HomeMy WebLinkAboutAgenda - 11-06-2002 - 9a 1
ORANGE COUNTY
BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
ACTION AGENDA ITEM ABSTRACT
Meeting Date: November 6, 2002
Action Agep4a
Item No.
SUBJECT: Implications of Possible Changes to Water Sewer Service Boundaries and
Urban Service Boundaries
DEPARTMENT: Planning and Inspections PUBLIC HEARING: (Y/N) No
ATTACHMENT(S): INFORMATION CONTACT:
Craig Benedict, Planning Director, ext 2592
Staff Report Gene Bell, ext. 2589
TELEPHONE NUMBERS:
Hillsborough 732-8181
Chapel Hill 968-4501
Durham 688-7331
Mebane 336-227-2031
PURPOSE: To consider the advisability of possible changes to Water Sewer Service
Boundaries and Urban Service Boundaries.
BACKGROUND: Recent discussions on the possible location of a new high school in the
Chapel Hill-Carrboro City School district have highlighted the need to assess the potential
impacts of such a facility, especially should it be located outside of adopted Urban
Service/Water-Sewer Service boundaries.
FINANCIAL IMPACT: There is no financial impact associated with this item.
RECOMMENDATION(S): The Administration recommends that the adopted Water Sewer
Service Boundaries and Urban Service Boundaries not be changed because the current
boundaries took many years of diligent effort on the part of all parties to create and are
incorporated in several multi-party land use plans and agreements.
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Implications of Locating Public Facilities Requiring Urban Services
in Southern Chapel Hill Township
Local government decisions on the location of public facilities can have serious and
far-reaching consequences for future land use and development patterns. This is
particularly true of elementary, middle, and high schools. In addition to their primary
function as centers of learning during the daytime, schools also host many after-
hours cultural and athletic events. As a community focal point, they can serve as a
catalyst for residential development in the surrounding area. Such development
may be entirely appropriate if it is consistent with local plans for growth and the
infrastructure is in place to support that growth.
Because of their size and the number of people utilizing them, school facilities
require access to municipal water and sewer service. These utilities should either
exist at the site when construction begins or be easily extended as part of the
development process. The desirability of locating a school in an urbanizing area
served with water and sewer is often complicated by the inability to assemble the
required acreage in such an area or the excessive cost of such acreage if it exists.
This can prompt decision-makers to search for an affordable site in outlying areas
and petition for extension of water and sewer lines to serve the school. Again, this
may be appropriate if the area in question is part of a future utility service area and
identified for growth at greater than rural densities. Otherwise, building a school in
an outlying area and extending utilities can potentially lead to inefficient and
unintended patterns of residential development.
Sites suitable for the construction of public school facilities in the Chapel Hill-
Carrboro urban area are becoming scarcer and more expensive. The implications of
locating future school facilities in southern Chapel Hill Township requires an
understanding of several interrelated agreements and plans, all of which are
predicated on a clear demarcation of urban and rural land use patterns. Briefly,
these include Orange County-Chapel Hill-Carrboro Joint Planning, the Chapel Hill
Comprehensive Plan, and the Water and Sewer Management, Planning, and
Boundary Agreement.
Orange County-Chapel Hill-Carrboro Joint Planning
In 1984, the Town of Chapel Hill and Orange County entered into a Joint Planning
Agreement that called for the development of a land use plan for areas immediately
surrounding Chapel Hill and Carrboro, but outside the extraterritorial jurisdictions
(ETJ) of the two towns. These areas outside of town planning jurisdictions were
known as Joint Planning "Transition Areas."
The staffs and Planning Boards of Chapel Hill and Orange County (initially, the Town
of Carrboro was not a party to the Joint Planning Agreement) proceeded to develop
a land use plan and on October 13, 1986, the Town of Chapel Hill and Orange
County adopted the Joint Planning Land Use Plan. Following efforts to streamline
the review process for developments in the transition areas, Carrboro joined Chapel
Hill and Orange County as a participant in Joint Planning on November 2, 1987.
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At the most basic level, Joint Planning is premised on two land use categories:
Transition and Rural Buffer. The Joint Planning Area Land Use Plan defines the
two categories as follows:
Transition areas are located adjacent to the urban areas of Chapel Hill
and Carrboro. They are in the process of changing from rural to urban
uses or are already urban in use; are developed at or suitable for
urban-type densities; and are now provided or are projected to be
provided with urban services.
The Rural Buffer is defined as being a low-density area consisting of
single-family homes situated on large lots having a minimum size of
two (2) acres. The Rural Buffer is further defined as land which,
although adjacent to an Urban or Transition Area, is rural in character
and which will remain rural, contain low-density residential uses, and
not require urban services (public utilities and other Town services).
While both areas are technically County jurisdiction, day-to-day administration of
land use and development ordinances in the Transition Areas is ceded to the towns
as specified in the Joint Planning Agreement while the Rural Buffer is regulated by
the County.
Chapel Hill Comprehensive Plan
On May 8, 2000, the Chapel Hill Town Council adopted a new Comprehensive Plan
for the Town along with an accompanying Land Use Plan. The geographic coverage
of the Plan includes all areas within Chapel Hill's town limits, ETJ, and Joint
Planning Transition Areas.
A feature of the new plan was a reduction of the Urban Services Boundary (USB) to
the south of Chapel Hill's corporate limits. This resulted in a northward shift of the
USB away from the Chapel Hill Southern Triangle Joint Planning Transition Area.
This Transition Area contains approximately 205 acres and is bordered by Chatham
County to the south, Old Lystra Road to the east, and the Chapel Hill ETJ and US
15-501 to the north. It is currently zoned Chapel Hill R-LD1 (minimum lot size of one
acre) as is the adjacent area to the north inside the Chapel Hill ETJ. The area
immediately to the east is zoned Orange County Rural Buffer (two acre minimum lot
size). Areas now outside the USB that were formerly inside it are part Transition and
part ETJ (town standards apply within both).
Water and Sewer Management, Planning and Boundary Agreement (WSMPBA)
The elected boards of Orange County, Chapel Hill, Carrboro and Hillsborough and
the appointed Orange Water and Sewer Authority (OWASA) Board of Directors
adopted resolutions in April 1994 to create a Water and Sewer Service Boundary
Task Force. The Task Force was charged with developing water and sewer service
boundaries for the County's service providers. The Task Force began meeting in
June 1994 and six months later issued a preliminary report with a set of service
boundaries and list of inter-related objectives to be addressed. On December 3,
2001, the Board of County Commissioners adopted the agreement in its final form.
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The preamble to the WSMPBA states the following purposes:
1. To provide a comprehensive, County-wide system of service areas for future
utility development and interest areas for dealing with private water and
wastewater system problems in areas without public water and sewer service.
2. To complement growth management objectives, land use plans and annexation
plans in existing agreements, such as the Orange County-Chapel Hill-Carrboro
Joint Planning Agreement and Joint Planning Area Land Use Plan.
3. To resolve in advance and preclude future conflicts about future service areas
and annexation areas.
4. To provide for predictable long-range water and sewer capital improvement
planning and financing.
5. To provide for limitations on water and sewer service in certain areas, as defined.
Sections III and VI of the WSMPBA contain several provisions essential to
understanding public facility locational issues. Excerpts from these sections include:
Section III — Definitions
• Primary Service Area: An area where water and/or sewer service is provided, or
might be provided according to adopted plans (this area is consistent with that
shown inside the USB for the Chapel Hill portion of the service area).
• Long-Term Interest Areas: Areas where water and/or sewer service is not
anticipated, but if provided, OWASA or Orange County will be responsible for
coordinating the provision of service.
• Essential Public Facility. A publicly owned facility (e.g., school, fire station, or
solid waste convenience center) that provides a service for the health, safety,
and/or general welfare of county residents.
• Adverse Public Health Condition: A situation where a wastewater system is
failing and no on-site repair area is available or a well water supply system is
contaminated and options to remedy the situation do not exist.
Section VI - Limitations on Service
• No extension of public water and sewer lines into interest areas except to
address adverse public health condition or essential public facility.
• Public water and sewer lines extended into an interest area shall be sized so as
to serve only the intended use; cannot be used for other purposes.
In the Chapel Hill-Carrboro area, primary service areas are restricted to existing
urban areas, some ETJ, and most of the Joint Planning Transition Areas. Long-term
interest areas are in the Rural Buffer.
Recent Actions
At the April 17, 2002 Joint Planning Public Hearing, a proposed amendment linking
the WSMPBA with the Joint Planning Agreement was presented as part of an overall
strategy to align local government land use decisions with public water and sewer
permitted areas. Accordingly, inconsistent requests for land use amendments by
third persons seeking connection to public water and sewer systems would not be
recommended for approval. This method is used in other areas around the country
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to ensure that local government utility plans and land use plans are not thwarted
through demands by land owners and the development community insisting that
public water and sewer connections be made contrary to the planned service area of
the utilities. The proposed amendment was subsequently adopted by all three Joint
Planning jurisdictions.
Conclusion
With the exception of Section VI of the WSMPBA, the agreements and plans
referenced above envision a clear boundary between urban and rural land uses.
While there is the possibility of extending public water and sewer lines into long-term
interest areas to serve an essential public facility, the implications for surrounding
land uses is not a preferred alternative or situation. Also, there are potentially
negative side effects to not allowing adjacent property owners to tie into a line
extended into a long-term interest area, especially in terms of petitions for service
(that must be denied) and challenges to the policy.