HomeMy WebLinkAboutApproved Minutes of March 26, 2025 MINUTES
ORANGE COUNTY BOARD OF HEALTH
March 26, 2025
ORANGE COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENT MISSION STATEMENT: To promote and protect
health, enhance quality of life, and preserve the environment for everyone in Orange County.
THE ORANGE COUNTY BOARD OF HEALTH MET ON March 26, 2025, at the Orange
County Health Department, 300 West Tryon Street, Hillsborough, NC.
BOARD OF HEALTH MEMBERS PRESENT: Alison Stuebe— Chair, Tony Whitaker—Vice
Chair, Keith Bagby, Bruce Baldwin, Brian Crandell, Commissioner Amy Fowler, Davia
Nickelson, Lee Pickett, Shielda Rodgers, and Rachel Royce. Aparna Jonnal arrived later.
BOARD OF HEALTH MEMBERS ABSENT: None.
STAFF PRESENT: Quintana Stewart, Health Director; Erica Pettigrew, Medical Director; Dana
Crews, Community Health Services Director; Dr. Stephanie George, Dental Services Director;
Victoria Hudson, Environmental Health Director; Carla Julian, Public Health Nursing Director;
Ashley Rawlinson, Compliance Manager; Frederick Perschau, Financial and Administrative
Services Director; Libbie Hough, Communications Manager; Brenna McManus, Advanced
Practice Provider I; Claudia "Gaby" Castro, Bilingual Medical Office Assistant; and Jean Phillips-
Weiner, BOH Strategic Plan Manager.
GUESTS/VISITORS PRESENT: Samantha Luu, Sierra Elrahal, Judith Rivera, and Aaron
Bindman
I. Welcome New Employees
Quintana Stewart, Health Director, introduced the two new employees in attendance: Brenna
McManus—Advanced Practice Provider I, and Claudia "Gaby" Castro — Bilingual Medical Office
Assistant.
II. Public Comment for Items NOT on Printed Agenda: None.
III. Board Comments:
Dr. Davia Nickelson
Dr. Nickelson shared that two NC counties, Union County and Lincoln County, have banned
fluoride from their local water supplies. In response to Commissioner Fowler's question, Dr.
Nickelson affirmed that both counties have at least one dentist, but that there are three other NC
counties that do not have any dentists. Dr. Royce asked about data and surveillance methods
regarding the impact of removing fluoride from local water, and Dr. Nickelson explained that
though there was no official surveillance that she was aware of, Juneau, Alaska, removed
fluoride from their water in 2007 and even as soon as 2010 there had been a noticeable
increase in cavities and tooth decay among the community. Dr. Pickett asked if Juneau had
since refluoridated, to which Dr. Nickelson replied that they had not. Dr. Stuebe commented that
the Orange County Board of Health was investigating the public health impact of fluoride when
she joined the board which Ms. Stewart affirmed, saying that in 2020 the board assisted the
Orange Water and Sewer Association (OWASA) in investigating fluoride, producing an
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extensive report on the positive public health impact and low risks associated with fluoridating
local water.
Dr. Rodgers asked if water from private wells is typically fluoridated, to which Commissioner
Fowler replied that it depends on the levels of fluoride in the groundwater. Victoria Hudson,
Environmental Health Director, said that there is not much fluoride in the groundwater for
Orange County. She shared that there are records of healthcare providers referring their
patients' households for well water testing so that they would know whether to recommend
fluoride supplementation; she added that this program can be resumed at any time.
Dr. Baldwin commented that he attempted to share the final 2020 report from the fluoride
committee with the board in advance of this meeting, but that it was a 150-page PDF and was
too large to attach it to the email. He shared that some of the concerns related to fluoride were
due to a past incident where OWASA inadvertently overfluoridated the water after a water main
break, and Ms. Stewart clarified that, while the water was overfluoridated, it was tested, and the
mistake was identified and corrected before the water went out to the public.
Dr. Bruce Baldwin
Dr. Baldwin apologized for having to leave the Board Retreat early— he shared that his
home is undergoing renovations, and the contractors showed up unexpectedly.
Commissioner Amy Fowler
Commissioner Fowler commented that there was a measles case identified in Washington
D.C., which does not bode well for the rest of the nation. Dr. Stuebe asked if there was room for
the Board of Health to submit a resolution in support of vaccines and vaccine funding, to which
Commissioner Fowler explained that vaccine funding is primarily at the state level, rather than
the Federal level, though that unfortunately doesn't mean vaccine funding is protected.
Keith Bagby
Mr. Bagby shared that his last day on the Board of Health will be June 30t", 2025. He
explained that he had notified the County Clerk's office directly and that they told him no further
action was needed to oversee his departure. He added that he will be moving into a house with
a private well and septic system for the first time in his life, which he feels serving on the board
has helped prepare him for.
Dr. Alison Stuebe
Dr. Stuebe shared that she had recently spoken with a member of the Chapel Hill Planning
Board regarding the land use plan, and that they had discussed "conservation districts" —
building houses more densely together to preserve existing farmland or untouched land — and
she had directed questions she received to Ms. Hudson. Dr. Stuebe suggested that perhaps
Ms. Hudson could present to local boards, including the BOCC, about health and land use.
Commissioner Fowler agreed that the BOCC are interested in the intersection of health and
land use. She noted that the land use plan had largely kept development out of the rural buffer,
which is where OWASA would operate. Dr. Stuebe said that she believed that in a later page of
the land use plan there was a suggestion to include development in the rural buffer, though
Orange County Planning was not able to make direct recommendations as they don't have
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jurisdiction there. Commissioner Fowler said that she knows private wells are allowed but that
she was unsure if community wells are permissible in these rural buffer zones as she hasn't
read the agreements in detail, to which Ms. Hudson said it depends on the size of the lots, but
that wells and septic systems can also be put in green spaces.
IV. Priority Committee Updates
Access to Care Committee
Dr. Pickett provided the update for the Access to Care Committee. The top priority
populations for the Photovoice project have been selected from a list of 10-12 identified
populations. The top four are: individuals living in low income and public housing; individuals
eligible for Medicaid and expanded Medicaid; individuals who are immigrants and those with low
English proficiency (LEP); and individuals living unsheltered. Dr. Pickett reminded board
members that the committee is currently piloting the Photovoice project with a group of graduate
students from UNC Gillings who are examining access to care with a group of individuals who
have experienced incarceration. She added that Jean Phillips-Weiner, Board of Health Strategic
Plan Manager, is in the process of interviewing potential practicum students to assist with the
project over the summer. Dr. Pickett concluded her update by sharing that the committee is
working on a resolution about barriers to care access in light of immigration enforcement and
warrant service, which they hope to have ready to present to the board at the April meeting. The
committee will next meet in mid-May.
Mr. Bagby asked whether residents of rural Orange County would be represented in the
Photovoice project, to which Dr. Pickett clarified that they are still on the list, but the initial
prioritization was largely based on perceived vulnerability. Dr. Royce chimed in to say that
practically, the group wanted to begin with some of the more accessible populations while
learning about the methodology and then build on that. Dr. Rodgers assured Mr. Bagby that the
rural populations would not be forgotten, as they are also a priority for her.
Connections to Community Support Committee
Mr. Whitaker provided the update for the Connections to Community Support Committee.
The committee continues to focus on affordable housing as a public health issue and spent
most of their most recent meeting distilling information and coming up with action items. One
such action item includes making concerns around housing as a public health issue publicly
known, particularly to the BOCC and those involved in updating the land use development plan
(which guides and informs policy and zoning). Mr. Whitaker shared that he met with Cy Stober,
Orange County Planning Director, to hear his thoughts on affordable/attainable housing. He
shared that Mr. Stober had recommended that the Board of Health submit a resolution related to
the land use plan and its health impact to the BOCC between May and September, though he's
since received notice that presentation of the land use plan may be delayed. The committee will
next meet in early May.
Commissioner Fowler encouraged the committee to still aim for the May-September window, as
the BOCC is already thinking about the land use plan, even if there may be delays in its
presentation. Mr. Whitaker stated that he and Dr. Stuebe also attended a recent BOCC meeting
where the current draft of the land use plan was presented and that they were comforted by the
realization that the BOCC are already carefully considering the importance and the challenges
of providing affordable housing. Dr. Stuebe said that the committee would aim to present a draft
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of their resolution at the April or May Board of Health meeting and asked Commissioner Fowler
if the BOCC would prefer a position statement regarding housing as a public health issue vs.
specific recommendations, i.e., the top five most important housing action items for health.
Commissioner Fowler said that specific recommendations of items that the board believes are
highly relevant to health would be helpful. Dr. Stuebe also referenced the importance of primary
prevention, secondary prevention, and tertiary prevention for evictions and homelessness.
Dr. Royce asked about housing repairs for those who are living in unsafe or inhumane housing
—for example, housing with inadequate heating or broken windows. Commissioner Fowler
shared that there are programs for this and that they have increased the funding for repairs of
existing housing stock. Dr. Stuebe commented that one of the speakers for the Connections to
Community Support Committee mentioned that it is important to preserve existing affordable
housing, such as bungalows built in the 1950s, as new construction cannot be built at the same
price point. She noted that multiple strategies will be needed to solve the affordable housing
crisis.
Dr. Rodgers commented that she liked the term "attainable housing," as it feels more precise
than "affordable housing." She also wondered what impact the recent revaluation of property
values and property taxes might have on people's ability to retain their housing, noting that her
own property value more than doubled. Commissioner Fowler clarified that the value increases
will not be reflected 1:1 in the increase in property taxes, as property taxes will reflect only what
the county needs for the budget. She added that there is a long-term homeowner's assistance
program to help those with a fixed income afford property tax increases, and that people can
also appeal their property revaluation if they disagree with it. Dr. Stuebe noted that this is an
opportunity for education, since if board of health members do not understand the nuances of
property tax increases, then it is likely that the public does not know either and might find the
value increases stressful.
Behavioral Health Committee
The Behavioral Health Committee has submitted a resolution for the board's consideration.
The committee will next meet in late April.
Ad Hoc Committee on Well Rules
Committee activities are on hiatus until after the ongoing litigation case is resolved.
V. Approval of the March 26, 2025, Agenda
Motion to approve the agenda of the March 26, 2025, BOH meeting was made by
Commissioner Amy Fowler, seconded by Dr. Lee Pickett, and carried without dissent.
VI. Approval of February 26, 2025, Minutes
Motion to approve the minutes of the February 26, 2025, BOH meeting was made by
Commissioner Amy Fowler, seconded by Mr. Tony Whitaker, and carried without dissent.
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VII. Educational Sessions
A. NC Navigator Consortium and Legal Aid NC
Sierra Elrahal, Navigator, Judith Rivera, Navigator, and Aaron Bindman, MAT Supervising
Attorney, presented on the NC Navigator Consortium and Legal Aid NC programs.
Some highlights of their presentation are below:
• Ms. Elrahal explained that the NC Navigator Consortium is a grant-funded project within
the Legal Aid NC Program that helps provide health insurance options for people living
in North Carolina. The program assists North Carolinians with any health insurance
option other than Medicare and refers individuals who need assistance with Medicare to
State Health Insurance Program (SHIP) counselors.
• The program provides education and practical assistance to community members and
does a lot of outreach activities, including tabling, flyering, and partnering with
community organizations.
• Ms. Rivera shared that the Navigator Consortium has been active since the Affordable
Care Act (ACA) passed in 2013 and has touched over 7 million North Carolinians with
information about health insurance.
• Ms. Rivera specifically highlighted the Premium and Copay Assistance Program (PCAP)
program, which connects individuals living with HIV with affordable health insurance to
cover the cost of their Anti-Retroviral Therapy and other medications.
• Mr. Bindman spoke about the NC Legal Aid program, which is a statewide entity
providing legal representation to low-income households on topics such as domestic
violence defense, eviction defense, fighting for humane housing conditions, defense
against foreclosure, debt collection, and repossession, and Medicaid advocacy.
Regarding Medicaid advocacy, the program assists those who have been denied or
terminated but have reason to believe they are still eligible. They also assist with medical
debt relief. Clients are referred to Legal Aid through multiple channels, including the NC
Navigator Consortium and the Medicaid Helpline.
• Ms. Rivera shared that they have partnered with the UNC Sheps Center to assess the
impact of navigators in the community and to determine who hasn't yet been reached by
Medicaid expansion. It's estimated that statewide, around 20% of people who are
eligible have not enrolled. In response to Commissioner Fowler's question, Ms. Rivera
explained that it is likely due to gaps in data collection that many counties have such low
estimates of unreached eligible population (that is, >95% of Medicaid-eligible individuals
have enrolled), and there is likely more unmet need than the projections indicate. She
said that so far, the data analysis has been focusing primarily on clusters, meaning there
is less data about trends in more rural areas, and that they are encouraging the Sheps
Center to add a qualitative component to paint a more complete picture.
• Dr. Stuebe asked what trends navigators are seeing regarding why some populations
have waited to enroll, to which Ms. Elrahal said that there are a variety of reasons
someone may have waited to enroll, including not knowing that they are eligible, not
needing health insurance, and not wanting to work with the Department of Social
Services (DSS), often due to a negative experience in the past. Ms. Elrahal added that
many people are used to the Health Insurance Marketplace, which is generally set to
auto-reenroll each year, meaning newly eligible people may have missed that they are
eligible because they did not submit a new application. Ms. Rivera noted that many of
the people whom they are now seeing enrolling are burdened on multiple dimensions —
for example, they may be both experiencing homelessness and lacking transportation.
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• Commissioner Fowler asked if providers can refer patients directly to the NC Navigator
Consortium, to which Mr. Bindman recommended directing people to the ePASS
website, epass.nc.gov. Ms. Elrahal said that patients can also apply on healthcare.gov,
and Ms. Rivera added that ePASS is a portal for people to access many public benefits,
such as EBT/WIC, energy assistance, Tanf, and it can be used to bypass the phone
trees at DSS.
• Dr. Stuebe commented that negative Medicaid experiences can influence an individual's
likelihood of voting and otherwise being civically engaged and that the work Legal Aid
does is so important, as not all County DSS are as good as Orange County's.
• Dr. Royce said that the Legal Aid team are superheroes and asked what the Board of
Health can do to help. Mr. Bindman said that funding at DSS is the biggest need that he
sees. Ms. Rivera commented that providing flyers and referrals to people is useful,
though they cannot be referred to through EPIC (they use EveryAction). Ms. Elrahal
added that it would be helpful for them to be more integrated in the healthcare system to
help people differentiate between Legal Aid and potential scams.
• Dr. Stuebe asked if there was a way to notify people alongside their state tax returns that
they may be eligible for Medicaid, an idea which the Legal Aid team all applauded but
agreed that they likely did not have the influence to make it happen. In response to Dr.
Baldwin's question about the submission of 1095 forms, which provide proof of health
insurance throughout the year, Mr. Bindman explained that these are no longer required
after the Supreme Court removed the ACA condition that penalized those without health
insurance.
• Dana Crews, Community Health Services Director, shared that several Family Home
Visiting and Family Success Alliance Navigators are currently being trained as Medicaid
Ambassadors.
B. Campus Community Coalition (CCC) Update
Samantha Luu, Director of the Campus Community Coalition (CCC), presented the annual
update on the CCC program.
Some highlights of her presentation are below:
• In response to Dr. Stuebe's question, Ms. Luu shared that BORGs (Black-Out Rage
Gallons) continue to be used by students on campus.
• The CCC emerged from their strategic planning process with goals organized in five
"buckets" targeting environmental change. Polysubstance use (that is, intentional or
unintentional use of two or more substances at the same time) is emerging as an area of
concern.
• CCC recently conducted a social norms campaign to promote engaging in harm
reduction practices as normal and acceptable (e.g., only having one drink the night
before big study days, drinking lots of water and eating when consuming alcohol).
• Based on EMS injury data, about half of campus area 911 calls related to alcohol use
were for individuals who were under 21 years of age. A lot of the injuries were in areas
with a high concentration of individuals involved in Greek life (e.g., Fraternity court,
Granville towers). Black students were disproportionately affected by alcohol-related
injuries, particularly motorized vehicle accidents. Ms. Luu also mentioned that there has
been an increase in EMS calls about THC overdoses related to consuming cannabis-
infused gummies.
• Ms. Luu shared a map of youth access to vaping products and other substances
provided by Orange Partnership and explained that retailers often cluster in areas of less
privilege (e.g., lower income areas, communities of color). She explained that "flagged
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retailers" were retailers who had failed a compliance check and were considered
"problem retailers" who were likely to sell to minors or fail to appropriately check ID.
• The outgoing Surgeon General released a report at the beginning of the year outlining
the link between alcohol consumption and cancer risk and stating that there is no safe
amount of alcohol that can be consumed without elevating cancer risk. Women
experience greater risk of developing cancer from alcohol exposure compared to men,
even at low to moderate rates of drinking. The Surgeon General recommended updating
the alcohol warning labels to reflect this new awareness of associated cancer risk.
• Legalization of cannabis is most likely coming, and Ms. Luu underscored the importance
of good policy. Commissioner Fowler noted that when she contacted mayors about
updating their municipal Unified Development Ordinances (UDOs) to restrict the opening
of vape shops within certain distances of schools, parks, and residential areas she got
some pushback which she believes may have been because there are concerns about
instead shunting these shops into lower income areas and increasing justice-
involvement of already marginalized individuals. Ms. Luu said that she recommends
applying a harm-reduction lens to this issue —the importance is in promoting safer sales
as much as possible. She added that currently, there is no regulation and no state
guidance, no age limits set or enforced in NC, and that products being sold are often not
congruent with what is on the labels, so protective policy is necessary.
• Ms. Luu shared some health equity highlights, including increasing language access to
programming and arrest deflection/diversion programs. She reminded the board that
pursuing environmental-level change is the best way to impact the largest number of
people.
• In response to Dr. Crandell's question, Ms. Luu explained that opioids and cannabis are
two other substances of concern. One harm-reduction strategy is to make naloxone
easily accessible in bars, house parties, and local retailers; Ms. Luu shared that CCC
has also been pairing the responsible server trainings with bystander intervention
trainings, and that she wants to add naloxone training.
• Dr. Nickelson asked about mobile IDs (i.e., IDs that can be displayed on a smartphone
screen) to which Ms. Luu explained that, while the idea behind them is to allow people to
always have their ID on them as most people always have their phone with them, they
ultimately present an issue for enforcement, as the technology to verify them is
prohibitively expensive and really only accessible to organizations like TSA.
Dr. Jonnal arrived during this time.
VIII. Actions Items
A. Health Department Strategic Plan
Ms. Stewart presented the updates to the Strategic Plan since its initial presentation to the
board at the Board Retreat on March 15t", 2025. Specifically, the organizational chart was
revised based on the board's feedback. In response to Dr. Royce's question about further
feedback, Ms. Stewart assured her that she considers a strategic plan to be a living document,
so it can always be revised.
Dr. Royce applauded the goal of collecting more data, and Ms. Stewart shared that efforts are
already underway to address data access issues.
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Motion to approve the Orange County Health Department Strategic Plan was made by Dr.
Aparna Jonnal, seconded by Dr. Shielda Rodgers, and carried without dissent.
B. Resolution Addressing Social Media Use, Screen Time, and Youth Mental Health
Jean Phillips-Weiner, Board of Health Strategic Plan Manager, presented the resolution draft on
behalf of the Behavioral Health Committee and requested feedback.
Dr. Royce expressed trepidation about the resolution endorsing a specific book, The Anxious
Generation, in part due to potential accessibility issues. Ms. Phillips-Weiner assured her that
copies of this book are available at both public libraries in Orange County and that there is also
an associated website with relevant data and information. Dr. Jonnal suggested making copies
of the book available at schools, as teens may also benefit from reading it. Ms. Stewart said that
the health department can help make some copies of the book available, especially during
events such as Screen-Free Week.
Several other board members echoed concerns about endorsing a specific book. After some
discussion, the board agreed to instead "encourage parents and young people to explore the
resources listed below" (that is, at the end of the resolution), which include The Anxious
Generation. To ensure clarity, the board recommended also numbering the pages of the
resolution as I of 2" and "2 of 2."
Dr. Stuebe suggested adding a QR code so that anyone with a printed copy of the resolution
can still access the resources digitally.
Dr. Rodgers noted that this resolution gets pretty specific and, though we can't guarantee that
all these things will happen, it is useful to make the board's stance known as the resolution can
be used in the future to help guide health department programming.
Dr. Royce asked about the intended audience for the resolution, to which Commissioner Fowler
explained that it can be sent to multiple audiences —the BOCC, the school boards, and the NC
General Assembly—as they are relevant to the expressed goals of the resolution. She added
that the items relevant to parents can be shared through the health department and BOCC
websites, as well as through the schools. Mr. Whitaker noted that, because there isn't a clear
intended audience, there is more flexibility in how the resolution can be used to support future
initiatives and requests. Dr. Rodgers agreed, saying that this is a statement of the board's
position that can be used for future advocacy as needed. She noted that often resolutions serve
just to make a unified opinion publicly known, sharing that some faculty at UNC recently passed
a resolution opposing negative comments about a staff member involved in DEI programming.
Dr. Jonnal wondered if we could add a request for the establishment of a task force to work on
screens and young people, as the Board of Health will not be able to do all the work on this. She
added that enforcement and monitoring would need to be considered over time. Dr. Rodgers
said that she wasn't sure if a resolution should have that level of specificity, since a resolution
containing dozen actions for the board may never be passed and likely will never be executed,
as the bandwidth of the Board of Health is limited. She noted that collaboration is needed.
Dr. Stuebe expressed support for collaborating with libraries, as people can borrow many
screen-free activities from the library for free, including board games and books.
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Dr. Royce suggested trying to engage with kids and teens and host listening sessions to help
get buy-in and representation from young people.
Mr. Bagby suggested several other organizations with whom to share copies of the resolution,
such as Grow Your World, Efland Voices, Boomerang, Orange Partnership, the Chamber of
Commerce, and local media. Dr. Crandell also expressed support for youth programming such
as Boomerang, which provides youth with options for low-screen activities. Dr. Royce said that
someone from the Board of Health could appear on WHUP Radio to talk about the resolution;
Dr. Stuebe recommended Commissioner Fowler and Dr. Jonnal. Dr. Baldwin said he could take
a copy down to News of Orange to share. Dr. Royce recommended someone also give a public
comment at the local school board meetings and sharing with other local boards of health.
Motion to approve the resolution as amended was made by Commissioner Amy Fowler,
seconded by Dr. Lee Pickett, and carried without dissent.
IX. Reports and Discussion with Possible Action
A. Media Items
Libbie Hough, Communications Manager, presented the media packet to the board. Topics
included: Lincoln County removing fluoride from the water supply, uncertainty in nonprofits
related to federal funding delays, and the potential impact of Medicaid cuts on rural NC
counties.
Media items were in the packet, which focused on Orange County's events, our
involvement in various efforts, and various public health topics.
B. Health Directors Report
Ms. Stewart presented her report to the Board. Below are brief highlights of her report.
• New legislation was passed in late 2024 by the NC Legislature prohibiting the
enforcement of new local zoning ordinances, preventing further amendments to local
UDOs.
• Federal funding for vaccines is in flux, with COVID funds being reclaimed by federal
agencies even though these funds are already due to expire in June 2025. Ms. Stewart
encouraged board members to consider a resolution supporting vaccines and ongoing
vaccine funding for Orange County.
• Ms. Stewart shared that there is growing support for adopting Tobacco 21 (T21) policies
at the state level, which the Board of Health submitted a resolution in favor of back in
January 2023.
• The measles symposium has been rescheduled for Friday May 31st at 8am in the Donna
Baker Meeting Room of the Whitted building.
• Ms. Stewart concluded her report by reminding board members that the BOCC will be
hosting a reception honoring volunteers and members of local boards on April 1st in the
Donna Baker Meeting Room of the Whitted building from 6-7pm.
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X. Adjournment
A motion was made by Commissioner Amy Fowler to adjourn the meeting at 9:07 p.m.,
was seconded by Dr. Aparna Jonnal, and carried without dissent.
The next Board of Health Meeting will be held April 23, 2025, at the Orange County Health
Department, 300 West Tryon Street, Hillsborough, NC at 7:00 p.m.
Respectfully submitted,
Quintana Stewart, MPA
Orange County Health Director
Secretary to the Board
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