HomeMy WebLinkAboutAgenda - 01-16-2002 - 5aORANGE COUNTY
BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
ACTION AGENDA ITEM ABSTRACT
Meeting Dale: January Y6, 2002
Action Agagtla
Item No. ~_.
SUBJECT' R I tl A pf C ti E m nt Oonafon -Carl antl Eve Shy
DEPARTMENT: Environment and Resource PUBLIC HEARING (Y/N) No
Conservation
ATTACHMENT INFORMATION CONTACT:
A. Daft Resolution 0avitl Stencil, 245-2590
B. Location Map Rich Shaw, 2462581
C. Property Map
D. Draft Conservation Easement TELEPHONE NUMBERS:
Hillsborough ]32-0101
Chapel Hill 980-4581
Durham 680]331
Mebane 33642]-2031
PURPOSE: To consitler a resolution approving a conservation easement agreemen[with
Cad antl Eve Shy for land in Bingham Township.
BACKGROUND: The Lantls Legacy program, adopted in April 2000, seeks to protect the
County's most important natural and cultural resources. Through this program, the County
uses a variety of voluntary means to protect lands, 'mduding fee-simple acquisition,
acceptance of lantl tlona[ions, antl purchase or tlonetion of conservation easements. The
types of lentl protectetl inclutle parklantl, natural areas and wildlife habitat, riparian buffers,
prime farmland and historic antl cultural sdas. Since inception, Lantls Legacy has protectetl
59] acres of rosource lands in Omnge County.
In the fall of 2000, Dc Carl Shy wntactetl the Environment antl Resource Conservation
Director Oavitl Stanch about hid family's potential interest in protecting their lentl using a
conservation easement. Dc Shy explainetl [het he became Interestetl In the Idea of an
easement as a result of his experience as a member of the Shaping Omnge County's Future
Task Force. He antl his wife, Eva, have cared for the land for 20 years antl wcultl like to
know that it will wntinue to be protectetl in aaimilar fashion They offeredb"grant"an
easement tc Oronge County antl, in tloing so, relinquish certain rights to develop [he
property (both [heir antl future lantlowners'rights). After preliminary tliscueaicns of the
proposal with the BOCC, the Boam authorized pursuk of an easement agreement.
s
Carl and Eve Shy own 45 aces located east of Bmtlshaw Ouany Rcatl (Bingham Township)
in Cane Creek watershed -within the%-mile"critical area'of Cene Creek Reservoir. The
Shys purchased the propedy in 1980 and have es[abllshed a home there comprised of their
residence, several outbuildings, s meadow with native wildflower plots, and a pond. The
home site is sunoundetl by mature woodlands antl severel acres of open pasture, which is
usetl by a local fanner to produce hay and wrn.
The Shy property has many conservation values, which will receive permanent protection via
the conservation easement. Those values include natural area and wildlife habitat
asacciatetl with an itlentifed County natural area ske, and prime farmland which continues to
be usetl to grow hay and Deco. The land also contributes to the coral character end open
space prevalent In this section of Bingham Township antl to the protection M high quality
dtlnkinq water in the Cane Creek Reservoir. Preservation of this land by the SM1ys will
complement the mnsitlemble effortr by OWASA [o conserve other lands in the Cane Creek
watershed. To date, OWASA owns or has easements cn 2,842 acres in Cane Creek
watershed. The Shy property is contiguous to OWASA land holtlinga around [he Reservoir
Siefl antl the County Attorney have woBetl with the Shys to craft an easement that meets
me familys needs and the County's interests. The easement would cover 44.71 acres (two
contiqueus treMa in single ownership). Future development rights would be relinquished
through the easement, with the exception of one atltlitional home site and a few other
improvements as denoted in the easement. A"present cond'Rion report"describing the
present mntlRion of the pmpeliy has been prepared by staff antl will be incorpara[etl into the
easement
FINANCIAL IMPACT: The Shye are offering to "donate"the conservation easement, with no
nwnetary compenaation far their voluntary decision to restriM future development of this
property In accoNance with theterms of the easement In exchange for the donation,the
owners may be entitled to receive federal and state tax benefits available to landowners that
donate wnservafion easements. Staff will assist the Shys in purauing [hose benefits.
Orange County (ERCD) will aeaume [he task of monitoring the property on en annual basis
and helping to enfiroe the development restrictions. Orenge County will pay same of the
transaction costs, including $1,0110 towak thecoat of surveying the propedy, which will be
paid from the Lands Legacy Fund.
RECOMMENDATION(S): The Manager recommends that the BOartl adopt the resolution
approving the easement antl authorize the Chelr to sign the easement, subjeM to final review
by staff antl County Adorney.
ORANGE COUNTY BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
RESOLGTION
Approval of a Conservation Easement between
the County of Orange antl Catl antl Eve Shy
WHEREAS, Orange (iOpnty has atloptetl goals promoting the preservation of natural areas,
wildlife habitat, faimlantl and open space in the County; antl
WHEREAS, Orange County has adopted measures that exceetl State minimum standards to
protect public water supply watersheds, including the Cene Creek watershetl which provides
tlrinking water to Ue 65,660 residents of Chapel Hill and Carrboro: antl
WHEREAS, one wmpcnenl of the Lands Legacy program is the acquisAion cf mnservation
easements on lands that Include natuml areas, wiltllife habitat antl prime or threatened
farmland wiMin water supply watarshetls; antl
WHEREAS, the Shyer have been exemplary stewaNS of this property by protecting riparian
corridors, maintaining healthy wootllands and prime fannlanQ plen[iig native trees antl plant
species, being highly ludlcious ietheir use of feNlizers antl pesticitles, antl by instilling their
lend conservation values into their children and grandchildren; and
WHEREAS, a conservation easement provides awin-win scenario -ensuring the
preservation of this land for future generafions in private ownership antl providing some level
of tax benefits for the Shy family
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the Board of Commissioners for the County of
Orange do hereby approve the execution of this conservation easement wRh Catl and Eve
Shy for 44.]1 ecrea in Bingham Township. in accoN with the terms of [he attached easement
agreement, and authorizes the Chair to sign the easement agreement on behaH of the
BoaN, with a closing to occur on or before Mamh 31, 2062
BE IT FURTHER.RESOLVEO that the e6aN thanks the Shys for their civic-minded Interest
in pursuing a conservation easement. end for enhancing [he County's Lands Legacy
program.
This [he tfi°i tlay of January, 2002.
Reny Jacobs, Chair
Orange County Board of Commissioners
Bevady Blylha. CIeB to the Boam
Shy Conservation Easement
Cane Creek Watershed Critical Area
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Shy Conservation Easement
Cane Creek Watershed Critical Area
C
Can antl Eve Shy Property (45 Acres)
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Parcel Bountlary 0 2=~ 0 Feet A `''
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Shy Covicervve[on evsemena Dr¢Jt ttd9-PI 6
Prepazed by evd re[wvm: Oeogxey E.Oledhill; Coleman, Gledhill ffiHargnvq
P.O. Rawer 1529; llillsb¢cvgh,NC 2]2)8
NORTH CAROLINA
COUNTY OF ORANGE
CONSERVATION 14ASEMENT
This Gant oCCOns¢vation Easement (hereiaaftee "COVavrvativv Easement") is made the
day of ,2002 by CARL M. SIIY and EVE CAROL SHY, husband avd wife,
having an address e[ 6626 Bradel+aw Quevy AVad, Eflnvd, NC 2]201 (fi¢mnaf@r "Gmntars") avd
ORANGE COCNT$ 6ORYH CAROLINA, having nn vddress vfPOSt Office Box 8161,
ELllsbmougb, NC 20208 (hemnaft¢"Grmtee'~.
The designation C tole avd Cmavtce ae used herein e1wE mclude said parties, their
hales, sueeeasars aad essigvs, avd efivll ivelude singWar, plural, masculine, tuwnwe orveu[¢
pronvuvs as reyuiad by con4aY.
RECITALS
A. The Gmneors are the sole owners wfcc simple oftMSe two comiguous [acts of
real property locs[ad va BivSham Township, Orange County, Nosh Carolwa and described as
follows
1. Being all ofihat 32.94ecre tract desigoved as Lot I-R on the plat ofproperty
titled'Properly of Carl M. Shy avd Eve Carol Shy," prcpard by F.NT LarW
Surveys, Inc., wMCh plaz is recorded azPlaz BOOk PaSe~Omnge County
Registry (P1N: __~ TMBL 6.15. ~ and
2. Being all of thaz ll.]]-acre tact shown as lo[2on ffic Plat vfProP~Ytided
"Property of Cwt M. SEy and Eva Carol Shy," prepared by ENT Lend Surveys,
Ivc., which plat ie recorded az Plaz Book Page ~ Runge Comty Registq~
(PIN: _~TMBL GIS.._).
These two [seta mgefher, wmpnsing 64.]t ecros, areh¢eineflercvll¢tivtly mferted tp eith¢
"WC enenmrs' ProPmy" or the "Eascmcvt Area"
3. ToWe caant practicable, the Grmnom wish to mainrvv the Gr tors'Pmperty es
a combivalion vfwoodland and open space suitable es habimt £or the vadve Floc and Lama of
the NoM Carolina Piedmont, as an eduwEOnil revamce far use by the North Carolina Bmmical
Gardeq and m protect the quality ofwater ruvving off from this land arW mW a streamthet
enters the Cave Cmek Reservoir.
sny co,rrarvaron eoaa~nnnr ora;z uav-m ]
B. IDcGrwtea is a body politic exis[ivg vvder Chapter 153A ofdte NoM Caroline
Gmural smmrea.
C. Th<Eazemmt Area is a signi5cmt natural area that quuihes in ila present
wvattiov as a °._relativaly natural habitW of fish, wildlife, orplants, or similar mosyetcm;' ae
[hat phrase Is used In RL. 96-541, 26 UCS ^o(h)(A)(ir~, as amended, aria m rcgulafiona
pmmu~ated thorcwder. Specifically, the Sosemmt Arm is Mbimt (oravariery ofrativa plwts
and animals desvibed for this area ov Pages 41A2 oflhe /nvemory free Narwal Areas and
Wildlf HaMmv ufOrunge. County, IDanx (nrotina, written by Dawsov Sather and Stephen
Hall ai condudwl for the Thangle L rid Covsemamy in coordwetion with the NaNs Caroliw
Natural Heritage Pmgam in DCCCmbw 158b. the active plwLS and wimals include chestnut
oek,red oak, shagbark hickory, red-IVIed hawk, starter and summer mnagers, yellow-Woaced
white-ruled daa5 rod faxes, eas[mt dtlpmuv65 sod &aY sgwrtde. Fallowing ie w
excerpt from [ha Natural Heritage Invmbry.
"Remou for sign JiCanec Three oftAe low yeaks surrounding Re Cane Creek Reserwrir
esri/I rolafive[Y Undeveloped undpaarese~guvd ezamp[ev fup(and hardwoodforesv
typical ofrhe Hedmone Col(ecirvely, inese uplardd nr esrervtve enough roprovide
good AabiratJorseveralanima(v seruiuve to fivmnn rhsmrbmroe. d'iruared in the Cane
Creek vapeg ii is an zmponmu habirm node wirMn an extensive wildlife oonidor
conner/ed to the Huw Riverrysrem."
The EUSemm[Area also WclwLS lwd within azove dmiy red by Orenge COWry ass
'ontieW etw"ofaprotwtal wumr mpp(y wataehed fo[Me Cade Creek Resxrvoir. Auolhm
primary puepuse vfthis F.eserueut to protal Ne largely wdevelvpednemre pftlle Grantors'
Pmpetry end, in dowg eo, helping m pmmc[ [fielEgh gpeliN oPlhat drinkivg water supply
serving the people ofsnuthav Orwge Cowry.
The Eaeemml Arev also inclpdas producriveapricdtwel lava. 'the majority ofMe sails
on the G tam' Pmprny are dazsifi~ es "prune soils" by the Natual Rasourccs Cvnscrveem
6erviw, US. Department ofAgncultma, wLlch iv parthas allowed the property to gnaE[y far
the special use ad valorem ptvp~zly tax assamtm[ for lands used for silviculmal, agricutural or
finraevlmml putp0auc, set forth in N_C. Cen_ Stat. 105.2]].3 ot. seq. It is a secondary purpose of
this Dasemwtto protect the agricultural soils wd ag[icultural viability wdprvductivity nfthe
Grwmr' ProPmY.
The Pasemmt Area also mntnbutes to the ravel and ecauic cfimvcter of[iinglem
Township in soulhwestem Orwge Cvwty. Dradshuw Qwrry Road (SIDte Road l I l5) is
identified as ascemc road comdor w[he OrwgeCwnty Comprchvma've Plan. AlthougF
fometcd buifma along thatmad obscure views ofthc Easement Area, interior views are hipJdy
with mixed wnadlwds surtowdwg rolEng pastures, meadows and a pond. It is d
mavdary purpose ofthc Easement to help m pmteat themml chareum and open spaoe of
Binppam Township.
SXq Conseraiun Easemem Drajt II-19-01 6
The vamrW habi+et avd egicWhuW resources of the Cnevtors'Propmy, avd its
comriburiort ro the pmteaion of the area water eigrply and ravel character w collectively refaced
b as the"cevavrvetiov vWVCe"o[the Easement Area -
O. The charaeteustice of the Easement Arse, its curtart use wd Hate of
improvement, are descnbed iv a report entitled "Present Condition Report on the Carl and Evc
Shy Property;' dated November, 2001 prepared by Grantee for the Gmtas, ofwhich a summary
ie atmched vs CxhibitArothis ConsmationEaswmt. The Grentors worked with the Gravure
m ensure thaz [hc report is a compltte and aenmete desulprtev o£the Casement toes as ofthe
date ofthis Conservation Easement. I[ will be used by the Grantors end Grmtee to azsure that
arty fomse changes in the use of IM1e Casement Areawill ba covsistent with ma terms ofthis
Conservation Easement Howcva,fhe Baseline Report is not intmdedto preclude the use of
other evidence to estahlisM1 the present mvditivv oPtheEasement AYea iftlaae is a covrcoveray
over ih dso.
' E. The Gravtors and Grantee have the mnuvon puryou of conurving the
ubovodescribed conservation values ofthe Eesemrnt Area in perpnWty, and the State ofN'orth
Cmolinahaz au[hou~d the creation of Conservation Eazements pursnan[to the terms uCthe
North Carolina Covsavafivn and Historic Preservation Agneemmts Act, N.C. Gen. Stet §
19 d4 a acq.,end N.C. Gen. Stat.6$160A-266 - 299, whirdi pmvida for the enforceability of
restrictions, easemmu, covrnauts or condifievs "appropriate to rctaiaing lend or waterareas
prcdomirwrtly w Ihev vetwal, scewc or open condition or in agdcultmW, horticvlmral, terming,
or forest vseq' and wlilch provides for tax aseeesmmt of Invds subject to sucM1 ageemente "o
We basis oftlre true value oftlre land and improvvnmts less say reduction invalue causedby the
agreemrnt"; and the Gravrore and Grenreewish to avail themselves of0e provisions offhose
lawn.
NOW,THERF.AORF the Gravtoq fox and wusiderarioo ofthe feGarmi[ed above sod of
Yhc muroet covatants, [urns, conditions and restdctiovs ceufamedhewitt wd az an absolute sent
condidocW gift, hacby gives, gents and conveys wto the Grevmc, ifs successors and assigns,
forever and is perpetuity for the bmcfit of[he people ofNoM Cuolwa, a Censavatioa
Yasmamt over the Easement Area of the vamre aM character ns follows:
1. PURPOSE. The puryoses of this Cooservadmt Basement ors to encore that the
Easavmt Area will be reteivN fomver predominantly in its netwul, [orarted, and open space
corrditiom to protect native planes and aWmals, orplant corumuWtles ev Ne Casement Area,
while allowing traditional uus mthe Casement Arv Nat are compatible with a.od not
destrucHVe ofthe umservation values oCthc Eaument Aree suctraz selmtive timber harvcetmg,
fanning ofexistivg partures mtl fields, and artistic activitice; and to prevent my use of[he
Easement Area that will impnv or interfere with the conservaion valucapr iataests oftlre
Easement Area.
Glanrors will noI perform, nor mowivgly allow others ro perform, auY act on or affecting
[he Easement Arca that is imm~sistm[ wiN theputposes ofthis ComcrveEon Easement.
SFy Coverweion Eusemem D.ajr ll-I9-dl 9
However, wlesa otharwiecspccified blow, nothing in Ihia Conservetiov Hnsvnmteball require
the Cgmtors to ~ske any anion m restore the mvditiov of the Easmsmt Area after my sot of Cod
r olfier event overwluch Crzeniors had no contruL Granmrs unders[avd iha[m[higginthis
Corte rve[ion Eaeemmt relieves them ofany obligation m restriction on the nse ofdre Eescmrnt
Area imposed bylaw.
2. EASEMENT AREA USES .My activity oq or use of the Easement Area
moon¢istmt withtlao purposes of Ibis Conservation Pasement is prbibited. The EEatlnmt Area
stall be maintained in ila nazurvl, scenic and open corWiliuv and realricted fivm any development
that would lmpalr or interfere wrth WO COnservalion values oRFa Eaaemmt Area •Ythoot
'limiting Ne geuaslityof We foregoing,the following isaliativ6Of actividea and uses which are
apmssly prohibited or whicfi are exprcasly avow W. Grmtors antl Crtm[w have determined that
the vllnwed nedvitiee do vot wtpav the conservation values o[[he Easemml Ares. Additioral
retained rights ol'Granton are sn foah in Paragraph 3 below.
2.1 Subdiv ao and Res dmfist Oee. The portlon oftlre Easuvm[MCa
mduded iu Lot I-R may be mbdivided, pmQdoned, ar oovvayed inm no more than two lots as
definedby Exhibit B to this Conservation Easemmt: one pvreel of oppmximaely 14.32 acres iv
tzc that hmludes Ihn Grmmcs'resldmceend is idmfifi~ eu Exlilbit B ae Paoel l-A, and the
olha lot of appmnmmely 18.62 sines In size ardidcnd-ed on Exhifiit- as Paroel 1-R. Only
wepamavmtr«idence i¢ndowed on Paccl l-A. No permanent residrncc may be covawctcd
on Paccl l-B. Only due permanem residence maybe cousWCicd ov Lol2, and this Iraatmay
oat he suM1divitletl or parti[ioved.
2 2 S:ovsvvction. trtvnmrs shall Lave Ne right to construct and mvivmiv two,
and ovly iwq pmnwmt msideuo withiv the Easement Area The 5mtro5dmca cuamtly
ex1aK on the 14 32-ecm Paccl l-Ag Tfie second msidmce may be located on Lo[ 2 and within a
Roeidoutiel Envelope idmlifi~ on P.xhibi[ B. Grmtors may coushnol ddvcweyq utilities and
wells to save tM1e two resideooes. Graniom may also amsauet wtbnildings fr agdculmv6
Iwai<ulrurnl, edueefiorwl, atiede or recreazional purposes or forthev omrhomabeead small
bu¢hte¢a so long ee mNOrizcd by Orange County mvinS regulation and consatm[withpermits
r«Inired by and issued by Orange County undo its laws and ordwmces for snch buildings and
Ind uses. No other atrucrwes may beplsocdmmmmrcvA On Me Pasemmt Area.
Fur[M1amoro, thQeahn- be no oonirnting m placing of any racreatioml court, airplvne 1®ding
strip, billboad or other advcrtisin%diSPlay, uElitypolc, utilitytower, wMtrit or Ene eu or above
Ne tlasemeut Mee oWcr than those necessary to service the Easement Arm's impmvemm[s.
Outdoor lighiwg shall be placed asd shielded sn n to mtvimize the impact on surrounding areas.
2.3 Existinoimoro mwla. Grmtors shall have ifienght somainsain;
emodel, std repelr mietirrg etrucmres water tanks, water wells, [eon, header dams, ntilitlee,
and oMer impmvemrnte, and in the event ofthev deahuotloq to maovewa my each misting
~mprovamrnts witM1 another of simile size, fintcdoq capxcily, lowrion end material so long n
autM1oriced by Orvnge C urrty zoning regulations and comistm[with peanits rcquved by and
tssned by Orange County muter its taws and ordwevow far such rauonumuuion.
SNy Coms¢varcvn Euemem Draft 11-19-0( 10
2.4 A¢icultural Ilse. Granbrx shall hevetha fight t0 plmt, seise and harvest
crops in existing Flelda on the PasemevteUCa. Grmmis mey m[eneblish or muinWin my
commercial feeder operation ov fie Easement Area, wM1ich ie defvM for du pmpoee ofthis
Cmservatiev Easement as m intensive animatraieWg opemtimthat rakes place within a
building ¢nd none of[he feed is prodmed on the tract; and theprocessing is IWIy orpanly
aulamatcd.
2.5 Timber Hereesr. Cmpmemial timbering OClhe woodland currently
axisting on be Easement Area at the tlmcofthc iWdation of tks Covservmtov Eesemmtis
prolsibitoi. Howev¢,trees may be planb:l forharvextivg ov por0olm ofthe Easement Arm
currently used for hay crops, provided that the harvesting nf[he new tree plantings rcmaivs
emsistev[with be conservafirm goal ofpreservmg habitat far native Flom end lama. Tines may
be cleared from v pottiml ofLOt 2 ifbm oNy ifadditimal cleared laud u rcgwrW to make atotal
offive cleared acres to qualify for horticWNral use valuation, provided such clearing is
naia[m[withfie wnservatim goals o[thie Conservation Easement. OtM1¢wise, the wvodlmd
xisting at the time of hNiation of tide Coruervvtiov Easement SM1WI not be clear cut Gom either
Lot t-A ort.m 2 hen sMll remain as a habitat fornative Flom and faun.
Trees may be removed, rat and otherwise Inmwgad to control ins¢ts and disease, to provmt
pcreeml injury end properly damage, l'Or frcwood and odre[ uses, incladivg conaVUCtivn o£
permitted improvcmeme and fences an the Grantors' Property. The cutting, removal m
harvmtlng of trees, indudivg claming Imd far mltivetlov shell be spaclfioWly approved by the
Grmrtee or shall be in accordwce witM1 a Forest Mmagcmmt Plm which shall be iv writing and
approvM by boW Gmtore and Grmtee and provided funh¢. rM1at all timb¢ roads shall be
wmav¢ed ofp¢mevblematenels end shell be vo wid¢ thmtm (10) feet.
2.6 9id~ng.Gmntom shall not genes orpasture domestic ardmele on the
Easement Mea for commercial purposes. TWs shall mtpreven[the genng orpastanng of
animals fox Grantors' Or their guesm' n:cmztien, or used W camectiov with activities expressly
W1owW on the P.ascmcntArca.
27 Home R,d s. NO rosrmesciW mindustrial enterprise, oth¢Ihava
mall, home-bash business or mmrpnse associated wiN agricWtmal, horticultural, educational
or artistic activity shad be Wtowed mthe Easement Ar®. Artistic activity includes ¢afla,music,
pWnting mW othm fine ens, gerdmwg ahd oth¢ aimilm azmll-scale enterprises, so long ae these
iv kceping with preserving ahabitaz fornative Ilona and fame. Any each commercial or
indusrdal use of the Grmton' Propery must be mthorized by Orange Cowty coning tee latims
and be crosistmt wiW permits requital by and issued by Orange Cowty mderits laws and
nrctivmcee for such lend uses. _
2.R Rec[9adonallkn,Cpnsia[ent with lire purpose ofend tM1elirtdmtiom
cmmined N this Conservation Easemm5 Gmntam shell have Me nghtlv Cngage in and pemtit
others, whether ornnt fur consideration, b engage inreueetionvt uses ofthe Properly, including,
Shy Cone~erwtion Em~emem Or f 11-19-d1 11
bm not Gmitedto,hiking, picuickWg, horseback riding,non-momrizcdbicychng, lawful hunting
and fivhing, and otM1m recreational aces char require no M1uildings, futilities, svrfine eltmvtion or
other dcvclopmcutotthc land 1'mauit o[wildlifc by mry [ocm o[mownzcd teavsportatiov ie not
vllnwed. Gran~ars may also nstrvct and maintain frnca, footpmhs, and or -motorizM
vehicle [rails incidental to sm:hputpuses. Cnavtors reserves Ne right lp promW%ele mdeWbrte
sonable roles avd mgulatiovs for all activities iv<idevt to recreatioml rise of the Easevlen[
Area, Wcludiug but not Waited to the right to prohibit avy retmatiprW use that woWd permit
deslructiav of the aonecnatiov values of the Eusemmt Area.
2.9 E„ca acv lgy.'Ihcrc shall be nv Ntivg, excavatiua drWging, miving er
~trillmg vo rmnoval of lopaoil, sand, grovel, rock, peat, minerals or other materiels, mod na
change in the mpogmphy ofthe lend in avy mmmm except as vixcesary to allow a) the
wnslmetipn ofthe improvrmrnte allowed above, b) lha m:dmanmw ofmads, hiking honabwk
and von-molo@oed vehicle trails purmiued hereunder, c) the combefing of wsiml or flooding,
oriel d) the cnnstrumion nfone additiomd pond m be located approaimalely sa shown ov Exltibit
B. ihcpond shWlnot cxwNtwo acres in siia.
2.10 Destrmfon ofPlan[s. Grantvm shell have the rightmw[ai amove
diseased base, shmbs, rolha plants, erW to cm! breaks Granmrs shall also have the right to
cut and remove aces.. s}vuhs, m nthmplant to azcommodate the activities expressly allowed
under this Conservation Easement. 1L<re shall be no additional removal, harvesting, destruction
tuning aLvtivctmv, shrubs or other plants P wpt fm use around impmvemwts err iv
geNens, there shalt be vp planlivg vfnon-votive treed, sln'ubs, yr oMer plants m the Eeeemwt
Area. Purthermom, except to awuvwodatc the ulivities expressly permitted in this evsement,
Here shall be no use vffenilizers, plowing, wtroducfion of non-votive a~timals, or distmbancc or
eh®gein tltermturW habitat in v~y mmmm.
2.11 Water Oual'tva dDrn'nunv PV ems. Thmeshall be no pullmion of
surface warm, nattval water comets, lakca, ponds, marches, subsurthce water err any other water
bodies, nor shell activities be covdueted on the Easement Amer that would be deMmrntel to water
pmiTy or, except as specified broom IM1at mould alterthe natural wa[m Icvel or ^vw N or over Ne
-asemm[ Area. Other than [he constmetiov of a well to smve allowed impmvemevta avd
onsbu<Ifov of one povd within the EaecmevtArca as provided in Section 2.9 aM1wa, there shall
be m Wramnon or depletion of swfzce water, vowral worst oomeee, lakes, povda manhee,
subsmfaze wa[ermany orbs watmhodies nn the Easement Arca. Diking, drWWvg, tilting or
oval ofwetlvads is prohibited L'Ranm[9 ea therighuo exvrad warm fivm the existing
pond for irri%ation ofPlavtin&s wiWiv theE~mrc Ana.
2.14 W¢nare_No sigva or billbuaNs or othmvdvmdsingdisplays ma allowed
on the Pasenrent Area except ere follows: signs authorized by Ormge County wviag regulativvs
whose placement, number xrW design do not signiScaMly dimiWshihe scenic character ofthe
Eosamenv Araa may M1e displayed ro idwdify Ireils and the wvservmion values ofthe -uemevt
Area, to idwtify thename and adihess of me Aasemmt Area aM the names ofpemove I[ving ov
the Eaecmwl Arse, to pve direditne, ro advcgise vrtagnlah pemtitted uses on We Easement
soy cnnsmva6nn en,nn.mt n n u-Ip-m Iz
Area arW proscribe ales and regulations for rsreafional use of the pwtmted Easemml Area, m
advcrtiee the Pasemem Asea for Bale or rem, and m post the Eascivmt Fvea agawst nespasstts.
2.13 Ro Hiocides, These 6ha11 benou6e ofpesticides or biocides, including but
net IimitM N Invectldaee, fwglydtleq rodmtiddes, mtl berbiddes, except as ryuindN cavvol
ve epmiee devimevtal to the coneecvanon vetoes of the Easement Arcs, and cecept az
naradad around improvements on rha Basement Area and in existing agriwltmal fields.
2.14 No Dnm m¢. There shall be no storage or dumping oftrsah,gazbage,
ebandmed vehiples, apphmoes, maohinery, oroNtt ensigbtly oxoR'msive material,
huatdons sube[mec, or toxic wade on Ne Easement A<ce (excepttheshort-term smrage of
M1ousebvld gafiage and wade). Then sfiall be nv changing of the topography puough the placing
of roil ar other substmce or material such as ]rod fill or dredging apoils, nor shall activities be
conducted on Ne Emernevt Area or on adjacmtpropwly owned by Gmntosa, Nat could cmee
erovrov m silNdav m Ne Easrnnent ATea.
2.15 Predator Control. Gravtm6 shall have Ne rigbt to emHrol, dcetroy, or trop
prMaNry avd problem avimels Nat pose a material Duval to livestock ma/m humans by means
erW methods vpprov 1 by Ne fnav[ea The me0od employed shall be salecnve and specific to
individuals, rather Nm broadcast, mr~eelective [mbni4tsee.
2.16 Lbmm mialntmlopm nt. Fxcepa a6 oNawlSe provfdedNNib
Corvttvaion Eesemmt, all commercial or industrial use o£or activity within No Easement Area
ie prohibited Thisteslnction ovule shall not be covstmed to prohibit uee oflhe Easement Area
for reereelivnvl, educahoval and ecimtificpmposes, as long as such mfivities are wrlerlaken on
a noncommcrcisl base and oNetvnee consietmr wish [Iris Covsmatiov Easement.
2.17 Development Riehta Withrhe exception aPNedght la mvstmet and use
buildings expre6sly authorized elsewhtte in Nis Cmserva0on Easement, C toss convey m
GaNee all devetopmerrt righh that arc vow m httcafter ellocazM to, implied, reamed or
inM1mmt in Ne Easement Area, and Ne parties agree Nat 6acll rights ate tttminated rod
ex[ingwshed, vW may not be used on or transmitted m any portion of the Hasemcnt Area, es it
now orhereaftes may be bowded m dexribed, or to my oNm pwpesty.
3. ADDITPo6AL WGHTS HN:TAINED BV C.MN'lORg. Grantors retain the
Collowwg addimral nght6:
(a) Exisfin¢[Saes. Tha rightN Unamlake or contiwe mY actlvilY Or nee of[he
EascmmtAma not prohibit~by tltis Conservation Easanmt. Prim to making rosy chavgew
usecf Ne Easvnmt Area, Grmtom shalt notify Grmtea vs wdtivg to allow Granroe a removable
appatntrity to determine wheNen such cEmga wavld violate Ne terms oPthis Cwficrvatiov
Eaaemeni.
Shy Conservaton Fasemenr Drhlt-l9-01 13
(b) Trmsf .The right ro sell, give, mongagc, Icase, or otherwise convey Ne
Easement fvice subject to Ne tertva of [his Conservation F.asemmt. Ownership of Parcel l-A
and any so-anwres lowkd vv Parcel l-A, including We msidevccmwhich the Grantors cummLLy
[esido, shalt rcmaw in Cxevmrs'f 'ly aflttthe Crenmrs'death lM1wughom thelives oftheir
children and gandchildrm, and may be sold to persons who aze not mcmbtte ofthe Gmily ofthe
Gmn[ore oNy when ibe last survivor ofke chiltlrm or gandchildrm ofthe Grantors agrees to
sell it. Upon thedeelh olboN Cxmtors (Carl M. and Hva Carol Shy), or atm earhm time iflbe
Cnavtore eo choose, the 18.62-acre Parcel I-H will heconvgdl without mst m the VoM
C:wline Botanical Gardcv Fowdafion (NCSGPh or ifNCBGF does not accept oumvatip, m
Glmke Por management by its Enviwrvnmt and Reawrw Covsorvadon Depertmant (E1tCD).
If Pared 1-B is convey d to Grenteq Gwrnee agrees to continue w use Parcel 1-H wnsuknt
witM1 the conservetiw purposes and msldctiooa contawcd iv this Covservefion Easement
mcludingpm erving it as heEimt for native flora and fauna. This objective eecludw thence of
the laud for sportinS cvmts, cempirtS, walk collwtiov ordisposal, or othtt activities thaz would
be incompatible witE habi[Ipreservalion. PuMermore Grenrors and Gantee aerce that thcy
will not se8 or convry Parcel t-B b any pvvaze for-profit or commercial party or to the Orange
Water and Sewer AUtlrority. Grvrtors may acll or EOnvey LOt2ro otherpama, rxcepting the
Ormrse Water aM Sewer Authority, and thehhehs may do likewise after the dralh of[he
Grantors.
(e) R~htofAfcecs. Pevrenm[fi0 fe0. wide npp4ef-nceess to Bradshaw Quany
Road for lots rrow existing orhaeeRer created included in the Easement Area shell be via CasteF
Lwe as ahowv on Exhibit 8 anti on We plat rewrded az Plal Bovk~ Pagc _, Omvge
Covnry Registry.
4. GRANT£F.'3 RIGHT6. Tv aooomplish fire puryose ofthie Conservation
Eascmcnt tltc followivS riShts arc gmtcd to Grantor by tWs ConsavaEOO Eascmmh
(a) Rid~tW Yro c. lha rightmpresarve end protm[the conservation values oflha
Pssement Area end enforce the terms o[fhie Coruavetiov Hasanmt.
(b) RirRt nfFnlrv. G[vtlce ila employees, representatiee4 and'egenle anti its
and msigna have the right, aflerprior wnvm notice to Granors, to
enter the Protected EasemmtA¢astkaat oneeycerly for the pnryoses of (a)
inspectign, the pmteckd Eescvrmt Atu to dcteimive whcthcr Nc Grantors, their
repseaevktive aasigva, heirs and suc omplying with the covamta
and purposes ofthis Consttvstion Easement aM (b) mnnioring sod research as
described below.
(e) Mon'mrine and-Res arch Theright, but not the obhgariw,to movimr the native
plant and wildlife populations, plmt cornmurdties and natural habitats ov the
Eaeemratt Arca. Gmtors agree that all monitoring activity, invmmry and
merit work nr other natural resource research coMUC[etl by the Cantors or
othtte shell b[xcportctl to 111E Grantce.
$fiy Coruervaaon Enaemwr Os ~ ll-lY-01 14
(d) ManeA mt vfAxoda6 and Nvasive Snmles. lTe right, but vv[Ne obagatloq tv
control, mevage or destroy exotic non-rta[ivc spa[ c sp¢[ s ofplmts
end mimuls that thtaetm the conservation values ofthe Helen ant Area Grmrcee
will coruutt with Gravrom prior to implementing cvmrol acuvihes.
Cnmtee shall, to the stem pemsitted by law avd to Ne exunt ofwverage available fmm policies
olio unUinad by Grannie fmmtimetatim4indamnity and hvltl Gmn[ma hazmlas
finmsanY tiabiliry, tlamxgqloss, wstmexpevse, including reasonable atrorvey's foes, Im
persoml NI'ar5' or OmpanY damage (inclndm8 damage tv the Easanm[ Area) to Grantors or any
thirdpahy, resulting in any manner from Grantee's exemise o(any ofits rights hereunder.
5. RESPONSffiIWTIE8 OE GRANTORAND CIUNTEE NOT AEEICCTP:D.
Oilier Nov as specified herein, this Cvvaervafiov Eaavnmt ie vot mtendW tv impose avy legal or
vNar rasponsibiliry on the Granors, or in anywaym aBa~t any existing obligation ofUe
Ganura se ovmtta ofNc Eeawmt Arc¢. Amwgathtt tlvvga, Nib shall aPPlyto:
(aJ Tazes-1Te Grevtm shall be solely responsible fnrpayment of alltazes and
a66C66mant6lCVICd agam6[ NC Eeamlml AlCb
(b) Uplaep and Maivtmmce-9be Gmnlm shell h¢ve no oblgaton for Na upkeep yr
aivtmmcc ofNa Easement Area 'Ilia grmtmg of this Coneeovation Easement
sb¢Ilnvtin and ofirsalfbe censisued ro meats vrimpvmupvv Ne Gtmrocs any
obligation far Ne upkeep or maN[mancc otthe Easemem Area exceptty the
pmt elsewhaa regnir~by tbu Conservation Easement.
fi. ACCESS. Na fight of access by Ne gmval public m any portion of the
Easavent Area is mnvryed Dy thisCmsesvativn Easement. Hvwcveq NC public has the rightro
cw the Ememmt Arca(mm adjoerntpublmly aooessible areas sucM1 upublicmade and
waterways.
7. F.M"ORCETfG.NT.The Grmtee shall have Ne right tv pmvm[and wriest
vivletiove o[Nc tcvns o(Nis Censewvtioo Aeswnent.
(a) Witfi advanw wnhan movies Ne Grantee may inter Ne Easement Arw for the
propose ofimpating far violations. IfNe Gevue finds a violation, it may, in its discretion,
take appmpriale legal action Hxccpt whenm vnBVNg or imminem violation mould substantially
diminish or impair the cvr~servativn values of Ne Hasemmt Area, Nc Gavtec shall give the
Gronror wxihm notice ofthe violation and sixty (60) days to correct it (vrbegin good fa'N
eRehs to corrwt m Ne event Ne violation u ewacthing which evmot b<reesonably camec[W N
sLxry (60) day6) Dafore filing any legal actions Grantee has NengM ro eNome Ne terms of this
Coneeavation Easement by civil action, inclnding Ne remedy of ivjvnctivn mmdabry and
prohibitory. The failure of[he Gsantee to diswva a violation or to take immNima legal vdion
shall vot baz it Gom doingwazalatmhme.
sny cnm~anenn ea,emenl rn-Ru-iv-m fs
(b) Cnmtce shall rot tiling any action against Grartbrs fol wy Wjmyor change to
the Eaenmml Area caused by NiM partas, or Iuvhiug Gomattsas beymW Na Gmntma' control,
including; withcut limitation, foe, flood, storm and natmapy cwscd earth movement, or Lom
my pmdrnt auiov taken in good fiitM1 by the Gmnuus wider emergency eonditipgs m prevent,
abate, or mltlgate eignifiowt injury ro life, d®egc w Lhe Basement Ama or harm m the '
Easement Ara seullmg from sucF action.
8. TRAN6FER OF EASEMEN I'. Theparties rewgnize wtl affiee that the benefits
otthis cascmmt arein goes and assignable. TM1e Grmhe shall have the light to transfer of
assign This Conservadon Fasanrnt to avy qualified olgm~izatioq excluding Ne Or'wge Water
and Sewer Authoriry, that, ache time uftrmafer, is a "qualified organization" wrier 6wdon
100(h) o[Ne IIS_Inlemal Revmw Cedcwd provided Ne vrgnWZation expressly egrets m
me the responmbility imposed mthe Gmtee by thin Consorvation Eavommt. HNC Gmvla
ae to geis[ o[ vo longer qualifies wider 6ec. 100(M1) or applicaM1lestam law, a court with
jurssdicaiiw is hereby auNadzM m vmsferthis easement re woNu gnatificd orgwivtion
M1aving similazpurposes that egees to assume the mspwsibility.
Y. TRANSFER OFEASF,MF.NT AREA. 6rwtore shall wtify Grantee, in
writing, at leart tlrirty(30)days prier [o wycouvrywce by Granmrs of theF emrnt Area or
avy mtelert m Na Haeanent Arae and the document ofwnvcymec shall expxaely rokr ro Eais
Conservation Eaamtent any by it terms, the convcyanw alall bemade subject m and
sobordinazebtlUS COVServetion Easement.
]0. AMENDMENT OF EA6EMENT. 1Ns easemart maybe ammtlM Onlywith
the written consent o[Gmmor and Grwtee Any such amrndatent shell be wnaietrnt with the
purposes of this Owservanon Easement and shall comply with 6a. 1]0(hJ of the InlomW
Rev ue Coda, anyregulatiom promWgated in aewrdww with Natsxtiw. Any such
endment shell else be wmisteut wiN Ne Uniform Covservadon ®rd Histaic Preservatlon
Agrcemrnts Act, N.C. Gem Stut. ~ 121-34 et aeq., o[ mY mgulmionePmmW%azcd Purauml w
that law. the Grmlor and Grantee have vc right or power to ages to avy ammdmenl Nal would
uHeu the mforceabiliry ofthis Conscrvalipn EawmaW.
11. TERNtNATION OF EASEhffiNT. Hi[ia determined Nat conN[iovs ov or
urrowdin%Ne Easement Area M1eve ebwacd w much Nat it is impossible lu lulfill Ne
ervetinn purpose set forth above, a wort wirhjulisdicnonmay, et Nejomt request ofboN
Nc Grwtol and Grantee, tesminaze this Covearvmim Evsament
If condemmazion ofa pert of Ne Eaxemev[ Ara or ofthe entire Pssemmt Areahy public
authority rendeta it impossible w fulfill any oRhae wvservefipn purpose, Nc Couscrvatlon
Easement may be terminated byacoortwifhjmieNation.
At the time of the wnvayanceeflhe Covservatlon Eearwmt to the (hwtaa, this
Cpnservalion Easement gives rise to a reel Hasemant Areu right, immediately va[ed iv rtes
SNy Conservation Dvsemenr Dry ]I-I9-OI lfi
Cswtea If[he aacemrnt is tvmibated mtd the Easement Area is sold or nkrn Por public usG
then, as requhed by Sec. 1.1]OA-14(gj(~ of[he H25 regulation6, the Grantee 61w11 be entitled to
a pemwtage vCIM1e gosh saleproceede orwndmtnatiov award (minas wy amowe atbibuled m
impmvmncota nude efts the date oftho wnveyancc, which emowt shall bereserved m Ne
Gravmn), rynal to the rmio oftbe appraisal value ofthis easemrnt to the wreseicted fair market
value of the EasementAroa asthcae values am dc[cnrdned ov the date ofthie Conservation
Has ant. The Grantee anau wetne Proeeeda wnaatwny wiin me wnservation pmpoa aor
tld6 COMCNahon Ha6¢men[.
12. INTERPRETATION. Ttie Cweervahon EaeameN sbaH be ivtemratal under
the laws of North Carolina, rttolving wy ambiguities end gve6tiore otth validity o£speci5c
provisiws aamgive maximwv eII'ect to its conservation Pwposes.
13. TITLE. The Grmton cavcnm[and represent that they are the sole owners and
aed of the Easement Area in fee simple and M1ave goodrigJtt to gent wtl convey llus
Cconeervation Eascmenq tbaz the Easemrnt Area is fine and clear ofwy mmtgvges not
wboffiineted m tbis Cdnsavatiov Heaemevt, wd that the Grevtcc aM1dt hevethevse of ®d enjoy
sll tlrc brneLte derived Pam vnd arising vm of this Cvvaervetivv 6aeavevt, aabjeot m wy
em®rnla or ewmnbravcca of rward.
14. NOTICES. Any votioas raq¢irN M1yahis Ovvsarvatiw Hasema¢t shall be iv
vmidvg mdsha116epersmuHy dcfivucd orernt by tint close mail, to Grenrors and Gruitee,
re6pemively, at [he following addresses, unless aparty Ms been noticed by the othm of a c}tange
ofaddress.
io the Grantors: io the Gmvtee:
Carl M. w3 Eve Carol Shy Orange Cowa[y E¢viromvmt wd
6626 Rradsnaw Quarry Road Resource Conservation Departmrnt.
EDend, NC 29243 Crmlge COVVry, NvrtM1 CUOliva
P.O. Box 8181
Hillsbwmigla, NC 2]2]8
I5. ENVDIONMENTAECONDITION. The Cnwtorwartwts that itnmwactuel
kwwtedge vfv release or threamved release ofhazardone subetence6 or wanes on the Gsemwt
Area
lfi. SEVERABIEITY. Deny provision oftlus Conservation Hazement is tawdry be
mvelid, the remaining pmvisivns sball cot be altered thereby.
12 PARTIES. Hvery provision ofthis Conservation Easement dmt apppaa to tfie
GraI11016 or Cnwtec shell also aPPN to tbair resPmlive ndrs, exewmn, aaminievarors, esaigoe,
coal alt other successors as they interest may appear. This Comervation Easemem sltall not be
.SM1y Conservation Ensemmt D fi Ld9-01 1]
onsvucd to bmeHt or to create anyrignre w any Wdrd paztics, WcltsdW6 bu[ not limited ro Ne
general puM1lic.
l6. It WRECOROING. In vNer m ensure the perpetual mfrceehiEty oCWe
Coneavatiov Evecmmq We Gmntcc is avihoriud to re-raoN this metlvmmt or any other
appropriate notice or instrument
'19. MERGER Theparties agree thatlhetmms u[thie Conservation Easvnmtehell
sprvsve any merger ofthe fee and eesmtmt interest in the 2asemmt Area.
30. EllBBEQIIENT LIENS ON EASEMENT AREA. No provisions of this
Conservation Easement should be eonetmed az impairing the ability of Ormrota ro uee We
Easement Arco az collatual for sttbscqumt borrowwg, provided That any mortgage or tiro aziswg
ficm such a bunuwmg is made subuNinate m this Conservation Easement.
21. EXB]BITB AND DOCIIDpENTATION.
(a) Doc enrols[im Revoxt. Thcpertics acknowledge [hat [hc Covacrvation Eeacmmt
Yrasmt Condition Report dated Novmnbec.2UUl, a copy oPwhich is ov Hla v the offices of the
Grantee, awumtely establishes [Fe uses, stmctmes, covswadon values and wvdifiov of the
protected Easement Mea as of[he dare hereof See summary attached ee Bxkibit A.
(b) Eumre Subtlivision and Cmsmmdov. ExhibitH is asurveymap showwg Ne
cor5gumhon of the pxopary owner by the Gcauroca and fie proposed future subdivision of[hc
Property owned by the Gmurors. TLemop also shows the approximate location ofa forma
residence [M1a[maybe consvucred nn Lnt 2 and the approximate locafim ofa Wmrepond tbat
may beeonatrud~m[hc Easement Arw.
22. ENTIRR ACREEM1IBNT. TIus Wstmmcnt eels fmhthe mthc egromnmt olthc
parties wiW respell to the Conservation Esaemcnt and supersedes ell prior ~tiscussivne,
vegoliatiorvs wderstavdings or agar, rots rclatingmthe Cnnservetivn Easement. ifany
provision is Cvmd to berovWid, the remainder of the provisions o[thie Conservation Eesemaq
and [Fe appllcmivn of svcM1 provvsion to persorm' ac uhvhmstauccs oNa then Woes ae to which it
is fwd to be invaNd, shall not be effited Weroby.
23. ACCEPTANCE M-D EFFF,CTIVF. pATF.. As attested by the Clerk of We
Gravure and the signemre ofi6 autlwrized reprvsmtativc affixed heado, the Grmtec Mmby
acccPro wiNout mscrvation the rights and respuasihilities mnvryed by Wis Conservation
Eazemmt. TM1is Omsarvatim Pasement isrobe effativc lhedele rergrdeA in the Ormge County
Regishy of Deeds.
26. ATTORNEY'S FRE6.ln opnvcUiov with any Htigation ansmg ou[ofihis
ConheU, fie prevailing patty shall be mulled to rccwer firm tFe oMa pare' ell vests inearre.9
by it, mGUdmg reaevneble atromays' fees, which shall include fees on appeal.
.Shy Conservation F.mnment Ah 11-19-0/ 18
TO HAVE AND TO HOLD, [bie Cnavt of Conservation Easement mto the said Gcmtce
forever.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, 1be Grenbrs and Grantaa, intandi~g to legally bmd
themeelves, have sn Neic haode ou the date Eret wrinen above.
GRANTORS:
Carl Michael5hy
Amepted:
Eve Carol Shy
GRANTEE:
ORANGE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Hy:
Barty lambs, Chan
annge cnnmy aoam of corn.nieaioners
ATTEST:
8evaly A. Blythe, Clafk m the
Boazd of Commiasiouers
Shy Conservation Eaeemmr praJr 11-l9-0/ 19
STATE OF NORTH CA1tOLWA
COLNI'y OF ORANGE
Avknowled8mente
1, - .aNVlary YUblicmand for Said Cauvty avd Stffic do
M1ereby ceetlfy tbat and persorally appeared
bcfDlc me this day and duly acknowledged the exwatiav oLthe fore8one Conservation
Easement
WfdEtiS my Nand avd notarial Seel, dusDay of __ y00.
(seep
Nomry Public
My camnission expvcs:
(Notmy Seal)
NORTH CAROLINA
COInJTV OP ORANGE
I, a Notary Public of the Comsty ald 5 Wte of resaid, cMify [hat-everly A. Hlylhe
yasovally came before me this day and acknowledged that she is Clerk b the Board of
EOmmI6610n0R for Oran3e County. NoAi CarDlwa avd That by authority dilly glom avd as We
acl otsud County, Ne forc8oivg in6tmmeut was v8ned in its name by the Chan of said Hoard of
Commissioners and a[lested byhar as CIvYk b amd-oaN of COVmrisfiionere.
Witvess my hand and ofACfal stamp msenl, live ihe_dey o! 200
NDtary Pubhc
My commimov expves:
Shy Conservarion Pavemmf Dr P U-19-01 20
EXHIBLSA PRESENT CONDPIION REPORT (SUAAMAAY)
EXHlBI"C B. SURVEY SHOWE~GPOTEN'LIAL PUTURE VERMISSIBLE
DEVELOPMEM