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HomeMy WebLinkAboutCFE 100801 OCT - 42001 Memorandum To : Commission for the Environment From : Julie Tucker , Chair Date : October 1 , 2001 Re : October 8 , 2001 Meeting Agenda Please find attached the agenda and materials for the next meeting of the Commission for the Environment , on Monday, October S, 2001 7 : 30 p . m . Southern Human Services Center 2505 Homestead Road Chapel Hill , NC If you have questions , or will be unable to attend , please contact Carol Melton ( 245 - 2597 , cmelton@co . orange . nc . us ) by the Friday before the meeting . ) i } � � t - -rrr-....tea . � - ���__ . .-„� � -. � ; t� Tiyt (+ ! { i � : i jt i � � • � � sty ,� AGENDA Orange County Commission for the Environment October 8 , 2001 7 : 30 p . m . Southern Human Services Center 2505 Homestead Road , Chapel Hill , NC Time Pg # Item 7 : 30 I . Call to Order 7 : 32 1 II . Approval of Minutes ( September 10 ) 7 : 35 III . Breakout Sessions Each committee needs to discuss the writing of the upcoming State of the Environment progress report ( due December) , in addition to other topics ( Lands Legacy- BRC, Board of Health comments — WRM ) . 8 : 45 IV. Lands Legacy Annual Action Plan 2002 - 2003 Receive and discuss recommendation from the Biological Resources Committee , schedule for action in November . 8 : 55 V. Bond Education Committee Update 9 : 00 VI . Adjournment ( Next meeting November 12 ) COUNTY OF ORANGE COMMISSION FOR THE ENVIRONMENT Draft Summary of Meeting September 10, 2001 Held at Orange County Southern Human Services Center, Chapel Hill , NC Members Present : Julie Tucker ( Chair) , Mark Smith , Roy Fortmann , Laura Cotterman , Johnny Randall , Hervey McIver, Dan Okun , Lee Rafalow , Chris Wachholz , Annette Jurgelski . Commissioner Alice Gordon . Excused Absences . Cara Crisler, Richard Pratt Visitors : Ben Hitchings and Barry Starfield Staff Present : David Stancil , ERCD Director ; Rich Shaw , Land Conservation Manager ; Carol Melton ERCD staff I . Call to Order . Chair Tucker called meeting to order at 7 : 40 p . m . and welcomed new member Johnny Randall . Everyone introduced himself or herself and noted which committee they are serving on . Tucker noted a change in the agenda format to promote more productivity of committee breakout sessions during regular meeting time . Stancil reported that Ben Hitchings from the Triangle J Council of Governments was on hand to provide information on the Cost of Community Services study process ongoing in Wake County . This item was added to the agenda . II . Approval of Minutes ( August 13 , 2001 ) . MOTION : Fortmann motioned approval of August 13th minutes . Seconded by Rafalow . VOTE : Unanimous . III . Cost of Community Services Studies . Tucker noted that in August the CFE postponed the item regarding Cost of Community Services ( COCS ) studies due to lack of quorum . She introduced Ben Hitchings from the Triangle J Council of Governments . Hitchings gave an overview of COCS studies , describing them as a " snapshot in time " of local government costs versus revenues associated with different types of land use . He noted that many communities are interested in knowing what different land uses are contributing to the fiscal balance in the community . Hitchings said concerns raised over whether farmers and forestland owners benefiting from the use value taxation program were contributing their share of taxes led the American Farmland Trust ( AFT ) to analyze the contributions of these lands to communities compared with the public services provided to these same land holders . AFT developed a methodology that is being used around the country . Hitchings passed out a summary of over 70 studies done in different states . Hitchings said COCS studies provide baseline information to help local officials and citizens make informed land use and policy decisions . COCS studies focus on farmland , forestland DRAFT - Meeting Summary Page 1 of 5 CFE September 10 , 2001 and open space . Municipal records are reorganized to assign the cost of local public services to privately owned farm , forest and open lands , as well as residential , commercial and industrial lands . The result is a set of ratios - that compare the annual income to the annual expenditures for different land uses . Hitchings said Wake County 's COCS ( now underway ) is one of the first in North Carolina . A coordinated Triangle regional COCS had been considered , but the different counties were on different timetables and funding was an issue . Wake County was ready to begin and researchers from NC State provided cost savings . The study is going through final review for release to county commissioners later this month . It was found that farmland and forestland is a significant net contributor to the local fiscal balance with the use value assessment being taxed as resource value . Hitchings then answered questions from the CFE . He agreed to share copies of the final Wake County report as soon as it is released . He offered that the Triangle J COG would be willing to serve as a project manager for an Orange County study if that was desirable . Hitchings noted that one idea of a possible expansion of a base study might be to further analyze the benefits of a purchase of development rights program . Stancil noted that the Agricultural Preservation Board ( APB ) has been interested in the COCS issue for several years and that the CFE Environmental Indicators/ Education Committee may want to consider coordinating an effort with the APB . Stancil said he would gauge interest in this idea from the APB at their next meeting . Tucker thanked Hitchings for his report . IV . Joint Ordinance Work — Planning Board Stancil proposed forming a work group comprised of members from the CFE and the Planning Board to evaluate issues and make recommendations related to a potential light pollution ordinance , the County 's existing Environmental Impact Ordinance , and forest harvesting issues that have been discussed over the past two years . Stancil gave reasons for a coordinated effort between the two boards . It was suggested that both boards appoint two to three members to work on separate committees about each of the three issues . Stancil said he would speak with Planning Director Craig Benedict about forming a joint CFE/ Planning Board committee to work on these issues of mutual interest . For light pollution , CFE members decided that the Planning Board should take the lead , as they are the lead agency in implementing , and send over their proposal for CFE comment and input . The CFE identified the following members to work on these ad hoc committees : Light Pollution Ordinance : Mark Smith , Julie Tucker Environmental Impact Ordinance : Lee Rafalow , Chris Wachholz , Julie Tucker Forestry : Hervey McIver , Laura Cotterman The idea of enlisting citizen volunteers to work on committees was discussed . Alice Gordon recommended that there be a systematic approach to involving non - commission members . DRAFT - Meeting Summary Page 2 of 5 CFE September 10 , 2001 The AFLEV Work Group was given as a successful example of how this could work . Tucker said she would follow - up on this issue for the next meeting . Tucker suggested that in the committee breakout sessions CFE members talk about their participation in these joint Planning Board - CFE ad hoc committees before going on other issues and goals for the next six months . There was further discussion of the many different ongoing projects . Stancil noted that the format of the State of the Environment Progress Report still needs to be addressed . Dan Okun noted that the CFE needs to reply to the Board of Health ' s comments on the Water Resources Committee report and that the CFE Water Committee needs to get started on its work to address the County ' s water management issues . Rafalow noted that he is interested in working on the Water Committee as well as the EIE Committee . Tucker suggested that Rafalow and Okun work together on the reply to the Board of Health . Rafalow could then join Tucker and Wachholz in their work to address the Environmental Impact Ordinance . Tucker suggested that the CFE focus its efforts in October on the State of the Environment Report , especially in the break out session . Fortmann noted that the progress report is due in November to be ready for the BOCC work session in December . The CFE needs to agree on the format , scope and context . Fortmann reviewed the discussion from the August meeting in which it was agreed that a progress report be prepared in alternate years . The 2001 report should re - state the goals and recommendations from last year 's report , identify any additional goals generated , provide a brief report on progress made and current status , and conclude with any plans for next year . The 2002 report will be a full State of the Environment Report with a focus on sustainability and environmental indicators . Fortmann said he would send out an example via e - mail . MOTION : Wachholz made motion to go forward with the off- year progress report plan as stated and postpone the full State of the Environment report until 2002 . Seconded by McIver . VOTE : Unanimous Tucker then asked the committees to meet for 30 minutes and to report back to the full commission . V . Breakout Sessions The breakout sessions were conducted for 45 minutes . Upon coming back together , the committee appointments were discussed with the members choosing as follows . Air Quality Environmental Indicators / Education Fortmann , Chair Crisler , Chair Smith Jurgelski Tucker Rafalow Wachholz DRAFT - Meeting Summary Page 3 of 5 CFE September 10 , 2001 Biological Resources Water McIver , Chair Okun , Chair Cotterman Rafalow Randall ( Pratt ) ( Wachholz ) Committee Reports . Okun reported on behalf of the Water Committee . A response to the Board of Health and the WRC Report would be drafted for the CFE meeting in October . He also requested that the CFE invite Pat Davis , water specialist at the Triangle J Council of Governments , to the November meeting . McIver reported on the Biological Committee 's work . Rafalow reported on the EIE discussions . Smith reported on the Air. Quality 's goals . WATER • Draft response to Board of Health ( & WRC recommendations ) by October • Invite Pat Davis ( TJCOG ) to November meeting • Availability of water and disposal of waste water - Where might this be done ? - Mechanism to be proactive in addressing new developments • Continuing WRC items - Need for more information to assess what goes on BIOLOGICAL • Inventory of Natural Areas to be completed by Summer 2002 • Natural Areas Element should be delayed to incorporate Inventory results . BRC will continue its work and complete draft by Spring 2002 • Work with Planning board on forestry issues ; educate them on work to date • Lands Legacy - identify priority areas for the 2002 - 03 action plan EIE ( Rafalow requested more staff support ) • Complete the Environmental Indicators Report • Public Education Materials • Bond Education DRAFT - Meeting Summary Page 4 of 5 CFE September 10 , 2001 AIR QUALITY • Light Pollution • Use BOCC goal - Vehicle emissions - county fleet - Status report - Alternative Fuel Vehicles - Long Range plan for emissions reduction • Emissions Inventory ( L - T ) • Open Burning / monitoring • Goals 2002 SOE Finally , Tucker reminded everyone to bring a copy of the SOE report to next meeting . VI . Lands Legacy Annual Action Plan Stancil suggested that CFE charge the Biological Resources Committee with discussing ideas for sites to include in the Lands Legacy Action Plan 2002 - 03 and to develop a draft proposal for the CFE to vote on at the next meeting . Tucker agreed with that proposal and offered it to the CFE for consideration . MOTION : Rafalow motioned for the Biological Resources Committee to prepare draft proposal of recommendations for the Lands Legacy action plan 2002 - 03 for the CFE to take action at the October meeting . Seconded by Smith . VOTE : Unanimous VII . Next Meeting ( October 8, 2001 ) Lands Legacy Action Plan , SOE Progress Report VIII . Adjournment The CFE adjourned at 10 : 00 p . m . DRAFT - Meeting Summary Page 5 of 5 CFE September 10 , 2001 Additional Information Items Commission for the Environment October 8 , 2001 Agenda �. .,,, � �� i I i I � . I i High Performance Buildings " Green building " is a loosely defined collection of land-use , building and interior design , and construction strategies that reduces environmental impacts . Benefits of building green include • reduced energy , water, and materials consumption , and associated costs • protection of ecosystems , and • improved occupant health and productivity . These articles from past issues of Envirownental Building News provide an overview and introduction to green building . • Green Building Priorities http : //www . buiIdinggreen . com/features/4 - 5 /prionties . html • Green Building Checklist http : //www . buiIdinggreen . com/ebn/checklist . html • Building Materials : What Makes a Product Green ? http : //www . buildinggreen . com/ebn/cheeklist . htm ] • Building Green on a Budget http oHwww . buildinggreen . com/features/lc/low cost , html This is a terrific , comprehensive listing of 101 Sustainable Design Web Resources http : //www . fpm . wisc . edu/campusecology/Does/Sust . % 20Web % 2OResources . htm Here is a brand new site on Sustainable Lands & Buildings in North Carolina http : //www , sustainabiene . org/thewaytogo/ Here is information on Environmentally Friendly Building Materials and Products http : //oikos . com/products/ These are Product Reviews conducted by Environmental Building News http : //www . buildinggreen . com/products/productslist . html North Carolina is a leader in using daylight in schools . To find a site near you , http : //innovativedesign . net If you are interested in certification programs , checklists , and case studies , see • Triangle J High Performance Building Guidelines http : //www . tjcog . dst . nc . us/hpgtEpf. htm and • US Green Building Council , Leadership In Energy & Environmental Design (LEED ) http : //www . usgbe . org,/- If you want to recycle construction and demolition waste , see this market directory http : //www . p2pays . org/ dmim/dmrm . asp If you want to specify that a contractor recycle construction and demolition waste , see http : //www . tjcog . dst . nc . us/cdwaste . htm and http : //www . epa . gov/rtp/new -bldc,y- old/envtfeat/ s 01690 . htm +++ + ++++ +++ + +++ ++++++ + ++++ ++ +++ ++ ++++ ++ ++ ++ +++ ++ +++ +++ ++ ++ +++ + Follow up on Green Building Videos Pennsylvania ' s First Green Building http : //www . gggc . state . pa . us/building/newbldg . htm EPA ' s New Campus Facility at Research Triangle Park http : //www . epa . gov/rtp/new - bldg/index . htm Catawba College Center for the Environment http : //www . catawba . edu/ENVIRON/center . htm Compiled by Cindy Pollock Shea , Sustainability Coordinator , UNC - - Chapel Hill L%ft cz IN 1M�1 c0 w y 'b O Rai O O O Q Orb V cz , ram-, p � u . � .d ' W O 6904 c� CG C O cxj "C w O Omuc V • . cCJ � cn O • � 'L7 9 N O (y . 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C . 86 $ 1 . 2 million IFIFFIFI1110" . I • New middle school for the * Cedar Grove District Park : ; ,; �;OF ' ', `" Orange County school system : :, , , ;,�� $ 1 . 2 million , ,;�,i ,Z 1 $ 18 . 5 million • Fairview Park : $ 850 , 000 to Ot • • Orange County school • Efland = Cheeks Park : lot OFF renovations : $ 900 , 000 $ 250 , 000 * Chapel Hill - Carrboro school . Smith Middle School Park : renovations : $ 2 million p> $ 250 , 000 IF PARKS AND OPEN SPACE : $20 million ® AFFORDABLE HOUSING : $4 million • Lands Legacy : $ 7 million ® TWO SENIOR CENTERS : $4 million * Homestead Road Aquatics FROM STAFF REPORTS I OF , said . "All we ' re trying to do is pro- ® � tect the sanctity of the tax dollars . " Hillsborough Mayor Horace ° CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1 B ,. , _ Johnson said he hopes commis - :. ,: Last week, commissioners dis - sioners will trust town officials ' 1 .' , cussed their desire for joint ap - judgment. The town, along with the IFI proval with the town 111 in such mat- county, co - owns land that could ` ters as park planning, construction receive $ 850 , 000 for the Fairview I Fit and design for projects that receive Park project . . However, they were "As long as we have an equal say county dollars IF ; d concerned about appearing to in what takes place , I don' t aadve a IF 04, :' ` usurp the towns ' authority in the problem with lt, Johnson s • •:, review process . . ;; : " I don' t want to be accused of mi- Staff writer Stephaan Harris can be reached 'Able cromanaging anything, " Halkiotis at 932 .2015 or sharris@newsobserveGcom L OF ' F it j`% k64 : i it It I I ; ,'• • " • * • •Ivy w lip IN of � • � ' ' ' rI t . 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Y . 1 IN • • • • • 1 • • . • • • • . • • a .V7,01 ( PAGE 2 :3 }9 i f r 3c�F lY "ATP '. ,L = . t+ = Y : Where ` doesrYwastewater ?01 a" o ?, - `} > tt try wV -AA T -. 117 ( schematic diagram -- not drawn to scale ) Mason Farm Wastewater Treatment ' [ Plant Manhole re IT - — Treated G ; ,,4 ft Effluent ravl �;_ sewer M 9w = " Ago Residential 0146 aln Morgan Service Lateral c� 1 Creek.�,I SJ� Gravi flow � 4{�S (to Jordan Lake ) Sewer Main ,I�o� Pump Station Characteristics of the Wastewater Management System Total wastewater volume received in 2000 -01 3 . 1 billion gallons IN Sewer mains maintained by OWASA 280 miles Number of pump stations 27 Number of manholes about 8 , 000 Wastewater Spills In 2000 - 01 , there were nine wastewater overflows in The total volume of the overflows equalled only about 0 . 1 % of our wastewater collection system . ( Please see the table the 3 . 1 billion gallons of wastewater received in the OWASA below. ) system from July 1 , 2000 through June 30 , 2001 . Causes of spills What we do to prevent spills ♦ Stormwater enters sewers through cracks and breaks , ♦ Inspect and repair, renovate or replace sewers and pump stations increasing volume of flows beyond pipe capacity, as needed to eliminate leaks and increase system capacity. ♦ Grease accumulates in sewers , causing blockages . ♦ Inspect and clear sewers with cutting and flushing equipment . Educate customers about proper grease disposal . ( See page 4 . ) ♦ Tree and shrub roots grow over time into sewer lines , ♦ Clear sewer easements to keep roots away from sewers ; limit creating blockages . plantings allowed along easements . - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - ♦ Operate a continuous monitoring and alarm system ; maintain and ♦ Pumps stop working due to loss of power, power repair pumps ; use permanent and portable generators for back- up surges , mechanical failure , etc . power ; replace pump stations with gravity sewers when practical ; monitor and inspect pump stations to identify improvement needs . Month Spills Gallons Causes Effects Corrective actions July 3 3 , 009 , 500 Intense storm * , grease in sewer, No substantial or lasting Follow- up actions depend on equipment malfunctions effects , such as fish kills , the cause and severity of the are known . Overflows spill and may include clean - August 1 25 Grease and roots in sewer main which occur during in - up and disinfection ; inspec- September 2 1767000 Equipment malfunction , debris in sewer tense storms are diluted tion and clearing of mains ; in - by stormwater. Spills that creased maintenance ; repair, December 1 240 Deterioration of sewer main do not occur during renovation or replacement of March 1 50 Grease and roots in sewer main storms are small and pipes ; and in some cases , the June 1 1 , 880 Storm , leaks at pump station may be recaptured be - replacement of sewers or fore they reach creeks or pump equipment with larger Total 9 31187 , 695 or 0 . 1 % of total wastewater volume streams . capacity facilities . * Please see the additional information on page 4 regarding the overflow at the Rogerson Drive pump station . ( There were no overflows in the months of October, November, January, February, April or May. ) PAGE 3 a ; , .0 Wastewater Treatment r s ` i1 The Mason Farm Wastewater Treatment Plant is next to Morgan Creek near the University ' s Finley Golf Course . The Mason Farm plant uses biological , chemical and physical processes to cleanse wastewater and return highly treated water to the natural environment of Morgan Creek . OWASA is required to operate the treatment plant in accord with a permit issued by the NC Division of Water Quality based on State and Federal clean water standards . Capacity of the Wastewater Treatment Plant 12 million .gallons per day ( average for a month Total wastewater treated in 2000 - 01 3 . 1 billion gallons Average gallons of wastewater treated per day 8 . 5 million gallons Highest daily volume of wastewater treated 17 . 8 million gallons on March 30th due to intense rains on March 29 and 30 Volume of biosolids recycled ( on farm land ) 1 , 290 tons ( dry weight of solids ) Definitions Ammonia - - A compound of nitrogen and hydrogen that exerts a Fecal coliform bacteria - - Types of bacteria that are present demand for oxygen in water, acts as a nutrient for plant life in in the intestines of people , dogs , cats and other animals . surface waters and can be toxic to fish and other aquatic life . Phosphorus - - An element that acts as a nutrient for plant life Carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand ( CBOD ) -- a mea - such as algae in creeks and lakes . sure of the carbon - containing substances remaining in treated water that may exert a demand for oxygen when released into a Total suspended solids - - A measure of small particles re - stream . The lower the CBOD , the less likely there is to be an maining in treated wastewater. Excludes dissolved substances . appreciable oxygen demand placed on the receiving waters . Adequate dissolved oxygen is important for fish and other aquatic Wastewater- - Water after it has been used for household , busi - life , ness and other purposes . In our community, wastewater flows from private plumbing systems to public sanitary sewers and Chlorine - - the disinfecting element in liquid bleach ( sodium hy - ' then to a treatment plant . Wastewater is distinguished from pochlorite ) , which is used to kill microorganisms in treated waste - stormwater, which flows to creeks and rivers through a sepa - water, rate network of ditches , swales , catch basins and pipes . Treated Wastewater Quality Measure Unit of measurement Maximum allowed Actual for 2000 - 01 Carbonaceous biochemical summer : 4 summer : 3 . 2 oxygen demand ( CBOD ) winter : 8 winter : 4 . 7 Total Suspended Solids milligrams 30 5 . 0 Phosphorus per liter 0 . 6 0 . 5 Ammonia ! summer : 2 summer : 0 . 2 j winter : 4 winter : 1 . 0 Noncompliance events at the Mason Farm Wastewater Treatment Plant �] Month Measure for which the limit was exceeded Comments March Chlorine remaining in treated wastewater . Resulted from a temporary disruption of the chlorine removal process . Carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand ( CBOD ) . Minimal or no effect on Morgan Creek . April - - - - Average daily flow of wastewater exceeded monthly limit . Due to rainstorms which added to wastewater volume , May Chlorine remaining in treated wastewater . Carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand ( CBOD ) . Minimal or no effect on Morgan Creek . June Carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand ( CBOD ) . General Comments : No fish kills or other significant downstream impacts from the above events are known . There were no noncompliance events from July, 2000 through February, 2001 . PAGE 4 FOr Proper grease t IV disposal 0It 6 1pt partal p I, prevent n� a Its tewtiter spil If Olt lsOtN 1- - "` ' / IIIIt . 1 . Both residential and business customers can help prevent "wastewater overflows by minimizing the amount of fats , grease and oil disposed of through plumbing drains . Inside a sewer , fats , oils and grease change to a plaster- like consistency and can block the pipes , causing an overflow of untreated wastewater . PublicAt home , you can dispose of normal cooking oil and grease A All ON by putting it in a container as part of your solid waste rather than through your sink and plumbing drain . Wiping and scrap - kpin ral ing pots , pans and other utensils before washing them are It III important steps in proper grease disposal . Grease accumulations can block your private plumbing sys - tem as well as public sewers . If your business generates waste grease , fats or oil , you Se 10 should have a grease interception system that works effec - ■ tively . A company that recycles fats , oils and grease should regularly clean out the grease trap . For more information , means Fats , Oils and Grease please contact OWASA Public Affairs at 9684421 . Intense storm. on July 241 2000 caused overflow at the : Ro erson Drive Pum Station O 9 .;f P _ . t _ k AM :S • , The Rogerson Drive station receives wastewater from sew- All ers in the Booker Creek and Bolin Creek drainage basins .410 are and is the largest in our wastewater system . NO �. kill OWASA personnel responded to the overflow at 3 a . m . , but 41 NO NO Ilk . ON 11 record flooding prevented access until 7 a . m . The Swift WaOtt - is V ter Rescue Team of the South Orange Rescue Squad as - sisted us in reaching the pump station , which was back in operation shortly after 7 a . m . that morning . The suspected If cause of the pump failure is lightning . Flood levels at the Rogerson Drive station were higher than NO Its any observed in several years , including those which occurred - after Hurricanes Fran and Floyd . The July 24th storm affected It Opt IF I a large area on the east side of Chapel Hill . sp. VV IN is gj NI 9 Pleage don afti UP the we, There have been no overflows at the Rogerson Drive station The Rogerson Drive pump station since the storm on July 24 , 2000 . OWASA has an automatic alarm system which we use to monitor all 27 pump stations The intense rainstorm on July 24 , 2000 caused three pumps on a 24 - hour basis . OWASA personnel also visit each pump to fail and resulted in a wastewater overflow at the Rogerson station regularly to perform maintenance and to identify re - Drive pump station . We estimate the overflow volume was 2 pair and improvement needs . to 3 million gallons . also for IS .l lt%e` r Nr T . +.ii.• t n. a .t. ,� . r. •, . . . `t• 'ty.A .41. ' " Earl. C7 7 ..rah ' . } 3LY.S ;�S •er1r�ih » a i ° l� - IFO%Wt, Nor a i• + ;;� �'�i IK 7 }9was 6poolq�jatj t a 14 i , t +.ia f' No 6 r Y t r ` .' •r r n1i 4 . I•} fr `V S, M 1 > 4^ �r �> ; r > � ' •n1• Ir t <. • ? �' � +iN• �'l X , � •` { vZAQs4I fM . . OFF: Y +;k�Ct"t,1;: ;! >> ' x ? 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' ' :Ir � ,a { . t i,' 4 > .� '.il . - '1 :n r { ;[ I , : - �!; i • i'1 + _ YY. ?•,. •. . , r .- Jl .. , ' i , 1 d .•1 . r� . ,i1 . • 'y..J0 ' - aTlie �onseruanc .. bas restoi�eill2istoricwistas . re irirecl_xt �ils'J iiniZ' ktn�edanore'thrtu d OO :h�ees' TliislislClie�9okee l'�ai'Ak: ' ` '-t ; = r � Y C/� 5 ^ ty Sf, = ^: ..T 'r!r � n • i+ ' : '_ Yf: , (r , _ Li ' v 7 l : l - �, . ; a - , x.' S �: ; „1 . to :., 1 OFF i / ' - . TY ' rl , ? ' 'r ,' - ' - - ir f • �}::';• '; !�; r . >' ,vy�>_ c .l'. ` .. - . S d� �. � is":.•:" .,j . . . .+. . 4 1_ • , l , tq ' !• ' _ . . : _ 1 . w666 8 Planning August 2001 `4t IFF Ir SFF F.Fe ;r' + er Fieldhouses vs . Meadows : Tb.e Debate Goes OnIMF t } Recreation has been an important element since the ~. Tell.. 4 a}yfjM:w'�A,.1 beginning of the parks movement . Frederick Law Olmsted v J" , FF �,� _ + . .. and his 19th century followers provided canals and " ^ FLF '' `. , lagoons for rowin , trails for walking, rip , : + ' ' » r . g g g hills for sledding, ILL u: I Al and open fields for picnicking and games . As early asIF t' � ' iJ : 1870 , Olmsted and Vaux included playing fields in their �, ILL �ilk Ill' 'SPINA , ' � .design for Chicago ' s Washington Park. ` 1 . . rttc 1 FF . ell FFFFFFFF FF By the turn of the century, the recreation movement r '' r ,,.: began in earnest . Advocates promoted organized active- = I "I' I. JFF :) ties and dedicated facilities as a cure for juvenile delin- ' , . . . . _ �x ,F quency and other social ills . Over the next 50 ears , the ' ILL- eF IF ,,,� 4, demand for recreation grew to the extent that it over- LLL 1. FF FF ,IF IV shadowed the philosophy behind the Olmsted parks and Fe j " changedthe connotation of the word " park. " 4 r y1 - 1 :; F ,. ILL r,:. By the 1960s, most cities had combined their arks : - P r ' FF, IF department with their recreation department. Since then , " 4 "` f FF the emphasis on recreation has continued and the role of ,�� ti T" y Fe y� � . park professionals , such as landscape architects , bota- r . = = k •`* Free r nists , and arborists , has been diminished or eliminated as ,� , Few . LF - ..r. Fellow I LL park systems have faced fiscal pressures . - : . :,y;,_ FFF F, `:4.,. Recreation facilities and programming get the lion 's share of funding in most communities , because they fit Mayors at a City Parks Forum press conference lastApril the cost- benefit model , acknowledges John Crompton, in Louisville. Front left• •jeff Griffin (Reno, Nevada), of Texas A&M University. " Over the years, parks people Kenneth Barr (Fort Worth, Texas), became overly concerned with funding . They use a revenue-driven decision-making4process that only looks Elected officials are also beginning to take no- at cost and return . ". tice of parks , in part because the modern business In arecreation- dominated system , pure parks tend to community is increasingly aware of their value . As be carved up and devoted to recreational facilities . " I John Crompton, of Texas A&M University, au- used to thirik that a park could accommodate recre- thor of an upcoming APA Planning Advisory ational facilities as long as the facilities don ' t dominate Service report on the economic value of parks and the character of the park, " says Lee Springgate, former recreation , points out, companies in a technologi- director of the Bellevue , Washington , Parks Department cal economy are free to choose their locations , and principal of the Point Wilson Group consulting Evidence is mounting, he says , that quality of firm , life is the primary factor in choosing where to " But most communities haven ' t found a way to meet locate a business and that access to parks and recreational needs without denigrating the informal park recreational opportunities is central to quality of space, " Springgate adds : " Most suburban parks from the last 30 years are nothing more than a recreational activity center with a landscaped edge . How you choose to develop a space dictates the use. If you build baseball diamonds then you have no choice but baseball . The A place for kids ' Sketchers from Louisville Collegiate space is clearly intended for one activity and it will School in Cherokee Park (far left) FF remain empty until someone shows up to play baseball . " = 1'7 • � . '. .. -�„z,, 'r ' _ M °1 t.� In contrast, parks that provide unstructured open 9 spill :_:. ;: ' ` spac 14 e invite users to exercise their imaginations . A base- s t;.. FF ti. IFIF IV. ball game may break out in a meadow, says Springgate, but a rugby match won ' t start on a baseball diamond . The irony is that the focus on " active" recreational .. I �liiliii. ' facilities devalues and discourages other activities that '" FILL . „ , . are erroneously classified as " passive . " i` e ; j Springgate bristles at the use of both terms , " Go to a + park where there are three slow pitch softball games ` ' ` Ir being played and you ' ll find a few people active in each game at any one time . ' Compare that to all the people : , . . , walking, biking, climbing trails , and tossing frisbees ands. . gin . v; ask yourself, " Who ' s active ? " r L 1 . k�Fell PIP, d 4 AN iAAN :, . . year -I NOT E •!Y ' N- _ _ • • • • • • No rPAN . ANN _ • • • • • _ • • , PAN AlliAl 04. • • • - • _ • _ ^ M1•�1 !I•. , do � S� 4 �,,MAIN • • • • • • • • • • • • • • to 04 •�,. , Add AN ' t . • • • • • • • • • A stood so F IF AN A No • • - • , • �R. . • �+ f • • • • • • • . , • • . • Nor • • • 1 % UIs V.1 • • • • IF • . • • INPIP rr t 'i • ;�� • - - - • • • • r • • ' No ry Or . "-`J'i A It No 4 VIA a ANN, to do IF IN IN At At —AML • No • • • • %N3 sit s . ` 11 two r% , • fr rpp ,f 4 sr +M IN Ali Is k 1 4 • +� r(63�'C a ��AA-- P 1 ' . 11k '�"y .t ^ •W. A IN } ' Z y : oj. 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