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Agenda - 02-01-2005-9a
ORANGE COUNTY BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS ACTION AGENDA ITEM ABSTRACT Meeting Date: February 1, 2005 Action Agenda Item No. -Q SUBJECT: Siting Recommendations - CNG Joint Staff Work Group DEPARTMENT: Environment and Resource Conservation, Purchasing, Public Works PUBLIC HEARING: (Y/N) No ATTACHMENT(S): 1) Joint Staff Work Group Report 2) CNG Technology Information INFORMATION CONTACT: David Stancil, 245-2590 Pam Jones, 245-2650 Donna Dean, 245-2150 Wilbert McAdoo, 245-2625 TELEPHONE NUMBERS: Hillsborough 732-8181 Chapel Hill 968-4501 Durham 688-7331 Mebane 336-227-2031 PURPOSE: To receive a report from a work group of County, Orange County Schools (OCS) and NCDOT staff regarding siting of the County's planned Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) alternative fuel system for vehicles. BACKGROUND: In April of this year, the Board asked staff to submit a grant application to the Triangle Clean Cities Coalition (under the auspices of the Triangle J Council of Governments) for funding assistance in the construction of a CNG station in conjunction with the Orange County Schools. In July, the County was notified that it had been awarded a grant in the maximum amount of $25,000 for this project. The concept of introducing CNG alternative fuels technology into the County vehicle fleet has been discussed for several years, dating back to the Alternative Fuel and Low Emission Vehicle report of April 2000. In 2001, the County submitted a grant proposal to the NC Mobile Source Emissions Reduction Grant program (run by the NC Division of Air Quality) for C,NG and electric vehicles and infrastructure, but the State budget crisis precluded grants from being awarded. During the last several years, County staff has worked to purchase low- emission vehicles and several alternative-fuel capable vehicles (ethanol or E85, though none currently run on this fuel). 2 In late 2003, an impetus to renew consideration of alternative fuels came from the impending designation of the Triangle as non-attainment for ground-level ozone (03), the Joint Greenhouse Gas Emissions project, and the State of the Environment 2003 Update. The April 2004 Clean Cities grant application was submitted by Orange County, in conjunction with Orange County Schools. At the time of the application, plans were considered for locating the station at the OCS Maintenance Facility on South Churton Street (adjoining NCDOT Maintenance Yard), Prior to this, NCDOT had respectfully declined a request to locate the station at the maintenance yard, and the adjoining site was suggested as an alternative. However, a question of adequate space for the system at the OCS site led to a meeting in the summer of this year of the Chairs of the BOCC and OCS Board of Education, along with the County Manager and Superintendent. As a result of this meeting, a staff work group was commissioned to: 1. Investigate other CNG stations in the region, 2, Evaluate two sites in Hillsborough - the OCS Maintenance site and County Public Works, and 3. Develop a siting recommendation for the CNG system. In September, the Joint Staff Work Group began working toward these goals. The Work Group included the County's Environment and Resource Conservation Director, Purchasing Director, Budget Director and Public Works Director, along with a staff member from Orange County Schools and the NCDOT District Engineer, Assistance was also provided by the County Engineer and Planning Department, After undertaking the tasks above, the Joint Staff Work Group recommends that the CNG Station be located at Orange County Public Works adjacent to the existing fueling facility. It was determined that this location was the only feasible site, due to lack of space at the OCS site, In August, the Clean Cities Coalition asked the County to consider making the station publicly accessible, and offered to fund the cost of a card reader system, The Public Works site does offer the potential for public access, at least from 8:00 to 5:00 on weekdays, and the potential for the card reader system appears worthy of further consideration. FINANCIAL IMPACT: The projected cost of installing the CNG system is $75,000. The County has received a grant totaling $25,000, which covers approximately one third of the cost of installing the system. It is important to note that the grant requires Orange County to have the project bid and all funds to cover the costs encumbered no later than June 30, 2005. The County's share of the total cost, $50,000, was discussed briefly by the Board in April 2004, but is not included in the current year budget. Should the Board decide to move forward with siting and awarding a bid for the new system, staff would identify funding options for the County's match of $50,000. It is important to note also that the estimated project cost of $75,000 does not include the $29,000 card reader system option. Should the Board choose to pursue the card reader system, staff anticipates that a grant from Clean Cities Coalition would cover the costs of the card reader, RECOMMENDATION (S): The Manager recommends that the Board consider the Joint Staff Work Group report, discussing as desired, adopt the siting recommendation from the Work Group, and direct staff to identify a funding source to cover the County's share, $50,000, of the project, dPGjr'? kz .3 Report of the CNG Siting Staff Work Group January 24, 2005 In June 2004, the Chairs of the Board of County Commissioners and the Orange County Board of Education asked a work group of staff members from the County, Orange County Schools (OCS), and NCDOT to develop recommendations for a planned compressed natural gas (CNG) fueling station funded in part by a grant in 2004. Specifically, the Work Group was asked to: 1. Investigate and visit other CNG fueling stations in the area, 2. Explore potential sites in the Hillsborough area owned by the County, OCS and NCDOT, and 3. Make a recommendation on a location for siting of this facility Background Alternative fuel vehicle (AFV) technology has become an important new component of transportation in the last decade. The worsening of air quality, increases in petroleum-based fuel costs, questions about future availability and domestic supply, and other environmental issues related to the use of fossil fuel vehicles led many local governments and private employers to evaluate, purchase and use AFV technology in other parts of the County and here in North Carolina. Orange County has been interested in alternative fuels and low emission vehicles for several years. In 1999, a work group was formed to examine the status of alternative fuel and low emission vehicle technology and develop recommendations on ways to begin introducing this into the County vehicle fleet. This work group, the Alternative Fuel and Low Emission Vehicle (AFLEV) Work Group, presented recommendations in the spring of 2000 that generally suggested the County begin pursuing both CNG and electric vehicles and infrastructure, through a State grant program that existed at the time. In late 2000, the County did in fact submit the grant application, for the cost differential on purchase of 4 vehicles and a CNG station. However, just as grants were being considered in 2001, the State budget crisis hit and funding for the grant program was held back and eventually taken away. During the next two years, County staff worked to purchase low-emission vehicles and several alternative-fuel capable vehicles where possible (an ethanol fuel known as E85, which is 85% ethanol). At this time 21 County vehicles qualify as low-emission vehicles and 11 County vehicles are E85-compatible. However, none of the vehicles have used E85 fuel - all have and continue to run on utilize gasoline. 4 In late 2003, a strong impetus to renew consideration of alternative fuels came when US EPA announced that the Triangle would be designated as non- attainment for the new ground-level ozone (03) standard. During this same timeframe, Orange County joined the Towns of Chapel Hill, Carrboro and the City of Durham a members of the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives and/or the Cities for Climate Protection Program. One condition of membership in this organization is the commitment to develop a local inventory of greenhouse gas emissions, and in 2003 the County and Towns agreed to partner on this project (a Memorandum of Agreement and contract for project services will be forthcoming in February). In addition, the State of the Environment Report 2002, and the State of the Environment 2003 Update included recommendations to accelerate the introduction of AFV's within County government and encourage education about them for other employers and private citizens. As a result, in January 2004 the Commission for the Environment was charged to develop a report on possible local strategies for ozone, and that effort is underway. Early in 2004, the Triangle Clean Cities Coalition requested submittals for matching grant applications toward AFV's and infrastructure. After initial discussions with NCDOT, subsequent conversations with OCS indicated a potential partnership for this grant program and in April the Board directed staff to prepare an application in conjunction with OCS for the cost of installing a CNG fueling station in Hillsborough, potentially at the OCS Maintenance Facility adjoining the NCDOT Maintenance Yard. The application was submitted in June, and in July the County was notified that the grant had been approved in the maximum amount of $25,000. Later in July, the Clean Cities Coalition asked the County to consider installing a card reader system to allow for public and other government vehicle access to the fueling station (with the full cost to be funded from an additional grant), The April 2004 Clean Cities grant application was submitted by Orange County, in conjunction with Orange County Schools. At the time of the application, plans were considered for locating the station at the Orange County Schools (OCS) Maintenance Facility on South Churton Street (adjoining the NCDOT Maintenance Yard). Prior to this, NCDOT had opted not to participate in a proposal to locate the station at the maintenance yard, and the adjoining OCS site was suggested as an alternative. However, a question of adequate space at the OCS site led to the aforementioned meeting in the summer of 2004 of the Chairs of the BOCC and OCS, along with the County Manager and Superintendent, As a result of this meeting, the staff work group was commissioned. A Brief Overview of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Technology Natural gas is one of the world's most abundant fossil fuels and currently supplies over 24% of the energy demand in the United States, Natural gas is 5 present in the earth, and consists primarily of methane (CH4) with smaller elements of ethane and very small amounts of hydrogen, helium and nitrogen.. Methane is formed from organic matter decomposing in presence of heat, organic matter converted by microorganisms (as in landfills), and releases from oil and coal. Very large reserves of natural gas are believed to exist at depths of 15,000- 20,000 feet below the Earth's surface (referred to as "deep gas"). Since methane remains stable up to its auto-ignition temperature of 1022 OF, it is found at depths where oil is not found. Natural gas is a very good spark-ignition internal combustion engine fuel, and was actually used as a fuel in the early days of engine development. However, for many years the ability to store large quantities of natural gas for onboard vehicles created barriers to use as a transportation fuel. In terms of domestic production, the United States produces 87% of natural gas that is consumed - the remaining 13% comes from Canada. Very little processing is needed to make natural gas suitable as a fuel. Water vapor, sulfur and heavy hydrocarbons are removed before it is piped. Methane mixes readily with air and has a high octane rating, which makes it a very good engine fuel, and it barely participates in atmospheric reactions that produce ozone (03). Because of its high hydrogen to carbon ratio, methane combustion produces 20% - 30% less carbon dioxide (the primary greenhouse gas component that contributes to global warming) than gasoline or diesel engines. CNG vehicles also reduce emissions of carbon monoxide by 70% and nitrogen oxides or NOx (the primary contributor to ozone) by 87%. Finally, CNG vehicles emit virtually no particulate matter (PM2), which affects respiratory and cardiovascular systems and contributes to atmospheric haze. As a result, manufacturers have been able to certify CNG vehicles to California's Ultra Low Emission Vehicle standard, the most stringent in the U.S. In the last 20 years, significant advances have been made in lightweight aluminum and carbon fiber high-pressure cylinders that can store natural gas at high pressure. As such, compressed natural gas has become the preferred method for storage and fueling of vehicles for natural gas use. Typical use of natural gas for transportation fuel involves connection to a natural gas pipeline. The gas is then run through a dryer to take out any remaining hydrocarbons, and a compressor pressurizes the gas to the appropriate pounds per square inch (psi) for dispensing. CNG vehicles can increase their power and efficiency by increasing the compression ratio, and thus 3600 psi vehicles are currently the most popular choices on the market. Older CNG vehicles were manufactured at 2400 and 3000 psi. With all of the above benefits of CNG, there are two detriments to CNG vehicle performance. The weight of a natural gas system will always be more than that of 6 a liquid fuel system that has the energy equivalent amount of gasoline, This weight does affect acceleration and degrades fuel economy. Second, since natural gas enters the engine as a gas (while gasoline enters part gas and part liquid), a gasoline engine is able to ingest more air and provide higher power. In recent years, however, CNG vehicles have been able to minimize this by increasing compression and cylinder displacement, to the point where -- for practical driving purposes -- the difference in these factors is negligible. For example, the CNG Honda Civic now achieves 34 mpg (highway) andfeatures no discernable loss of acceleration capability. However, due to lower energy content and the size of the fuel tank, the range of CNG vehicles is less than that of gasoline vehicles, and the fuel tanks displace some payload (trunk) capacity, The cost of a gasoline-gallon equivalent of CNG compares favorably to gasoline, and has generally been lower. The most recent newsletter of the "Alternative Fuel Price Report" shows the following fuel cost comparison (which reflects increases in natural gas prices that occurred during 2003-04): Comparison of Fuel Prices Gasoline ?313 , $1.67 M, $1.92 Diesel $1.58 $1.64 Compressed Natural Gas CNG * $1.48 $1.49 Biodiesel $1.69 $1.84 Ethanol $1.69 $1.87 Propane $2.22 $2.25 aso me-oa on enuma en ource: a Alternative ue rice eo o .. une Recent studies appear to indicate that CNG vehicle life may be two to three years longer than for gasoline or diesel vehicles. Additionally, oil changes and routine maintenance is reported to be considerably less frequent than gasoline/diesel vehicles. Some CNG manufacturers now recommend oil change intervals of 12-15,000 miles, as opposed to 3,500-7,500 miles for gasoline vehicles. Comparison of CNG Vehicle Performance - Compared to Gasoline Vehicles Performance Measure Horsepower Rating Compared Similar - Acceleration Similar Cruising Seed Similar - Maintenance Costs Better Range Similar / Not As Good Source: eoa men o nerav. c an ices Vehicle uvers Guide. December Maintenance on CNG vehicles utilizes a very similar skill set to maintenance knowledge for gasoline vehicles, and training is offered on a regular basis in West Virginia, and soon within N.C. Repairs to CNG infrastructure can be 7 performed by the manufacturer, or by PSNC Energy which is now a certified repair entity for one of the two infrastructure vendors. CNG vehicles that are available for the 2005 model year include the Chevrolet Silverado truck, the GMS Sierra truck, and the Honda Civic GX. Investigation and Site Visits - Other CNG Stations In preparing this report, the Work Group made site visits on October 18 and 20 to three existing CNG stations in the Triangle: the City of Raleigh, Duke University, and the Town of Chapel Hill. City of Raleigh The City of Raleigh facility is located on US 64 East in Raleigh, at one of the city's maintenance facilities. Raleigh's station differed from the Chapel Hill and Durham station in several ways - a different manufacturer, and different storage units (spherical). Travis Brown, Vehicle Fleet Services Superintendent for the City, met with the work group and talked about their experiences with CNG vehicles. Raleigh's rapid-fill station, manufactured by ANSI, was installed in 2001 and currently fuels xx vehicles in the City fleet. This facility provides 3600 psi fueling and is open from 7 am-3:30 pm. Other governmental, commercial or private vehicles are allowed to use the facility, but only with prior authorization and the fuel must be paid for in the Public Works Vehicle Fleet office. Mr. Brown reported no issues of concern related to reliability or maintenance of the CNG vehicles or equipment beyond routine maintenance. Duke University Duke University's station has been in existence for 7 years, the longest duration of the three stations visited. It is located near Brightleaf Square on Buchanan Street in central Durham. Duke currently runs 11 trucks (pickups) on CNG, and has nine years of experience with their existing CNG infrastructure. The Duke system is a Fuelmaker system, similar to that of the Town of Chapel Hill (and the type proposed for Orange County). Duke officials expressed positive feedback on their CNG technology and vehicles, and a high level of satisfaction with their reliability and functionality. The university plans to continue adding CNG vehicles to their fleet over time, Town of Chapel Hill The Town of Chapel Hill has a fast-fill CNG station at their existing Public Works facility on Airport Road. Chapel Hill's station is a 3600 psi/3000 psi FuelMaker unit, and is very similar to the facility at Duke (and proposed for Orange County). It should be noted that the Town will be relocating their fueling stations and all other Public Works functions to the Town Operations Center on Millhouse Road, which is under construction and slated to open in late 2006. The Town Operations Center is planned to have a larger CNG station capable of handling more vehicles and a shorter turn-around time between feelings. The Town currently has 11 CNG vehicles, as follows: CNG Vehicle 2 Crown Victorias -DepartmentlUse Police Department 3 Honda Civics Police, Parks and Rec, Parking Services 1 Dodge van Public Works / Motor Pool 5 Ford F-150 pickups Solid Waste, Parks and Rec, Landscape 9 Town staff reports a positive experience with CNG vehicles infrastructure, and plan to purchase additional vehicles in coming years. The Town's only negative experience relating to CNG came from a recent retrofit to the CNG pump and compressor to allow for 3000 psi vehicles. This was an issue with repair contractor's work, The above picture of Chapel Hill's station shows the Town Public Works CNG van in the process of refueling. The hose connection to the vehicles CNG tank is shown below. Investigation of Hillsborough-Area Sites At the outset of this project, three sites* were identified for possible location of the CNG infrastructure: • The Orange County Schools Maintenance Yard on South Churton Street • The NCDOT Maintenance Yard/Fueling Station on South Churton Street • The Orange County Public Works Fueling Station on NC 86 North 10 - although NCDOT had previously declined interest, the site was briefly considered NCDOT continues to decline interest in participating in this project due to space and fuel type issues, but the District Engineer did participate fully in the Work Group effort. The concept of a South Churton Street location, between 1-85 and 1-40 interchanges, was attractive because of its location and considered a positive asset for the grant proposal. In April, NCDOT staff were asked about their interest in a joint venture for locating the CNG station at their 23-acre property but declined, citing lack of space and the department's likely interest in propane as an alternative fuel (NCDOT currently has no vehicles that run on CNG, although the NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources) has a number of CNG vehicles.. In August, NCDOT staff confirmed again that they were not interested in locating the station on their property. This left the OCS Maintenance Yard and Orange County Public Works as alternatives. In considering these two sites, the Work Group considered a number of factors, with two primary considerations: 1. Adequate space for the installation of infrastructure and movement of fueling vehicles, and 2. Location of the site to possible users, both governmental and public A site visit to the OCS Maintenance Yard (adjacent to the NCDOT site) by the Work Group found that lack of space would likely be a major consideration. The property is 1,7 acres in size, and includes several storage buildings, as well as the maintenance shop. The Work Group felt that insufficient space existed at this site, as it exists. The option of asking the adjoining property owner (a vacant property in an adjacent office park) to sell additional land was briefly considered but deemed too complicated to pursue, given the short timeframe for station construction / expenditure of grant funds. By contrast, the Work Group felt that 25-acre Orange County Public Works site does appear to have sufficient room for locating the needed infrastructure. Among the possible locations at this site is one immediately across from the existing fueling station (please see adjoining map on next page). The Public Works site does not have the benefit of close access to 1-85 and 1-40 interchanges, but it is proximate to Exit 161 (US 70 Connector) for the joined 1- 85/40. The site is 7 minutes and 4.1 miles from this Interstate interchange (from the Churton Street 1-85 Exit 165, it is 7 minutes and 2.5 miles). While not as immediate and close as the other sites, this is probably close enough to the Interstates for potential future use by CNG vehicles traveling on the Interstates. It is anticipated that the CNG station infrastructure will need approximately 2000 square feet, which could have a number of different configurations as the site allows. Park Stream Buffer Orange County Public Works IIII Proposed Public Works - Hillsborough Former Landfill & Surface Trash -) Possible Hillsborough Public Works/ Mature Hardwood Stand County & Hillsborough Parcels 0 Buildings Streams A 100 0 100 Feet County of Orange Environment & Resource Conservation Depanment MJ 1/7905 Proposed Orange Alternative Id Fuels Stations 13 Work Group Recommendations 1. Locate the CNG Station at Orange County Public Works Location of the fueling station at the Orange County Public Works site, as described and shown above, is recommended for the following reasons: • The site has sufficient room and space for the needed infrastructure • It is in proximity to other fueling apparatus for ease of maintenance • It is in close proximity to a PSNC Energy natural gas line as a source • The site location is consistent with the existing Public Works layout and the proposed Preliminary Concept Plan for the Fairview Public Campus (park, Town Public Works, Parks Operation Base and storage facility) • This portion of the site is not locked, and is available for after-hours use, if this option is pursued • The site is within 5 miles and 10 minutes of the interstate for any future use by government, commercial or private vehicles With proximity to the PSNC natural gas pipeline and the available space at Public Works site, no known barriers to construction at this site have been identified. Town of Hillsborough site plan approval is projected to take approximately 3 weeks, and the Orange County Planning and Inspections staff has been to the site and identified no immediate issues with construction at the site, pending further review. 2. Provide for Public Accessibility The Clean Cities Coalition, along with the NC Division of Air Quality, has set as a priority the need for expanding the number of available fueling stations for State and local government vehicles, commercial vehicles (such as PSNC), and private vehicles. A list of existing stations in North Carolina is provided as Appendix 1. It is estimated that there are currently over 600 CNG vehicles operating in the state, most in government fleets. After awarding the grant, the Coalition asked the County to consider making the CNG station publicly-accessible, and is willing to fund the additional estimated $30,000 cost for a credit card reader system to be installed at the pump. There are currently 16 CNG stations in North Carolina, but only 4 provide for full public accessibility (seven other stations provide for limited availability to public/outside users with advance authorization and/or with payment at time of purchase). The City of Hickory and the City of Asheville both have card reader systems installed at their pumps, and have reported no problems to date with the systems, 14 There are three banks that manage the card reader technology for fueling stations of this type, and in each case the banks bill the entity or user, including bank charges that are added to the bill. Staff has examined the possibility of public access to the CNG station at the Public Works site. Although it is not immediately adjacent to interstate highways, the site is within 5 miles and 10 minutes of exits on 1-40/85 and 1-85. The fueling station at Public Works is located outside of the Public Works facility gates, so vehicular access to the site would be possible (EMS, OPT and Sheriffs vehicles fuel after hours). The potential for allowing access for government, commercial and private vehicles does appear to exist, and the Work Group would propose that access be allowed on either a limited or 24/7 basis, assuming that liability and logistical issues can be worked out. If access is allowed, the pump and card reader could be allowed to run 24/7, or could be turned off at the close of business day if desired. The heavy-plated pumps, storage units and compressors associated with CNG fueling do not appear to add any additional vandalism or fire risk. If a leak were to occur, the primarily-methane CNG dissipates into the atmosphere, unless the leak occurs in a unventilated building. 3. Possible Timetable of Activities As noted previously, one condition of the $25,000 grant from the Clean Cities Coalition is the encumbrance of funds must occur by June 30, 2005. This will mean that the project will need to proceed without delay as soon as practicable. One timetable staff has identified for the project would be as follows: January 2005 Board receives CNG Work Group report February 2005 Board approves siting recommendation and authorizes engineering drawings and bid solicitation March 2005 Town of Hillsborough site plan approval (21 days) April 2005 Bids received and contract awarded by BOCC May 2005 Building permits (Orange County Planning and Inspections) June 2005 Construction begins September 2005 Construction ends October 2005 CNG fueling Station open for use 4. Future AFV Issues - On the Horizon Because the field of AFV technology is rapidly changing, it remains difficult to predict with certainty what sort of technology will emerge in future years. For the last several years, governments and industries that have begun branching into AFV's have been advised to not "put all of your eggs in one basket." Electric 15 vehicles, hybrids, biodiesel, ethanol and propane fueled vehicles exist and will likely be refined in future years. Hybrid gasoline/electric vehicles are becoming increasingly popular among the public with the introduction of vehicles such as the Toyota Prius. Perhaps the most exciting potential AFV technological development that is on the horizon is that of the hydrogen fuel cell, which will feature hydrogen (oxidized in fuel cells to create electricity with little to no emissions) as a fuel for vehicles, and this technology may be available in the near future. However, local governments and industries are always faced with making short- term choices based on the best available technology information, to address air quality issues that already exist. In that vein, CNG has proven over the last decade to be a reliable, available fuel source, and vehicles fueled by CNG have not seen any increase in reliability issues beyond those for gasoline-powered vehicles. It is anticipated that, whatever the future holds, CNG technology will continue to be part of the mix of AFV options that governments and industry use to meet alternative transportation goals. While it is difficult to project the number of vehicles in a future County vehicle fleet on CNG or other AFV technology, beginning to purchase CNG vehicles at this time -- and re-evaluating the playing field of AFV's on an annual or biennial basis -- may be the best course of action at this time. The CNG Siting Staff Work Group was comprised of Donna Dean, Pam Jones, Wilbert McAdoo, David Stencil, Paul Thames and Michael Cockburn from Orange County, Robert Miller from the Orange County Schools, and Chuck Edwards, District Engineer with NCDOT Appendices Appendix 1 - Current CNG Fueling Stations in NC Appendix 2 -- CNG Infrastructure Design and Installation NCDENR - Division of Air Quality - CNG Fueled Vehicles Motor Vehicles >> Clean Air Cars You must plan your trip when driving a CNG vehicle The average Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) vehicle has a range of only 120-180 miles per tank of fuel, depending on driving conditions. Therefore, when you travel in a CNG vehicle, you must plan your trip so that you can arrive at one of the listed refueling sites during their normal operating hours and before you run out of fuel. Unlike the standard gasoline vehicle, when the CNG vehicle runs out of fuel it rrust_he towed to the closest refueling site Therefore, it is imperative that before you start your trip, you must first select the fueling sites you wish to use, call to find out if their station is operational, what their normal operating hours are, and if they will allow you to refuel at their site. The sites listed below are a combination of public and private stations and may not always be open to the general public, NOTE. Refueling at a fast fill station takes only 3-5 minutes but refueling at a slow fill station can take up to 8 hours to completely fill your tank. Station Name Address City Contact Phone Customers Contact Hours Payment Type 45 City of McCormick Asheville 828-259 GP Cris Dowins ? PK/CC FF Asheville Place 5702 Butner Federal Oid Hwy Butner 5000 SO Joey House 7:3 ? FF Prison #75 x1207 3pm pm Town HIIChapel 1099 Adirport Chapel Hill 9129992 SL Kay Perkins Sam-5pm FF - 704-364- F I 3120 Greg Johnson Piedmont 4301 Charlotte 4392 GP (primary) 7:30am- 3 30 I FF Natural Gas Rd Yancey 704-525- 5585 Thomas Cowans (alternative) : pm 919-772- Town of Garner 610 Rand MiII Rd, Garner 7600 Ext. 31 GP Wiil Wigal Sam-5pm I FF or 32 PSNC Energy 800 Dr. Gastonia 7032820 GP Summerelin 24 / 7 PK FF Piedmont 2611 Greengate Greensboro 336-378- 1831 IE Tim Russam 8am-5pm I FF Natural Gas Dr Ext . (garage) Greenville Utilities Greenville Not Open Yet City of Hickory 144 1 N9th E A Hickory 8275743 GP Fleet Mgr 24 / 7 CC. FF e http://daq. state, ne us/motor/cng/refuel.shhnl 12/1.3/2004 NCDENR - Division of Air Quality - CNG Fueled Vehicles Davidson 925 N Main Lexington 336-242- GP L Attendant 8am-5pm I ' 3600psi County Garage Street 2250 u only PSNC Energy 600 C b a r us Raleigh 919-836- 2428 GP Todd Smith 8am-5pm PK FF S t N.C. Motor Pool 220 E. Peace St Raleigh 918-733 7776 GP Receptionist 24/7 PK FF City of Raleigh Be20 Ave. Raleigh 9764071 GP Receptionist 3: OPM PK/CC FF Clif Bonham City of Rocky 106 E. Rocky 252-972- GP Sandy 8am C, I FF Mount Grand Ave Mount 1314 Davidson 10pm City of 650 Winston- 336-727- ? GP Kent Green 7.30am- ? ? FF Winston-Salem Stadium Dr Salem 2507 Anderson 10.30pm F__ept of n 300D raft S l 33 0296 SL B rrows 24 / 7 PK FF sportation T ra a em Key to Acronyms Customers Payment e y GP = General Public C = Cash Fast Fi ll F SL State & Local Gov't Only I = Invoice rS Slow Fill SO = State Only PK = Pro-Kee CC = Credit Card Last Modified: Tuesday April 20, 2004 Email us *A Top of Page NCDo4R North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR) North Carolina Division of Air Quality - 1641 Mail Service Center - Raleigh, NC 27699-1641 - (919) 733-3340 17 http://daq.state,nc,us/motor/cng/refuelrshtml 12/13/2004 Triangle Clean Cities Coalition: Alternative Fuel Providers i /Clean l ti?ylc', C' iliti?s coalilioll Home Site Contents [ Alternative Fuel Providers Introduction Alternative Fuels Fact Sheets/ O & A The Economy and National Security Health and the Environment Funding Opportunities Success Stories Alternative Fuel & Vehicle Providers Events and Activities Newsletters and Press Releases Stakeholder Organizations How to Join Triangle Clean Cities Links Alternative Fuel Pro Click _Here to see Compressed Naturah,Gas Providers in No In Carolina CNG = Compressed Natural Gas LPG = Propane Available to the public with prior arranger City Address Agency Contact Phone Cary Gregso 102Hwy 64)n St BP Station Manager 919.481.4493 Chapel Hill 306 N Columbia St Town of Chapel Hill Bill Terry 919.968.2800 1099 Airport Rd Town of Chapel Hill Bill Terry 919.968.2800 Durham 1900 Camden City of Durham Av Fleet Maintenance Kent Cash 919.560.4101 4401 Roxboro Rd (@ N Duke Exxon Edward Holmes 919 471.6924 St) Research and Science Dr Duke University Joe Jackson 919 660.4280 1 117 S Buchanan Blvd Duke University Joe Jackson 919 660,4280 37 St 15 Halloway 1 uburban Propane 1 ervice Station 19 596.6678 247 Mangum St U-Haul Debora Wiggins 919 682.9302 Garner 610 Rand Hill Rd Town of Garner Will Wigal 919 772.7600 1422 Mechanical 1BIvd Garner Garage Will Wigal 919.772.7600 401 Benson Rd (@Hwy 50) BP/Han-Dee Hugo's 919.779.3856 1702 Mechanical Blvd U-Haul Charlotte Grobluskey 819 779 3196 Haw i 1043 Jimmie K Rd Flying J 336.578.2427 R ver err Raleigh 5105 Beryl Rd ____ NCDOT Randy Hoyle 919.733.3535 http://www,trianglecleancities.org/afprov.lltm 12/13/2004 Triangle Clean Cities Coalition: Alternative Fuel Providers 04 R9d15 Blue Ridge 1950 Blue Ridge Rd 909 capability Dr NCDOAMotor Fleet Ma agement NC Dept of Corrections Advanced Energy Corporation Jackie Montgomery Heath Cash gob Zickefoose 733,6540 919 919 733,3050 919 857,9000 716 Capital Blvd U-Haul Erik Loos 919.821,1450 3001 Capital Blvd U-Haul I 919.876.3001 4720 New Bern 1 _ U-Haul 1 919.212.0323 9920 Fayetteville Rd CP&L District Office [? 919 546.5551 Gale St CPL Offce Ga agel 919.546,5551 1020 W Chatham St CP&L Cary Office 919.546.5551 8001 Pinecrest 1 CP&L Line Service 919 546 5551 gy and ris 3932 New Hill- Ce nte Env 919.546.5551 Holleman Rd 2712-A Discovery Dr I Public Service NC [? 919 501.2503 00 W Cabarrus 6 It 1 Public Service NC 1 Todd Smith 919.836.2428 Gorman St & Western Blvd NC Solar Center Bob McGuffy 919.515.9781 220 Peace St NC Motor et r & m P r 919,733.7776 a agement M Pa WiI I a ms 41 St7 N Salisbury I State Capital Police I ? ? 1014 N West St City of Raleigh Travis Brown 9228 31.6506 L] 4120 New Bern Av City of Raleigh David Scarborough 919,890.3079 Alternative Vehicle Providers . 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Z Clean Cities Vehicle Buyer's Guide For Consumers: Natural Gas Vehicles Printable Versi_ #ad,reJ ?)_ 'Poe) What is Natural Gas? A Natural gas is a mixture of hydrocarbons, mainly methane. Found in gas wells or produced in conjunction with crude oil, natural gas is a clean-burning, domestically produced fuel that generates significantly fewer emissions than conventional gasoline or diesel when used to power vehicles. The natural gas used in vehicles is either compressed natural gas (CNG) or liquefied natural gas (LNG). CNG is compressed to 2,400-3,600 pounds per square inch and stored on-board a vehicle in specially designed and constructed cylinders, Vehicles that run on CNG have engines and fuel systems that are optimized for gaseous fuel use. LNG, cooled to -260°F and stored in insulated cryogenic tanks, is used mostly in medium- and heavy-duty vehicles. What Types of Vehicles Run on Natural Gas? According to the Natural Gas Vehicle Coalition (NGVC), there are 130,000 NGVs in the U.S. and 2 million worldwide. Light-duty natural gas vehicles are available in a variety of body styles and can be equipped with dedicated or bi-fuel fueling systems. Dedicated CNG vehicles are designed to run only on CNG; bi-fuel CNG vehicles have two separate fueling systems that enable the vehicle to use either CNG or gasoline. In general, dedicated NGVs demonstrate better vehicle performance and lower emissions than bi-fuel (also referred to as dual-fuel) vehicles because their engines are optimized to run on natural gas. In addition, the vehicle does not have to carry two types of fuel, thereby increasing cargo capacity and reducing weight. In model year 2003, auto manufacturers produced 16 models of light-duty sedans, service vans, passenger vans, and light-duty pickup trucks capable of running on CNG. View current model vear light-duty NGVs Do NGVs Require Special Maintenance Considerations? Maintenance Consideration Description Fuel Tanks High-pressure tarries that hold CNG require periodic inspection and certification by a licenced inspector. Find a certified cylinder inspector. Oil Changes Some natural gas vehicle OEMs now recommend oil change intervals about half as often as similar gasoline or diesel models (10,000 - 12,000 miles.) Refer to the vehicle owners manual or consult the manufacturer to determine proper maintenance intervals. What Are the Benefits of Driving a Natural Gas Vehicle? Benefit Description http://www.eere.energy gov/cleancities/vbg/consumers/printable/cng_print.shtml 12/13/2004 Clean Cities Vehicle Buyer's Guide For Consumers: Natural Gas Vehicles Printable Versi.. Emissions Natural gas vehicles produce fewer emissions than gasoline or diesel fuel vehicles. According to the Natural Gas Vehicle Coalition, vehicles using natural gas can reduce emissions of carbon monoxide (CO) by approximately 70%, non-methane organic gas (NMOG) by 89%, and oxides of nitrogen (NO.) by 87%. Emissions of the principal greenhouse gas (CO2) are reduced by 20% to .30%. In addition, NGVs emit virtually no particulate matter, which has been known to harm human respiratory and cardiovascular systems and cause the haze that often surrounds urban areas. Price The cost of a gasoline-gallon equivalent of CNG can compare favorably to that of gasoline, but varies depending on location. Check out the latest edition of the Alternative Fuel Price Report for regional fuel prices. Domestic The United States produces approximately 87% of the Production natural gas that it consumes; the remaining 13% comes from Canada. Extended Some natural gas vehicle owners report service lives to Service Life ] 3 years longer than gasoline or diesel vehicles and extended time between required maintenance. How Do Natural Gas Vehicles Perform Compared to Gasoline Vehicles? Performance Characteristic Rating Compared to Gasoline Vehicle Horsepower Similar Acceleration Similar Cruising Speed Similar Maintenance Similar/Better Costs Some natural gas fleets have reported lower maintenance costs, including the ability to drive longer distances between oil changes.. Range Similar/Not As Good Bi-fuel vehicles offer a driving range similar to that of gasoline vehicles. The range of dedicated natural gas vehicles is generally less than gasoline vehicles, because of the lower energy content of natural gas. Extra storage tanks can increase range, but the additional weight OX3 http://www,eere,energy. gov/cleanci ties/vbg/consumers/printable/cng_print, slltml 12/13/2004 Alternative Fuels Data Center: Alternative Fueling Station Counts by State and Fuel Type C _/ U.S. Department of Energy - Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Alternative Fuels Data Center Alternative Fueling Station Counts by State and Fuel Type Below you will find a listing of Alternative Fuel Station counts by state and fuel type, CNG- Compressed Natural Gas, E85-85% Ethanol, LPG-Propane, ELEC-Electric, BD-Biodiesei, HY-Hydrogen and LNG-Liquefied Natural Gas. The station counts page is dynamically generated. If you're using a specialized screen reader and are having difficulty understanding the page content, please contact the National Alternative Fuels Hotline at (800)423-1363. The operator can assist you by providing a verbal or written description. As of 12/13/2004 STATE CNG E85 LPG ELEC BD HY LNG by Totals State Alabama ? ? 60 ? 0 50 o 68 Alaska -] E:E1 05 =0 0 50 50 Arizona 29 1 94 44 T ?1 ® 181 Arkansas I E-LI EU -60 0] 50 0 64 California 192 346 519 14 7 35 1115 Colorado 26 10 74 F-4-] it 50 F 125 Connecticut 25 [:j] 29 = F1 50 0 60 Delaware 5 50 F 74 F7o F3 F-o-1 F 10 Dist. of Columbia ? 50 F0 0 0 50 ? ? Florida 33 [ 118 6 3] 50 F 161 Georgia 23 [ 45 33 0? 72 Hawaii ] F_o_1 F_o1 F_6 45 3] 50 0 13 Idaho F9] 33 O o2 ?0 2 F 47 Illinois J F_,71 17 85 0] 0 56 123 Indiana 12 F _o] 43 T 1 1 76 Fo 66 Iowa I ? 59 35 ? F1 56 ? 45 Kansas ] [: [ 53 F 6 41 F T 62 Kentucky F_o_] 4 21 F_o_ 0 a F6_1 25 Louisiana ] F13 To 29 0T o 0 ?0 Q 42 Maine ] F_o_ 0 14 F_o_1 30 50 F 17 Maryland 20 33 28 = 6 F 50 F0 58 Massachusetts :1 5-31 5-1 574 F417 -2 ] 50 0 100 Michigan 15 3? 102 =2 12 1 0 135 Minnesota F4 98 46 F ?2 50 Fo I 150 Mississippi [: [: 26 F_o_ 1 50 Fo_1 27 (Missouri 9? ?7 120 ? ?1 ?0 0? 137 http://www.eere,energy.gov/afdc/infrastructure/station_counts.html?print 12/13/2004 Alternative Fuels Data Center: Alternative Fueling Station Counts by State and Fuel Type (Montana I I 5 1 1 3 I 41 u U U U 52 Nebraska 1 = M 27 -o O1 ?0 M0 34 Nevada :1 17 IE 27 F-o I F-s-I F-, 0 53 New Hampshire F2 0 30 12 4] ?0 0 48 New jersey 18 M1 20 F o o 39 New Mexico ? ? 3 62 TO 2 To o I 76 New York 37 o I 61 F9 0 0 0 107 North Carolina F78 o2 60 0 24 0 0 94 North Dakota ] F74 F2 18 0 F0 F 0 24 Ohio 17 ? 74 F0 8 OO 0 100 Oklahoma 54 ? 86 = 0 0 142 Oregon 16 :T] 49 F4 ] F5 ?0 = 75 Pennsylvania :] 47 : 87 Fo I M F = 137 Rhode Island j © ? F7 ?2 OO ?0 0 15 (South Carolina F4 F -,I 41 =0 FQ ?0 T-Q 47 South Dakota j0 9F 26 F 0 F 0 35 Tennessee [:!I F-,I 49 F 7M 0 Fo-I 55 Texas 39 M 893 © F21 ? © 946 Utah 65 32 F-o I F -11 51 5o-] 1 Vermont =1 [ 14 F-q- a0 a Fo-I 24 Virginia 17 0 39 Fo-T 7 ?0 F2 67 Washington 21 [ 74 F4 12 ?0 F0 112 West Virginia 99 [O OF 0 14 Wisconsin 20 11 65 = 5 o 97 Wyoming 14 1 36 0 3 ?0 F-o-I 54 Totals by Fuel: 889 205 3451 674 177 10 56 5462 Webmaster I Security _&_Privacy I AFDC Home I Weatherization & Intergovernmentai Program Home -I EERE Home US. Department of Energy Content Last Updated: 09/23/2004 http:Hwww.eere energy gov/afdc/infrastructute/statioii-couiits.html?prillt 12/13/2004 Triangle Clean Cities Coalition CO Propane LID Ford F150 +$3000- Comparable CO 30-35% $10-12,000 (LPG) passenger- pickup $5000 to gasoline costs often med duty Chevy Express Fed tax 05 o HC 20-40 /o paid for by delivery & GMC < than NOx 15-99% fuel provider trucks Savanna vans gasoline . PM 80-95% http://www trianglecleancities.org/fs-comp.htm 12/13/2004 Triangle Clean Cities Coalition ,rriangle C lean Cities Coalitiori Fualing Alternative Choices Today Alternative Fuel Comparison 0d7 Vi a n g l e c l e a n c i t i es-. o_r g Fuel Type Applications Manufacturers Vehicle Approx. Emission Refueling Costs Fuel Cost Reductions Infrastructun Biodiesel Light duty All diesel No B20 + 0,15 B20 B100 Easily (LD)and engine incremental 8100 + 0 50 blended in Heavy duty manufactures cost CO 12,6% 432% existing these (HD) diesel Compared HC 11% 563% pumps and vehicles to pre-tax tanks. wholesale NOx +1.2% +58% diesel 1 1 costs, PM 15% 70% Compressed/ LD fleet All major +$3,600 for 10-25% < CO 90-97/o o For home and Liquefied vehicles, OEMs of LID & Honda pre-tax small-med Natural Gas buses, mid- HD vehicles Civic to wholesale fleets- $1,000 CNG/LNG HD trucks, offer bi-fuel & +$60,000 gasoline HC 50-75% $90,0W G d di t d CNG f 40 ft F d t L fl t LN e ca e or ax e arge ee appropriate models, engine CNG/LNG 0.11 < per NOx 35-60% refueling for HD long retrofits transit bus. GGE $250,000+ distance common also vehicles, PM 90%-97% Electric (EV) Neighborhood General Motors Range 33% less Potential zero NEVs are & Hybrid EVs (NEVs) "GEM" Ebus, from No Fed & emissions for EVs if charged in Electric for campus & Advanced $6,500 for State tax, solar charged 110 outlets. (HEV) planned Vehicle GEM to HEVs offer For transit communities, Systems $450,000 significant emission application alternative Orion for reductions over fast charge fuel HEV & TransTeq Transteq conventional 220 volt Electric transit 116 models. available & shuttle passenger CNG/ hybrid electric bus. Ethanol (E- Many LID Diamler No 10-20% > CO 40 /o ° Use existing 85) vehicles Chrysler mini incremental than pre-tax infrastructure available as vans, cost 93 octane w/ flex -fuel Ford Explorer, gas. VOCs 15% modifications, (FFV) Taurus, E10/E-85 e,g rubber capable of Ranger, have 0 053 hoses and running on GM Suburban, excise tax NOx 10% nozzles to either E-85 or Tahoe Yukon reduction prevent , , gasoline, Chevy S10, (27%). PM 20% corrosion. GMC Sonoma Irttp://www.tiiangiecleancities.org/fs-comp.htm 12/13/2004