HomeMy WebLinkAboutAgenda - 03-13-2006-1ORANGE COUNTY
BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
ACTION AGENDA ITEM ABSTRACT
Meeting Date: March 13, 2006
Action Agenda
Item No. 1
SUBJECT: Continuation of Discussion Regarding School Equity Considerations
DEPARTMENT: Commissioners/Manager PUBLIC NEARING: (Y/N) No
ATTACHMENT(S):
03/06/06 CHCCS Chair Memo
03/10/06 OCS Chair Letter
INFORMATION CONTACT:
Barry Jacobs, Chair, 919-245-2125
.John Link or Rod Visser, 919-245-2300
PURPOSE: To continue discussion from the January 20 BOGC annual planning retreat and
several subsequent meetings regarding how the Board may wish to pursue the concept of
school equity.
BACKGROUND: The Board has discussed the topic of school equity at the annual planning
retreat on January 20, 2006, at the January 31 work session, and at the February 16 work
session. Additionally, at the February 9 regular meeting, the Board determined that the
possibility of merging the County's two school systems is not an aspect of school equity that is
to receive further discussion at this time.
The Chair has written to both school board chairs to solicit any feedback the Boards of
Education may have regarding the following questions:
1. What is your definition of equity?
2, What school programming aspects would you be most interested in having funded
outside of the per pupil allocation for school current expense?
3. (For the Orange County Board of Education) Do you want more funding? If so,
how do you see that coming about?
The BOCC has subsequently asked both school boards if they would have any interest in
having the authority to levy property taxes for school funding (assuming North Carolina law were
amended to permit such authority).
Communication from both school systems providing feedback to these questions is included for
the BOCC's review and may serve as a useful starting point for discussion at this March 13 work
session.
FINANCIAL IMPACT: There is no financial impact associated directly with discussion of this
item. However, decisions that the Board may make subsequently will have significant impacts
on school funding, which comprises roughly half of Orange County's annual operating budget.
RECOMMENDATION(S): The Manager recommends that the Board discuss the school equity
topic and provide appropriate direction to staff.
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Dr. Shirley Carraway (919) 732-8126 Telephone
Superintendent (919)732-8120 Fax
www,orange.k 12.nc.us
March 10, 2006
Mr. John Link, County Manager
Board of County Commissioners
P.O. Box 8181
Hillsborough, NC .27278
Dear Mr Link and Board of Commissioners:
For the past several years, our community has presented, researched, and discussed the issue of funding
equity between Chapel Hill-Cazrboro City Schools and Orange County Schools, Once the discussion of
merger ended, the Board of County Commissioners asked each of our school districts to address several
questions still remaining about funding equity. AC our regular meeting on Monday, March 6, we
discussed these questions and came to consensus on our answers.
1. What is your definition of equity?
Our discussion of this question focused on the issue of fairness, Perhaps the following question
best illustrates our Board's sentiments about equity and fairness: If the Board of County
Commissioners were to suip away the district tax from the Chapel Hill-Carrboro system, world
the per-pupil expenditures alone equip the school districts to meet the needs of a!l students in
both districts? If the answer is "yes," then there is funding equity between the districts; each
school system gets what it needs from per-pupil funding. If without the district tax, Chapel Hill-
Carrboro Schools could not meet the needs of its students, then there is not funding equity. It
would be evident that the district tax is providing essentials that should be provided through per-
pupil funding.
2. What school programming aspects would you be most interested in having funded outside
the per-pupil allocation for school current expenses?
For several reasons, we are relucCant to venture outside the per-pupil funding mechanism. First, it
is Che statutory responsibility of the Board of Education to make spending decisions I'or our
schools; the BOCC has always been careful not to infringe on this responsibility. We also believe
ChaC stepping away from per-pupil funding may set a precedenC from which it may be difficult Co
retreat.. In addition, funding programs outside the per-pupil allocation would not address the gap
the Chapel Hill-Carrboro disllict tax creates. And finally, we aze concerned that, over time, this
type of funding might result in reduction of per-pupil funding,
Having expressed these concerns, we would be open to further discussions about funding health
and safety programs, such as SROs and school nurses, outside the per-pupil mechanism - as long
as educational programs are addressed in the usual manner.
Link. John and Board of County Commissioners March 9 2006 Page 2
3. Do you want more funding? ff so, how do you see that coming about?
Without hesitation, we answer together: yes, we want and need more funding.
We also believe that it is beyond the scope of our charge as the Board of Education to decide how
to increase funding. Our responsibility is to articulate the needs of our district; the BOCC has the
authority, the power, and the responsibility Co determine how to fund those needs.
4. Does the Orange County Board of Education wish to pursue discussions of taxing authority
for the school system's budget after the current budget cycle?
Before we can answer this question satisfactorily, we need more information.. For example, how
does the BOCC see school system taxing authority working in a county with two school districts
-and two vastly different tax bases? If we had taxing authorityy, would we also have the authority
to determine development of property in our portion of the county?
We appreciate the opportunity to respond to your questions, and we hope that our responses add clarity to
your discussions.
Sincerety,
Randy Copeland, Chair
Chair, Orange County Board of Education
/pmc
cc :Board of Education
IO: Barry Tacobs, Chair
Board of County Conunissioners
FROM: Lisa Shrckey, Chair
CHC.CS Board of Education
RE: Response to Request to Respond to Questions Regarding Equity
DATE: March 6, 2006
At your request, the Chapel Hill-Canboro City Schools Board of Education discussed
responses to the questions that you recently for-warded to me pertaining to equity, Below, I
have written a response to each question that is intended to capture the consensus of our Board..
We appreciate the oppor-Cunity to provide input into the process while at the same time
recognize that the Conunissioners and the Boards of Education have different roles and
responsibilities with respect to equity.
6~Iznt is your definition of equity?
For decades, the courts have struggled with defining equity,. It is a complex issue mice
one accepts the premise that `"equal" funding is not necessu~ily "equitable." Districts' student
populations vary in terms of needs, cost of living indices fluctuate, capital needs in districts that
are growing or that have older buildings in need of r°epair at°e greater, and supplemental funding
from federal grants and private cmrhibutions can impact the level of overall resources. These
issues are cmnpounded by the question of how much latitude should a community have to
supplement a basin level of state funding. fii North Carolina, equity with respect to state
funding was defined raider the Basic Education Plan as providing basically the same level of
resources based on ADM. More recently in the Leandro case, equity is associated with
achieving comparable shtdent outcomes.
At the local level, the Board of County Commissioners has considered several ways to
look aC equity. At a work session on April 20, 2005, the following possibilities were proposed:
1. Absolute funding equity (e.g. local or total annual per pupil fimding identical between
school systems).
2. Progranunatic equity (e.g. all OCS & CHCCS students with access to all of each
system's programs)..
3. Or -somewhere between these two ends of the spectrum, and/or some combination of
funding and progranunatic equity.
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In years past, the Commissioners bad a goal of the two school districts' total per-
pupil fiuiding being within 5 percent of each other. That goal was achieved, but when the
Chapel Hill- Can-bor~o City Schools began building schools (six since 1994), it became
necessary to rely on the district tax for the added, ongoing costs associated with the
operation of new schools. Since then, the disparity between the two school districts has
steadily gtrown With CHCCS likely to open three new schools within the next six years,
this scenario is likely to play out again. Consequently, it is unlikely that this definition of
equity will be met.
If also is um-ealistic to thiiilc that every opportunity in each school district could be
made available to students in the other district who desire to participate in the program,
Initial efforts last year to permit students Co attend programs in the other district did not
prove to be attractive to students. It also would not be desirable oi° i°easonable to try to
mandate that both school districts offer the same prog~°ams. This compromises the
authority and responsibility of each of the Boards of Education.
Defining, let alone achieving, equity has proved to be an elusive goal for more
than a decade. As long as there are two school districts serving different populations with
different expectations and priorities, it is unlikely that equal funding or equal access to
programs will be achieved, It is the responsibility of the CHCCS School Board to set
policy and broadly direct its superintendent to achieve our mission: "to enable all
students to acquire, through programs of excellence and fairness, the la7owledge, skills
and insights necessary to live r°ewarding, productive lives in an ever-changing society."
At its March 2 meeting, the Board of Education discussed funding equity
generally. Members expressed concern about a lack of full knowledge of conditions
outside ou~° district. They noted the defeat of the OCS special district tax
referendum, the need fm• 6iglrer taxes if funding is to increase, and that both
districts are among the highest fmtded in the state. The Board concluded that one
of its primary rotes is to advocate for the ~°esources necessary to provide the
educational services to achieve its mission and drat its constituents expect for the
children of this community. We greatly appreciate the Commissioners' steadfast
support for education in the County. We also ~°ecognize that with a growing
population and increased academic expectations from the national, state, and local
levels, we will need additional funding to meet all of om- challenges. Therefore, we
can neithe~• p~°opose nor support any approach toward equity that would ,jeopardize
the increasing resom-ces that we will need to maintain and enhance the quality, of
education.
What school progranuning aspects tivozzld you be most izzterested izz having
funded outside of the per pupil allocatiozz for school current expense?
One means that the Commissioners have proposed for creating greater equity
between the two school districts is by providing funding from outside the per-pupil
appropriation. The Board of Education supports this approach as long as finding that is
directed to these endeavors does not supplant or,jeopardize the per-pupil appropriations
made to the school districts.
At our meeting, the Board of Education considered ten prrogrammatic areas
that might be funded outside the per pupil allocation. Our Board decided that the
areas that would be best suited for direct funding by the County are those that relate
directly to health and safety and in which there is some connection with services that
the County cm•rently provides. Therefore, the following areas for joint funding are
proposed:
1. After-school programs (including transportation)
2. School Resource Officers and Crossing Guards
3. School Nurses (assume funding for all school nurses, with a minimum of one
per school)
4. School Social Workers (assume funding for all school social workers, with a
minimum of one per school
Do the Orazzge County/Chapel Hill-Carrboro City School Boards of
Education fvislz to pzusue discrzssions of taxing ant/zority for the school
systems' budget after the current budget cycle?
The CHCCS Board of Education has previously taken a position in support of
providing local school boards with taxing authority. This is the position that the North
Carolina School Boards Association has taken in recent years. The Board confirmed this
position at its March 2, 2006 meeting.
Many North Carolinians may not realize that fiscally independent school boards
are the none across the country. According to the North Carolina School Boards
Association, "Over 80 percent of the school boards in the United States have tax levying
authority. School boards are the only elected governing bodies in North Carolina that do
not have the ability to raise some or all of their ftmds. It would require legislative action,
but not a constitutional amendment, to grant school boards taxing authority."
The major arguments for Caxing authority relate to accountability and local control.
Boards of Education are increasingly held accountable for' meeting student achievement
goals; however, they don't have the power to raise the revenues that they need to do the
job. School boards also find themselves in the position of wanting to implement new
programs or eiilrance resources, but they don't laiow whet7rer or not they will have
sufficient funding until the County Commissioners approve an appropr°iation in .June. A
good example of that this year is our commitment to implement a 7-period day next year,
but we won't laiow until .Tune if we will have sufficient local funds By that Cime, the
district will have already committed to a schedule for next year, Not having control over
one's funds makes it extremely difficult to plan.
For these reasons, the Board of Education is interested in explot•ing with the
Comrty Commissioners the possibility of providing taxing authm•ity to om• Board of
Education.