HomeMy WebLinkAboutAgenda 09-07-1993 - VIII-C 1
ORANGE C O U N T Y
BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
ACTION AGENDA ITEM ABSTRACT
Meeting Date: September 7, 1993
Agenda Abstract
Item # 11Lar-L,
SUBJECT: PROPOSED ZONING ORDINANCE TEXT AMENDMENT
(ARTICLES 6 .23 - 6.25 IMPERVIOUS SURFACE REGULATED)
DEPARTMENT: Planning PUBLIC HEARING: Yes X No
ATTACHMENT(S) : INFORMATION CONTACT:
Proposed Ordinance Amendment Planning Director X2592
Draft 5/24/93 Public Hearing
Minutes PHONE NUMBERS:
Planning Director 7/28/93 Hillsborough 732-8181
Memorandum Mebane 227-2031
County Attorney 8/9/93 Letter Durham 688-7331
Draft 8/16/93 Planning Board Chapel Hill 967-9251
Minutes
PURPOSE: To consider a proposed Zoning Ordinance text amendment
which would permit property owners to satisfy
impervious surface ratios in protected watersheds
through provision of a perpetual conservation easement
on adjoining property.
BACKGROUND: In November, 1984, Orange County's watershed
protection standards were updated. Included among
the revisions were changes to required impervious
surface ratios. The schedule of ratios adopted in
1984 is shown in Table 6.23.4 and were revised based
on the recommendations of TJCOG.
One year later, another amendment was adopted to
address the difficulties experienced by some
property owners in meeting the ratios contained in
Table 6 .23.4 . Provisions were added which would
permit individual property owners to apply for a
modification of the impervious surface ratios. The
specific provisions applicable to such situations
are contained in Article 8. 8 .26.
One situation which prompted the amendment was that
of the Orange Grove Volunteer Fire Department. In
June of 1985, the Board of Adjustment had denied a
request by the Fire Department for a variance of the
impervious surface ratio and percentage of
undisturbed area applicable in Cane Creek Watershed.
The subsequent amendment which added Article 8.8 .26
did nothing to assist the Fire Department in terms
of its expansion plans.
2
Near the end of 1990, the situation involving the
Orange Grove Fire Department was brought to the
attention of the Planning Department again.
Representatives of the Fire Department asked the
Planning Staff to review its plans to determine if
anything could be done which would permit the
expansion. After considerable study, two
alternatives were suggested.
The first alternative involved amending the
ordinance provisions to allow a waiver of impervious
surface ratios for governmental protective and
emergency service agencies. The second involved the
granting of a perpetual easement on adjoining
property [rather than actual fee simple
acquisition] , limiting development and satisfying
the impervious surface ratios indirectly. Of the two
alternatives, the County Attorney felt that the
latter one offered a possible solution to the Fire
Department's problem.
Although the Fire Department has not actively
pursued such an amendment, recent events have
suggested that changes be considered again. One
situation involved the proposed construction of a
new school located on a site partially in University
Lake Watershed. To satisfy impervious surface limits
and permit construction to proceed, a solution
involving collection and disbursement of stormwater
outside the watershed was developed. Although not in
Orange County's jurisdiction, the school situation
highlighted a potential problem for the County,
given the approval of bond funding for new school
construction.
More recently, Orange County has been working toward
identifying and constructing sites for recycling
centers. The difficulty of installing such centers
in watersheds was emphasized when a determination
was made that an existing "green box" site could not
be used because of insufficient land area being
available to satisfy impervious surface ratios.
While the site in question is existing, the same
concern applies to new sites, several of which are
to be located in watershed areas. As an example,
recycling centers would have an impervious surface
area of approximately one acre. To adhere to a 12
percent impervious surface limit, the total site
would have to be slightly more than eight acres in
size.
While the focus to date has been almost exclusively
on public facilities, the same difficulties could
just as easily be experienced by privately owned,
non-residential development. Examples which come to
mind are existing churches, community centers or
neighborhood convenience stores wanting to expand
3
but lacking sufficient area to satisfy impervious
surface standards.
The proposed amendment would permit a land owner to
satisfy the impervious surface limitations in
protected watersheds through approval and
recordation of a conservation agreement. The
agreement between Orange County and a land owner
would prohibit development of land in a protected
watershed in perpetuity. [Note: Orange County would be
the owner of the easements. ] In such cases, a
modification of the required impervious surface
ratios could be approved administratively but only
to the extent that additional land in the same
watershed is conserved or protected from
development. Furthermore, the land which would be
subject to a conservation agreement must be adjacent
to the land proposed for development and for which a
modification of the impervious surface ratios is
sought.
This item was considered at public hearing on May 24,
1993 . Two persons spoke in favor of the proposal.
Copies of the draft public hearing minutes are
provided.
At the June 21, 1993 meeting of the Planning Board, a
question arose about the wording contained in the first
sentence of Section 6.24.4, Subsection b. Specifically,
the Board focused on the "in perpetuity" provision and
the hypothetical case of a farmer who provided a
conservation easement. If the impervious surface
requirements were eliminated at some future date, could
the farmer have the easement dissolved, given the
existence of the perpetuity provision? The Board's
concern was that Orange County may seek to hold onto
such an easment even though the purpose for its
creation was no longer valid.
The Planning Board also questioned the wording of G.S.
121-38 (c) which states that conservation agreements
may be for shorter "stipulated" periods of time.
Specifically, must there be a specific ending date or
could wording be added [to the ordinance or the
agreement] which indicated that the agreement is void
if the ordinance provisions were terminated/eliminated?
The County Attorney's response to the above questions
is provided in his attached August 9, 1993 letter.
At its August 16, 1993 meeting, the Planning Board
considered the proposed amendment, including the County
Attorney's comments, and recommended approval of the
proposal as presented at public hearing. The Planning
Board vote was 8-1.
RECOMMENDATION: The Administration recommends approval of the proposed
amendment per the Planning Board recommendation.
4
PROPOSED ORDINANCE/PLAN AMENDMENT
ORDINANCE/PLAN: Zoning -Ordinance
REFERENCE: Article 6 . 23 . 4 - Impervious Surface Regulated in Protected
.Watersheds
Article 6 . 24 . 6 - Impervious Surface' Regulated in Water
Quality Critical Areas
Article 6 . 25. 4 - Impervious Surface Regulated [ULW]
ORIGIN OF AMENDMENT: _X_Staff Planning Board BOCC X Citizen
Other:
STAFF PRIORITY RECOMMENDATION: _X_High Middle Low
PUBLIC HEARING DATE: May 24 , 1993
PURPOSE OF AMENDMENT
To provide a method of satisfying the impervious surface ratios
required in protected watersheds.
IMPACTS/ISSUES
In November, 1984 , Orange County's watershed protection standards
were updated. Included among the revisions were changes to required
impervious surface ratios. The schedule of ratios adopted in 1984 is
contained in Table 6. 23 . 4 and were revised based on the recommendations
of TJCOG.
One year later, another amendment was adopted to address the
difficulties experienced by some property owners in meeting the ratios
contained in Table 6. 23 . 4 . Provisions were added which would permit
individual property owners to apply for a modification of the impervious
surface ratios. The specific provisions applicable to such situations
are contained in Article 8 . 8 . 26 .
One situation which prompted the amendment was that of the Orange
Grove Volunteer Fire Department. In June of 1985, the Board of
Adjustment had denied a request by the Fire Department for a variance of
the impervious surface ratio and percentage of undisturbed area
applicable in Cane Creek Watershed. The subsequent amendment which added
Article 8 . 8 . 26 did nothing to assist the Fire Department in terms of its
expansion plans.
Near the end of 1990, the situation involving the Orange Grove Fire
Department was brought to the attention of the Planning Department
again. Representatives of the Fire Department asked the Planning Staff
to review its plans to determine if anything could be done which would
permit the expansion. After considerable study, two alternatives were
suggested. The first alternative involved amending the ordinance
provisions to allow a waiver of impervious surface ratios for
governmental protective and emergency service agencies. The second
5
involved the granting of a perpetual easement on adjoining property
[rather than actual fee simple acquisition] , limiting development and
satisfying the impervious surface ratios indirectly. Of the two
alternatives, the County Attorney felt that the latter one offered a
possible solution to the Fire Department' s problem.
Although the Fire Department has not actively pursued such an
amendment, recent events have suggested that changes be considered
again. One situation involved the proposed construction of a new school
located on a site partially in University Lake Watershed. To satisfy
impervious surface limits and permit construction to proceed, a solution
involving collection and disbursement of stormwater outside the
watershed was developed. Although not in Orange County' s jurisdiction,
the school situation highlighted a potential problem for the County,
given the approval of bond funding for new school construction.
More recently, Orange County has been working toward identifying
and constructing sites for recycling centers. The difficulty of
installing such centers in watersheds was emphasized when a
determination was made that an existing "green box" site could not be
used because of insufficient land area being available to satisfy
impervious surface ratios; While the site in question is existing, the
same concern applies to new sites, several of which are to be located in
watershed areas. As an example, recycling centers would have an
impervious surface area of approximately one acre. To adhere to a 12
percent impervious surface limit, the total site would have to be
slightly more than eight acres in size.
While the focus to date has been almost exclusively on public
facilities, the same difficulties could just as easily be experienced by
privately owned, non-residential development. Examples which come to
mind are existing churches, community centers or neighborhood
convenience stores wanting to expand but lacking sufficient area to
satisfy impervious surface standards.
The current difficulties are addressed in the State-mandated
watershed protection standards which must be implemented by Orange
County no later than January 1, 1994 . The original schedule for
implementation of the watershed protection standards called for a public
hearing in May of 1993 . However, because of pressing nature of other
issues, the public hearing was moved back to August 1993 .
In the State-mandated standards, localities will have a choice of
adopting "low" or "high" density options. The low density option relies
on minimum lot sizes or impervious surface limits as the basis for
watershed protection. This varies with current County standards which
employs both lot size and impervious surface limits.
In contrast, the high density option allows greater impervious
surface coverage if engineered stormwater controls [wet detention
basins] are installed to control the first inch of rainfall. The amount
of impervious surface or built upon area is limited to 30 percent for
residential development and 70 percent for non-residential in that
portion of a watershed beyond a Critical Area. In the case of non-
6
•
residential development, the amount of land occupied by such uses may
not exceed five percent of the watershed area beyond a Critical Area.
In either of the cases cited above, the local government is
required to assume ultimate responsibility for operation and maintenance
of the stormwater controls, including a requirement to inspect such
controls at least once per year to determine whether the controls are
performing as designed and intended. Approval of such controls must be
conditioned on the posting of adequate financial assurance by the
applicant in the form of a cash deposit or security performance bond
made payable to the local government. Local governments may also form a
stormwater utility as a means of funding the operation and maintenance
of stormwater controls which have been dedicated to them.
Because of the financial and staffing implications of such
requirements, amendments concerning the use of stormwater controls are
to be considered at the August public hearing on the State-mandated
watershed protection standards. However, a proposal to permit the use of
conservation easements has been prepared, since the County has obtained
special legislation to acquire a lesser interest to real property by
easement for the purpose of preserving open space, including the
conservation of watershed areas.
EXISTING/PROPOSEED ORDINANCE/PLAN PROVISIONS
New wording is highlighted in boldface. Changes recommended by the
County Attorney are highlighted in italics.
*6. 23 . 4 Impervious Surface Regulated in Protected Watersheds
*Amended An impervious surface is a surface composed of any
11-20-84 material which impedes or prevents the natural
11-19-85 infiltration of water into the soil. Such surfaces
1-7-86 shall include any concrete or asphalt surface. These would
include, but not be limited to, streets and parking areas,
sidewalks, patios and structures which cover the land. As a
watershed becomes developed the amount of impervious surface
increases causing a decrease in soil absorption of stormwater
runoff and an increase in direct runoff to streams and other
water bodies resulting in an increase in potential water
pollution.
In order to promote infiltration of stormwater
runoff into the soil and to minimize direct and
immediate runoff into streams and water supply
impoundments, impervious surface ratios shall be
required as provided in the Table of Impervious
Surface Ratios Section 6. 23 . 4 .
Modifications of the Impervious Surface Ratios may be
requested, however, through one of the following provisions:
a. As a Class A Special Use in accordance with the
provisions of Section 8 of this Ordinance. In no case
shall a modification be granted for property located in a
7
designated Water Quality Critical Area, and no
modification granted under the provisions of Section 8
shall exceed the ratios established in Section 6. 23 . 4 for
the Protected Watershed (PW-II) District by more than
five percent (5%) ; or
b. Through approval and recordation of a conservation
agreement, as provided in Article 4 of Chapter 121 of the
N.C. General Statutes, between Orange County and a land
owner that prohibits development of land in a protected
watershed in perpetuity. In such cases, a modification of
the required impervious surface ratios may be approved
administratively but only to the extent that additional
land in the same watershed is conserved or protected from
development. In such instances, the land which will be
subject to a conservation agreement must be adjacent to
the land proposed for development and for which a
modification of the impervious surface ratios is sought.
As an example, a person owning a 40, 000 square foot lot
and subject to a 12 percent impervious surface ratio
would be limited to 4, 800 square feet of impervious
coverage. If the person's plans called for 5, 500 square
feet of coverage (a difference of 700 square feet) , the
recording of a conservation easement on 5,833 square feet
of contiguous property would satisfy the impervious
surface ratio requirements. (12% of 5,833 square feet is
700 square feet. )
The conservation agreement shall describe the property
restricted in a manner sufficient to pass title, provide
that its restrictions are covenants that run with the
land and, in form, be approved by the County Attorney.
The conservation agreement shall, upon its recording, be
in the place of a first priority lien on the property
(excepting current ad valorem property taxes) and shall
remain so unless, with the approval of Orange County, it
is released or terminated. Orange County shall require
the priority of the conservation agreement to be
certified by an attorney-at-law, licensed to practice law
in the State of North Carolina and approved to certify
title to real property by a lending institution (bank or
savings and loan association) doing business in Orange
County.
Orange County approval of a release or termination of the
conservation agreement shall be declared on the document
releasing or terminating the agreement. The document
shall be signed by the Orange County Manager, upon
approval of the Orange County Board of Commissioners . No
such document shall be effective to release or terminate
the conservation agreement until it is filed for
registration with the Register of Deeds of Orange County.
8
Impervious surface calculations for an individual
development shall be cumulative for original
construction and any subsequent additions and
calculations of impervious surface coverage for
individual lots shall include that portion of a
right-of-way between the center line of the street
and the abutting property line of the lot.
*********************************************
6 . 24 . 6 Impervious Surface Regulated in Protected Watersheds
Amended
11-19-85 An impervious surface is a surface composed of any
material which impedes or prevents the natural - -
infiltration of water into the soil. Such surfaces
shall include, but not be limited to, streets and
parking areas, sidewalks, patios and structures
which cover the land. As a watershed becomes
developed the amount of impervious surface
increases causing a decrease in soil absorption of
stormwater runoff and an increase in direct runoff
to streams and other water bodies resulting in an
increase in potential water pollution.
In order to promote infiltration of stormwater
runoff into the soil and to minimize direct and
immediate runoff into streams and water supply
impoundments, impervious surface ratios shall be
required as provided in the Table of Impervious
Surface Ratios Section 6 . 23 . 4 . Modifications of
the Impervious Surface Ratios may be requested,
however, in accordance with the provisions of
Section 6.23 .4 .
Impervious surface calculations for an individual
development shall be cumulative for original
construction and any subsequent additions and
calculations of impervious surface coverage for
individual lots shall include that portion of a
right-of-way between the centerline of the street
and the edge the abutting property line of the lot.
*********************************************
*6. 25. 4 Impervious Surface Regulated
*Amended An impervious surface is a surface composed of any
4-2-90 material which impedes or prevents the natural
infiltration of water into the soil. Impervious
surfaces shall include both paved and unpaved
surfaces, including, but not limited to, streets
and parking areas, driveways, sidewalks, patios,
and structures which cover the land.
9
In order to promote the infiltration of stormwater
runoff into the soil and to minimize direct and
immediate runoff into streams and University Lake
reservoir, impervious surface ratios shall be
required as provided in the Table of Impervious
Surface Ratios for University Lake Watershed -
Section 6. 25. 4 . Modifications of the Impervious
Surface Ratios may be requested, however, in
accordance with the provisions of Section 6.23 .4 .
Impervious surface calculations for an individual
lot shall be cumulative, including the original
construction and any subsequent additions thereto.
The calculation of impervious surface coverage for
an individual lot shall also include one-half of
the street surface on which the lot fronts or
abuts; provided, however, the impervious surface
calculation will not include the surface of any
street existing on April 2, 1990 unless the street
is upgraded to a greater width. In such cases,
only the additional width shall be included in
calculating the 'impervious surface coverage.
It is the intent of this section that the
impervious surface limitations specified herein
shall apply to the entire tract to be developed.
Therefore, if the subdivision involves the creation
of any street or other impervious surface
outside the boundaries of the lots so created, then the
total impervious surface allocation may be
determined as follows:
a. The total area of permissible impervious
surface for the entire subdivision shall be
calculated, applying the percentage
limitations set forth in Table 6. 25. 4 .
b. From the total area calculated pursuant to a.
above, there shall be subtracted the
impervious surface area within streets and
other areas outside of the individual lot
boundaries.
c. Following the calculation set forth in b.
above, the remaining permissible impervious
surface shall be allocated equally to each lot
by the subdivider or as may be approved by the
Zoning Officer. The allocation shall be
indicated on a separate document recorded
together with the final subdivision plat.
For conventional subdivisions to be developed in
accordance with the provisions of Article 6 . 25. 1
and cluster subdivisions 'to be developed in
accordance with the provisions of Article 6. 25 . 3 ,
10
an impervious surface limitation of six percent
(6%) shall apply to the entire tract to be
developed. • For an existing lot of record to be
developed in accordance with the provisions of
Article 6. 25. 2b. , the full range of impervious
surface ratios specified in Table 6. 25. 4 is
applicable.
*********************************************
ORDINANCE REVIEW COMMITTEE:
PLANNING BOARD REVIEW:
BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS REVIEW:
11
5 1 :}
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d. Impervious Surface Standards
Planning Director Marvin Collins presented this item to receive
public comment. The purpose of this amendment would add a provision to Article
6 of the Zoning Ordinance which would permit property owners to satisfy
impervious surface ratios in protected watersheds through provision of a
perpetual conservation easement on adjoining property. This particular
amendment was generated by a request from the Orange Grove Volunteer Fire
Department and has implications for the County's recycling- center sites and it
may have implications for other rural fire departments or similar public uses.
It does allow conservation easements for meeting the requirements of the
impervious surface standards .
QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS FROM THE COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OR MEMBERS OF THE PLANNING
BOARD
Commissioner Gordon questioned how this would work and Mr.
Collins referred to an example in the agenda abstract and explained how this
amendment would apply to a parcel of land.
THE PUBLIC HEARING WAS OPEN FOR CITIZEN COMMENTS
Mr. Edward S. .Johnson, President of the Orange Grove Volunteer
Fire Company, stated that the zoning requirements have put the Fire Company in
a box for about eight years. They wanted to expand eight years ago and asked
for a variance which was denied. The fire station is beyond capacity at this
time and they urgently need to expand. The only other alternative is for them
to purchase additional land. They plan to purchase some additional land but
do not want to buy two acres.
Charles Snipes explained that he is willing to give up a small
parcel of land for the expansion of the fire station but does not want to give
up two acres.
A motion was made by Commissioner Willhoit, seconded by
Commissioner Insko to refer this item to the Planning Board and to adjourn the
public hearing until 7 : 30 p.m. on August 4 , -1993 to receive the Planning Board
recommendations.
VOTE: UNANIMOUS
D. ADJOURNMENT
With no further items to be considered by the Board, Chair Carey
adjourned the public hearing. The next regular meeting of the Board of County
Commissioners will be held on May 27 , 1993 at 7 :30 p.m. in Superior Courtroom,
Hillsborough, North Carolina.
Moses Carey, Jr. , Chair
Debra Graham, Acting Clerk
Beverly A. Blythe, Clerk
12
ARTICLE 4.
Conservation and Historic Preservation
.Agreements Act.
§ 121-34. Short title.
The title of this Article shall be known as the "Historic Preserva-
tion and Conservation Agreements Act." (1979, c. 747, s. 1.)
Legal Periodicals. — For an article For an article entitled, "Preservation
entitled, "A Decade of Preservation and Law 1976-1980: Faction, Property
Preservation Law," see 11 N.C. Cent. Rights and Ideology," see 11 N.C. Cent.
L.J. 214 (1980).
For an article entitled,"Reaffirmation L.J. 276 (1980).
of Local Initiative: North Carolina's For an article entitled, The North
1979 Historic Preservation Legislation," Carolina Historic Preservation and Con-
see 11 N.C. Cent. L.J. 243 (1980). servation Agreements Act: Assessment
For an article entitled, "Revolving and Implications for Historic Preserve-
Funds:In the Vanguard of the Preserva- tion,"see 11 N.C. Cent. L.J. 362 (1980).
tion Movement," see 11 N.C. Cent. L.J.
256 (1980).
§ 121-35. Definitions.
Subject to any additional definitions contained in this Article, or
unless the context otherwise requires:
(1) A "conservation agreement" means a right, whether or not
stated in the form of a restriction, reservation, easement,
covenant or condition, in any deed, will or other instru-
ment executed by or on behalf of the owner of land or
improvement thereon or in any order of taking, appropri-
ate to retaining land or water areas predominantly in their
natural, scenic or open condition or in agricultural, horti-
cultural, farming or forest use, to forbid or limit any or all
(1) construction or placing of buildings, roads, signs,
billboards or other advertising, utilities or other structures
on or above the ground, (ii) dumping or placing of soil or
other substance or material as landfill, or dumping or plac-
ing of trash, waste or unsightly or offensive materials, (iii)
removal or destruction of trees, shrubs or other vegetation,
(iv) excavation, dredging or removal of loam, peat, gravel,
soil, rock or other mineral substance in such manner as to
affect the surface, (v) surface use except for agricultural,
farming, forest or outdoor recreational purposes or pur-
poses permitting the land or water area to remain predom-
inantly in its natural condition; (vi) activities detrimental
to drainage, flood control, water conservation, erosion con-
trol or soil conservation, or (vii) other acts or uses detri-
mental to such retention of land or water areas.
(2) "Holder" means any public body of this State, including the
State, any of its agencies, any city, county, district or other
political subdivision or municipal or public corporation, or
any instrumentality of any of the foregoing, any nonprofit
corporation or trust, or any private corporation or business
entity whose purposes include any of those stated in (1)
and (3), covering the purposes of preservation and conser-
vation agreements.
(3) A "preservation agreement" means a right, whether or not
stated in the form of a restriction, reservation, easement,
covenant, condition or otherwise, in any deed, will or other
instrument executed by or on behalf of the owner of the
land or any improvement thereon, or in any other [order)
of taking, appropriate to preservation of a structure or site
historically significant for its architecture, archaeology or
13
historical associations, to forbid or limit any or all (i) alter-
ation, (ii) alterations in exterior or interior features of the •
structure, (iii) changes in appearance or condition of the
site, (iv) uses not historically appropriate, or (v) other acts
or uses supportive of or detrimental to appropriate preser-
- vation of the structure or site. (1979, c. 747, s. 2.)
Legal Periodicals. — For an article Carolina Historic Preservation and Con-
entitled, "Preservation Law 1976-1980: servation Agreements Act: Assessment
Faction, Property Rights and Ideology," and Implications for Historic Preserve-
see 11 N.C. Cent, L.J. 276 (1980). Lion," see 11 N.C. Cent. L.J. 362 (1980).
For an article entitled, The North
§ 121-36. Applicability.
(a) This Article shall apply to all conservation and preservation
agreements falling within its terms and conditions.
(b) This Article shall not be construed to make unenforceable
any restriction, easement, covenant or condition which does not
comply with the requirements of this Article.
(c) This Article shall not be construed to diminish the powers of
any public entity, agency, or instrumentality to acquire by pur-
chase, gift. devise, inheritance, eminent domain or otherwise and to
use property of any kind for public purposes. (1979, c. 747, s. 3.)
Legal Periodicals. — For an article ments Act:Assessment and Implications
entitled, "The North Carolina Historic for Historic Preservation," see 11 N.C.
Preservation and Conservation Agree- Cent. L.J. 362 (1980).
§ 121-37. Acquisition and approval of conservation
and preservation agreements.
Subject to the conditions stated in this Article, any holder may, in
any manner, acquire, receive or become a party of a conservation
agreement or a preservation agreement. (1979, c. 747, s. 4.)
§ 121-38. Validity of agreements.
(a) No conservation or preservation agreement shall be unen-
forceable because of
(1) Lack of privity of estate or contract, or
(2) Lack of benefit to particular land or person, or
(3) The assignability of the benefit to another holder as defined
in this Article.
(b) Such agreements are interests'in land and may be acquired
by any holder in the same manner as it may acquire other interests
in land.
(c) Such agreements may be effective perpetually or for shorter
stipulated periods of time.
(d) Such agreements may impose present, future, or continuing
obligations on either party to the agreement, or their successors, in
furtherance of the purposes of the agreement. (1979, c. 747, s. 5.)
§ 121-39. Enforceability of agreements.
(a) Conservation or preservation agreements may be enforced by
the holder by injunction and other appropriate equitable relief ad-
ministered or afforded by the courts of this State. Where appropri-
ate under the agreement, damages, or other monetary relief may
also be awarded either to the holder or creator of the agreement or
either of their successors for breach of any obligations undertaken
by either.
14
(b) Such agreements shall entitle representatives of the holder to
enter the involved land or improvement in a reasonable manner
and at reasonable times to assure compliance. (1979, c. 747, s. 6.)
§ 121-40. Assessment of land or improvements sub-
ject to• agreement.
For purposes of taxation, land and improvements subject to a
conservation or preservation agreement shall be assessed on the
basis of the true value of the land and improvement less any reduc-
tion in value caused by the agreement. (1979, c. 747, s. 7.)
Legal Periodicals. — For an article For an article entitled, "The North
entitled, "Preservation Law 1976-1980: Carolina Historic Preservation and Con-
Faction, Property Rights and Ideology," ser'ation Agreements Act: Assessment
see 11 N.C. Cent. L.J. 276 (1980).
and Implications for Historic Preserva-
tion,"see 11 N.C. Cent. L.J. 362 (1980).
CASE NOTES
To find the true value of property the conservation easements. Determin-
subject to conservation easements, ing the highest and best use of the prop-
the State Property Tax Commission erty prior to the granting of the ease-
must determine the market value prior ment is a critical part of the appraisal
to the granting of the easements and process.Rainbow Springs Partnership v.
then reduce that value by applying a County of Macon, — N.C. App. —, 339
damage factor caused by the granting of S.E.2d 681 (1986).
§ 121-41. Public recording of agreements.
(a) Conservation agreements shall be recorded in the office of the
Register of Deeds of the county or counties in which the subject
land or improvement is located, in the same manner as deeds are
now recorded.
(b) Releases or terminations of such agreements shall be re-
corded in the same waiver. Releases or terminations, or the record-
ing entry, shall appropriately identify by date, parties, and book
and pages of recording, the agreement which is the subject of the
release or termination. (1979, c. 747, s. 8.)
Legal Periodicals. — For an article ments Act:Assessment and Implications
entitled, "The North Carolina Historic for Historic Preservation," see 11 N.C.
Preservation and Conservation Agree- Cent. L.J. 362 (1980).
§ 121-42. Citation of Article.
This Article shall be known and may be cited as "Uniform Con-
servation and Historic Preservation Agreement Act." (1979, c. 747,
s. 9.)
ORANGE COUNTY PLANNING DEPARTMENT
15
306F REVERE ROAD
HILLSBOROUGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27278
,. e
q
MEMORANDUM
TO: Geofrey Gledhill, Co nt Attorney
FROM: Marvin Collins, P anning Director
SUBJECT: Proposed Zoning Ordinance Text Amendment -
Impervious Surface Ratios/Protected Watersheds
DATE: July 28 , 1993
COPIES: Mary Willis, Planner III/Current Planning
At the May 24 , 1993 public hearing, a proposed Zoning
Ordinance text amendment was presented which would, if adopted,
allow property owners to satisfy impervious surface requirements in
protected watersheds through the approval and recording of a
conservation agreement. A copy of the proposed amendment is
attached as well as supporting documentation.
At the June 21, 1993 meeting of the Planning Board, a question
arose about the wording contained in the first sentence of Section
6 .24 .4 , Subsection b. Specifically, the Board's concern focused on
the "in perpetuity" provision, and the hypothetical case of a
farmer who provided a conservation easement. If the impervious
surface requirements were eliminated at some future date, could the
farmer have the easement dissolved, given the existence of the
perpetuity provision? The Board's concern was that Orange County
may seek to hold onto such an easment even though the purpose for
its creation was no longer valid.
My response to the Planning Board was that G.S. 121-38 (c)
allowed conservation agreements to be effective in perpetuity or
for a shorter period of time. The Board then questioned the wording
of that statute which states that such agreements may be for
shorter stipulated periods of time. My question to you is, must
there be a specific ending date or could wording be added [to the
ordinance or the agreement] which indicated that the agreement is
void if the ordinance provisions were terminated/eliminated?
My goal is to take the amendment back to the Planning Board at
its August 16, 1993 meeting. Could you provide me answers to the
above questions by August 10?
16
LAW OFFICES
COLEMAN, GLEDHILL & HARGRAVE ALONZO BROWN COLEMAN,JR.
A PROFESSIONAL CORPORATION
GEOFFREY E.GLEDHILL
129 E.TRYON STREET DOUGLAS HARGRAVE
P.O.DRAWER 1529 3M K.STEFFAN
HILLSBOROUGH,NORTH CAROLINA 27278 JANET B.DUTTON
(919)732.2196
FAX(919)732.7997 _
•
August 9 , 1993
- Mr. Marvin Collins
Planning Director ._
Orange County Planning Department � _:. � 4
Post Office Box 8181 =:
Hillsborough, North Carolina 27278
RE: Proposed Zoning Ordinance Text Amendment - Impervious
Surface Ratios/Protected Watersheds - _ .
Dear Marvin:
I have reviewed your July 28, 1993 letter regarding the
Planning Board's concern about Orange County holding "onto [a - -
-' conservation) easement even though the purpose for its creation
was no longer valid. " I do not share the Planning Board's
concern about Orange County's motivation in obtaining
conservation easements. I, therefore, will recommend against any
amendment language which does not require the easement to be one
in perpetuity. As a practical matter, the purpose of the -
- easement ever becoming "invalid" is not great. Further, as a - -_=-
-- practical matter, if for some reason impervious surface :" -
=1 requirements in protected watersheds are ever.. slackened to the
point where the easement is no longer necessary-for that: purpose,
- Orange County would be in a position to and would have no reason_-
__ not to release the property from the easement._. In this regard,: =: _
- it is important to remember that the purpose for the proposed -_
amendment and the conservation easement is to allow private land
owners the right to develop land more intensely than the
Watershed Protection Regulations otherwise provide. .
As a strictly "legal" matter, - conveyance of property for an
indefinite period of time, for example, until an ordinance is
changed, creates an uncertainty in the ."estate" granted -that
risks _the validity of the conveyance itself That is -the reason _
---why the conservation easement enabling legislation requires that
an easement be in perpetuity or for "stipulated" periods of time.
•
Very truly yours,
-offre , - . Gledhill
GEG/lsg
DRAFT PLANNING BOARD MINUTES AUGUST 16, 1993 17
responded lots less than two acres prior to the
new standards can be -built on but will be
considered non-conforming lots. It is not really
a vesting issue but, 'rather if a lot exists at
the time the new regulations become effective,
that lot can be built on, but any new lots
created after that time would have to be two
acres in size.
Mac Jordan, developer, made a statement regarding
the water quality issue. He stated that the
large lots that bordered the Eno and the areas
that would affect water quality are much larger
than the new standards would recommend. He felt
that there would be ample amount of undisturbed
area to protect the river and any water problems
that might occur because of the development.
VOTE: 8 in favor.
2 opposed (Eidenier & Reid - both concerned with
the area of the Eno River being
developed for a possible reservoir.
As a representative of Hillsborough,
Eidenier noted concern with the area
being developed. )
Burklin stated that he was influenced by the lack
of comment and concern from the Town of
Hillsborough. He suggested again that the Town
be encouraged to be more active in such concerns .
AGENDA ITEM #8: MATTERS HEARD AT PUBLIC HEARING (5/24/93)
a. Zoning Ordinance Text Amendment
( 1) Articles 6.23, 6 .24 & 6 . 25 -
Impervious Surface Regulated
Presentation by Marvin Collins.
At the June 21, 1993 meeting of the Planning
Board, a question arose about the wording
contained in the first sentence of Section
6.24 .4 , Subsection b. Specifically, the Board
focused on the "in perpetuity" provision and the
hypothetical case of a farmer who provided a
conservation easement. If the impervious surface
requirements were eliminated at some future date,
could the farmer have the easement dissolved,
given the existence of the perpetuity provision?
The Board's concern was that Orange County may
seek to hold onto such an easement even though
the purpose for its creation was no longer valid.
18
The Planning Board also questioned the wording of
G.S. 121-38 (c) which states that conservation
agreements may be for shorter "stipulated"
periods of time. Specifically, must there be a
specific ending date or could wording be added
(to the ordinance or the agreement) which
indicated that the agreement is void if the
ordinance provisions were terminated/eliminated?
Collins read the County Attorney's response to
the concerns in a letter dated August 9, 1993.
(A copy of the letter is an attachment to these
minutes on page . )
The Planning Staff recommends approval of the
proposed amendment as presented at public
hearing.
Walters again stated that she felt this did not
address the issue of dump sites. Collins
responded that the new watershed regulations
allow only 5% of the total watershed land area to
be occupied by such uses and up to 70% impervious
surface ratio. With the recycling centers being
located in rural watershed areas, the 70%
impervious surface ratio should give the County
sufficient flexibility to develop them and comply
with the watershed standards.
MOTION: Burklin moved approval as recommended by the
Planning Staff. Seconded by Waddell.
VOTE: 8 in favor.
1 opposed (Walters - concerns previously stated)
Boland out of the room during this vote.
AGENDA ITEM #9: MATTERS SCHEDULED FOR PUBLIC HEARING (8/23/93)
a. Comprehensive Plan Text Amendments
( 1) CP-3-93 Bobby Kirk Sr. & Jr.
Presentation by David Stancil.
The proposed amendment would affect a 1/4 mile
radius at the intersection of Orange Grove Road
and Bradshaw Quarry Road (Arthur Minnis Road) in
Bingham Township. Part or all of 16 lots fall
within this radius.
The proposal requests creation of a Rural
Neighborhood Activity Node at the intersection of