HomeMy WebLinkAboutAgenda - 06-28-1994-X-B '. 1.
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OR AN G E C 0 U N T Y
BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
ACTION AGENDA ITEM ABSTRACT
Meeting Date: June 28, 1994
Action Agenda
Item # x_$
SUBJECT: STATUS REPORT ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE REGIONAL BICYCLE PLAN
DEPARTMENT: PLANNING PUBLIC HEARING Yes _x—No
ATTACHMENT(S) : INFORMATION CONTACT: Slade McCalip
Extension 2595
S. McCalip memo of 6/13/94
ISSUE PAPER- "BICYCLE PLANNING & TELEPHONE NUMBERS:
IMPLEMENTATION IN ORANGE COUNTY" Hillsborough-732-8181
Durham -688-7331
Mebane -227-2031
Chapel Hill -967-9251
PURPOSE: To receive information on the status of the implementation
of the Durham-Chapel Hill-Carrboro (DCHC) Regional Bicycle
Plan.
BACKGROUND: In December of 1993 the Transportation Advisory Committee
(TAC) of the DCHC approved the Regional Bicycle Plan. The
TAC then referred the plan to the local governments within
the DCHC Urban Area for use as a bicycle planning
guideline. Information as to recommended implementation
of the plan is provided in the attached MEMORANDUM and
ISSUE PAPER.
RECOMMENDATION: The administration recommends that the Board receive this
report as information and refer to Planning Board the
development of the following:
a) a resolution for consideration by the BOCC concerning
adoption of the Regional Bicycle Plan as a planning
guideline for bicycle facilities in Orange County,
b) a Bicycle Route Suitability Study, and
c) a curriculum of bicycle awareness programs (to be
developed jointly with the Board of Education) .
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MEMORANDUM
TO: Gene Bell, Planner III
FROM: Slade McCalip, Planner II
DATE: June 13, 1994
SUBJECT: Regional Bicycle Plan Implementation.
COPIES: Marvin Collins, Director of Planning, Orange County
Because the Regional Bicycle Plan (RBP) is comprehensive in nature
and attempts to address all aspects of bicycling, the plan tends to
be somewhat long and technical. Attached, for brevity, you will
find an issue paper on Bicycle Planning and Implementation in
Orange County. This issue paper is intended to inform the reader
about; how the RBP came into existence, the intent of the RBP, and
staff recommendations to accomplish the RBP's intent.
There are thirteen staff recommendations that address the
implementation of the RBP. Given the limited amount of staff
resources (one planner part-time) for RBP implementation, one
approach would be to organize the recommendations into a multi-year
work program. Each year objectives would be set to determine the
implementation progress and to program resources.
For FY 95, to begin July 1st, I recommend that the Orange County
Board of Commissioners charge the Planning Board with developing
and recommending:
a) a resolution to be adopted by the BOCC whereby the RBP be
adopted as a planning guideline for bicycle facilities in
Orange County,
b) a Bicycle Route Suitability Study, and
c) bicycle awareness programs (developed jointly with Orange
County Board of Education) .
As mentioned above, this memo is intended to begin the
implementation process for the RBP. Depending on when the above
mentioned tasks have been completed another set of RBP
implementation objectives will be recommended for completion.
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ISSUE PAPER
BICYCLE PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION IN ORANGE COUNTY
I. BACKGROUND AND INTENT OF TAC
In its deliberations on the proposed Durham-Chapel Hill-Carrboro
(DCHC) Thoroughfare Plan, the Transportation Advisory Committee
(TAC) identified the need for regional coordination on bicycle
planning as a necessary adjunct to the coordination on thoroughfare
planning already in progress. The TAC discussed this with
representatives from the NCDOT Bicycle Program. A problem arose in
that Bike Program funds were very limited and could not be used for
planning purposes. The TAC elected to employ a consultant to
prepare a regional plan. Under the TAC's direction, a request-for-
proposals (RFP) was drafted. It identified three basic areas on
which the plan would focus:
1) Increasing public education and awareness of bicycling;
2) developing appropriate enforcement guidelines; and
3) bicycle route planning to develop a regional system.
The plan was to be financed on a proportional basis by Chapel Hill,
Carrboro, the City of Durham, Durham County, and Orange County.
Because of an initial focus on education and enforcement issues,
Orange County was reluctant to participate. However, after
assurances that there would be greater emphasis on the planning of
bicycle routes, the County elected to participate in October of
1991.
Timing on preparation of the Regional Bicycle Plan was fortuitous
in that it coincided with passage of the Intermodal Surface
Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) in December of 1991.
As per ISTEA, for a project (bicycle or otherwise) to be funded by
the state and federal governments, that project must be in the
regionally adopted transportation plan (DCHC Comprehensive
Transportation Plan) . If a project is in the regionally adopted
transportation plan then it is eligible to be included into the
Local (regional) Transportation Improvement Program (LTIP) . After
the LTIP is developed the State Transportation Improvement Program
(STIP) is developed in cooperation with the MPO and in
consideration of the LTIP.
Therefore, in order for Orange County bicycling projects to be
eligible for federal and state funding, these projects should be in
the DCHC Regional Bicycle Plan which is intended (as of the date of
this paper) to be a component of the DCHC Comprehensive
Transportation Plan. It also means that these projects must adhere
to the TIP programming cycles and must be included in the LTIP if
they are to be built.
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II. PLAN OVERVIEW
A) INTENT OF PLAN
The intent of the plan is clearly illustrated by the following
sentences taken from page 8 of the Introduction to the plan:
"The primary emphasis of this Plan is to examine the use of the
bicycle for transportation purposes. This emphasis is necessary in
order to specifically address the transportational mandate set
forth by ISTEA. " "The Regional Bicycle Plan addresses both urban
and rural use of the bicycle for transportation purposes, with
specific emphasis on connections between urban areas. "
B) EIGHT GOALS TO ACHIEVE THE INTENT
1 - Encourage Bicycle Use.
2 - Plan and Establish a Comprehensive Regional Bicycle Route
Network.
3 - Integrate Regional Bicycle Network with Existing and
Future Transportation Planning, Design, and Development.
4 - Improve Bicycle Access by Providing and Upgrading
Facilities that Create a Safe, Complete, and Efficient
System for Bicycling.
5 - Develop an On-Going Bicycle Education Program That is
Flexible and Responsive to the Needs of Regional
Residents.
6 - Develop a Regional Law Enforcement Program to Maintain a
Safe Bicycling Environment for Residents of the Region.
7 - Encourage the Private Sector to Increase Opportunities
for Bicycling to Work, School, Shopping, and Tourism
Facilities.
8 - Utilize Bicycles as a Component of Trip Reduction to
Achieve Better Air Quality Standards and Reduce Traffic
Congestion.
C) PROGRAMS TO ACHIEVE THE GOALS
The plan recommends three types of programs to enhance bicycle
travel: 1) education & awareness, 2) enforcement, and 3) route
planning.
The first two types of programs are intended mainly for areas more
urban in nature, especially Durham and Chapel Hill. The third type
of program will be especially useful for Orange County. A brief
description of each follows:
1) Education & Awareness - Intended to educate bicyclists
and vehicle drivers to prevent injuries to bicyclists.
Programs recommended; Basics of Bicycling intended for
elementary public school children, additional courses for
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middle schools, high schools, and an adult bicycle
education courses. Courses for motorists to include:
bicycle component for driver's education courses, bicycle
questions on the drivers examination, brochures in the
drivers license renewal letters, etc.
2) Enforcement - Update bicycle traffic laws, develop active
enforcement program, develop bicycle registration
program, appoint a "bicycle liaison officer" , develop a
cops on bikes program.
3) Route Planning - By far the largest part of the plan and
includes sections on Urban Planning for a Bicycle-
Friendly Community, Transportation Engineering for a
Bicycle-Friendly Community, Regional Bicycle Route
Planning, and Regional Bicycle Action Plans.
D) TYPES OF BICYCLISTS
GROUP A - ADVANCED BICYCLISTS: Experienced riders that can
operate under most traffic conditions, and comprise
the majority of the current users of collector and
arterial streets.
GROUP B - BASIC BICYCLISTS: Casual or new adult and teenage
riders who are less confident of their ability to
operate in traffic without special provisions for
bicycles.
GROUP C - CHILDREN CYCLISTS: Pre-teen riders whose roadway
use is initially monitored by parents, eventually
they are accorded independent access to the system.
It has been estimated by the Bicycle Federation of America that 5%
of cyclists nationwide would fall into the advanced cyclist
category. Given the number of universities in the Triangle, there
are probably a larger percentage of advanced cyclists. However, it
is unlikely that more than 10% of local cyclists fall into this
category. The majority of cyclists, therefore, are "B/C" cyclists,
or basic and child cyclists.
E) TYPES OF BICYCLE FACILITIES
Bicycle Lanes - Typical design is a 4 '-16 wide paved lane in each
direction adjacent to the vehicle lane, intended for urban areas
and all cyclist types, delineated by a 4"-6" painted white line and
signed appropriately.
Paved Shoulders - Typical design is a 4 '-6' wide paved lane in each
direction adjacent to the vehicle lane, intended for rural areas
and advanced cyclists, delineated by bicycle route signs.
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Bicycle Routes - Typically this would entail the removal of all
bicycle hazards along the route and then placement of signs
designating the route, intended for both urban and rural areas,
plan does not mention design cyclist, factors used to determine how
appropriate a route is are; directness, scenery, and available
services.
Wide Outside Lanes - Usually 14 , wide travel lanes to accommodate
both vehicles and bicycles, intended for urban areas and advanced
cyclists. Not recommended for use by the NCDOT Office of Bicycle
and Pedestrian Transportation, because of the high probability of
vehicle conflicts.
Multi-use Trails - At least 10' wide paved pathways that would have
2 ' shoulders and 2 ' clearance to obstructions, normally closed at
night due to liability considerations, intended for urban\suburban
areas and all three types of cyclists.
III. PLAN RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ORANGE COUNTY
The plan recommends that a complete engineering feasibility study
be performed on each rural route, and that these routes (as
depicted on the Rural Route Map, see attachment 1) have no "obvious
deficiencies that would adversely affect bicyclists, given the
addition of bicycle facilities" . I think it is important to note
that the plan implies that these routes are not ready yet, but may
be adequate if bicycle facilities are built.
A) The plan has the following recommendations for rural bicycle
planning:
1) Additional paving widths (shoulders) be added to bicycle
routes as incidental projects as these routes are
repaved\realigned, not as projects in and of themselves.
2 ) That "Share the Road" signs be placed along the routes to
warn motorists that cyclists frequently use these routes.
3) That each route be assessed for possible hazards to
cyclists and then the hazards be removed.
4) Upon removal of hazards, local governments should develop
route maps for bicycling (each should contain a
disclaimer absolving the county of any liability should
a bicycle accident occur) .
B) The plan also recommends that the following be undertaken
between fiscal year 1993 and 1997:
1) Develop and adopt bicycle policy statement.
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2) Make additions to Comprehensive Plan to include
bicycling.
3) In-service staff training programs should be provided for
city and county transportation and planning staff.
4) Substandard facilities should be identified and
corrected, to avoid municipal liability.
5) Rural route hazard removal should be initiated, "Share
the Road" signs should be installed on rural roadways
identified by Rural Bicycle Route Plan.
6) Adopt zoning ordinances, development ordinances and
standard practices that ensure bicycle friendly land use
development.
7) All outdated bicycle traffic ordinances should be brought
to modern standards. Each jurisdiction should adopt
progressive bicycle parking ordinances.
8) Full scale helmet promotion campaigns should be
implemented in each locality. The bicycle education plan
should be implemented, concentrating on Basics of
Bicycling in public schools. Adult education efforts
should begin, primarily through universities and public
service announcements.
9) The new "Share the Road" segment of the Driver's
Education curriculum should be implemented across the
region, in public schools and through private driver's
training courses. Local bicycle advisory committees
should contact local Driver's Education instructors and
encourage use of new curriculums.
10) Bicycle registration programs should be initiated, or
strengthened in areas where they already exist.
IV. IMPLEMENTATION OPTIONS AND COSTS
The NC DOT does not have estimates of cost by facility type. NC
DOT prefers to develop cost estimates on a case by case basis
because often times there are unique aspects to each bicycle
facility that will affect its cost, i.e. , wetland mitigation,
bridge widening, etc. What is provided below is an "order of
magnitude" type of cost estimate that will allow a comparison of
the different facility types.
Bicycle Lanes - Typical design is a 4'-'6 wide paved lane in each
direction adjacent to the vehicle lane, intended for urban areas.
Average cost is $100,000 to 150,000 per mile (4 ' paved lanes) .
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Paved Shoulders - Typical design is a 4 '-6 ' wide paved lane in each
direction adjacent to the vehicle lane, intended for rural areas.
Average cost is $100,000 to 150,000 per mile (for a 4 ' paved lane
each way) .
Bicycle Routes - Typically this would entail the removal of all
bicycle hazards along the route and then placement of signs
designating the route. Cost would depend on the type and amount of
hazards to be removed.
Wide Outside Lanes - Usually 14 ' wide travel lanes to accommodate
both vehicles and bicycles. If the existing roadway has 12 ' wide
lanes then it would cost approximately $75,000 per mile (2 ' paved
shoulder added to each side of the roadway) . Not recommended for
use by the NCDOT Office of Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation.
Multi-use Trails - At least 10' wide paved pathways that would have
2 ' shoulders and 2 ' clearance to obstructions, normally closed at
night due to liability considerations. Approximate cost is
$200,000 per mile. Based on estimated cost for Phase I of the
American Tobacco Trail project in Durham which will be 12 ' wide and
will have four bridges.
These estimates do not include right-of-way, bridging, lighting,
signage, parking racks or other costs (except for the Multi-use
Trail estimated costs) . They were developed based upon cost
estimates for existing projects and information provided by NC DOT.
V. ROLE OF NCDOT BICYCLE PROGRAM
The NC DOT Office of Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation has the
overall responsibility for bicycle planning at the state level.
They also make recommendations on which bicycle projects should be
included in the State Transportation Improvement Program (STIP) ,
see attachment 2. Should a project be included in the STIP, a
feasibility study will be performed to determine the project's
potential costs and benefits. At each phase of analysis the North
Carolina Board of Transportation reviews the Office's
recommendations and makes the final recommendation as to what is or
is not studied or built.
VI. STATUS OF THE PLAN IN OTHER JURISDICTIONS
Durham: There is currently some debate by staff on whether
the DCHC adopted Regional Bicycle Plan needs to be
taken to the Durham City Council and the Durham
County Commissioners for their adoption. They have
a local plan which was developed and implemented at
the local level (with the city contributing funds)
through the old NC DOT (pre-ISTEA) program. Durham
is currently planning on hiring a full-time Bicycle
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Coordinator to facilitate their urban bicycle
planning program.
Chapel Hill: Currently the Town Council has referred the
Regional Bicycle Plan to the following boards;
Transportation, Planning, Greenways, and Bicycle.
Each board is expected to review the plan and
determine whether it should be adopted by the Town
Council. On May 9th, 1994 the Town Council adopted
a resolution to use the plan as a guideline (see
attached resolution) . They also have a local plan
which was developed and implemented at the local
level (with the town contributing funds) through
the old NC DOT (pre-ISTEA) program. They currently
have one transportation planner dedicated to
performing bicycle and pedestrian planning.
Carrboro: They have a local plan which was developed and
implemented at the local level (with the town
contributing funds) through the old NC DOT (pre-
ISTEA) program. There is an issue as to whether
they are eligible to receive funding for any more
bicycle projects because they are not included in
the Regional Bicycle Plan.
Hillsborough: The town currently has no planned bicycle routes
(it was not an official member of the DCHC when
this plan was adopted) . The Orange County
Transportation Planner II is working closely with
the town to develop bicycle routes and then request
that the Regional Bicycle Plan be amended to
include those routes.
VII. STAFF RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends that the following bicycle planning process be
implemented:
A) Plan/Policy/Ordinance Related
1. Consider incorporation of Regional Bicycle Plan (or
portions thereof that are consistent with Orange County's
Thoroughfare Plan, Transit Plan, Scenic Road Plan, etc. )
into the Transportation Element of the Orange County
Comprehensive Plan.
2. Develop and consider adoption of bicycle policy
statement, i.e. , "Orange County hereby states that
bicycling is a mode of transportation to be encouraged
and fostered. The County is committed to providing
better facilities for cyclists, education programs for
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cyclists and motorists, bicycle law enforcement, and
incentives to encourage cycling as a viable form of
transportation" .
3. Research will be performed as to what amendments to
zoning ordinances, development ordinances, and standard
practices that would be required to ensure bicycle
friendly land use development for consideration and
adoption by the BOCC.
B) Education/Enforcement Related
1) Full scale helmet promotion campaigns should be
implemented in the County. The bicycle education plan
should be implemented, concentrating on Basics of
Bicycling in public schools. Adult education efforts
should begin, primarily through UNC and public service
announcements.
2) The new "Share the Road" segment of the Driver's
Education curriculum should be implemented in public
schools and through private driver's training courses.
3) Bicycle registration programs should be initiated, or
strengthened in areas where they already exist.
C) Facilities/Route Related
1) That a suitability map of rural bicycle routes be
prepared as a first step using the techniques outlined in
Appendix E of the Regional Bicycle Plan.
2) That a meeting with Chapel Hill/Carrboro and Durham
officials be held to define preferred rural routes
connecting Hillsborough with the two urban areas.
3) That a priority listing of rural bicycle routes be
developed.
4) That "Share the Road" signs be placed along the priority
routes to warn motorists that cyclists frequently use
these routes now.
5) That a LTIP project proposal be developed whereby an
Engineering firm would perform a complete engineering
feasibility study for each Priority Route, and that each
study include cost estimates and detailed descriptions of
facilities (improvements) for further LTIP programming.
6) That the NCDOT be furnished with Orange County's Priority
Bicycle Routes and that NC DOT make a commitment to
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provide additional paving widths (shoulders) as
incidental projects to priority bicycle route roadways
that are to be upgraded.
7) Upon removal of hazards, route maps for bicycling should
be developed (each should contain a disclaimer absolving
the county of any liability should a bicycle accident
occur) .
D) That the Long Range work session of the Planning Board on July
12 be devoted to the Regional Bicycle Plan and that a Planning
Board recommendation be prepared for County Commissioner
consideration.
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A RESOLUTION DIRECTING THAT THE DURHAM-CHAPEL HILL-CARRBORO URBAN
AREA REGIONAL BICYCLE PLAN BE USED AS A GUIDELINE IN PLANNING FOR
BIKEWAY IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAPEL HILL (94-5-9/R-4)
WHEREAS, the Durham Urban Area Transportation Advisory Committee
has adopted the Regional Bicycle Plan; and
WHEREAS, the Transportation Advisory Committee has referred the
Regional Bicycle Plan to local governments for implementation; and
WHEREAS, the Council referred the Regional Bicycle Plan to Town
advisory boards for their review and recommendation toward adopting
the Regional Bicycle Plan as a component of the Chapel Hill
Comprehensive Plan; and
WHEREAS, the Chapel Hill Transportation Board, Planning Board,
Bicycling Advisory Committee and Greenways Commission have reviewed
and approved the Regional Bicycle Plan to be used as a bicycle
facilities planning guideline, and
WHEREAS;_ the Council referred the Regional Bicycle Plan Education
and Enforcement Report to the Chapel Hill-Carrboro school system
for; their "review and possible incorporation into bicycle safety
curricula.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Council of the Town of Chapel
Hill that the Durham-Chapel Hill-Carrboro Urban Area Regional
Bicycle Plan be used as a guideline in planning for bikeway
improvements in Chapel Hill.
This' the 9th 'day of May, 1.994.