HomeMy WebLinkAboutAgenda - 01-04-1994-IX-E 1
OR AN G E C 0 U N T Y
BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
ACTION AGENDA ITEM ABSTRACT
Meeting Date January 4, 1994
Action Agenda
Item # SX-E
SUBJECT: HP-1-93 MAPLE HILL NATIONAL REGISTER NOMINATION
DEPARTMENT: Planning & Inspections PUBLIC HEARING: Yes X No
ATTACHMENT(S) : INFORMATION CONTACT: Emily Cameron
Extension 2580
3/12/93 Certification
Agreement
National Register Fact Sheets TELEPHONE NUMBERS:
Vicinity Map Hillsborough - 732-8181
National Register Nomination Durham - 688-7331
12/1/93 Comment from Town Mebane - 227-2031
of Hillsborough Chapel Hill - 967-9251/968-4501
CLG Commission Comment Form
12/8/93 Draft Public Hearing Minutes
PURPOSE: To consider the nomination of Maple Hill to the
National Register of Historic Places.
BACKGROUND: The National Register of Historic Places is a roster
maintained by the National Park Service of buildings,
sites, and objects deemed worthy of recognition and
preservation. As a Certified Local Government, Orange
County is required to participate in the process when
a site within its jurisdiction is nominated to the
National Register.
Participation includes review of the nomination by the
Historic Preservation Commission and the Board of
County Commisioners. The County is allowed 60 days to
provide opportunity for public comment and to return
comments to the State Historic Preservation Office.
A public hearing was held on December 8 before the
Historic Preservation Commission. Two (2) citizens
spoke in favor of the nomination (See draft minutes
attached) . The Historic Preservation Commission voted
to approve the nomination and forward it to the Board
of Commissioners for its consideration. The deadline
for submitting comments to the State is January 12,
1994.
The property is located in Eno Township on the north
2
r
side of St. Mary's Road (SR 1002) 0.4 mile west of New
Sharon Church Road (SR 1538) . The tract contains 63. 15
acres and is currently zoned Agricultural Residential. u r
Located on the property are a residence, a barn, and
two (2) non-contributing structures. The house began
as a single-pen log cabin built circa 1810. Approxi-
mately ten years later, a two-story, Federal style
farmhouse was built as a separate structure south of
the log cabin. A Greek Revival wing was added to the
farmhouse circa 1855. In 1940, the farmhouse was
connected to the cabin by an ell extending north. The
last addition to Maple Hill was a dining room/kitchen
wing built in 1946 east of the log cabin.
A large log and frame barn is located in a pasture
west of Maple Hill. The description contained in the
nomination form estimates that the barn was built from
1855 to 1910. It contributes to the historic quality
of the site.
National Register nominations are evaluated based on
the following criteria:
A. Property is associated with events that have
made a significant contribution to the broad
patterns of our history.
B. Property is associated with the lives of persons
significant in our past.
C. Property embodies the distinctive
characteristics of a type, period, or method of
construction or represents the work of a master,
or possesses high artistic values, or represents
a significant and distinguishable entity whose
components lack individual distinction.
D. Property has yielded, or is likely to yield,
information important in prehistory or history.
Maple Hill and the accompanying farm qualify for
listing on the National Register under Criteria A and
C. The vernacular Federal style of the farmhouse is
one of the best examples from the early nineteenth
century that remain standing in Orange County. The
farm is significant in that it illustrates the type of
diversified subsistence farming that supported the
agricultural economy of Orange County in the nine-
teenth and early-twentieth centuries.
During the review period, the Planning Staff solicited
comments from interested agencies or groups. Because
the property is located adjacent to one of the sites
R EPt_ACEHEar me E Fo11 mum
"
Hr-1-55 KAPLE KILL AJATiOAIAL "
9E415TE1Z /IIGHIAATI04
3
being considered for a future landfill to serve the
county and municipalities, the Landfill Owners Group,
Orange County Public Works, and the Towns of Chapel
Hill and Carrboro were notified of the public hearing.
According to the Chapel Hill Solid Waste Administra-
tor, potential landfill sites are currently undergoing
geologic testing. The test results should be reported
by the consulting engineers in February or March. The
Planning Staff was also advised that a 300-foot mini-
mum buffer would be provided between the landfill and
adjacent properties.
The Town of Hillsborough also responded with a comment
about its Thoroughfare Plan for the area around Maple
Hill. A realignment of Baldwin Road (SR 1554 ) west of
the site is proposed, but is not considered a priority
transportation improvement.
If a property is listed on the National Register, it
is not completely protected from a construction
project involving state or federal funds and/or
permits. For example, if a landfill were proposed on
the property adjacent to Maple Hill, the project would
be reviewed by the State Historic Preservation Office
in accordance with Section 106 of the National
Historic Preservation Act and the North Carolina
General Statutes 121-12a.
The Board of Commissioners has three options:
1) Approve the nomination,
2) Disapprove the nomination and state how it does
not meet the National Register criteria for
evaluation, or
3) Take no action, which constitutes an approval.
The Board of Commissioners and the Historic
Preservation Commission must separately notify the
State and the property owners of their recommendations
by January 12, 1994 . The nomination will be presented
to the North Carolina National Register Advisory
Committee on January 13, 1994 . The Committee's
recommendation then will be forwarded to the National
Register Office.
RECOMMENDATION: The Administration recommends approval of the
nomination of Maple Hill to the National Register of
Historic Places, and that the Chair be authorized to
sign the Local Governing Board comment form to be
forwarded to the State Historic Preservation Office.
3
being considered for a future landfill to serve the
county and municipalities, the Landfill Owners Group,
Orange County Public Works, and the Towns of Chapel
Hill and Carrboro were notified of the public hearing.
According to the Chapel Hill Solid Waste Administra-
tor, potential landfill sites are currently undergoing
geologic testing. The test results should be reported
by the consulting engineers in February or March. The
Planning Staff was also advised that a 300-foot mini-
mum buffer would be provided between the landfill and
adjacent properties.
The Town of Hillsborough also responded with a comment
about its Thoroughfare Plan for the area around Maple
Hill. A realignment of Baldwin Road (SR 1554 ) west of
the site is proposed, but is not considered a priority
transportation improvement.
If a property is listed on the National Register, it
is not completely protected from construction project
where state or federal funds are used. For example, if
state or federal funds are used to establish a
landfill on the property adjacent to Maple Hill, the
project would be reviewed by the State Historic
Preservation Office in accordance with Section 106 of
the National Historic Preservation Act or the North
Carolina General Statutes 121-12a.
The Board of Commissioners and the Historic
Preservation Commission must separately notify the
State and the property owners of their recommendations
by January 12, 1994 . The nomination will be presented
to the North Carolina National Register Advisory
Committee on January 13, 1994. The Committee's
recommendation will then be forwarded to the National
Register office.
RECOOMNDATION: The Administration recommends approval of the
nomination of Maple Hill to the National Register of
Historic Places, and that the Chair be authorized to
sign the Local Governing Board comment form to be
forwarded to the State Historic Preservation Office.
- 1 -
4
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF CULTURAL RESOURCES
DIVISION OF ARCHIVES AND HISTORY
STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE
109 East Jones Street
Raleigh, North Carolina 27601-2807
Telephone 919/733-4763
CERTIFICATION AGREEMENT FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
This agreement is entered into on this 12th of March 1993 by
day month year
the North Carolina Division of Archives and History, herein known as they
Division, and the County of Orange
Name of Local Government
herein known as the Local Government. ' The agreement is made pursuant to the
National Historic Preservation Act Amendments of 1980 (P.L. 96-515) , herein
known as the Act, and "Guidelines for North Carolina's Certified Local
Government Program," herein known as the Guidelines.
I. •--GENERAL
<L 1. The Local Government agrees to meet the five standards for a certified
local government contained in the Act and defined and amplified in the
guidelines, and to establish a Certified Local Government Commission
_ ". for the purposes of this agreement, upon consultation with the
Division and any existing local historic district or properties
commissions.
2. The Local Government hereby designates a paid member of- its staff,
F Marvin Collins, Planning Director or a person working
Name and Position of Person
under contract,
Name and Firm/Agency of Person
as the individual responsible for the operation of the Certified Local
Government Commission (herein known as the Commission) and for meeting
the requirements of this agreement. The Commission shall notify the
Division if the person responsible significantly changes the amount of
:available time spent on historic properties.
\ 3. The Division shall make available orientation materials and training
to the local government and the Commission. The orientation and
-' training shall be designed to provide a working knowledge_ of the roles
and operation of federal , state, local and private prr.servation
programs.
2 —
4. The Locai Government shall review all proposed nominations to the 5
National Register of Historic Places within its jurisdiction pursuant
to the Act and according to the procedures in the Guidelines, which
are incorporated by reference into this Agreement, and Part II of this
Agreement.
S. For purposes of evaluation, the Local Government shall submit
triennially to the Division a report on the activities of the
Commission containing the items listed in the Guidelines and any
others which the Division shall require. The Division shall inform
the local government of the results of its review of the report in
writing. The report shall be submitted by October 1 of the year in
which it is required.
6. The Division shall perform annual monitoring of the Local Government
to assure that it continues to meet the standards contained in the
Guidelines and is satisfactorily performing its responsibilities.
Monitoring may include periodic telephone conversations, requests for
specific written materials, on—site visits and other materials which
may be required to sufficiently evaluate the CLG' s yearly activities.
7. , If. the Division' s yearly or triennial review indicates that terms of
this Agreement and addenda are not being me-t, or that the Local
Government no longer meets the standards contained in the Guidelines,
or that its performance of the responsibilities outlined in the
Guidelines and this Agreement is not satisfactory, the Division shall
notify the Local Government in writing that it risks losing
f..� certification. The Division shall document the assessment that the
Local Government's performance is inadequate and recommend steps to
bring the Local Government's performance up to a satisfactory level .
8. The Local Government shall have a period of not less than 30 nor more
than 180 days to make improvements. If the Division determines that
sufficient improvement has not occurred within the time prescribed by
the Division, the Division may recommend decertification of the Local
Government to the Secretary of the Interior, citing specific reasons
for the recommendation. If the Secretary does not object to the
Division' s recommendation within 30 working days of receipt, the
decertification shall be considered approved by the Secretary. This
F Agreement, and certification of the cited Local Government, shall
become void 30 days following notification in writing to said Local
Government of the Division's recommendation to the Secretary, unless
otherwise notified by the Secretary or the Division.
9. If the Local Government is decertified, it may immediately request
recertification. However, the Local Government shall lose eligibility
to apply for the matching funds set aside for certified local
governments during the grant cycle following decertification, whether
or not its recertification request is approved.
10. The Division may delegate, by mutual written agreement with the Local
Government, further responsibilities to the Commission. The Local
Government may petition for the Commission to assume greater
responsibility for preparation of National Register nominations,
environmental review, and review of Tax Act certification applications
providing the Commission has sufficient staff meeting the professional
qualifications contained in the appendix to the Guidelines. Any
delegation of further responsibilities to the Commission shall be made
as an addendum to this Agreement.
i
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11 . If separate historic landmark and historic distri.r_t commissions I:xi�t
in the Local Government ' s jurisdiction, the Local Government sh:111
obtain a memorandum of understanding with the commissions, in
consultation with the Division, which identifies the responsibilities
cf each commission under this Agreement. The memorandum of
understanding shall be made an addendum to this Agreement.
II. REVIEW OF NATIONAL .REGISTER NOMINATIONS BY THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT
1. If a property to be nominated to the National Register lies within thf:
Jurisdiction of the Local Government, the Division shall transmit
copies of the nomination to the Commission and the chief elected
official of the Local Government within 30 days after the Division has
determined that the nomination is complete and accurate and at least
60 days prior to consideration by the State Professional Review
Committee.
i
2. The chief elected official of the Local Government, acting on behalf
of the local governing board, and the Commission shall separately
notify the Division and the owner of the nominated property in writing
of their opinions concerning the eligibility of the proposed
nomination within sixty (60) days from the date they receive the
nomination. Comments to the Division may be submitted on forms
provided by Archives and History. If the Commission and the Local
Government concur with the nomination, their responses may be as
simple as affirmative statements that, in their opinion, the property
is eligible for listing in the Register. If either or both the Local
Government and the Commission do not believe that the property should
be nominated to the Register, they shall state in their responses why
it should not be nominated.
3. Upon submittal of comments to the Division on any proposed nomination,
the CLG will verify that it has consulted with appropriate experts :is
stipulated in the cover form it shall receive with each nomination.
4. The Division and the Local Government agree that if the chief elected
official and the Commission fail to notify the Division of their
opinions within sixty (60 ) days, such failure shall constitute
approval of the nomination.
5. During the review period, the Commission shall provide a reasonable
opportunity for public comment. The following measures shall be taken
(check one or more of the following).
x Public notice published in local newspaper
x Public hearing at meeting of the Commission
x Mailing to interested local groups. and individu.ils soliciting
comments
Press release announcing proposed nor�iin:.Ition and requesting
1 public comments
4
7
Ocher measures agreed to by the Division and the Local Government
The Commission shall submit to the Division a record of the measures
taken to notify the public and the comments received.
6. If both the chief elected official and the Commission concur with the
nomination, or if only one of them objects to the nomination, the
Division will place the nomination before the State Professional
Review Committee for consideration a•t the earliest possible quarterly
meeting.
7. If both the chief elected official, acting on behalf of the Local
Government's governing board, and the Commission object to the
nomination, they shall return the nomination materials to the Division
which shall take no further action unless, within thirty days of the
return of such nomination .materials, a written appeal is filed with
the Division by a third party. If such an appeal is filed, the
Division shall place the nomination before the State Professional
Review Committee at the earliest possible quarterly meeting.
8. After a nomination is recommended by the State Professional Review
Committee, and signed by the State Historic Preservation Officer, the
Division shall transmit it to the National Register with the comments
and opinions of the chief elected official and the Commission,
together with any appeal which may have been filed.
111. TRANSFER OF FUNDS TO THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT
1 . The Local Government is e-17igible to receive a portion of the Federal
Historic Preservation Fund (HPF) monies set aside for certified local
governments (CLCs) provided that it meets the financial management
standards contained in the Guidelines.
2. The Division shall make the CLO share of HPF monies available on a
50/50 matching basis for the eligible historic preservation activities
and projects listed in the Guidelines. The Division shall award funds
on a competitive basis, and shall select projects on the basis of
their design, cost, community impact, and the priorities listed in the
Guidelines.
3. To be considered for an award, the•Local Government shall submit an
application containing the information specified in the Guidelines.
The Local Government understands that due to the large number of
present and potential CLGs and the current low level of federal
funding it is unlikely to receive an award every year.
4. Any project supported by monies set aside for CLCs shall be goviirned
by a separate project description and contract mutually agreed to by
the Local Government and the Division.
8
CERTIFIED LOCAL GOVERNMENTS AND THE NATIONAL REGISTER
The federal and state guidelines for the Certified Local Government Program '
require that CLGs participate in the process of nominating properties to the
National Register of Historic Places. This participation involves the review
of nominations within the jurisdiction of the CLG by the CLG Commission and
the chief elected local official. Opportunity for public comment must be
provided during the 60 day comment period. The commission and chief elected
official are required to submit comments to the State Historic Preservation
Office and to the owner of the property relaying their findings as to the
eligibility of the property under consideration for listing in the National
Register. The attached forms are provided for you to facilitate your review
of nominations and your submittal of comments to the State Historic
Preservation Office. A copy of the criteria for listing in the National
Register is also enclosed for your reference and use.
Although the federal regulations governing the CLG program call for the chief
elected local official. to provide comments on proposed National Register
nominations within the CLG jurisdiction, North Carolina law stipulates that
the mayor or chairman of the board of county commissioners may act only in an
administrative capacity on behalf of the local governing board. If a
certified local government has doubts about the legality of the chief elected
official assuming sole responsibility for comments on proposed National
Register nominations, it may wish to consider two alternatives: 1) having the
governing board review the nominations or 2) having the governing board pass a
resolution granting the chief elected local official the authority to furnish
comments on behalf of the governing board.
NORTr. CAROLINA DIVISION OF ARCHIVES AND H aRY
STATE HISTORIC PRESERV A T ION OFFICE 9
NATIONAL REGISTER FACT SHEET I
• WHAT IS THE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES?
The National Register of Historic Places is the nation's official list of buildings, structures, objects, sites, and
districts worthy of preservation for their significance in American history, architecture, archaeology, and
culture. The National Register was established by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966. The purpose
of the Act is to ensure that as a matter of public policy, properties significant in national, state, and local history
are considered in the planning of federal undertakings, and to encourage historic preservation initiatives by state
and local governments and the private sector.
What the National Register Means for the Private Property Owner
i
The listing of a property in the National Register places no obligation or restriction on a private owner using
private resources to maintain or alter the property. Over the years, various federal incentives have been
introduced to assist private preservation initiatives. A private owner of a National Register property her-mes
obligated to follow federal preservation standards only if federal funding or licensing is used in work on the
property, or if the owner seeks and receives a special benefit that derives from National Register designation,
such as a grant or a tax credit described below.
National Register listing should not be confused with local historic property and historic district designations.
These designations are made by a local governing board on the recommendation of a local historic preservation
commission. This program of local designations is an option available to local governments under North
Carolina enabling legislation (G.S. 16OA4W). Properties and districts listed in the National Register
sometimes also receive local designation in jurisdictions where local preservation commissions have been
established according to the state enabling legislation, but there is no direct correlation between National
Register listing and local designation.
National Register listing means the following:
1. Consideration and Protection in Public Planning:
All properties and districts listed in or eligible for listing in the National Register are considered in the planning
of federal undertakings such as highway construction and Community Development Block Grant projects.
"Federal undertakings" also include activities sponsored by state or local governments or private entities if they
are licensed or partially funded by the federal government. "Federal undertakings" do not include loans made
by banks insured by the FDIC or federal farm subsidies.
National Register listing does not provide absolute protection from federal actions that may affect the property.
It means that if a federal undertaking is in conflict with the preservation of a National Register property, the
North Carolina Historic Preservation Office will negotiate with the responsible federal agency in an effort to
eliminate or minimize the effect on the historic property. This review procedure applies to properties that are
determined eligible for the National Register in the day-today environmental review process as well as those
actually listed in the National Register.
Similarly, North Carolina law (G.S. 121-12a) provides for consideration of National Register properties in
undertakings funded or licensed by the state. Where a state undertaking is in conflict with the preservation of a
National Register property, the North Carolina Historical Commission is given the opportunity to review the
case and make recommendations to the state agency responsible for the undertaking. The commission's
recommendations to the state agency are advisory.
2. Incentives for the Preservation of National Register Properties:
Tax Benefits. Under the Tax Reform Act of 1986, a privately owned building that is listed in the National
Register or is a contributing building in a National Register historic district may be eligible for a 20% federal
income investment tax credit claimed against the costs of a qualified rehabilitation of the building. These credits
(see other side)
1
Zo
National Register Fact Sheet 1, Page 2
apply only to income-producing, depreciable properties, including residential rental properties. The credits do
not apply to owner-occupied residential properties._The cost of the rehabilitation must equal or exceed the
adjusted basis of the building (original cost minus land value, minus previous depreciation, plus previous
capital improvements). Plans for the rehabilitation are reviewed by the North Carolina Historic Preservation
Office and the National Park Service, and work on the building must meet federal rehabilitation standards. For
more information and applications, contact the Tax Act Coordinator at the address given below, or telephone
919/733-6547.
Effective January 1, 1994, taxpayers who receive the federal income tax credit for rehabilitating certified
historic structures are allowed to take as a credit against North Carolina income taxes an amount equal to one-
fourth of the federal credit.
The Tax Treatment Extension Act of 1980 provides federal tax deductions for charitable contributions of partial
interests (easements) in historically significant properties for conservation purposes. Interested individuals
should consult legal counsel or the local Internal Revenue Service office for assistance in determining the tax
consequences of the provisions of this act.
Grants and Loans. A limited program of matching grants for the rehabilitation of National Register properties,
including those that are privately owned, was authorized by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, but
has not been funded to a significant degree since the early 1980s. A loan program authorized by the Act has
never been funded.
In 1993, the North Carolina General Assembly passed SB 26, which provided funding to the Department of
Cultural Resources for the Local Historical Organizations Grants program for the 1993-94 fiscal year. The
purpose of the grants is to encourage the protection, preservation, and interpretation of historic assets with local
or regional significance. Priority consideration is given to properties listed in or eligible for listing in the
National Register. The deadline for grant applications was October 15, 1993. Continuation of this program in
future years is dependent upon additional funding by the General Assembly.
NOTE: A privately owned property may not be listed in the National Register over the objection of its owner or, in the
case of a property with multiple owners, over the objection of a majority of owners. A district may not be listed in the
National Register over the objection of a majority of owners of private property within the proposed district. For a
complete description of procedures for objecting to a National Register nomination, see National Register Fact Sheet 5:
"Procedure for Supporting or Objecting to National Register Listing."
See also the following numbered National Register Fact Sheets:
2: "National Register Criteria for Evaluation"
3: "How Historic Properties Are Listed in the National Register of Historic Places"
4: "The National Register of Historic Places in North Carolina: Facts and Figures"
See the handout entitled "A Comparison of the National Register of Historic Places With Local Historic Landmark and
District Designations" for a review of the differences between these two programs.
FOR MORE INFORMATION:
Historic structures and the National Register: Survey and Planning Branch, 919/733-6545.
Archaeological sites and the National Register: Office of State Archaeology, 919/733-7342.
Preservation tax credits and technical restoration assistance: Restoration Branch, 919/733-6547.
Environmental protection and planning: Environmental Review Coordinator, Administration Branch, 919/733-4763
Written inquiries to each of these branches may be sent to the State Historic Preservation Office, N.C. Division of
Archives and History, 109 E. Jones Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27601-2807.
The National Register program is governed by the following federal and state rules and regulations: 36CFR Part 60
(interim rule), 36CFR Part 61 (final rule), and North Carolina Administrative Code T07: 04R .0300.
11/1/93
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NORTH CAROLINA DIVISION OF ARCHIVES AND hisTORY.
STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE ,
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NATIONAL REGISTER FACTS HEET: ;
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NATIONAL REGISTER CRITERIA FOR EVALUATION-5`
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The following criteria are designed to guide the states, federal agencies, and the Secretary of the Inte-t-
rior in evaluatin
potential entries for-the National Register.
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quality of stgni,ficance in American and architecture, archaeology; and culture is present
4 x" "districts, sites, buildings, structures; and objects that possess integrity o location, design, setting, .
g I P 8tyf 8 8 �,
materials, workmanship,feeling,`and association, and:
- _a-5.�;,.t.._.x -;..x.3['_�+>':"�:xt„F.4'.rT.+;i�_��!�R'yf"Y:� .#.�':�k�'",'g.-;-: ,�•.-r..r..; « � - y_°Yr n�•>� -»; --d..-.I_;>_,.-�:_��t -- -
= A:'`f that are associated with events that have'made significant contribution to the broad patterns of T
_ our history�or-� 4....�:;� -��r�;',.;�4 ,,,��.���Y'
B. that are associated with the lives of persons significant in our past, or
....., a 'r ...t... . "Er '.�.:":Re!j_• �^..{.,.. t. ,r ..r.<t. --rt•-" •^,S'rc_'*;a .:}.•_ •e.Y e= .=8
- C.' that embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or,method of construction, or that_•,,
represent the work of a master, or that possess high artistic values, or that represent a significant.,
and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; or -
r. j.%i.J�>b-ti..t':''k.-`i�f'r%ai y_1 �1. .-��t� .' i#Y 3-s"'q^.''n',r '"� ,. n"' _. ,'• .::f=1,*y_°S.'.'#.,17:.a+�-��'. i:-"& g;_°�•
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D. that have yieldet}d;`y�br m4 be likely'to yield,, information important in prehistory or history.
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+`''- R ir. i;':�iF]F�RI fX1:."'' !.f{;•: it-..: �, ..
:. Criteria Considerations x lions : Ordinari cemeteries, birth laces; or graves of historical fig
ures, properties owned by'religious institutions or used for religious purposes, structures that have -
` , r been moved from their,original locations,`reconstructed historic buildings, properties primarily com-
memorative in nature, and ropernes that have achieved significance within the past SO years shall- =
-; not be considered eligible the National Register. However, such properties will qualify if they are
integral parts of districts that do meet the criteria or if they fall within the following categories:
':, =.Y,> ..a•.:. ..f7`Sire".�u�..r.Z..a91'`c,::.i;..vl-_l' :..Jei'�prx;�,.�.'q�r�F��rft�:'`"tfEY't'i;.-' ��at•-.4^it .'.... ..y,..,:::,. .. ::w...;_�>^'=:- .. ':�`�.'..�._.,; .,- -'
A.: a religious property deriving primary sign,ficance from architectural or artistic distinction or his
It_orical importance; or '4:
.. -_.-...-3.1'�k+: ti:r•G a a- Y _. _.. .- .... `.,i.,i •\'.f',''-i i CRS r} {..�.`...' .._. v.vl•re..,.a piw -:i {.-.. '
.8tilc'!'aliri'L'3",j��t-:�.:;L7!�1YSitRV' Y�'.��SY_ f5�• -r: •..< -t.r... ..,`.: .. ._�`' +l/��it' " ''11 _
B. :: a building or structure removed from its original location but which is significant primarily for
architectural.value, or which is the surviving structure most importantly associated with a historic
igperson or event,_Ord I � �z :? �: r�#c:Y :_.�?t `;.3' `=•i: - . :
"Cb..ty aYw_ 3��
>-. C >a birthplace or grave of a historical figure of outstanding importance if there is no,other.,,
appropriate site or building' associated with his or her productive life• or n
! i&a_ ;�,Wi' t'.'' =.t
' J ie y'°
: w B
�f
D. aµcemetery that derives its primary significance from graves of persons of transcendent impor-,,.a
twice,from age,from distinctive design features, or from association with historic events; or
Xrr; L � -_..... .. �• ;s:,; =_. , �, °`.4. _t.e y,` r
E. a'reconstructed building when accurately executed in a suitable environment and presented in a.
�} dignified manner as part of a restoration master plan, and when no other building or structure'...,'
with the same association has survived; or..;:
.^�-. ' -'-- .?'t-'_- :^v_-.f_:f.!11.:;1��.!>:3�.-."N-'-`q:N..w-`�.�M.y�r�J��vA3 :v:hMr.�..�Y.` _+:. .., •'rb. yR .-., nor. 1....• .. i.. ".. , .. .
F. a property primarily commemorative in intent if design, age, tradition, or symbolic value has
invested it with its own historical significance, or
G. a•property achieving significance within the past 50 years if it is of exceptional importance.
- ..;,:`. • ' 4 Fps •..�s�:.,•�:: . . ,...� �.t.�::" �. _.
ifi:•..rj;±.4,'. -.,ra:,-.::'. - - 'f .�._._::::'✓i. -?[ -..:"'.cam^. '_'. - ,• - - _
u_.:. (see other side).
National Register Fact Sheet 2, Paje 2
APPLYING THE CR1T UUA
The two principal issues to consider in determining eligibility for the National Register are"significance"and"integrity."
A property may have"significance" for association with important events or patterns of history(criterion A); for association with
an important historical figure(criterion B); as an important example of period architecture, landscape, or engineering(criterion C);
or for the information it is likely to yield(criterion D, applied to archaeological sites and districts,and sometimes applied to certain
types of structures). A National Register nomination must demonstrate how a property is significant in at least one of these four
areas. For properties nominated under criterion A, frequently cited areas of significance are agriculture, community planning and
development, social history, commerce, industry, politics and government, education, recreation and culture, and others. For tech-
nical reasons, criterion B (significant person)nominations are rare. Criterion C(architecture)is cited for most,but not all,nomina-
tions of historic buildings. Archaeological situ are always nominated under criterion D, but may also have significance under one
or more of the other three criteria.
Properties are nominated at either a local, state, or national level of significance depending on the geographical range of the impor-
tance of a property and its associations. The level of significance must be justified in the nomination. The majority of properties
(about 70%)are listed at the local level of significance. The level of significance has no effect on the protections or benefits of list-
ing.
Besides meeting one or more of the above criteria, a property must also have "integrity" of "location, design, setting, materials,
workmanship, feeling, and association.*This means that the property must retain enough of its historic physical character(or in the
case of archaeological sites, intact archaeological features)to represent its historic period and associations adequately.
All properties change over time, and in some cases past alterations can take on historical significance in their own right. The degree
to which more recent, incompatible, or non-historic alterations are acceptable depends on the type of property, its rarity, and its-
period and area of significance. Buildings with certain types of alterations are usually turned down by the National Register
Advisory Committee. For example, 19th and early 20th century wood frame buildings thit have been brick veneered in the mid-
20th century are routinely turned down for loss of historic integrity. .
Criteria Exceptions
The criteria exclude birthplaces and graves of historical figures, cemeteries, religious properties, moved buildings, reconstructions,
- commemorative properties, and properties less than 50 years old, with certain exceptions. The following exceptions are sometimes
r..
encountered:
Historic churches that retain sufficient architectural integrity can usually be successfully nominated under criterion C (architecture),
sometimes together with criterion A for social or religious history.'
Cemeteries may sometimes successfully be nominated under criterion C when they retain important examples of historic stone carv-
ing, funerary art, and/or landscaping, and they also may be eligible under criterion A or criterion D. However, both the National
Register Advisory Committee and the National Register have turned down nominations of graves when the historical importance of
the deceased is the sole basis for the nomination. The National Register was created primarily to recognize and protect historic
places and environments that represent how people lived, worked, and built in the historic past. Human burials are recognized and
protected under other laws and programs.
Moved buildings may sometimes be successfully nominated under criterion C for architecture when they remain in their historic
communities and the new setting adequately replicates the original setting. Tate point to remember is that the program is called the
National Register of Historic P cgs not Historic Buildings or Historic Things, because significance is embodied in locations and
settings as well as in the structures themselves. Buildings moved great distances, buildings moved into incompatible settings (such
as a farmhouse moved into an urban neighborhood or a downtown residence moved to a suburb), and collections of buildings
moved from various locations to create a pseudo-historic "village* are routinely turned down. In some cases, the relocation of a his-
toric building to a distant or incompatible setting may be the last and only way to save it, and such an undertaking may be
worthwhile. However, sponsors of such a project must understand that the property subsequently may not be eligible for the
National Register.
If a property is less than 50 years old, it can be nominated only if a strong argument can be made for exceptional significance. For
example, Dorton Arena on the State Fairgrounds was completed in 1953. It was successfully nominated to the National Register in
1973 as one of the most important examples of modernism in post-WWII American architecture.
12/15/92
NORTH CAROLINA DIVISION OF ARCHIVES AND HISTORY 13
STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE
NATIONAL REGISTER FACT SHEET 3
HOW HISTORIC PROPERTIES ARE LISTED IN
THE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
Who Administers the National Register Program?
The National Register of Historic Places is a list maintained by the National Park Service of build-
ings, structures, sites, objects, and districts that are significant in American history, architecture,
archaeology, engineering, and culture, and that meet criteria for evaluation established by the
National Historic Preservation Act of 1966. Nominations to the National Register are submitted from
each of the states by the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO). In North Carolina, the SHPO
is the Director of the Division of Archives and History. The section within the Division that adminis-
ters the National Register and related programs is the Archaeology and Historic Preservation Section,
also called the Historic Preservation Office (HPO). The personnel of the Historic Preservation
Office serve as staff for the SHPO in National Register activities and duties.
In every state, a review board examines potential nominations and makes recommendations to the
SHPO regarding the eligibility of properties and the adequacy of nominations. In North Carolina, the
review board is called the National Register Advisory Committee (NRAC). The NRAC meets
quarterly (January, April, July, October) to consider the eligibility of properties for nomination to the
National Register. Nominations prepared under the supervision of the HPO staff and approved by the
NRAC are forwarded to the Keeper of the National Register in the National Park Service in Washing-
ton, D.C. Final authority to list properties in the National Register resides with the National Park Ser-
vice.
How are Eligible Properties Identified?
Properties and districts that may be eligible for the National Register are usually brought to the atten-
tion of the HPO staff and the NRAC either (1) through a county or community survey of historic
properties co-sponsored by the Historic Preservation Office and a local government or organization;
(2) by interested individuals who provide preliminary information about properties to the HPO staff,
or (3) through historic property surveys conducted as part of the environmental review process.
Persons who seek National Register listing for properties that have not been recorded in survey
projects co-sponsored by the Historic Preservation Office may submit a "Study List Application" to
the HPO. If adequate information and color slides of the property are included with the application,
the NRAC will consider the property at its next quarterly meeting. If in the opinion of the NRAC the
property appears to be potentially eligible for the National Register, it is placed on the Study List.
This action by the NRAC authorizes the HPO staff to work with the owner to coordinate a formal
nomination of the property to the National Register.
The NRAC can best evaluate the eligibility of an individual property within the context of a
community-wide or regional inventory of historic or prehistoric properties. This provides a basis for
comparing the relative significance of similar types of historic or prehistoric properties in a com-
munity or region. In counties or communities where no such inventory has been assembled, the NRAC
will sometimes find it necessary to defer a decision about the eligibility of an individual property until
a comprehensive survey of historic properties has taken place. Likewise, the NRAC may consider
some properties as contributing components within larger districts but not as individually eligible.
Information about grants to local governments for local historic property surveys and nominations is
available from the Historic Preservation Office.
(see other side)
14-
National Register Fact Sheet 3, Page 2
What is a National Register Nomination?
A National Register nomination is a scholarly and authoritative document that thoroughly describes
and evaluates a property's setting and physical characteristics, documents its history, assesses its sig-
nificance in terms of its historic context, and demonstrates how it specifically meets National Register
criteria for evaluation. It is supported by professional quality black and white photographs, maps
delineating the property's boundaries, and other materials and information. The nomination must be
prepared according to federal and state guidelines.
Who Prepares National Register Nominations?
Most nominations are prepared by private consultants hired either by individual property owners or by
local governments or organizations. Nominations of archaeological sites are sometimes prepared by
professional archaeologists as part of their on-going research. HPO National Register staff is
responsible for reviewing, editing, and processing nominations prepared in these ways. Due to the
great demand for National Register nominations, the small HPO staff is unable to prepare nominations
as a public service.
An owner of a Study List property who seeks to have it listed in the National Register may hire a pri-
vate consultant to prepare the nomination. A list of qualified consultants is available from the His-
toric Preservation Office. HPO staff cannot quote fees, and fees will vary depending on the consul-
tant and the complexity of the nomination. An owner may expect to pay a professional historian,
architectural historian, or archaeologist the equivalent of 40 to 80 hours of time at a professional
hourly wage.
Some owners are interested in preparing their own nominations and are capable of doing so. A packet
that includes the NPS instruction manual, the supplementary state instruction manual, and sample
nominations may be purchased from the Historic Preservation Office for $7.00. The level of descrip-
tion, historical documentation, analysis, and writing in every nomination must meet accepted profes-
sional standards. The SHPO will not submit substandard nominations to Washington, and HPO staff
cannot make major revisions or provide detailed critiques of inadequate nominations. Because docu-
mentation of archaeological properties always involves excavation, analysis, and interpretation requir-
ing specialized training, nominations of archaeological properties are always prepared by professional
archaeologists.
What Happens to the Finished hed Nomination?
The nomination is reviewed by members of the National Register Advisory Committee at one of the
regular quarterly meetings. If the NRAC recommends that the nomination be submitted to the
National Register, it is signed by the State Historic Preservation Officer and forwarded to the Keeper
of the National Register. At the National Register office, the nomination is reviewed and the decision
to list or not list is made within not less than 15 and not more than 45 days of receipt. If the property
is listed, the HPO will notify the owner and provide a certificate-stating that the property has been
listed in the National Register of Historic Places. Owners who desire plaques may order them from
private commercial suppliers. The HPO does not provide plaques or recommend any particular sup-
plier, but a list of manufacturers is available on request.
FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT: National Register Coordinator
Survey and Planning Branch
State Historic Preservation Office
N.C. Division of Archives and History
109 East Jones Street
Raleigh, North Carolina 27601-2807 919/733-6545
Offices of the Survey and Planning Branch are at 515 N. Blount Street in Raleigh. For information about archaeological
sites and the National Register,contact the Office of State Archaeology at the above address or telephone 919/733-7342.
12/15/92
15
NORTH CAROLINA DMSION OF ARCHIVES AND HISTORY
STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE
NATIONAL REGISTER FACT SHEET
THE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES IN NORTH CAROLINA:
.. FACTS AND FIGURES ..
• There are over 58,000 listings of historic buildings; structures, sites, objects, and districts in the
National Register across the United States and its territories.
• The first nominations from North Carolina were submitted in 1969. Today there are approximately
1,800 National Register listings in the state. In recent years the state has submitted an average of
60 new nominations per year to the National Register. Most nominations are prepared by private
consultants working for local governments or for private property owners. Nominations are care--
My prepared and screened in the review process, and 99% of all nominations from North Caro-
lina. have been successfully listed. A list of all National Register entries in North Carolina as of the
most recent complete fiscal year, arranged alphabetically by county and giving name, town or
vicinity, and date listed, is available from the State Historic Preservation Office for $5.00.
9 Of the 1,800 total listings in North Carolina, about 225 are historic districts, some of which con-_
tain several hundred contributing historic buildings or sites. Types of districts include residential
neighborhoods, commercial districts, prehistoric and historic archaeological districts, industrial
complexes, mill villages,and rural farming districts. Since the first historic district nominations did
not include complete lists of all properties included within district boundaries it is not
P P Pe possible to
determine the precise number of historic properties in North Carolina that are listed in the National
Register._ The State Historic Preservation Office estimates that approximately 20,000 historic
properties in North Carolina are listed in the National Register either as individual listings or as
contributing properties within districts. Properties.within districts that contribute to the historic
character of the district are eligible for federal environmental protections and benefits to the same
extent as if they were individually listed.
• Of all North Carolina properties listed in the National Register, approximately 85% are privately
owned and 15% publicly owned. About 70% are listed at a local level of significance, 25% at a,
statewide level, and 5% at a national level of significance. The level of significance at which a
property or district is listed does not affect its eligibility for benefits or the consideration it receives
>Y in environmental review processes.
�
w: North Carolina's National Register listings reflect the whole spectrum of the state's human expert
ence through its long history: prehistoric Indian sites; shipwreck sites; modest log houses of settlers
- and slaves; houses and outbuildings of ordinary farmers and townspeople; the mansions of wealthy
planters and merchants; churches of all sizes and denominations; courthouses, schools and'other -
public buildings; commercial buildings of many types; and industrial and transportation buildings
and sites. Listings vary from 10,000-year-old archaeological sites to the 1953 Dorton Arena at the
State Fairgrounds.-What all these places have in common is that they reveal in a tangible way some -
important aspect of past life in North Carolina and its diverse communities.
e The State Historic Preservation Office reviews over 2,000 federal and state actions annually to
determine their potential effects on properties listed in or eligible for listing in the National Regis-
ter. Where a federal or state undertaking is in conflict with the preservation of a National Register
property, the State Historic Preservation Office will negotiate with the responsible agency in an
attempt to eliminate or minimize the effect under procedures prescribed by federal law (Section
106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966) or state law (G.S. 121-12a).
(see other side)
1 "
� 1
16�
National Register Fact Sheet 4, Page 2
• Between 1976 and 1990, 886 National Register properties in North Carolina were rehabilitated
under federal historic preservation tax incentive programs, representing an investment of over
$242,000,000 in National Register properties in the state.
• The Restoration Branch of the State Historic Preservation Office offers technical restoration con-
sultation services to owners of historic properties, including municipal and county governments,
churches, businesses, and private property owners. Restoration Branch staff provides consultation
services to over 1,300 historic properties in a typical year. Restoration staff is located in Raleigh
(9191733-6547), Asheville (7041684-1342), and Greenville (9191752-7778).
9 Since the mid-1970s over half of North Carolina's 100 counties and scores of municipalities have
participated in survey and planning grant projects co-sponsored with the State Historic Preservation
Office to conduct comprehensive surveys of historic properties and prepare nominations of
properties and districts to the National Register of Historic Places. Many other counties have par-
ticipated in regional reconnaissance surveys. The Survey and Planning Branch maintains an
estimated 50,000 survey files with photographs and information about historic structures. The
Office of State Archaeology maintains information concerning the approximately 21,000
prehistoric and historic archaeological sites recorded in the state. Thirty-three counties and twenty
municipalities have published historic architecture survey catalogues, many of which are still in
print and available for purchase from the State Historic Preservation Office.
For information about why the National Register was created and what listing means to a property owner, see NA77ONAL
REGISTER FACT SHEET 1, "WHAT IS THE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES?"
For an explanation of National Register criteria for evaluation, see NATIONAL REGISTER FACT SHEET 2, "NATIONAL
REGISTER CRITERIA FOR EVALUATION.'
For information about how properties and districts are listed in the National Register, see NA77ONAL REGISTER FACT
SHEET 3, "HOW HISTORIC PROPERTIES ARE LISTED IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES."
See the handout titled "A COMPARISON OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES WITH LOCAL
HISTORIC LANDMARK AND DISTRICT DESIGNATIONS" for an explanation of the differences between the two pro-
grams
FOR MORE INFORMATION:
Historic structures and the National Register. Survey and Planning Branch, 919/733-6545.
Archaeological sites and the National Register. Office of State Archaeology,9191733-7342.
Preservation tax credits and technical restoration assistance:Restoration Branch,9191733-6547.
Grants to local governments and organizations for historic property surveys and National Register nominations: Grants .
Coordinator, Administration Branch,919/733-4763.
Lists of available architectural survey publications: Administrative Assistant, Administration Branch,9191733-4763.
Address correspondence to the appropriate branch named above at the State Historic Preservation Office, N.C. Division of
Archives and History, 109 E.Jones Street,Raleigh,N.C. 27601-2807.
The National Register program is governed by the following federal and state rules and regulations: 36CFR Part 60
(interim rule), 36CFR Part 61 (final rule),and North Carolina Administrative Code T07: 04R.0300.
12115192
I 17
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PHASE ONE
SECTION 'B'
VICINITY MAP
NO SCALE: �� F ARV,,
�iy
NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 10024-0018
(Oct. '990)
United States Department of the Interior 18
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Registration Form
This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and districts. See instructions in How to Complete the
National Register of Historic Places Registration Form(National Register Bulletin 16A). Complete each item by marking "x" in the appropriate box or
by entering the information requested. If an item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for"not applicable." For functions,
architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. Place additional
entries and narrative items on continuation sheets(NPS Form 10-900a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer,to complete all items.
1. Name of Property
historic name Jacob Jackson Farm
other names/site number Maple Hill (preferred)
2. Location
street & number S.R. 1002, .4 mile west of S R 1538 ❑ not for publication
city or town Hillsborough ❑ vicinity
state North Carolina code NC county Orange code 135 zip code 27278
3. State/Federal Agency Certification
As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this ❑ nomination
❑ request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of
Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion,the property
❑ meets ❑ does not most the National Register criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant
❑ nationally ❑ statewide ®locally. (❑ See continuation sheet for additional comments.)
Signature of certifying official/Title Date
State of Federal agency and bureau
In my opinion, the property ❑ meets ❑does not meet the National Register criteria. (❑ See continuation sheet for additional
comments.)
Signature of certifying official/Title Date
State or Federal agency and bureau
4. National Park Service Certification
I hereby certify that the property is: Signature of the Keeper Date of Action
C entered in the National Register.
I- See continuation sheet.
determined eligible for the
National Register
See continuation sheet.
r determined not ehoible for the
National Register
L removed from the National
Regisser
otner. tetpla n)
Jacob Jackson Farm Cram --ounty, NC
Name of Property County and State 19
5. Classification
Ownership of Property Category of Property Number of Resources within Properly
(Check as many boxes as apply) (Check only one box) (Do not irwtude previously listed resources in the count.)
®private ❑ building(s) Contributing Noncontributing
❑ public-local ®district 2 2
❑ public-State ❑ site buildings
❑ public-Federal ❑ structure 1 sites
❑ object structures
objects
3 2 Total
Name of related multiple property listing Number of contributing resources previously listed
(Enter"N/A"if property is not part of a multiple property listing.) In the National Register
0
6. Function or Use
Historic Functions Current Functions
(Enter categories from instructions) (Enter categories from instructions)
Domestic/Single Dwelling Domestic/Single Dwelling
Agricultural/Subsistence:agricultural outbuilding Agricultural/Subsistence:agricultural outbuilding
Agricultural/Subsistence: agricultural field
7. Description
Architectural Classification Materials
(Enter categories from instructions) (Enter categories from instructions)
Federal foundation brick
Greek Revival walls weatherboard
roof shake
other stone
Narrative Description
(Describe the historic and current condition of the property on one or more continuation sheets.)
See continuation sheet
Jacob Jackson Farm Orange County, NC-
Kame of Property County an ite 20
6. Statement of Significance
Applicable National Register Criteria -Areas of Significance
(Markx in one or more boxes for the criteria qualifying the property (Enter categories from instructions)
for National Register listing.) Architecture
50 A Property is associated with events that have made Agriculture
a significant contribution to the broad patterns of
our history.
C B Property is associated with the lives of persons
significant in our past.
50 C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics
of a type, period, or method of construction or
represents the work of a master, or possesses
high artistic values, or represents a significant and
distinguishable entity whose components lack Period of Significance
individual distinction. ca.1810-1940
L_ D Property has yielded, or is likely to yield,
information important in prehistory or history.
Criteria Considerations Significant Dates
(Mark x" in all the boxes that apply.) ca. 1820
Property is: ca. 1855
E A owned by a religious institution or used for
religious purposes.
Significant Person
B removed from its original location. (Complete if Criterion B is marked above)
N/A
C a birthplace or grave.
E, D a cemetery. Cultural Affiliation
N/A
E: E a reconstructed building, object, or structure.
F a commemorative properly.
G less than 50 years of age or achieved significance ArchitecVBuilder
within the past 50 years. Unknown
Narrative Statement of Significance
(Explain the significance of the property on one or more continuation sheets.)
9. Major Bibliographical References
Bibliography
(Cite the tookS. articles. and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.)
Previous documentation on file (NPS): Primary location of additional data:
7 preliminary determination of individual listing (36 M State Historic Preservation Office
CFR 67) has been requested ❑ Other State agency
r—
previously listed in the National Register ❑ Federal agency
previously determined eligible by the National 7 Local government
Register r__, University
designated a National Historic Landmark 7, Other
7 recorded by Historic American Buiidings Survey Name of repository:
C, recorded by Historic American Engineering
Record
NPS Fame 10.900a OMB MPo.W ft.10140018
�Fw. &") 21
United States Department of the Interior
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Jacob Jackson Farm / Maple Hill
Section number 7 Page 1 Orange County, NC
GENERAL DESCRIPTION:
The Jacob Jackson Farm stands on the crest of a hill overlooking the broad Eno River
Valley 2.8 miles northeast of the town of Hillsborough in North Carolina's central Piedmont.
The 63.15-acre farm, located on the north side of State Route 1002 (St. Mary's Road) .4 of a mile
west of State Route 1538 (New Sharon Road), is a portion of a 381-acre tract of land that was
granted to James Taylor in 1753 by John, Earl of Granville. The land was held by speculators
until the nineteenth century when subsequent owners farmed it, producing a variety of crops
and raising livestock. The farm is no longer used for the cultivation of crops, but its pastures
and woodlands convey a strong sense of agricultural land use patterns of the nineteenth and
early-twentieth centuries. Thus, the Jacob Jackson farm is significant locally for its associations
with the development of the agricultural economy of Orange County, North Carolina,
between 1810 and 1940. The centerpiece of the farm is Maple Hill, a gracious dwelling that
stands beneath lofty maple trees and faces south among intricate boxwood gardens at the
southeast edge of the farm. Maple Hill evolved, like many rural North Carolina farmhouses,
when the needs of its occupants changed and the wealth of its owners permitted. Jacob Jackson,
a yeoman farmer of English descent, is thought to have built both a single-pen, hewn-log cabin
ca. 1810,and a two-story, Federal, weatherboarded log farmhouse as a separate structure to the
south ca. 1820. A single shouldered chimney, 6/6 and 4/4 windows, and a double-paneled entry
door were likely added to the farmhouse ca. 1855, when a one-and-a-half-story weatherboarded
log Greek Revival wing was built to the east of the structure by Jackson's daughter, Louisa and
her husband, John Turner. Almost one hundred years later, in 1940, when the farm was sold by
relatives of Jackson's descendants to T. H. Antrim, a frame connector ell was extended north
from the farmhouse to the cabin and, in 1946, when Antrim conveyed the property to Florence
G. Guild, a frame dining room/kitchen block was constructed incorporating the cabin and
extending to the east of it. The house was completed in 1950 by D. E. and Marie B.
Hollandsworth at the time the cabin/dining room/kitchen block was sheathed with vertical
board and batten siding and the German siding on the connector ell was replaced with a brick
veneer. The Hollandsworths carefully restored the Federal farmhouse and Greek Revival
wing making them serviceable for twentieth-century purposes. Attention was given to
conserving original materials as concrete reinforcements were made to stabilize badly spalled
bricks in the basement and deteriorated porches on the main facade were replaced, saving and
reusing the early posts and railings. On the interior, nineteenth-century woodwork was
removed to facilitate the stripping away of multiple layers of flaking paint and reinstalled with
each component returned to its original position. Modest room divisions were made to permit
the installation of bathrooms and central heating. The restorations and renovations have not
compromised the integrity of the nineteenth-century structures and Maple Hill is significant
locally for the architecture of its Federal block and Greek Revival wing.
NP:Fm 10.900�
(P�-&_") 0i�APPe•'w No.f03/�OYf1
United States Department of the Interior GL
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Jacob Jackson Farm / Maple Hill
Section number 7 Page 2 Orange County, NC
In addition to Maple Hill, a large log and frame barn west of the house, likely
constructed over a half century, from ca. 1855 to 1910, contributes to the historic character of
the property. An early-twentieth century chicken house, rebuilt and recited in 1946, and an
equipment shed/granary, built after 1946, are non-contributing. A slave cabin and an older
granary, deteriorated beyond salvaging, were demolished in 1950.
Descriptions of Maple Hill, its associated outbuildings, and the present Jacob Jackson Farm
follow:
1. MAPLE HILL, c. 1810-1950, (Floor plans of Maple Hill are attached as Exhibit A):
The rambling H-shaped dwelling called "Maple Hill" is a five-part complex that was
constructed at varying intervals over an estimated one-hundred-and-forty-year period.
Stylistic details of each component part identify the period of its construction while recent
applications of light yellow-ocher paint to exterior wood siding and wood shingles on the roof
give the house visual unity.
A. Federal Block:
The Federal block of Maple Hill, built ca.1820, is a stately rectangular,two-story gable-
roofed structure, three symmetrical bays wide and two symmetrical bays deep. It is constructed
over a full raised basement delineated by molded brick that forms a foundation for V notched
log walls covered by weatherboard siding.'Windows are 6/6 and 4/4 double-hung sash with
surrounds accented by modified cyma recta moldings and flanked by dark green louvered
shutters.
The south or front facade is divided into three bays and maintains strict bilateral
symmetry. Fenestration is on the outermost bays with 4/4 sash on the second story
surmounting, but slightly inset from, 6/6 sash on the first. Shutters are placed along the outer
side of the 4/4 sash and either side of the 6/6 sash. A handsome double-paneled Greek Revival
door in the center bay on the first floor opens onto a one story porch. The porch is similar to a
wooden original but was made to be a recognizable entity of its time through the use of brick
' Myers,Ann,personal interview,15 September,1993. Ms. Myers reports that when the interior paneling was
removed in 1950,she observed the house to be made entirely of hewn logs. Additionally an exposed area in the attic
on the east facade reveals log components beneath weatherboards.Also McAlester, Virginia and Lee, A Field Guide
to American Houses,New York, Knopf, 1992, p. 84. McAlester relates that a tradition of building with log walls
persisted long after cut timber was available. Imprecise squaring of logs left large,irregular gaps between timbers
and indicates that a covering of weatherboards or shingles was intended.
MPS Fpm 10400.4 OAS AF MVW NO 10214011
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National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Jacob Jackson Farm / Maple Hill
Section number 7 Page 3 _ Orange Qounty, NC
and clay tile.' Four evenly spaced, chamfered posts are early and have been returned as closely
as possible to their original locations. They support a shed roof attached to the house below the
second floor windows. Squared balusters and rounded railing, also saved, form a border
between the posts at the outer edge of the porch and the steps which lead up to it at either end.
Wide flush-board sheathing, a popular antebellum material utilized in sheltered areas, has
been applied to the south elevation on the first floor level and beneath the porch roof where it
is protected. The porch foundation conceals an early vertical plank door that once served as an
entrance to the basement.
A single-shouldered exterior chimney of molded-brick laid in a 5/1 American bond is
the focal element of the house on the west gable end. As on the south facade, fenestration is
symmetrical. One 4/4 sash, flanked by a single shutter on the outer side, is located on each side j
of the chimney on both floors while a pair of 1/1 sliding windows at grade serve the basement.
The north facade is unremarkable excepting that one 6/6 sash in the center bay of the
second story and two 6/6 sash,one on each end bay of the first floor, create a triangular
fenestration pattern. A pair of 2/2 sliding windows beneath provide access to the basement.
The interior of the farmhouse originally followed a hall-and-parlor plan. A partition
dividing the spaces on the first floor was removed in 1950, leaving a single large living room.
Pine plank flooring, flush-board paneling, simple window surrounds, double-paneled Greek
Revival interior doors, and a fine Federal-period mantel on the west wall, notable for its
delicate reeding, are believed to be original or to date from the ca. 1855 renovation. All have
been finished with a dark, glossy varnish.
Can the east wall, an enclosed staircase with a partially open stringer rises in a north-
south direction and leads to a second floor hall which serves a bedchamber and the attic of the
Greek Revival wing. The partition, originally dividing the hall and parlor on the first floor,
was relocated to separate a hall from the bedchamber in 1950. The bedchamber is finished
much as the living room below but, here, a simple Greek Revival mantel with plain pilasters
surrounds the fireplace. A bathroom was added to the southeast portion of the room ca. 1950.
B. Divider:
A narrow divider, marked by one 6/6 sash set right of center on the south facade,joins
the Federal block to its Greek Revival wing. This area was a originally a breezeway, enclosed in
1940 when the connector ell was built. It now shelters a passage between the early sections of
the house and an access to a stairway leading to the basement of the Federal block. The exterior
was covered with brick veneer in 1950 when paneling and bookshelves were added along the
interior walls and a bathroom was constructed at the southern end.
2 Documentary photograph taken ca. 1950 by D.E.Hollandsworth,collection,Ann H.Myers.
Np8 Fame tOaCOa O Me Apar *No 102,&Wl#
(pov.M6)
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United States Department of the Interior
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Jacob Jackson Farm / Maple Hill
Section number 7 Page 4 Orange County, NC
C. Greek Revival Wing:
The Greek Revival wing, built shortly after 1855, is a rectangular two-room structure
with an attached hip-roofed porch that is three symmetrical bays long and one bay deep. Its low
rubble-stone foundations support walls of hewn oak logs covered by weatherboard siding. A
gable roof with shallow overhanging eaves caps the structure and a rectangular chimney, offset
east of center on the roof ridge, serves two firebox openings within. Windows are oversize 6/6
sash with many original 12" x 14" lights.
Identical early double-paneled doors on the south facade flank a central window notable
for initials J. R. W. and A. J. T. inscribed on the lower right light of the upper sash. The doors
open onto the porch that, like the porch of the Federal block, has been rebuilt of brick and clay
tile. Wooden posts, placed in pairs and ornamented with slats that cross each other to form a
distinctive X, were saved and reused here. A series of steps rising along the divider and a short
section of roof inserted above it serve as a bridge between the porches of the Greek Revival
wing and the Federal block, joining them to create one long multilevel porch that spans the
entire south block of Maple Hill.
Other elevations of the Greek Revival wing are symmetrical. One 6/6 sash is placed
over another on the east gable end. Two 6/6 windows, once evenly spaced on the north facade,
are made to seem asymmetrical by the connector ell which has overlapped a portion of the
earlier structure on the far right.
An investigation of the attic shows that the Greek Revival wing was constructed of
hewn V notched logs apparently moved to the site from another location and reused.
Evidence for this is offered by a heavy sawn rafter plate on the south side which is secured to
an earlier hewn rafter plate beneath it. The sawn rafter plate was fitted into the wall at the time
the wing was built to provide additional height. Square nails and a consistent nailing pattern
indicate that the rough-sawn rafters and decking planks above are undisturbed since
construction. When the connector ell was added to the north side in 1940, the roof slope was
altered to accept a shed addition with a 4/4 sash. To accomplish this, the rafters were lifted and
reseated on a new rafter plate very different in size and appearance from the nineteenth-
century ones on the opposite side.
Below the attic, the living space contains two bedrooms that adjoin one another. The
east bedroom, to which a closet and built-in chest of drawers were added in 1950, is smaller but
the two are otherwise similar in shape and decor. Both are notable for original vertical board
wainscotting and simple, well-proportioned Greek Revival mantels around shallow back-to-
back fireplaces in the center of the partition wall. A smooth plaster finish on the upper portion
of the walls and the ceilings, repaired in 1950, is exposed in the east bedroom and covered with .
a dark, patterned wallpaper in the west bedroom.
NP9 Fpm 104*0,e
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, 8
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United States Department of the Interior
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Jacob Jackson Farm / Maple Hill
Section number 7 Page 5 Orange County, NC
D. Connector Ell:
North of the Federal block and Greek Revival wing, a brick-veneered, frame, one-story
connector ell, built in 1940, forms a hyphen joining the south and north blocks of Maple Hill.
Fenestration here matches that used elsewhere in the house with 6/6 sash spaced
symmetrically on the west facade and off-set on the east facade to accommodate a paneled
entry door with a six-paned light. The spacious room on the interior is clad with knotty pine
paneling.
E. Cabin and North Wing:
The earliest component of Maple Hill, a single-pen, hewn-log cabin, believed to have
been constructed ca. 1810 or before, is now part of a long rectangular north wing. The wing
includes a dining room and a kitchen, added to the east facade of the cabin in 1946, and
parallels the Federal farmhouse/Greek Revival wing. The newer block of rooms has been
joined to the cabin by the construction of a contiguous rubble-stone foundation and a covering
of vertical board and batten siding that sheathes the exterior of the frame addition and the log
walls of the cabin. The wood-shingled gable roof, too, joins the old and newer sections in a
single plane. Fenestrationwas added to the cabin in 1940 and 1950 and is asymmetrical.
Windows have simple board surrounds and dark green louvered shutters. A Greek Revival
door and a single 4/4 sash to its left provide entry to and southern illumination for the cabin.
The gable-end rubble-stone chimney on the west facade is constructed with clay mortar that is
visible beneath generously applied portland cement parging. Extensive deterioration required
that the chimney be rebuilt above the shoulder level after 1946. The north facade is dominated
by two pairs of 4/4 sash that provide optimal views of the gardens from the room within.
The sturdy hewn logs with which the cabin was constructed are visible on the interior.
Interstices have been filled with white plaster that creates a pleasing contrast of light and dark
elements and accentuates the massive rubble-stone cooking fireplace on the west wall. The
cabin may have originally been home to an'individual or a small family for a panel in the
plank ceiling lifts between exposed rafters to access a sleeping loft. Mid-twentieth-century
changes to the interior of the cabin include the installation of clay tile pavers on the floor,
cabinets with counter tops of sheet copper along the north and east walls, and modifications of
the east wall to permit entry to the dining room. Despite these alterations, sufficient early
materials remain to give a clear indication of the size, structure, and function of the cabin.
NP5 F=m 10-90" OW AWWW AW 1024-0018
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United States Department of the Interior
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Jacob Jackson Farm / Maple Hill
Section number 7 Page 6 Orange County, NC
INTEGRITY STATEMENT.
Like other early Orange County log buildings, Maple Hill has a long history of
continuous use. Over many years, repairs, replacements, and additions, made for the
wellbeing and comfort of various owners, were a necessary part of the evolution of the house.
The majority of these alterations have treated nineteenth-century components sensitively and
left the original fabric of the Federal block and Greek Revival wing largely intact.
Other features of the Jacob Jackson Farm include:
2. BARN, ca. 1855 to 1910, contributing:
A barn, likely dating from ca. 1855 to 1910, is located in an open pasture approximately
sixty yards southeast of Maple Hill. Two V-notched hewn log pens are divided by a central
passage and form a rectangular central core to which late-nineteenth and early-twentieth-
century frame sheds have been added on all sides. The barn is loosely partitioned into two lofts
above the ground level. Its broad gable roof and those of the shed additions are covered by
standing-seam metal. Although portions of the sheathing and roofing are deteriorated, the
structure is basically sound. Many nineteenth-century features, including early plank decking
and box feeders, remain.
3. CHICKEN HOUSE, ca. 1930, non-contributing:
The frame chicken house is a small, rectangular, weatherboarded shed, originally
located west of Maple Hill, that serves as a goat and dog house. It was partially covered with
German siding and moved to its present site, northeast of Maple Hill, after 1946.
4. EQUIPMENT SHED/GRANARY ca. 1946, non-contributing:
A frame, gable-roofed equipment shed/granary of three bays was built to house
equipment and feed after 1946. Open bays on either end permit the storage of farm machinery
while an enclosed room in the center bay contains covered bins.
5. LANDSCAPE, contributing, (A site plan of the Jacob Jackson Farm is attached as Exhibit B):
The Jacob Jackson Farm is located on a 63.15 acre combination of forest and open land
that slopes upward from its southern boundary on St. Mary's Road to a crest on which the
NPS Fmm 104Ma
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United States Department of the Interior
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Jacob Jackson Farm / Maple Hill
Section number 7 Page 7 Orange County, NC
residence, Maple Hill, is situated. The land forms a plateau on the west while the rest of the
property has gently rolling contours that terminate at a wooded ridge near the northern
boundary. A portion of Little Creek follows the east border and flows south, crossing adjacent
farmlands before emptying into the Eno River. A wire fence encloses most of the property,
leaving a three-acre site on the southeast corner set apart for the house and chicken house. A
large field of 23.1 acres, west of Maple Hill, is presently used as a pasture. Its terrain evidences
cultivation during the period of significance for the ground has been leveled, cleared of stones,
and shows remnants of furrows. The remaining 37.05 acres is woodland that borders the field
and includes mature poplars, oaks, and maples, a second growth forest essentially undisturbed
since the late-nineteenth century. The barn, chicken house, and equipment shed/granary on
the Jacob Jackson Farm are widely separated from one another, dividing the farm into
specialized activity areas, a practice brought to the North Carolina Piedmont by its English
settlers and continued through the period of significance into the late twentieth century. The
property clearly conveys the land use patterns associated with Orange County's nineteenth-to-
mid-twentieth-century subsistence and diversified agricultural economy.
Nos Pone 70.90" OAB AWWW Nu.t2ris '
4P.. &-") L�
United States Department of the Interior
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Jacob Jackson Farm / Maple Hill
Section number 8 Page 1 Orange County, NC
STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE:
Maple Hill, the historic farmhouse on the Jacob Jackson Farm, qualifies for inclusion on
the National Register under National Register Criterion C for the distinctive architecture of its
vernacular Federal farmhouse block and Greek Revival wing. The Federal block was built ca.
1820 and readapted in a practical no-nonsense spirit of improvement and modernization
when the Greek Revival wing was added ca. 1855. Despite repairs and renovations in the mid-
twentieth century, these components of the house retain their basic character and thus provide
a rare and important document of spatial priorities along with evidence of building techniques
and materials used by an early-nineteenth-century Orange County farmer and his wealthier
antebellum descendants. Additionally, the Jacob Jackson Farm qualifies for inclusion on the
National Register of Historic Places under Criterion A for its associations with the
development of the nineteenth and early-twentieth century agricultural economy of Orange
County, North Carolina, from 1810 to 1940. Although several of the outbuildings have
deteriorated and subsequently been removed, open land and forest on the farm today reflect
the use patterns associated with Orange County's subsistence farming and diversified
agricultural economy over the one-hundred-and-thirty-year period of significance.
ARCHITECTURAL CONTEXT:
Southern houses, like the Federal block of Maple Hill, are modified descendants of
seventeenth and eighteenth-century European log buildings and English timber frame houses.
Settlers from the mid-Atlantic colonies and from the Virginia and North Carolina coastal
settlements brought with them the knowledge of the essentials needed for both methods of
construction and combined and adapted them to suit the available materials, climate, and
conditions in the Orange County area of the North Carolina Piedmont. A vernacular Federal
style of architecture characterized by rectangular or cubical house forms, gable roofs, gable end
chimneys, one story front porches, symmetrical fenestration, and interior hall and parlor or
central hall plans had evolved by the late eighteenth century.' The Federal blocks at
Moorefields (NR), built in 1785 and Sans Souci (NR), built ca. 1812 are frame but stylistically
similar to the one at Maple Hill, built ca. 1820. These three are among the best early examples
to be found in Orange County.
It is possible that the Federal block of Maple Hill was patterned after the one at
Moorefields for the two are similar. Both utilize the traditional two-story gable roof plan with
end chimneys and a one story front porch. Moorefields, too, has a hall and parlor plan, and
fenestration on the upper level of the main facade in the two outer bays. True massed plans
'McAlester,p.82.
NPS Ram 10,00" OUB A^".*No.IWA-WIS
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United States Department of the Interior 29
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Jacob Jackson Farm / Maple Hill
Section number 8 Page 2 Orange County, NC
were rare in the North Carolina Piedmont and simple wings, ells, or sheds of one story were
constructed when more space was needed. By the mid-nineteenth century, additions at Maple
Hill and Sans Souci reflected the newly popular Greek Revival style. Country builders made
few changes to the basic forms but instead altered proportions and ornament, creating a
vernacular interpretation of the Greek Revival style expressed in lower building profiles and
hip roofed porches at both locations.
Maple Hill is also part of a long Piedmont log building tradition. Beginning in the mid-
eighteenth century and extending well into the twentieth century, logs provided a much
utilized construction material for they were readily at hand in the abundant forests. Despite
this, few log houses in Orange County survive from the antebellum period and most of these,
like the William Maynard farmhouse, ca. 1814, represent simple one-room structures to which
later frame additions have been made. The Federal block and Greek Revival wing of Maple
Hill, like the southern section of a farmhouse located in the newly established Oaks historic
district in Bingham township near Mebane,'are part of a more select group of log structures,
also few in number, which were built of logs and intended to be finished with weatherboard
exteriors and paneled and plastered interiors. With their stylish appearances, they embody
distinctive characteristics of the English and European vernacular architecture traditions that
give character and identity to the Orange County, North Carolina countryside.
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND AGRICULTURAL CONTEXT.
According to a historian of Orange County Land Records, The Jacob Jackson Farm was
part of a 381-acre grant made to James Taylor by John, Earl of Granville on March 14, 1753,5
Records show that James Taylor, Thomas Wiley, William Reed and William Wiley, a foursome
who almost certainly were land speculators, held title to the tract until William Wiley
conveyed the land to Jonas Chamberlain in a deed dated August 12, 1765. At that time Wiley
also sold Chamberlain a 60-acre parcel in the vicinity. Chamberlain purchased an additional
300 acres, probably on the south side of the Eno River, from John Thompson later in the same
year and 260 adjoining acres from Moses Embree three years later. He accumulated 1001 acres
which he owned for almost twenty-eight years.6 Even so, he may never have lived in North
Carolina for there is no record of his ever having paid poll or property taxes either in the
`Carter,Jody and Peck,Todd,Oran CounlySunL(W,October 29, 1993,File,Department of Archives and
History, North Carolina State Office of Historic Preservation, Survey and Planning Division, Raleigh,NC.
'Browning,Hugh C.,letter to Mrs. D. E. Hollandsworth dated July 29, 1974, File,Department of Archives and
History ,North Carolina State Office of Historic Preservation, Survey and Planning Division, Raleigh, NC. See
also Markham,A.B.,Map of Land Grants to Early Settlers in Old Orange County,NC,Period 1743-1810,1973,copy
in Perkins Library, Duke University,Durham,NC.
Browning,Letter.
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United States Department of the Interior
National Park Service
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Continuation Sheet
Jacob Jackson Farm / Maple Hill
Section number_,..8 Page _.,3 Orange County, NC
colony or the state.'
Chamberlain apparently died in Pennsylvania. He left no will in Orange County and his
estate was settled in Pennsylvania in 1793. His executor, Joshua Chamberlain of Lancaster
County, Pennsylvania, sold the Orange County, North Carolina land holdings to William
Chamberlain of Chester County, Pennsylvania, on February 28, 1794.8 Less than one year later,
on January 7, 1795, the 381 acre tract granted to James Taylor in 1753 was purchased by Isaac
Jackson,'believed to have been the Revolutionary War veteran and Regulator who, along
with thirteen others, was outlawed in 1768 by Governor William Tryon's decree that his
actions be given "due notice by all Officers of Justice and others concerned therein." 10 The
price of the parcel, five hundred pounds, was expensive for the time and may indicate the
presence of a building of some value on the land but, if so, no record has been left describing it
or its location. The land was a strategic purchase for Jackson, who owned surrounding acreage
on three sides and in this way was able to consolidate the majority of his holdings in a single
tract.
Two sources give differing accounts of the property during the next twenty-seven years.
One alleges that between 1796 and 1802, Isaac Jackson divided the 381 acres into three parts,
selling approximately equal parcels to William Pickett and Levi Jackson and selling or giving
to Jacob Jackson the subject tract consisting of 133 acres more or less." Deeds conveying titles of
their respective lands to William Pickett and Levi Jackson are among early Orange County
records but no legal instrument could be found that transfers any parcel of land directly from
Isaac to Jacob Jackson.
A second source, a Jackson family genealogy, states that Jacob Jackson inherited land
from his father, James Jackson. This conveyance is recorded. The will of James Jackson, filed in
1822, stipulates that "I (James Jackson), allow my son, Jacob Jackson, the privilege of living on
the plantation where he now lives his life time by paying unto my executive [sic] fifteen
barrels of corn and ten bushels of wheat yearly and, at his decease, the said plantation is to be
'Ratcliff, Clarence, North Carolina Taxpayers,Vol. 1,,1701-1786,Vol. 2, 1679-1790, Baltimore, Genealogical
Publishing Co., 1986.
Browning,Letter.See also Deed dated'February 28,1794,Book 5,pp.366-8,Orange County Register of Deeds
Office, Hillsborough, NC.
'Browning,Letter.See also Deed dated January 1,1795,Book 5,pp.403-4,Orange County Register of Deeds
Office Hillsborough, NC.
"Powell, William S., ed., Correspondence of William Tryon and Other Select Papers. Raleigh, NC, Division of
Archives and History, 1981,p. 199.See also Clark,Waiter,State Records of North Carolina.Goldsboro,Nash Bros.,
1907,p.71.
"Browning, Letter.
Nns iam 10-900e
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United States Department of the Interior
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National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Jacob Jackson Farm / Maple Hill
Section number 8 Page 4 Orange County, NC
sold to the highest bidder and the money divided among my heirs." 12
An 1819 deed conveys property from Isaac to James Jackson but the description of the
land is vague and does not appear to suit the subject property well.' There is no question,
however, that James Jackson, likely the brother of Isaac, acquired title to the land though the
exact time and the nature of the transfer are uncertain.
James Jackson's will indicates that Jacob lived on the property in 1822 when he inherited
an estate for life in it. This is the earliest written record to be had that implies the presence of a
dwelling on the subject property. The log cabin with its chimney of rubble-stone set with clay
mortar was very likely the first component of Maple Hill to be built, perhaps by Jacob Jackson.
A local tradition dating the cabin's construction to 1750 is not supported by any documentation
though the possibility that Jacob may have occupied a cabin already.on the property built by his
father, his uncle, or someone else, and improved it cannot be discounted."
Jacob's family numbered one male and one female between twenty-six and forty-five
years of age, one male and one female between ten and sixteen years of age and three males
and two females under ten years of age when the census was published in 1820. The styling of
the Federal-style farmhouse suggests a construction date of around 1820 for this structure, a
time which would fall within the period of Jacob's occupancy of the property. Though small
for the Orange County farmer and his large family, the log farmhouse made a sturdy, stylish
dwelling that was, no doubt, more comfortable than the cabin.
During the first third of the nineteenth century, farming was the predominant
occupation of the people of North Carolina. In the central Piedmont, a small farm economy of
diversified products including corn, wheat, fruits, cattle, and hogs prevailed but conditions
were such that it was difficult for farmers to produce enough to live above the subsistence
level.15 Crude tools and labor intensive methods of farming limited products, while corn and
other grain crops stripped the soils of their nutrients. Bad roads and high transportation costs
made access to markets impractical and Orange County, like the rest of the Piedmont, had little
trade. Yeoman farmers like Jacob Jackson contributed to an agricultural economy of self-
sufficiency that required continuous and hard work.
'Z Bacon,Mary Lena Green,The lacksons of Orange Counts NC.unpublished.See also Will dated November,
1822,Book E,pp.22-3,Orange County Estate Records,Hillsborough,NC.
"Deed dated August 28, 1819,Book 18,pp.380-81,Orange County Register of Deeds Office,Hillsborough,NC.
Early nineteenth-century deeds and estate records in Orange County identify at least three men named James
Jackson.The will of Isaac Jackson,Sr.,bequeaths his lands to a son,James Jackson,in 1826.The James Jackson who
conveyed the subject tract to his son,Jacob,in 1822 was probably a brother of Isaac Jackson,Sr. since his demise
occurred before James,son of Isaac, inherited his father's property.
"Myers,Ann,personal interview,10 September, 1993.
15 Lefler Hugh T.,and Newsome,Albert R.,The History of a Southern State, North Carolina, Chapel Hill,
University of North Carolina Press, 1954, pp. 298-9.
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National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Jacob Jackson Farm / Maple Hill
Section number 8 Page _5 Orange County, NC
Jacob died, intestate, leaving the court to settle his estate in 1843. His family, then,
consisted of his widow, Mary, and his adult children, Josiah, Henry,Green, Patsy (also called
Martha), Louisa, and Kelly. Henry Whiffed was appointed administrator of his affairs and on
October 24, 1844, all of his personal property was sold on a credit of twelve months. The list of
items offered for sale provides the first record of the diversity of agricultural products and
livestock raised on Jacob Jackson Farm during the period of significance and at a time when a
nationwide recovery from the depression following the Panic of 1837 was underway. Rising
crop prices and better access to urban centers had stimulated the agricultural economy of the
Piedmont, and Orange County's farmers found markets for surplus produce and livestock.16
Jackson's farm produce, sold to the highest bidders, included two stacks of oats, one stack of
straw, one lot of fodder, two stacks of hay, thirty-eight bushels of wheat, forty-nine barrels of
corn, and one pen of shucks. Three bee gums, four cows, two calves, one bull, thirty-four hogs,
twenty wild hogs, twenty-three sheep, classified as first, second, and third choice animals, and
one bay mare were auctioned last, realizing three hundred forty dollars and twenty-four cents
from the sale.
Mary Jackson,Jacob's widow, bid in some of the crops and livestock, most of the
furniture, her loom and shuttles, and six silver spoons. Among other items, of particular
interest were an adze, a broadaxe, and "one lot of carpentry tools" which were bought by
neighbors or friends. One month later, Mary petitioned the court to 'lay off and allot her one
year's provisions" and, in January of 1845, she was given "an allowance of two hundred
dollars." " There must have been at least one occasion for happiness during this time of
turmoil for, in 1845, the name, "Maple Hill," is reported to have been used to designate the
Jackson farmhouse on a marriage certificate.18
Mary's troubles were not over. Three years later, the instructions in James Jackson's will
regarding the disposition of the property after Jacob's demise were carried out. The house and
farm were sold, but the settlement of a family debt undermined James' wish that the proceeds
from the sale be divided among his heirs.
On September 5, 1847, James C. Turrentine, then Sheriff of Orange County, auctioned
"one hundred and forty acres, more or less," described as "the undivided interest of Green
Jackson in the tract of land of which his father,Jacob Jackson died seized and possessed." The
auction took place on the steps of the Hillsborough Courthouse to satisfy Green's indebtedness
of one hundred twenty-three dollars and ninety-eight cents to his brother,Josiah. Mary was the
"Lefler and Newsome,p.367.
"Estate Records of Jacob Jackson, Archives Division,North Carolina State Library, Raleigh NC.
"°Records of the town of Hillsborough and vicinity, Hillsborough Historical Society, Hillsborough,NC. Marie
Hollandsworth reports this marriage which is mentioned briefly in a document about Maple Hill contained in the
historical society's files,but no additional information is given about the parties joined in wedlock.
NVS form 10-900 a
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Continuation Sheet
Jacob Jackson Farm / Maple Hill
Section number _8 Page 6 Orange County, NC
successful bidder at one hundred forty-two dollars and thirty-seven cents.14 The following
May, she petitioned the Court of Pleas for a final settlement of her husband's estate. Her will,
proved in February, 1855, directed that Martha (Patsy) should have one hundred dollars and
that Louisa, along with her husband, John Turner, should have "the residue of my
estate"including the "real property of which I shall be seized and possessed." "
During the 1850s, Orange County and other parts of North Carolina experienced a
period of unprecedented agricultural growth and prosperity. Newspapers and agricultural
publications had been widely circulated, bringing farmers information about new and
vigorous varieties of seeds, improved farm machinery, deep plowing, rotation of crops, and
the use of lime and fertilizers. As a result, crop yields per acre increased and local markets were
developed that offered farmers more and better opportunities to sell their produce.'
The Orange County Agricultural Census of 1860 is the first that provides a record of
farming activities on the Jacob Jackson Farm. John Turner appears as the owner of 713 acres in
four separate tracts of land valued together at five thousand six hundred and seventy-two
dollars. The census reports total production numbers for Turner's four farms and provides a
record of diversified farming activities including those which took place on the Jacob Jackson
Farm, but it is not possible to determine precisely what was produced there.
John Turner, a prosperous man, raised six hundred bushels of wheat, three hundred
and seventy-five bushels of corn, two hundred bushels of oats, one hundred and twenty-five
pounds of wool, fifty bushels of peas and beans, seventy-five bushels of Irish potatoes, and
three hundred bushels of sweet potatoes but no dollar values were given for his field crops.
Home-made manufactures, five gallons of wine, and one hundred pounds of butter, were
valued at one hundred fifty dollars. John owned five horses, one team of mules, six milk
cows, two working oxen, sixteen other cattle, fifty sheep, and eighty swine, together worth an
estimated one thousand dollars. The cash equivalent for animals slaughtered was determined
to be one hundred and sixty dollars. Much of the produce was probably sold in nearby markets,
thus extending the influence of the Jacob Jackson Farm in Orange County and the central
Piedmont at this time in the period of significance.
John Turner,his wife, Louisa, and two sons and a daughter under ten years of age are
recorded in the population census of 1860. Turner was a member of the growing middle class
of North Carolina farmers whose land holdings and affluence provided a relatively
comfortable standard of living. Slaves are said to have brought food prepared in the log cabin
to the Turner family by passing it through the sliding windows into the basement of the
1°Deed dated August,23,1847,Book 35,p.505,Orange County Register of Deeds Office,Hillsborough,N.C.
"Will dated October,5, 1854,Book G,p.84,Orange County Estate Records,Hillsborough,N.C.
2i Lefler and Newsome,pp.369-71.
NPs Fam 10-gMa
OMB AMorr No rcpr-oois
34
United States Department of the Interior
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Jacob Jackson Farm / Maple Hill
Section number _8 Page 7 Orange County, NC
Federal block, used as a dining room."It was probably during this period that the one-
and-a-half story Greek Revival wing was added to the farmhouse to provide bedroom space
for the Turner children. A clapboard on the east facade bears several incised initials, and
among them, L.T. (Louisa Turner) is legible.
The Civil War and Reconstruction doubtless affected the Turner farms in many ways
though it is not possible to determine when or how. John Turner died before the agricultural
census was made, for he is not among those listed in 1870. His will bequeathed to Louisa "the
home tract of land which belonged to her father, Jacob Jackson, containing about one hundred
and forty acres, in which she has some interest." The children, Thomas, John K., and Mary,
received other lands with careful instructions that included a provision specifying that
Thomas' share be administered by his mother for two years or until he was "in such
circumstances and of such habits that he can hold property and make good." '
On August 14, 1877 Louisa sold "one hundred and forty acres, more or less,"along with
the house "where I now reside," for ten thousand five hundred dollars, a substantial price, to
Israel Turner,Jr., a brother of her late husband." Israel Turner, aged forty-five when the census
of 1870 was taken, is noted as being a "dealer in liquor." 's His family included his wife,
Nannie, aged thirty-five, and their children John, Julia, and Ida, all under ten years of age. He
operated a government licensed distillery on the Jacob Jackson Farm for an undetermined
number of years. Older Hillsborough residents remember playing around 'Turner's Old Still
House Site' as children.'
By 1880, North Carolina farmers were scarcely able to rely on farm produce to provide
an attractive standard of living though farming continued as the basic economic pursuit in the
the central Piedmont and the rest of the state. The prices of agricultural staples had collapsed
because of overproduction and farmers were attracted away from depressed farms by the
growing number of manufacturing jobs available in nearby textile mills and tobacco factories
or to opportunities elsewhere 27 Possibly reflective of this shift from farming to other
occupations, Israel Turner's livelihood depended on the production of whiskey.
The agricultural census of 1880 records that Israel Turner owned 488 acres of which 225
22 Myers, interview.Ann Myers,daughter of the present owner, Marie Hollandsworth, reports that Ida Tumer
Faucette relayed this. It probably took place ca. 1854-60 during the ownership period of John and Louisa Turner
before the Civil War.
"Will dated October 29, 1870,Book H,pp.38-9,Orange County Estate Records,Hillsborough,NC.
Deed dated August 14,1877,Book 45,p. 188,Orange County Register of Deeds Office,Hillsborough,NC.
2s The Orange County census of 1880 would have been more appropriate for this study but microfilm copies at the
North Carolina State Archives are illegible. The portion that includes Hillsborough and Little River Township
has been copied again and new entries have been made over the original ones.
26 Clarence Jones,Director, Hillsborough Historical Society, personal interview,August 19,1993.
2'Lefler and Newsome,pp.492-3.
Ng form tattoo.
(Pw S.") o#MD AW-0 w 1024.°°rs
35
United States Department of the Interior
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Jacob Jackson Farm / Maple Hill
Section number _$_ Page _8 Orange County, NC
acres were unimproved land. The value of his farms, including land and buildings, was listed
as being two thousand and five hundred dollars. It is of special note that he harvested five
hundred bushels of corn in that year. In addition, his lands produced two hundred and fifty
bushels of oats and one hundred and eighty bushels of wheat. The estimated value of all farm
produce was five hundred and fifty dollars. He kept four horses, five milk cows, and five
steers. Of these, two steers were slaughtered for meat. Twenty-five hogs roamed the woods
nearby and thirty were kept penned. Four hundred pounds of butter were churned and fifty
dozen eggs were collected from an unrecorded number of hens. Four acres planted in apple
trees yielded two hundred bushels of apples. Diversified agriculture continued to play an
important role on the Jacob Jackson Farm toward the end of the nineteenth century though it
is not known what, besides whiskey, was produced there or sold. .
Israel Turner died on July 24, 1893. His will directed that liquor in a bonded warehouse
be sold and that the "home place where I now live consisting of one hundred and thirty-five
acres more or less" be conveyed "to my single daughters, Ida Irene Turner and Nannie Israel
Turner." He further stipulated that, "in the event of their marriages, they may, by mutual
consent, divide the land." 'After several years, both women married and in March, 1897, the
Superior Court of Orange County appointed three commissioners to divide "said land into
two equal shares." The commissioner-ordered property division gave 77 acres to Nannie
Turner Hughes and 471/2 acres with the house to Ida Turner Faucette on April 9, 1897.29
In keeping with a late-nineteenth and early-twentieth-century trend in North Carolina
and Orange County toward a decrease in farm size, the Jacob Jackson Farm now consisted of 47
1/2 acres but "Miss Ida" and Thomas "Bite" Faucette operated their farm in a manner which
was otherwise atypical of the general agricultural economy.30 At a time when Piedmont cash
crops were tobacco, corn, and hay, neighbors remember that "times were hard for 'Miss Ida'
who kept a few cows and sold butter but otherwise didn't seem to have any way to earn a
living." Thomas Faucette is described as being a tiny man who was partially paralyzed and "the
work around the place was done by Edgar, a boy the Faucettes eventually adopted." He and
"Miss Ida" made a meager existence from subsistence gardening and limited dairy products.
Edgar attended school only when time permitted for he was required to cultivate the
vegetable garden and care for the cows and chickens. "Miss Ida" allowed him relief once per
week to call on neighbors Sunday evenings to play caroms. He looked forward eagerly to these
occasions. Eventually, when "Miss Ida's" demands became even more stringent, Edgar
departed. Another boy, Bronco Owen, came to lived with the Faucettes and worked on the
"Will dated January 6, 1893,Book I,pp. 1-2,Orange County Estate Records,Hillsborough,NC.
Z'Document dated April 9, 1897,Book 54,p.483,Orange County Register of Deeds Office,Hillsborough,NC.
'°Lefler and Newsome,p.544.
UPS Pone 10-200. OAS AppavW Ue W-6- IS
M.",NS)
United States Department of the Interior 36
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Jacob Jackson Farm / Maple Hill
Section number 8_ Page 9 Orange County, NC
farm for a short time.31
On October 14, 1940, five years after Thomas had passed away, "Miss Ida" sold the house
and 471/2 acres to T. H. and Willie Christian Antrim for four thousand dollars.32 The Antrims
added the connector ell and purchased 12.2 acres of the 77 acres which had been allocated to
Nannie Turner Hughes from D.S. and Elizabeth W. Matheson, enlarging the farm to its
present 63.3 acres on December 11, 1943.'"
The property was deeded to Florence G. Guild on April 17, 1946.'The dining
room/kitchen wing and the granary were constructed and the chicken house was repaired and
resited before Marie B Hollandsworth and her husband, D. E. Hollandsworth (now deceased)
purchased the property on October 13, 1949.' During the Hollandsworths' long ownership,
bathrooms and central heating were added and the house was carefully restored and
maintained. Today, the Jacob Jackson Farm and Maple Hill are owned by Mrs. Hollandsworth
and her daughter, Ann H. Myers. The property with key elements intact, retains integrity as a
prime example of a nineteenth-century Orange County, North Carolina farmstead.
"Blanche Midgett and Carrie Fraley,personal interviews,6&7 September, 1993.
72 Deed dated October 14,1940,Book 112,p.403,Orange County Register of Deeds Office,Hillsborough,NC.
"Deed dated December 11,1943,Book 118,p.432,Orange County Register of Deeds Office,Hillsborough,NC.
"Virginia Antrim, personal interview,10 September,1993.
's Deed dated April 17, 1946,Book 123,p.518,Orange County Register of Deeds Office,Hillsborough,NC
J6 Deed dated October 13,1949,Book 831,p.642,Orange County Register of Deeds Office,Hillsborough,NC.
NVS Fa 10.00"
(P�.326) 043 AWO W t.10760011
United States Department of the Interior 37
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Jacob Jackson Farm / Maple Hill
Section number 9 Page 1 Orange County, NC
Selected Bibliography:
Anderson, Jean Bradley,Piedmont Plantation: The Bennehan-Cameron Family and Lands in
North Carolina, Durham, NC, Historic Preservation Society, 1985.
Bacon, Mary Lena Green, The Tacksons of Orange County NC unpublished, n.d.
Browning, Hugh C., letter to Mrs. D. E. Hollandsworth dated July 29, 1974, File, Department of
Archives and History, North Carolina State Office of Historic Preservation, Survey and
Planning Division, Raleigh, NC.
Carter,Jody and Peck,Todd,Orange County Survey, October 29, 1993, File, Department of
Archives and History, North Carolina State Office of Historic Preservation, Survey and
Planning Division, Raleigh, NC.
Cameron, Annie Sutton, Hillsborough and the Re ulators Hillsborough, Orange County
Historical Museum, 1964.
Clark, Walter, State Records of North Carolina Goldsboro, NC, Nash Bros., 1907.
Lefler, Hugh T., and Newsome, Albert R, The History of a Southern State, North Carolina
Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press, 1954.
Markham, A. B., Map of Land Grants to Early Settlers in Old Orange County, North Carolina,
copy in Documents division, Perkins Library, Duke University, Durham, NC.
McAlester, Virginia and Lee, A Field Guide to American Houses. New York, Knopf, 1992.
Nash, Frank, Hillsboro, Colonial and Revolutionary, Raleigh, NC, 1903.
Powell, William S., Ed., Correspondence of William Tryon and Other Select Papers Raleigh,
NC, Division of Archives and History, 1981.
Ratcliff, Clarence, North Carolina Taxpayers,Vol. 1,1701-1786, Vol. 2, 1679-1790, Baltimore,
Genealogical Publishing Co., 1986.
NPB Form 10.60064 OMB Aprwdl No.f024-WIS
(WV.686)
United States Department of the Interior 38
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Jacob Jackson Farm / Maple Hill
Section number _9 Page __.2 Orange County, NC
Deed Books of Orange County, Vols. 5, 18,35,45,54, 112, 118, 123,831, Register of Deeds Office,
Hillsborough, NC.
Estate Records of Isaac Jackson, Archives Division, North Carolina State Library, Raleigh, NC.
Estate Records of James Jackson, Archives Division, North Carolina State Library, Raleigh, NC.
Estate Records of Jacob Jackson, Archives Division, North Carolina State Library, Raleigh, NC.
Estate Records of Israel Turner, Archives Division, North Carolina State Library, Raleigh, NC.
Wills and Estate Records of Orange County, Vols. E, G, H, I, Orange County Courthouse,
Hillsborough, NC.
U.S. Census for North Carolina, 1860, 1870, 1880.
Agricultural Census for North Carolina, 1860, 1880.
Interviews:
Virginia Antrim, daughter of T. H. and Willie Christian Antrim, 10 September, 1993.
Gary Baldwin, neighboring property owner, 30 August 1993.
Carrie Fraley, member of the Jackson family, 7 September, 1993.
Clarence Jones, Director, Hillsborough Historical Society, 19 August, 1993.
Blanche Midgett, neighboring property owner, 6 September, 1993.
Ann Myers, daughter of D. E. and Marie B. Hollandsworth, 15 September, 1993.
NPS Fpm 10400-a OAAS App—,*No 1024-Ml
(P—.S.{)
United States Department of the Interior 39
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places
Continuation Sheet
Jacob Jackson Farm / Maple Hill
Section number 10 Page 1 Orange County, NC
UTM References for the Jacob Jackson Farm, Orange County,NC:
Zone Easting Northing
A. 17 674440 3996150
B. 17 674650 3996200
C. 17 674600 3996150
D. 17 674920 3995680
E. 17 674510 3995420
Boundary Description:
The boundary of the Jacob Jackson Farm is shown on the accompanying tax map. It
includes one parcel and is designated as Lot 23 in Township 5 on Map 14. It is also described
and recorded in Volume 831, page 642 in the Orange County Register of Deeds Office,
Hillsborough, North Carolina.
Boundary Justification:
The boundary encompasses 63.15 acres surrounding Maple Hill, outbuildings, fields, and
woodlands which have historically comprised the core of the Jacob Jackson Farm. Though the
actual acreage of the farmstead has varied throughout its history, the present boundary is
sufficient to convey the historic context of the property and to protect its architectural and
agricultural character.
40
Exhibit A
Floor Plans,Maple Hill N
Not to Scale
Counter
Cabin
ca. 1810 Dining Room/Kitchen Wing
1946
Pantry
W
O
v
� o
O a'
U °+
Federal Block Greek Revival Wing
ca. 1820 C ca. 1855
LU m
Bath
Stairs Porch Stairs Porch
Floor Plan,Level 1
c,'o
�° c
Bedroom �a o Attic
Q�u
Hall
Bath
Floor Plan,Level 2,South Block
41
Exhibit B
Jacob Jackson Farm Site Plan
Scale: Approximately 1" = 200' N
tai•:. ::+:
•:K4i
Qty •.::t: .A Q `°��
10 4
.;;::::.
Pasture
>;.,
'�'Q Fend
3
1
2 Q = t
■ X., .:
fD
's
>' Xa�c`1
Sti•
1. Maple Hill
2. Barn
3. Chicken House
4. Equipment Shed/Granary
Jacob Jacksor Farm Orange r'ounty, NC
Name of Property County ant. tte
42
1 o. Geographical Data
Acreage of Property 63.15
UTM References
(Place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet.)
1 W ! ! 14111111I1I11 3 1 1 # # 1 # 11 # 1 # 1 11 #
Zone Easting Northing Zone Easting Northing
z W Ill # illl , Il # tl # a W IltlJllll � llll �
®See continuation sheet
Verbal Boundary Description
( (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet.)
Boundary Justification
(Explain why the boundaries were selected on a continuation sheet.)
11. Form Prepared By
name/title Betsy Gohdes-Baten
organization date 10/4193
street & number 2737 Circle Drive telephone 919/489-6368
city or town Durham state NC zip code 27705
Additional Documentation
Submit the following items with the completed form:
Continuation Sheets
Maps
A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location.
A Sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources. .
Photographs
Representative black and white photographs of the property.
Additional items
(Check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items)
Property Owner
(Complete this item at the request of SHPO or FPO.)
name Marie B. Hollandsworth/Ann H. Myers
street & number 805 Purdue Street telephone 919/867-147
city or town Raleigh state NC zip code 27609
Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate
properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain
a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 of seq.).
Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average 18.1 hours per response including time for reviewing
instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect
of this form to the Chief, Administrative Services Division, National Park Service. P.O. Box 37127,Washington, DC 200137127; and the Office of
Management and Budget. Paperwork Reductions Projects(1024-0018),Washington, DC 20503.
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uur�t of �i ii u 101 Z. Orange Street
P.O. Box 429
ci HILLSBOROUGH, NORTH CAROLINA (919) 732-2104
s
27278
MEMORANDUM
To: Emily Cameron, Orange County Planning
From: Margaret A. Hauth, Planning Director N
Date: December 1, 1993
RE: Maple Hill National Register nomination
The town has only transportation planning jurisdiction in this area. The designation of this
property may impact one project in the current Thoroughfare Plan (the straightening of Baldwin
Road), but funding has not been requested for this project, nor has a feasibility study be
requested.
The town generally supports preservation activities and certainly has no objection to the
designation of this property. Based on the report received,Maple Hill appears to be an important
piece of the County's heritage.
RECEIVED FROM
In order to fulfill the required comment procedures, please complete the
information below and the appropriate comment paragraph which is attached 46
after you have reviewed the nomination. This information should be returned
to the National Register Coordinator, Survey and Planning Branch, N.C. State
Historic Preservation Office, 109 E. Jones Street, Raleigh, N.C. 27611.
COMMENTS ARE DUE TO THIS OFFICE BY _ 2, 1994
jannary I
1. Name of Certified Local Government:
Orange County
2. Name of CLG Commission:
Orange County Historic Preservation
Commission
3. Property being reviewed for nomination:
Maple Hill
4. Please attach documentation of the measures taken to provide far r public
comment during the nomination review and a record of any comments
received, as per your certification agreement with the State Historic
Preservation Office.
5. In approving local governments for certification, the SHPO may have
stipulated that the Commission obtain the services of professional
historians, architectural historians, or archeologists when reviewing
National Register nominations, if those disciplines are not represented in
the Commission membership. If this stipulation applies to you, please
note the name of the professional you consulted below and his/her
appropriate field. If you have any questions. about the applicability of
this stipulation to your commission, contact the Preservation Planner at
the State Historic Preservation Office, (919)733-6545.
**The CLG Commission should complete one of the following comment paragraphs: 47
Orange County Historic
A. We, the Preservation Commission have reviewed and discussed the
(CLG Commission)
nomination for the Jacob Jackson Farm/Maple Hilland find that the property
(name of property)
meets the criteria for listing in the National Register of Historic
Places as stated in Section 8 of the report. We, therefore, recommend
that the property be submitted for listing in the Register.
Additional comments:
F-/,
Commission chairman's signature and date --'
Todd Dickinson, Chair
B. We, the have. reviewed and discussed the
(CLG Commission)
nomination for the and find that the
(name of property)
property does not meet the criteria for listing in the National Register
of Historic Places as stated in Section 8 of the report. We, therefore,
do not recommend that the property be submitted for listing in the
Register. The reasons for our findings concerning this nomination are
stated below (use additional sheet if necessary) :
Commission chairman's signature and date
**The Chief Elected Local Official or the Local Governing Board should
complete one of the following comment paragraphs: 48
C. I the Orange County.
or We, the Board of Commissioners ,
(Chief Elected Local Official) (Local Governing Board)
reviewed the nomination for the Jacob Jackson Farm/Maple Hilland find that
(name of property)
the property meets the criteria for listing in the National Register of
Historic Places as stated in Section 8 of the report. I, or We,
therefore, recommend that the property be submitted for listing in the
Register.
Additional comments:
Chief Elected Official's signature and date
Moses Carey, Jr. , Chairman
Orange County Board of Commissioners
D. I, the , or We, the
(Chief Elected Local Official) (Local Governing Board)
have reviewed the nomination for the
and find
(name of property)
that the property does not meet the criteria for listing in the National
Register of Historic Places as stated in Section 8 of the report. I, or,
We, therefore, do not recommend that the property be submitted for listing
in the Register. The reasons for my (or our) findings concerning this
nomination are stated below (use additional sheet if necessary) :
Chief Elected Official's signature and date
MINUTES 49
HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION
December S. 1993
NEMSERS PRESENT: Todd Dickinson, Chair
Tom Allison
Pat Dickinson
Carl Lloyd
Norma Unite
MEMBER ABSENT: Jean Anderson (excused)
Trawick Ward, Vice Chair (excused)
STAFF PRESENT: Emily Cameron, Planner II
Cynthia Shultz, Planning Intern
Debra Graham, Administrative Assistant I
OTHERS: Vic Knight, Appraiser
Diane Lea, N.C. Estates - Historic Properties
AGENDA ITEM #1: CALL TO ORDER
Todd Dickinson called the meeting to order at approximately 5:05
p.m.
AGENDA ITEM 12: CONSIDERATION OF ADDITIONS TO AGENDA
Cameron added a newspaper article from the Durham Morning Herald
submitted by Pat Dickinson. This item was added under
Informational Items (17c) .
AGENDA ITEM 13: APPROVAL OF MINUTES - November 10, 1993
MOTION: White moved to approve the minutes for November 10,
1993. Seconded by Allison.
VOTE: Unanimous.
AGENDA ITEM #4: PUBLIC HEARING ITEMS
a. HP-1-93, Maple Hill National Register Nomination
Cameron presented the item. She briefly explained the procedures
of a public hearing for those not familiar with them. She stated
that the public hearing is opened and then the Staff makes a
presentation. After the staff recommendation, the floor is
opened for comments or questions from the Commission. After the
Commission's comments and questions, the floor is opened to
citizens for their comments. Written comments can be received
and included in the testimony as long as they are provided at the
time of the public hearing. Once citizen comments have been
made, the public hearing is closed and the Commission will make a
recommendation. In this case a recommendation will be forwarded
to the Board of County Commissioners for their first meeting in
January.
i
The National Register of Historic Places is a roster maintained
by the National Park Service of buildings, sites, and objects
deemed worthy of recognition and preservation. As a Certified
Local Government, Orange County is required to conduct a public
hearing when a site within its jurisdiction is nominated to the k
National Register.
The property is located in Eno Township on the north side of St.
Mary's Road (SR 1002) 0.4 mile west of New Sharon Church Road (SR
1538) . The tract contains 63.15 acres and is currently zoned
Agricultural Residential.
Located on the property are a residence, a barn, and two (2) non-
contributing structures. The house began as a single-pen log
cabin built circa 1810. Approximately ten years later, a two-
story, Federal style farmhouse was built as a separate structure
south of the log cabin. A Greek Revival wing was added to the
farmhouse circa 1855. In 1940, the farmhouse was connected to
the cabin by an ell extending north. The last addition to Maple
Hill was a dining room/kitchen wing built in 1946 east of the log
cabin.
A large log and frame barn is located in a pasture west of Maple
Hill. The description contained in the nomination form estimates
that the barn was built from 1855 to 1910. It contributes to the
historic quality of the site.
National Register nominations are evaluated based on the
following criteria;
a. Property is associated with events that have made a
significant contribution to the broad patterns of our
history.
b. Property is associated with the lives of persons significant
in our past.
c. Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type,
period, or method of construction or represents the work of
a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represents a
significant and distinguishable entity whose components lack
individual distinction.
d. Property has yielded, or is likely to yield, information
important in prehistory or history.
Maple Hill and the accompanying farm qualify for listing on the
National Register under Criteria A and C. The vernacular Federal
style of the farmhouse is one of the best examples from the early
nineteenth century that remain standing in Orange County. The
farm is significant in that it illustrates the type of
diversified subsistence farming that supported the agricultural
economy of Orange County in the nineteenth and early-twentieth
centuries.
During the review period, the Planning Staff solicited comments
from interested agencies or groups. Because the property is
located adjacent to one of the sites being considered for a
future landfill to serve the county and municipalities, the
Landfill Owners Group, Orange County Public Works, and the Towns 51
of Chapel Hill and Carrboro were notified of the public hearing.
According to the Chapel Hill Solid Waste Administrator, potential
landfill sites are currently undergoing geologic testing. The
test results should be reported by the consulting engineers in
February or March. The Planning Staff was also advised that a
300-foot minimum buffer would be provided between the landfill
and adjacent properties.
The Town of Hillsborough also responded with a comment about its
Thoroughfare Plan for the area around Maple Hill. A realignment
of Baldwin Road (SR 1554) west of the site is proposed, but is
not considered a priority transportation improvement.
If a property is listed on the National Register, it is not
completely protected from a construction project where state or
federal funds are used. For example, if state or federal funds
are used to establish a landfill on the property adjacent to
Maple Hill, the project would be reviewed by the State Historic
Preservation Office in accordance with Section 106 of the
National Historic Preservation Act or the North Carolina General
Statutes 121-12a.
Following the close of the public hearing, the Historic
Preservation Commission will vote on a recommendation to be
forwarded to the Board of County Commissioners and the State
Historic Preservation Office. The nomination will be placed on
the Commissioners agenda for January 4, 1994.
The Board of Commissioners and the Historic Preservation
Commission must separately notify the State and the property
owners of their recommendations by January 12, 1994. The
nomination will be presented to the North Carolina National
Register Advisory Committee on January 13, 1994. The Committee's
recommendation will then be forwarded to the National Register
office.
The Planning Staff recommended approval of the nomination of
Maple Hill to the National Register of Historic Places, and that
the Chair be authorized to sign the CLG Commission comment form
to be forwarded to the State Historic Preservation Office.
I
Todd Dickinson asked about the property across the street from
the Maple Hill property where he recently noticed a sign that
i
says the property is a designated farmland.
Cameron responded that the owner of that property is Stuart
Barbour. She explained that the designated farmland is a
voluntary program that the County has under the Farmland
Preservation Ordinance. She stated that the Agricultural
Districts Advisory Board is a group of citizens that evaluate
applications for the voluntary agricultural districts. That
Board has a set of criteria that they use to evaluate the farms
that request the designation. The criteria may include
development pressures, and the quality of the farmland itself,
based on the soil characteristics and activities that are taking
place there. She stated that there are only two voluntary
agricultural districts in the County so far, this farm and the
Carl & Elizabeth Walters farm.
52
Shultz explained that all properties within one half mile of a
voluntary agricultural district are designated as such in the
County's Land Records computer system. It gives people notice
that they will have to deal with the farm impacts if they move t
into that area.
Diane Lea asked if there was some kind of tax abatement
associated with the voluntary agricultural district designation.
Cameron responded that there is no additional abatement other
than if the farm qualifies for the farm use taxation.
Lea pointed out that there are two very important historic sites
in the County that have special circumstances. She stated that
as the progress of the landfill discussion proceeds, she would
like to see the Commission formulate some statement of support
for not placing Site 11 in a high priority area.
White asked about a For Sale sign that was previously posted on
the property. Lea responded that the property is still on the
market but the sign was taken down to prevent trespassing on the
property. She stated that the present owners are very much
involved with the process of seeking National Register status.
She also noted that the house is currently occupied by a very
caring tenant.
Vic Knight stated that he has a personal interest in historic
properties. He stated that he has done quite a bit of work
around the Hillsborough area from a preservation standpoint. He
encouraged the Commission to support the Staff recommendation
because there aren't many more historic sites such as this left
in the County.
Todd Dickinson asked if the cash value of a property would go up
because of it being listed on the National Register. Knight
responded that he does not have an data but
y people who are
interested in
purchasing historic properties are going to look at
the property as being more valuable. He noted that people who
like older houses have a tendency to pay more and it is very
important to them to maintain the property because of the
historic nature.
Allison asked if a property is on the National Register and also
on the market, will the fact that a landfill located nearby take
away from the National Register status in terms of value. Knight
responded that he does not know of a case that he could compare
this to. He stated that his reaction is that the landfill would
harm the site instead of help but this would take some study to
determine exactly what effect it will have.
Allison stated that the Blackwell Farm is located near a current
landfill and that is why that landfill site will not be expanded.
He asked if the Maple Hill site will be the same situation. Todd
Dickinson stated that the job of the Commission is to moderate as
much as possible the adverse impacts to the historic structures
in the County. . He stated that the Blackwell Farm site will have
to be considered as much as the Maple Hill site. He noted that
there is a difference because the Blackwell site is already near
a landfill site. 53
Lea stated that there are so few pristine settings left in the
County. She stated that Orange County is fortunate to have Maple
Hill.
Todd Dickinson stated that he visited the farm with the previous
owners and did some repair work. He noted that he thinks the
site is worth preserving. White commented that she appreciates
Todd pointing out the fact that he had done some work at the
site. She stated that she thinks it is perfectly appropriate for
members of the Commission to do negotiations of this sort as part
of their job but the Commission should know about it.
Cameron stated that the role of the Commission in terms of
approval of a landfill is comment on the approval of a Class A
Special Use Permit and Environmental Impact Statement. The
Commission would have an opportunity to comment to the
Commissioners and attend the public hearings regarding landfill
sites.
Todd Dickinson closed the public hearing portion of the meeting.
MOTION: Pat Dickinson moved to recommend approval of the
nomination of Maple Hill to the National Register and
forward it to the County Commissioners for their
approval. Seconded by Allison.
VOTE: Unanimous.
AGENDA ITEM #5: REPORTS
a. Status of State Grants Program Application
Cameron reminded the Commission that the State Grants application
was made for the publication of the inventory book. The
announcement of grant recipients was to be made the first of
December. She stated that she had called the Secretary's office
today and was told they are still considering the applications.
A decision should be made within the next week. She stated that
this prevents the completion of the forms and proceeding with the
next survey and planning grant. If the County does not get the
State Grants application, the publication should be submitted for
the next survey and planning grant rather than the Preservation
Plan. She stated that this is due January 31, 1994.
b. Manuscript Subcommittee
Cameron distributed the subcommittee report prepared by Jean
Anderson (copy attached) . She stated that, in regard to the next
to the last sentence in the report, Collins wanted to clarify
that as far as the technical report was concerned the consultants
will do the cleanup and technical corrections, but there won't be
any rewriting or reshaping of the technical report.
Pat Dickinson stated that she would like to see the photographs
that were taken. Allison stated that he thinks it is important
to have a pretty book, but it is also important to document the
things that may not be such great looking buildings. White