HomeMy WebLinkAboutAgenda - 05-21-1997 - 10d 1
ORANGECOUNTY
BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
ACTION AGENDA ITEM ABSTRACT
Meeting Date: September 21, 1997
Action Agenda
Item # /0_d
SUBJECT: Report on Town of Chapel Hill Energy Policy and Energy Ordinance/Resolution
DEPARTMENT: County Manager PUBLIC HEARING: Yes No
ATTACHMENT(S): BUDGET AMENDMENT: Yes No
County Engineer's report INFORMATION CONTACT:
Chapel Hill Energy Policy County Engineer Extension 2303
Draft Chapel Hill Energy Ordinance
Draft Chapel Hill Energy Resolution TELEPHONE NUMBERS:
Hillsborough - 732-8181
Durham - 688-7331
Mebane - 227-2031
Chapel Hill - 967-9251/968-4501
PURPOSE: To present the Town of Chapel Hill's adopted and proposed energy policy and procedures
to the BOCC for its review and consideration for use as a potential guide for developing
County and Board of Education policies and procedures that will assure energy efficient
design and construction in new or renovation building construction funded by the County.
BACKGROUND: The Chapel Hill Citizens' Energy Task Force was created by the Chapel Hill Town
Council in February 1992. It was initially charged with preparing a specific plan to
upgrade Town buildings with energy efficient lighting. The task force was also
charged with making other recommendations to the Council with regard to other
measures that could produce energy savings. In September 1995, the task force
recommended that the Town adopt a proposed Town Energy Policy applicable to
all new and existing Town buildings. The proposed policy was referred to the Town
Manager and staff for review. During the time period between September 1995 and
January 1997, the task force and Town staff worked to reach a consensus on a
recommendation for the Energy Policy. The policy document resulting from this
consensus was presented to the Chapel Hill Town Council on March 3, 1997, and
was adopted.
Concurrently with the development and presentation of the Energy Policy, the
Energy Task Force was working to develop an Energy Conservation Ordinance. The
purpose of the ordinance was to ensure that buildings built or substantially renovated
by the Town itself would be built in the most environmentally sound manner and
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incorporate the most up-to-date energy efficient technology. The proposed ordinance
was presented to the Chapel Hill Town Council in November 1996. The Council
referred the proposed ordinance to the Town Manager and Town Attorney for review.
Within the review process ongoing discussion, suggestions and negotiations have been
taking place between Town staff and the task force. This has resulted in a number of
changes in the language in the proposed ordinance. Ultimately, however,the task force
and Town staff came to an impass about whether an energy ordinance or an energy
conservation resolution should be presented to the Town Council. There were also
several unresolved differences in regard to responsibilities for various tasks outlined in
the proposed resolution and ordinance. These differences were scheduled to be
presented to the Town Council for a decision on May 12, 1997.
RECOMMENDATION: The Manager recommends that the Board review the attached material and
advise staff if the Board wishes to: a)incorporate a similar energy policy,
ordinance or resolution within County policies and procedures use;b)have
staff develop a draft of energy policies, ordinances, resolutions, etc., to be
brought back to the Board for its review, comment or approval at a later date.
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MEMORANDUM
TO: County Commissioners
John Link, County Manager
FROM: Paul Thames,PE, County Engineer
DATE: May 15, 1997
SUBJECT: Town of Chapel Hill Energy Policy and Energy Ordinance/Resolution
The Chapel Hill Citizens' Energy Task Force was created by the Chapel Hill Town Council in February
1992. It was charged with preparing a specific plan to upgrade Town buildings with energy efficient
lighting. The charge of the task force was later expanded to include making recommendations to the
Council with regard to other measures that could promote energy efficiency and the use of renewable
energy. In September 1995, the task force recommended that the Town adopt a proposed Town Energy
Policy applicable to all new and existing Town buildings. The proposed policy was referred to the Town
Manager and staff for review. During the time period between September 1995 and January 1997, the
task force and Town staff worked to reach a consensus on a recommendation for the Energy Policy. The
policy document resulting from this consensus was presented to the Chapel Hill Town Council at its
3 March 1997 meeting at which time it was adopted.
During the time frame in which the Energy Policy was being developed and approved, the Energy Task
Force was working to create an Energy Conservation Ordinance which was also intended to be applicable
to all new and existing Town buildings. The purpose of the ordinance was to require(insofar as Town
Council-imposed financial constraints and investment payback standards would allow)that buildings built
or substantially renovated by the Town itself be built in the most environmentally sound manner and
incorporate the most up-to-date energy efficient technology. The proposed ordinance was presented to
the Chapel Hill Town Council in November 1996. The Council referred the proposed ordinance to the
Town Manager and Town Attorney for review and scheduled a public hearing. In February 1997, the
Town Manager and Attorney reported back to the Town Council with a number of recommended
changes to the task force recommendations. Most of the recommended changes were incorporated into
the language of task force's recommended ordinance. However, there were three recommended changes
to which the task force took exception: 1)Town staff recommended that a resolution be used in lieu of an
ordinance to accomplish energy conservation goals; 2) staff recommended that the Town's existing
consultant selection policy be used to chose an architect in lieu of the task force recommendation that it
be allowed to choose one member of the consultant selection committee; and 3) Town staff
recommended that the Town Manager be responsible for monitoring and reporting a new or renovated
building's energy efficiency performance to the Town Council in lieu of the task force recommendation to
require the project architect to monitor and report on the energy efficiency. Perhaps the most critical of
these differences was the use of an ordinance or a resolution to achieve energy goals. Town staff,
particularly the Town Attorney, contended that the Town could be putting Town staff, selection
committee members and elected officials at risk of a criminal charge if the Town failed to select a
consultant with the best energy efficient design credentials or otherwise failed inadvertently to comply
with the terms of the ordinance. At its meeting of 12 May 1997, the Chapel Hill adopted the proposed
Energy Conservation Ordinance with minor revisions to the language of the ordinance. A text of the
ordinance with the revisions is not available as of this writing.
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Elements of both the proposed ordinance and resolution where there was little or no disagreement
between staff and task force proposed language or intent included: a) overall energy savings goals;
b) energy savings features and strategies; and c) architectural design consultant selection criteria. The
overall energy savings goal was to ensure that any new building consumes thirty percent less energy than
the maximum allowed under the standards set by the NC Building Code in effect as of 1 February 1997.
The preferred energy savings features and strategies, which were explicitly specified in the proposed
ordinance and resolution, included solar orientation(building layout), daylighting, use of special glass,
use of insulation in excess of code requirements, use of renewable energy for heating air and swimming
pools and cooling, water conservation, landscape shading and wind block strategies, use of energy
efficient motors and lighting, use of energy management systems, location of parking areas to minimize
heat absorption, and the use of materials and colors which will decrease cooling loads. The architectural
consultant selection process required that an architect (or firm)must demonstrate expertise in energy
efficient building design by means of a previously designed building incorporating the energy savings
strategies and techniques listed above. The ordinance and resolution also required that the project
architect show justification for failing to incorporate any of the listed energy savings techniques and
strategies in the building design.
It was suggested by the Energy Task force that Orange County would benefit by adopting a similar
ordinance or resolution to guide design of its own buildings as well as those of both the Orange County
and Chapel Hill-Carrboro school systems. The school systems, by virtue of their ongoing programs of
constructing large buildings(far in excess of anything proposed by the Town[s] and County combined)
and potential for significant energy use and conservation,were deemed an important domain for the
imposition of mandatory energy design requirements.
The draft energy efficiency ordnance and resolution have not been reviewed in any detail by County staff
other than the County Engineer. Nonetheless, it would appear to be a reasonable expectation that
County staff could have much the same concern as that of Chapel Hill staff relative to the choice of using
a resolution or an ordinance as an instrument of strategy to achieve energy efficiency. A specific example
relative to consultant selection comes immediately to mind: in selecting a consultant for design of a new
or expanded jail, should a consultant be selected on the basis of experience with jail construction or
energy efficiency design. Under the requirement of the draft Chapel Hill ordinance, it would be required
by law that a design consultant having the requisite energy efficiency expertise but no jail design
experience be selected over a consultant having jail design expertise but little or no track record for
energy efficient design and construction. There may be other issues of concern which would need to be
analyzed and evaluated by the BOCC and County staff. County staff will, of course, review the proposed
and adopted ordinance and the proposed resolution and provide comments to the BOCC as per the
Board's instruction. If I may provide any additional information or clarification, please advise.
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Energy Policy: Town of Chapel Hill
Introduction: The cost of energy represents a significant portion of the Town budget. In fact, the
cost of electricity,natural gas and motor fuels for all funds is about $920,000 per year. In addition
to these direct costs, our energy consumption has certain negative effects on the environment,
particularly air quality, depletes our natural resources and constitutes an economic loss to our
community. In view of the above, the Town of.Chapel Hill adopts the energy policy described
herein.
1. Purpose: The purpose of this policy is to ensure that the municipal government of the Town
of Chapel Hill is a responsible, effective and efficient user of energy. The daily operations
of a municipal government require the use of a great deal of energy to heat and cool our
buildings, to light our work areas and to fuel the automobiles, trucks and buses that we use
to deliver essential services to the public. We will always be a large consumer of energy;
however, we can and should take steps to eliminate waste and minimize our energy costs
and consumption and utilize renewable energy resources where we can do so without
compromising the quality of our service delivery.
2. Responsibility for Energy Management: The Town Manager is responsible for the effective
and efficient use of all Town resources, including energy resources. The Town Manager may
delegate the authority for such management to various other members of the staff. At the
discretion of the Town Manager a "Town Energy Manager" may be appointed from among
the existing staff to coordinate energy management tasks among the staff. As the need arises,
the Town Manager may appoint AD HOC staff working groups to concentrate on various
aspects of this policy.
3. Goals an&Objectives: The primary objective of this policy is to improve energy efficiency in
all Town operations while maintaining the high quality of municipal services.
a. Measuring Energy Usage. The first energy management priority of the Town Manager is to
develop standard procedures for accurately measuring the Town's energy use and establishing
a baseline from which to measure progress toward the goal of increased energy efficiency.
Possible measures of effectiveness could be BTUs per square foot for buildings, miles per
gallon for various classes of vehicles and total BTU's per citizen. This effort will include
development of a series of graphic representations of the Town's energy use suitable for
inclusion in the Town Manager's quarterly report. These graphic reports will include
electricity, natural gas,water and motor fuels.
b. Strategic Energy Management Plan. The Town Manager, in consultation with the Citizen's
Energy Task Force, is charged with developing a Strategic Energy Management Plan for
the Town of-Chapel Hill. This plan should cover no less than a five year period and will be
updated annually. The initial plan shall be prepared for submission with the Town
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Manager's fiscal year 1996/1997 annual report to the Council. The strategic plan should.
discuss the other key goals and objectives of this policy including, but not limited to, the
following:
1) Development of Specific Energy Use Reduction Goals
2) Continuation of the on-going lighting retrofit program.
3) Development of demand-limiting strategies such as, operation of emergency back-
up generators during periods of peak electrical demand
4) Preparation for the energy impacts associated with the requirement to introduce
higher volumes of outside air into HVAC system in response to new Federal indoor
air quality standards.
5) Exploration of alternative funding strategies for financing energy efficiency projects.
6) Improving the efficiency of HVAC systems Town-wide.
7) Development of enhanced preventive maintenance measures to optimize the operation
of energy consuming systems such as, periodic scheduled replacement of HVAC .
filters.
8) Review of the rate schedules of public utilities including Duke Power, Orange Water
and Sewer Authority, and Public Service Gas Company to ensure that the Town is
billed under the most favorable rate schedule.
9) Identification of technical training and educational opportunities for Town staff
members involved in energy management.
4. Coordination with the Citizens' Energy Task Force: The Citizens' Energy Task Force
was initially appointed by Council to develop a plan for the Town to take advantage of
energy efficient lighting technology. The charge of the Citizens' Energy Task Force was
later expanded to include making recommendations to the Council for other measures that
can be taken to promote energy efficiency and use of renewable energy. This policy
envisions that the Citizens' Energy Task Force will continue to operate until such time as the
Town Council deems its work is completed. The Town Manager will continue to provide a
staff representative to the Citizens' Energy Task Force.
5. Design Review: Energy efficiency issues will be considered during the staff design review on
all local government buildings planned for construction within the planning and permitting
jurisdiction of the Town of Chapel Hill. In the case of new building construction planned by the
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Town of Chapel Hill, the review of requests for qualifications for Architects and Engineers and.
the screening and selection of project architects will include the issue of experience with energy
efficient designs, emerging energy efficient technologies and renewable energy applications.
6. Intergovernmental Coordination: From time to time, opportunities will arise to share
information and experience with other governmental entities about emerging energy efficient
technologies, energy conservation practices and renewable energy applications. The Town
Manager will coordinate the Town's participation in cooperative energy conservation efforts
with the State Government and other local governments. At a minimum, this effort will
include considering energy conservation in design reviews of planned new schools in the
Chapel Hill-Canboro School District. Similar cooperative efforts with Orange County, the
Town of Carrboro, the University of North Carolina and other neighboring jurisdictions may
be undertaken as opportunities arise.
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CITIZEN'S ENERGY TASK FORCE RECOMMENDATION
AN ORDINANCE AMENDING THE TOWN CODE (ENERGY CONSERVATION IN
DESIGN AND OPERATION OF NEW AND RENOVATED TOWN BUILDINGS)
BE IT ORDAINED by the Town Council of Chapel Hill that the Council hereby amends the
Town Code by adding a new Article VII. ENERGY CONSERVATION IN DESIGN AND
OPERATION OF NEW AND RENOVATED TOWN BUILDINGS to Chapter 5. BUILDINGS
AND BUILDING REGUALTIONS, to read as follows:
ARTICLE VII. ENERGY CONSERVATION IN DESIGN AND OPERATION
OF NEW AND RENOVATED TOWN BUILDINGS
Sec. 5-107. Intent
It is the intent of the Council to comply with the applicable provisions of G.S. Chapter
143, Article 3B, Energy Conservation In Public Facilities; and to ensure that buildings built or
substantially renovated by the Town of Chapel Hill are built in the most environmentally sound
way.
The Comprehensive Plan for the Town of Chapel Hill says that, "The Town shall
encourage site planning, landscaping, and' structure design which maximizes the potential for
energy conservation by reducing the demand for artificial heating, cooling, ventilation and
lighting, and facilitating the use of solar and other energy resources."
It is the intent of the Council to provide the citizens and employees of the Town of
Chapel Hill with new and renovated buildings which will give the optimum comfort, ensure the
durability of investments for the taxpayer, consider the health of building occupants and provide
the greatest awareness possible of the environmental impacts of what we do.
Sec. 5-108. Energy Conservation Goals in Building Design.
Any buildings built with Town funds shall be designed to achieve a goal of using at least
30% less energy than required by the North Carolina State Building Codes in effect as of
February 1, 1997, as long as the estimated energy savings exceed the marginal cost of the energy
saving features over the expected life of the building and subject to fiscal constraints established
by the Council. In order to avoid increased cost of operation, care shall be taken to avoid
complex systems that would require extensive technical training of personnel. Acceptable
methods for energy use analysis can be found in Energy Efficient County Facilities For Wake
County. A copy of this document is on file and available for loan from the Internal Services
Division, Chapel Hill Public Works Department.
Sec. 5-109. Qualification of Architects.
In order to be selected to design a Town building, an architect has to demonstrate that the
architectural firm has previously designed a building using some or all of the techniques listed
herein. The architect chosen for any building must incorporate the conditions of this article in
the building design or show justification why not.
To help ensure compliance with this article, at least one member of each architectural
selection review panel shall be a recognized energy professional nominated by the Citizens'
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Energy Task Force. The Citizens' Energy Task Force shall maintain a list, updated annually, of
qualified volunteer energy professionals including of brief summary of their qualifications and
experience. For projects where the estimated cost of architectural and engineering services is
less that $30,000, the manager is authorized to select a panel member from the list. For projects
where the estimated cost of architectural and engineering services is $30,000 or more, the
Manager shall solicit a nomination from the Citizen's Energy Task Force to identify the selection
panel member.
Sec. 5-110. Energy Performance Monitoring and Reporting.
For major construction projects or substantial renovations of exiting buildings
(construction costs of $200,000 or more and/or architectural fees of $30,000 or more) the
architect's contract shall require the architect to monitor the energy performance of the building
and assist the staff in optimizing energy use of the building during the first year. Twelve months
after completion of the project, the architect shall be required to prepare a written report on the
performance of the building in relation to the requirements of this article and to present their
report to the Council at a regularly scheduled business meeting. For smaller projects the Town
Manager may either require these services of the architect or assign similar responsibilities to the
staff project manager.
The Town Manager's annual report to Council will include a section reporting the energy
consumption performance of each Town building.
Sec. 5-111. Use of Energy Efficient Technologies in Town Buildings.
Energy saving features, including but not limited to the following, shall be considered for
new Town buildings and major renovations of existing buildings. Design documents shall
include an explanation of how the features listed below are incorporated into the design or, for
those features not incorporated, an explanation of the financial or operational reasons why the
feature was omitted from the design.
a. Solar orientation, with the long axis facing south
b. Use of daylighting
c. Use of appropriate glass for minimizing heating and cooling loads
d. Insulation beyond minimum standards
e.,Use of renewable energy for heating and cooling
f. Use of renewable energy for heating and swimming pools
g. Use of water conservation measures including dual water systems if available
h. Landscaping for summer cooling effect and for blocking winter winds
i. Use of energy efficient motors
j. Use of energy efficient lighting
k. Use of energy management systems
1. Parking areas designed to limit heat absorption
m. Use of building materials and color to decrease cooling load
This the 12' day of May, 1997.
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MANAGER'S RECOMMENDATION
A RESOLUTION ESTABLISHING THE TOWN POLICY ON ENERGY CONSERVATION
IN DESIGN AND OPERATION OF NEW AND RENOVATED TOWN BUILDINGS
WHEREAS, the Citizens' Energy Task Force, on November 26, 1996, recommended that the
Town adopt certain energy conservation procedures with regard to the design and operation of
new and renovated Town buildings; and
WHEREAS, it is the intent of the Council to comply with the applicable provisions of G.S.
Chapter 143, Article 3B, Energy Conservation In Public Facilities; and
WHEREAS, it is the intent of the Council to ensure that buildings built or substantially
renovated by the Town of Chapel Hill are built in the most environmentally sound way; and
WHEREAS, it is the intent of the Council to provide the citizens and employees of the Town of
Chapel Hill with new and renovated buildings which will give the optimum comfort, ensure the
durability of investments for the taxpayer, consider the health of building occupants and provide
the greatest awareness possible of the environmental impacts of what we do;
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Council of the Town of Chapel Hill that,
1. Any buildings built with Town funds shall be designed to achieve a goal of using at least
30% less energy than required by the North Carolina State Building Codes in effect as of
February 1. 1997, as long as the estimated energy savings exceed the marginal cost of the
energy saving features over the expected life of the building and subject to fiscal constraints
established by the Council. In order to avoid increased cost of operation, care shall be taken
to avoid complex systems that would require extensive technical training of personnel.
Acceptable methods for energy use analysis can be found in Energy Efficient County
Facilities For Wake County. A copy of this document is on file and available for loan from
the-Internal Services Division, Chapel Hill Public Works Department.
2. In order to be selected to design a Town building, an architect has to demonstrate that the
architectural firm has previously designed a building using some or all of the techniques
listed herein. The architect chosen for any building must incorporate the conditions of this
resolution in the building design or show justification why not.
3. The Manager will report to the Council twelve months after the completion of the building as
to the performance of the building in relation to the requirements of this resolution. The
Town Manager's annual report to Council will include a section reporting the energy
consumption performance of each Town building.
4. Energy saving features, including but not limited to the following, shall be considered for
new Town buildings and major renovations of existing buildings. Design documents shall
include an explanation of how the features listed below are incorporated into the design or,
for those features not incorporated, an explanation of the financial or operational reasons why
the feature was omitted from the design.
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a. Solar orientation, with the long axis facing south
b. Use of daylighting
c. Use of appropriate glass for minimizing heating and cooling loads
d. Insulation beyond minimum standards
e. Use of renewable energy for heating and cooling
f. Use of renewable energy for heating and swimming pools
g. Use of water conservation measures including dual water systems if available
h. Landscaping for summer cooling effect and for blocking winter winds
i. Use of energy efficient motors
j. Use of energy efficient lighting
k. Use of energy management systems
1. Parking areas designed to limit heat absorption
m. Use of building materials and color to decrease cooling load
This the 12''day of May, 1997.