HomeMy WebLinkAboutORD-2009-139 Zoning Ordinance Text Amendment Relating to Outdoor LightingO/1fJ '~oa9. /~ 9
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AN ORDINANCE AMENDING
THE ORANGE COUNTY ZONING ORDINANCE
WHEREAS, there has been heightened scrutiny over existing regulations relating
to the review, processing, and approval of outdoor lighting plans within the County, and
WHEREAS, current regulations do not explicitly establish a cap on the total
amount of light that can be generated on a given parcel of property, and
.WHEREAS, the current regulations do not take into account the differences
between projects requiring outdoor lighting within urbanizing or rural areas of the
County, and
WHEREAS, the submittal requirements for lighting plans are ambiguous and
have lead to confusion, and
WHEREAS, the proposed amendment establishes an overall cap on the total
amount of outdoor lighting on a given parcel of property, provides for a differentiation
between projects within the urbanizing and rural areas of the County, and provides
additional detail on the submittal requirements for outdoor lighting plans.
BE IT ORDAINED BY THE BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS OF ORANGE
COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA, hereby amends the Orange County Zoning Ordinance
by adding (indicated by double underlined language) and deleting (indicated by stricken
through language) as follows:
6.31 Outdoor Lighting Standards
6.31.1 Purpose and Intent:
A. Outdoor lighting is provided for a variety of purposes to the benefit
of modern society. For work or recreation, it enables people to see
essential detail in order that they may undertake their activities at
night. It facilitates the safety or security of persons or property, for
example through lighting on roads and pathways. It may be used
to emphasize features of architectural or historical significance,
and to light parks and gardens. It is used for advertising or display
to promote products or services, or to call attention to commercial
premises by means of area lighting or signs.
B. It is the intent of this ordinance to preserve, protect, and enhance
the lawful nighttime use and enjoyment of any and all property
throu h the use of a ro riate li htin ractices and s stems.
Such individual .fixtures and lighting systems are designed,
constructed, and installed to maintain safety, security and
productivity, reduce glare, and curtail the degradation of the
nighttime visual environment in addition to promoting conservation
of energy. It is the intent of these regulations that lighting
unnecessary for safety or security be discouraged.
6.31.2 Definitions:
AASHTO: American Association of State Highway and
Transportation Officials
Cutoff Fixture: An outdoor lighting fixture shielded or
constructed in such a manner that no more .than
two and one half (2 '/z) percent of the total light
emitted by the fixture is projected above the
horizontal plane of the fixture.
Direct Light:: Light emitted directly from the lamp, off of the
reflector diffuser, or through the refractor or
diffuser lens, of a luminaire.
Fixture: The assembly that houses the lamp or lamps and
can include all or some of the following parts: a
housing, a mounting bracket or pole socket, a
lamp holder, a ballast, a reflector or mirror,
and/or a refractor or lens.
Flood Lamp: A form of lighting designed to direct its output in
a specific direction with a reflector formed from
the glass envelope of the lamp itself. Such
lamps are so designated by the manufacturers
and are typically used in residential outdoor area
Floodlight: A form of lighting designated to direct its output
in a diffuse, more or less specific direction, with
reflecting or refracting elements located external
to the lamp.
Footcandle (fc): The amount of light falling onto a surface.
Full Cutoff Fixture: An outdoor lighting fixture shielded or
rnnctri irtari in ci i~h a manner that it F±mitc nn
Glare: Light emitting from a luminaire with an intensity
great enough to reduce a viewer's ability to see
or to cause annoyance, and, in extreme cases,
causing momentary blindness.
Holiday Decoration: Holiday displays, decorations and greetings,
which relate to any federally designated holiday,
legal holiday or religious holiday.
Lamp: The source of electric light: the bulb. To be
distinguished from fixture and luminaire.
Lumen: A unit of luminous flux. One foot-candle is one
lumen per square foot. For the purposes of this
ordinance, the lumen-output values shall be the
INITIAL lumen output ratings of a lamp.
Luminaires A complete lighting system that includes a lamp
or lamps and a fixture.
Semi-Cutoff Fixture: An outdoor fixture shielded or .constructed in
such a manner that it emits no more than five (5)
percent of its light above the horizontal plane of
the fixture, and no more than twenty (20) percent
of its light ten (10) degrees below the horizontal
plane of the fixture.
Upward: Projection of light above the horizontal plane.
6.31.3 Applicability:
A. All outdoor lighting installed on public or private property
shall comply with the outdoor lighting standards as
contained in Section 6.31, unless exempted in Section
6.31.4.
B. In the event of a conflict between the outdoor lighting
standards as contained in Section 6.31 and any other
section of this ordinance, the more strin ent re uirement
shall apply.
6.31.4 Exemptions:
The following are exempt from the provisions of the outdoor lighting
standards as contained in Section 6.31:
A. All outdoor lighting lawfully installed prior to the effective
date of the outdoor lighting standards contained in Section
6.31, except the replacement of mercury vapor luminaires.
Mercury vapor luminaires, except for single-family
residences, must be replaced in conformity with the
Outdoor Lighting Standards upon the earlier occurrence of
the replacement of the fixture or the lamp.
B. Any outdoor lighting, including mercury vapor, used for an
individual single-family residence, where the residence is
constructed as of the effective date of the outdoor lighting
standards contained in Section 6.31.
C. Bona fide agricultural uses.
D. Traffic control signals and devices.
E. Temporary emergency lighting (i.e. fire, police, repair
workers, highway maintenance and construction, etc.).
F. Moving vehicle lights.
G. Navigation lights (i.e. airports, heliports, radio/television
towers, communication towers, etc.).
H. Holiday decorations using typical unshielded low-wattage
incandescent lights, which are in place no longer than 60
days.
I. Security lights of any wattage that are controlled by a
motion-sensor switch, which do not remain on longer than
12 minutes after activation, and do not exceed 150 watts
(2200 lumens).
J. Roadway lighting, installed as of the effective date of the
outdoor lighting standards, as contained in Section 6.31,
within State maintained rights-of-way provided that the
standards of Sections 6.31.5.E and Section 6.31.6.1 are
met, exce t for mercur va or luminaires. Mercu va or
luminaires used for roadway lighting must be replaced in
conformity with the outdoor lighting standards contained in
Section 6.31 upon the earlier occurrence of the
replacement of the fixture or the lamp.
6.31.5 Submittal Requirements:
With the exception of single-family and duplex residential site plan
submittals, a lighting plan shall be submitted with site plan or preliminary
plan approval documents when outdoor lightin fixtures ar~~ proposed.
The overall sco e and ur ose of the li htin Ian is to all~aw staff to work
prevent excessive and unnecessary lighting_on
with the property owner to
,
the ro ert rior to installation of the ro osed fixtures and to avoid
costl com liance remedies later u on com letion of the ilo~ect--._The plan
shall contain the following information:
plans shall iae completed and sealed by a
A. Ligting
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professional encainer and shall contain all required
information as detailed herein as well as +~utlined within
Article Fourteen (i4 of this Qrdinance,
~m-,8. rPlans, drawn to scale at a maximum of one ~1 } inch
equaling forty x,40 feet, showing the exact proposed
location, type, and height of outdoor luminaires including
both building, pole and ground fixtures;
B.C. A description of the luminaires, including lamps, poles or
other supports and shielding devices, which may be
provided as catalogue illustrations and product
specifications from the manufacturer. As ioart of this
requirement, all lightinc„~plans shall contain inset drawings
of all ro osed li htin fixtures includin any and all
directional controls i.e. shields reflectors. refractors. etc.
that will aim and limit the angle of illumination. l'-he lightinq
' detail shall also show the vertical angle of illumin~~tion for all
ro osed fixtures that will be used to dete~~mine the
re~c-. aired shielding an~le,-
D. A lightinq plan shall delineate the horizontal posit,~on of ail
lighting fixtures proposed for a parcel of property
~:E. Photometric data, such as that furnished try the
manufacturer, showin the an le of li ht emission and
lumen output. An example of a photometric plan is as
fnlln~nrc~~
In this example, the proposed light pole generates the
specific lumen levels on the property, Staff will be
responsible for utilizing this data to verify the compliance of
the fixture within the provisions of the Ordinance.
F. Foot-candle data shall also be re aired for all ro Deed li hts. An
example of the data necessary to comply with this requirement is
as follows;9-r~
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In this example, the proposed light pole generates the
specific foot-candle limits an the property. Staff will be
respansible for utilizing this data to verify the compliance of
the fixture within the pravisians of the Ordinance.
O:G. Additional information as may be required by the Planning
Department in order to determine compliance with Section
6.31.
~:H. Roadway lighting installed on state maintained roads must
meet ASSHTO requirements for light levels and uniformity.
Roadway lighting submittal requirements can be obtained in
the NCDOT publication titled "Policies and Procedures for
Accommodating Utilities on Highway Rights-of-Way". '
6.31.6 General Standards For All Areas:
A. Within areas of the Gounty designated as `urbanizinct' as
delineated an the Growth Management Systems Map ar
within Rural Gammunity Activity Nodes as delineated an
the Orange Gaunty Land Use Element Map the fallowing
lighting standards shall be observed;
1. The maximum light level permitted slang common
property lines shall be 0.5 foot-candles at env
adjoining residential property (ine and/or 1.0 faat-
candle at any adjaininq non-residential property line.
B. Within areas of the Gaunty designated as `rural' as
delineated on the Growth Management Systems Maw or
within Rural Nei hbarhood ar Rural Industrial Nodes as
delineated on the Oran e Gaunt Land Use Element Ma .
the fallowin li htin standards shall be observed;
1. The maximum Ii ht level ermined elan camman
ro ert lines shall be 0.25 font-candles at an
ad'ainin residentiall zoned ro ert line and/ar 0.5
fact-candle at an ad'oinin ra ert Tine with a nan-
' The NCDOT's standard 2'-6" curb and gutter, defined as a 6" vertical face curb on page 47.2 of the "Policies
and Procedures for Accommodating Utilities on Highway Rights of Way" does not act as a barrier curb at
speeds greater than 25 mph. It is considered a mountable curb as defined in AASHTO "A Policy on
Geometric Design on Highways and Streets, 2001". Therefore, the mountable curb and gutter section of the
"Policies and Procedures for Accommodating Utilities on Highway Rights of Way" shall apply.
residential land use.
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:C. All floodlights shall be installed such that the fixture shall be
aimed down at least forty-five (45) degrees from vertical, or
the front of the fixture is shielded such that no portion of the
light bulb extends below the bottom edge of an external
shield.
~Q. Any facilities that require floodlighting may not arrange the
light in such a way that it will shine towards roadways, onto
adjacent residential property or into the night sky.
~;E. Alt flood lamps emitting 1,000 or more lumens shall be
aimed at least sixty (60) degrees, down from the horizontal,
or shielded such that the main beam from the light source is
not visible from adjacent properties or the public street
right-of-way.
~,F. All wall pack fixtures shall be full cutoff fixtures.
~:G. All lights shall be shielded in such a way as to direct light
towards the Earth's surface and away from reflective
surfaces, except as expressly exempted from the provisions
of these regulations.
~.H. Any temporary outdoor lighting that conforms to the
requirements of this Section shall be allowed.
Nonconforming temporary outdoor lighting may be
permitted by the Planning Director after considering: 1) the
public and/or private benefits that will result from the
temporary lighting, 2) any annoyance or safety problems
that may result from the use of the temporary lighting, and
3) the duration of the temporary nonconforming lighting.
~:1. If any subdivision proposes to have installed street or other
common or public area outdoor lighting, the final plat shall
contain a statement certifying that the applicable provisions
of the outdoor lighting standards as contained in Section
2 The NCDOT's standard 2'-6" curb and gutter, defined as a 6" vertical face curb on page 47.2 of the
"Policies and Procedures for Accommodating Utilities on Highway Rights of Way" does not act as a barrier
curb at speeds greater than 25 mph. It is considered a mountable curb as defined in AASHTO "A Policy on
Geometric Design on Highways and Streets, 2001". Therefore, the mountable curb and gutter section of the
"Policies and Procedures for Accommodating Utilities on Highway Rights of Way" shall apply.
6.31 will be adhered to. The required Lighting Plan and
associated documents shall be submitted and approved by
the Planning Department prior to installation of any
regulated lighting.
feJ. If any street will be taken over by NCDOT for maintenance,
roadway lighting must meet AASHTO requirements, and
must be installed and maintained according to the NCDOT
publication titled "Policies and Procedures for
Accommodating Utilities on Highway Rights-of-way". 2
:K. Upward flagpole lighting is permitted for national and state
flags provided that the maximum lumen output is 1300
lumens per flagpole.
:L. Any interior-lighted signs may not be lit at night when the
face of the sign is removed or damaged in such a way that
the light may distract drivers or adjacent property owners.
M, All outdoor lighting with the exception of wail mounted
security lighting, shall be extinguished within thirty {.30}
minutes from the close of business as determined by the
posted hours of operation, for non-residential {and uses
unless otherwise detailed herein.
This shelf not include security/motion sensor {i htinq
designed to turn on when sensors detect movement and
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automaticall turn off after fifteen
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6.31.7 Lighting in Parking Lots and Outdoor Areas:
A. Other than floodlights and flood lamps, all outdoor area and
parking lot lighting fixtures shall be full cutoff fixtures.
B. The mounting height of all outdoor lighting, except outdoor
sports field lighting and outdoor performance area lighting,
shall not exceed thirty-six (36) feet above finished grade.
C. Any light fixture must be placed in such a manner that no
lamp surface is visible from any residential area or
public/private roadway.
6.31.8 Lighting for Vehicular Canopies
Areas under a vehicular canopy shall have a maximum point of horizontal
illuminance of twenty-four (24) maintained foot-candles (fc). Areas
outside the vehicular canopy shall be regulated by Section 6.31.6.
Acceptable methods include one or more of the following:
A. Recessed fixture incorporating a lens cover that is either
recessed or flush with the bottom surface (ceiling) of the
vehicular canopy.
B. Light fixture incorporating shields, or shielded by the edge
of the vehicular canopy itself so that light is restrained to
five degrees or more below the horizontal plane.
C. Surface mounted fixture incorporating a flat glass that
provides asemi-cutoff fixture or shielded light distribution.
D. Indirect lighting where light is beamed upward and then
reflected down from the underside of the vehicular canopy.
Such fixtures shall be shielded such that direct illumination
if, focused exclusively on the underside of the vehicular
canopy.
6.31.9 Outdoor Sports Field/Outdoor Performance Area:
Outdoor sports field/performance area lighting serves a unique and
specific purpose. The goal of such lighting is to provide performers
ode oats li t to en a e in a roved activities at ni ht and rovide
sufficient light levels allowing spectators to witness the activity
The oal of these re ulations is to allow for reasonable develo ment and
use of such li htin fixtures while ahem tin to miti ate otential ancillar
im acts on ad~ Gent ro ert owners.
A, Outdoor S orts Field/Outdoor Performance Area li htin
shall only be allowed for those principal and accessor uses
r~eeding such fixtures fio properly function as intended
during evening hours.
B. Within the urbanizing areas of the County as defined
herein, there shall be a limit on the allowable height of such
fixtures to eighty (80} feet. In rural areas of the County
there shall be a limit on the allowable height of such fixtures
#o sixt~(60) feet.
C. All outdoor s orts field and outdoor erformance area
lighting fixtures shall be full cutoff fixtures and shall be
equipped with a glare control package (louvers, shields, or
similar devices). if the manufacturer does not have a Eg are
control package, the fixture specification must be chancled
to a manufacturer that offers one.
D. All fixtures must be aimed so that their beams are directed
and fal! within the primary pla~ng or performance area.
~.E. Within urbanizing areas of the Gount,~~Tthe hours of
operation for the lighting system for any game or event shall
be no later than 11:00 p.m., except to conclude a scheduled
event that was in progress before 11:00 p.m. and
circumstances prevented concluding before 11:00 p.m.
The maximum li ht level ermitt+`:d alon common ro ert
lines shall be consistent with ~~~he standards contained
within Section 6,31.6 (a} (2 of this Ordinance
F. 1Jt!'ithin rural areas of the County, all outdoor sports
field outdoor performance area li hc1 Ling shall be
extinguished by 10:00 p,m. except to conclude a scheduled
event that was in progress k~efore 10:00 p,m, and
circumstances prevented concludir~q before 10:00 p.m.
Under no circumstances may lighting for an event extend
beyond 11:00 p.m. within the rural s~reas of the County.
The maximum li ht level ermined along common property
lines shall be consistent with thF; standards contained
within Section 6.31.6 b 2 of this Ordinance
6.3.10 Lighting of Outdoor Display Areas:
A. Top mounted fixtures are required fc~r legally existing lighted
signs. Lighting fixtures used to Externally illuminate an
outdoor advertising sign shall be mounted on the top of the
sign structure. All such fixtures shall comply with the
shielding requirements of this Sect ion. Bottom mounted
outdoor advertising shall not be used. Notwithstanding this
provision, the lighting or re-lightinc of a nonconforming
advertising sign will not be permitted if the light results in
the expansion of the nonconforming use, pursuant to Article
11.
B. Outdoor advertising signs of the type constructed of
translucent materials and wholly illuminated from within do
not require shielding. Dark backgrounds with light lettering
or symbols are preferred, to minimize detrimental effects.
Unless conforming to the above dark background
preference, total lamp wattage per sign shall not exceed 41
watts.
6.31..11 Lighting of Buildings and Landscaping
Lighting fixtures shall be selected, located, aimed, and shielded so that
direct illumination is focused exclusively on the building facade, plantings,
and away from adjoining properties, public or private rights-of-way, and
the night sky.
6.31.12 Prohibitions
A. The use of laser source light or any similar high intensity
light for outdoor advertising or entertainment, when
projected above the horizon, is prohibited.
B. The operation of searchlights for advertising purposes is
prohibited.
C. Electrical illumination of outdoor advertising off-site signs is
prohibited.
D. .Use of mercury vapor luminaries is prohibited.
Upon motion of Commi sinner ~~~i'" ~~ seconded by
Commissioner the foregoing Zoning
Ordinance amendments were adopted this the / day of ~-~s` m./~~ir,~- ,
2009 and shall become effective upon adoption.
1C
County Commissioners
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a,Q;v - z r o 5-~ 3 s
5. Public Hearings `~~'
a. Zoning Ordinance Text Amendment Relating to Outdoor Lighting
The Board received the Planning Board recommendation on astaff-initiated Zoning Ordinance Text
Amendment to Section 6.31 Outdoor Lighting Standards of the Zoning Ordinance and considered a
decision on adoption.
Planner Michael Harvey introduced this item and went over the attachments. This item was
presented at the August 24, 2009 Quarterly Public Hearing. Staff is proposing to tighten up the plan
submittal requirements to require more information from non-residential developers. The current ordinance
is not specific enough. Language has been added to address Commissioner Yuhasz's concern relating to
the review of single-family duplex residential development, stipulating that they are not required or
mandated to submit formal lighting plans or light data sheets as contained within the attachment. The staff
has begun the process of trying to differentiate between non-residential developments within urbanizing and
rural portions of the County.
The Planning Board recommended several modifications to the definition sections. It was staff's
determination that if those items were not advertised specifically, they could not incorporate them into this
amendment packet. The Planning Board agreed to allow staff to incorporate those proposed changes into
the revised sections for the UDO. There are also amendments to the ordinance for lighting in rural areas of
the County and firm deadlines for when lights have to be turned off.
The recommendation by the Planning Board is to adopt the ordinance amendment as contained in
Attachment 1.
Commissioner Gordon noted that the Planning Board made many good suggestions. She asked if
these would be addressed later.. Michael Harvey said that these comments would be coming back.
Commissioner Jacobs made reference to 6.31.9 on page 14, the third line, and said that the word
"while" does not need to be there.
Commissioner Jacobs said that he has repeatedly brought up the bank on NC 86 entering
Hillsborough on the east side and it has lights that glare in the face of everyone that drives past all night
and there is no shielding. He would like to ask the bank to shield the lights.
Commissioner Jacobs said that he would like to ask the Board to ask staff to address the lighting
situation in a rural area and how this would be permitted for a recreational function. He would like this
addressed in the UDO process.
Commissioner Yuhasz said that there is a section that deals with what items need to appear on a
final plat and he asked that staff look at all items to be placed on a final plat.
NO PUBLIC COMMENT.
A motion was made by Commissioner Jacobs, seconded by Commissioner Hemminger to close
the public hearing.
VOTE: UNANIMOUS
Commissioner Jacobs said that this is not a part of the ordinance but he would like to make a
motion that, as part of developing the UDO that the County Commissioners direct staff to consider possible
changes to the review process for the installation and use of lighting fixtures connected to a proposed land
use. Commissioner Yuhasz seconded.
VOTE: UNANIMOUS
A motion was made by Commissioner Jacobs, seconded by Commissioner Hemminger to adopt
the ordinance resolution contained in Attachment 1, with changes as recommended.
VOTE: UNANIMOUS
6. Regular Agenda
a. Update and Recommended Actions -Solid Waste Transfer Station Site Selection
The Board received updates on several issues and considered recommended actions for bringing
the search process for a Solid Waste Transfer Station in Orange County to a conclusion.