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Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction .............................. ..............................1
2.0 Scope of Investigation ..................... ............................... 1
3.0 Local Zoning And Permitting Requirements .... ............................... 2
4.0 Site Monitoring Requirements ............... .:............................. 3
5.0 Construction And Demolition Landfill ........ ............................... 4
5.1 Siting Requirements ................. ............................... 4
5.2 Permitting Requirements ............. ............................... 6
5.3 Conceptual CDLF Design Plan ....................................... 6
5.4 Access Considerations ............... ............................... 7
6.0 Transfer Facility .... 6 .................................................... 7
6.1 Siting Requirements ....... ................ ...................... 7
6.2 Permitting Requirements ............................................ 7
6.3 Access Considerations ............... ............................... 8
6.4 Conceptual Transfer Facility Design .... ............................... 8
6.5 Operational Aspects .................. ..............................9
7.0 Materials Recovery Facility ............ ... ............................... 9
7.1 Siting Requirements ................. ............................... 9
7.2 Permitting Requirements ........... ............................... 9
7.3 Access Considerations .............. ............................... 10
7.4 Conceptual Materials Recovery Facility Design ......................... 11
7.5 Operational Aspects ................ ............................... 11
8.0 Task 2 - Use of The Greene Tract as an MSW Landfill ......................... 11
8.1 Siting Requirements ................ ............................... 12
8.2 Permitting Requirements ............ ............................... 12
8.3 Conceptual MSWLF Design Plan ..... ............................... 12
8.4 Access Considerations .............. ............................... 13
8.5 Leachate Management ................ .............................14
9.0 Conclusion ............................... .............................14
Study of Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC.
for the Greene and Neville Tracts February 4, 1998
Orange County, North Carolina i
1.0 INTRODUCTION
In the mid 1980s, the three governments of Chapel Hill, Carrboro, and Orange County purchased
a 168.74 -acre tract of land (known as the Greene tract) for development as a future landfill. The
Greene tract is located southeast of the existing South Eubanks Road Landfill, and is bounded on
the east by the University Branch of the Southern Railroad, and on the south, west and north by
residential development. A 15 -acre parcel (known as the Neville tract) located between the Eubanks
Road landfill property and the Greene tract was purchased later to provide a borrow source for the
existing landfill, and access to the Greene tract from the landfill property. Drawing No. 1 (Existing
Conditions) shows the property boundaries and general topographic features. These two tracts were
incorporated within a larger area designated as Site OC -3. Site OC -3 was evaluated as a potential
site for a regional municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF) during a landfill siting process started
in 1990.
In October 1993, new federal regulations (Subtitle D) were promulgated regarding landfill
development. The Subtitle D regulations contain a prohibition against locating new MSW landfills
within 10,000 feet of airport runways used by turbojet aircraft. Site OC -3 (including the Greene
tract) was eliminated from consideration for landfill development during the MSWLF siting process
because of its proximity to the Horace Williams Airport.
2.0 SCOPE OF INVESTIGATION
The scope of work included in this report includes tasks identified in a December 8, 1997 letter from
Joyce Engineering, Inc. to Mr. Gayle Wilson. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the
following:
Task 1: Determine the feasibility of the Greene and Neville tracts for development of solid
waste management facilities, specifically a construction and demolition debris landfill
(CDLF), a municipal solid waste transfer facility, and/or a materials recovery facility (MRF).
• Task 2: Assuming that the airport restriction would no longer be applicable to the site at
some time in the future, determine the potential for developing a municipal solid waste
landfill (MSWLF) on the Greene and Neville tracts.
This study addresses the technical issues involved with developing the Greene and Neville tracts for
solid waste management purposes. The social and political aspects related to development of the
site in this manner are not within the scope of this report. The following items are included in the
evaluation:
Local and state permitting requirements.
Site monitoring requirements.
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Orange County, North Carolina 1
Siting criteria for each type of facility (CDLF, transfer facility, MU, MSWLF), including
the significance of proximity to the airport.
Conceptual design plans, including buffers, required facility area, possible footprints and site
layouts, and access considerations for each type of facility, and conceptual grading plans and
projected life for the CDLF and MSWLF.
3.0 LOCAL ZONING AND PERMITTING REQUIREMENTS
The Greene and Neville tracts are located in the Town of Chapel Hill's Joint Planning Transition
Area. The Greene Tract is zoned Rural Transition (RT), while the Neville tract is zoned Residential -
1 (R -1).
In the Joint Planning Transition Area, zoning changes are approved jointly by the Chapel Hill Town
Council and the Orange County Board of Commissioners using zoning categories from the Town
of Chapel Hill's Development Ordinance. The Town of Chapel Hill is responsible for reviewing and
approving developments in the Joint Planning Transition Area in accordance with the approved
zoning categories.
The RT district is intended to be applied to land which is used for agricultural, very low-intensity
residential, or open space uses, but which is projected in the Comprehensive Plan for conversion to
more intensive urban uses at such time as community services are available and community need for
such uses are present. Landfills are permitted in -the RT zoning district with a Special Use Permit,
which would need to be granted by the Town of Chapel Hill. According to discussions with the
Chapel Hill Planning Department, all of the solid waste facilities discussed herein (MSWLF, CDLF,
transfer facility and MRF) would fall under the Planning Department's definition of "landfill."
The Special Use Permit application for landfills includes, but is not limited to, an Operations Plan
and a Rehabilitation Plan, including information as required by the Town Manager. The Special Use
Permit approval process consists of the following:
1. Submittal of the application to the Town Manager;
2. Town Manager's Analysis, to determine conformance with the Comprehensive Plan, the
provisions of the Article 18 governing Special Use Permits, and other applicable regulations;
Preliminary Conferences with Applicant, if necessary, to modify the,-application; 0
4. Town Manager's Report to Planning Board, completed within 25 days unless conferences
between the applicant and the Town Manager are ongoing; 0
5. Planning Board Review, completed within 35 days of the meeting with the Town Manager; a
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Orange County, North Carolina 2
6. Public Hearing, held before the Town Council, at the next available public hearing scheduled
for Special Use Permit applications;
7. Town Manager's Report to Council, completed within 30 days of the public hearing; and
8. Council Action to approve, approve with conditions, or deny the application.
The Neville tract has an existing Special Use Permit for extraction of earth materials. The landscape
buffer yards established in the Permit that are applicable to the neighboring residential properties are
100 feet in width. Landfills are not permitted in the R -1 zoning district, which is the current zoning
designation of the Neville tract. Therefore, the property would need to be rezoned to the RT zoning
designation, which does permit landfill development with a Special Use Permit. Following rezoning,
the existing Special Use Permit could be amended to allow for development of any of the solid waste
management facilities discussed herein.
Chapel Hill's Development Ordinance would apply to the site. The Ordinance includes a restriction
on building size and height in the RT zoning district. A proposed transfer facility or MRF on the
Neville tract would be larger than the allowable building size based on the floor -area ratio for the
RT zoning district and the acreage of the Neville tract alone. However, a larger building would be
permissible if the floor -area ratio were increased in a modification to the existing Special Use
Permit, or if the Neville and Greene tracts were combined into one tract by modifying the deed
descriptions.
A maximum building height restriction of 35 feet exists within the RT zoning district. Discussions
with the Chapel Hill Planning Department indicate that the zoning restrictions do not impose a
height limitation on a landfill, but a height restriction could be stipulated in the Special Use Permit.
4.0 SITE MONITORING REQUIREMENTS
A ridge line runs east -west across the site and divides the property almost in half. The topography
ranges from approximately 575 feet (MSL) along a ridge top near the east central portion of the
property, to approximately 550 feet (MSL) in the northwest and southwest corners. Surface drainage
and assumed groundwater flow is primarily to the north in the northern half of the property, and to
the south in the southern half, towards wet weather drainage features that exit the site in the
northwest and southwest comers. There is also a smaller component of flow towards the west along
the ridge line. An inferred potentiometric surface map is included on Drawing No. 1.
Seven soil test borings were performed on the Greene tract in 1982, primarily along the topographic
highs. The depth to bedrock, assumed from the auger refusal depths, ranged between 16.7 and
greater than 51 feet. The bedrock surface appears to be erratic based on the differences observed in
the site borings (see Table 1). Groundwater was encountered in two borings at depths of 20.9 and
32 feet below the ground surface. A site reconnaissance was performed on January 28, 1998
Study of Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC.
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Orange County, North Carolina 3
following a period of very heavy rain (i.e., approximately 9 inches in one month). Water was
observed flowing along the length of the northern drainage feature to within approximately 600 feet
of the eastern property line, and in the minor drainage features feeding both the northern and
southern drainages. Therefore, shallow depths to groundwater were assumed in the low lying
portions of the site to represent the high water condition.
Site monitoring will be required for an unlined CDLF and/or a lined MSWLF. The monitoring
network will require an upgradient or background well(s), and downgradient wells in the direction
of groundwater flow. An upgradient well will be difficult to locate because the disposal area is
located across the topographic high. Howeverx.possible locations exist for a facility background well
which can be used in lieu of an upgradient well. A facility background well(s) can be located in the
northeast or southeast corners on opposite sides of the drainage features, or on the knoll near the
east - central portion of the property. Downgradient wells are easily located around the southern,
western, and northern boundaries of the disposal area.
Groundwater monitoring wells will not be required for a MRF or transfer facility. Wash
water/leachate will. have to be collected from the concrete tipping floor and stored prior to treatment
or disposal. Some analysis of the water may be required by the receiving facility.
5.0 CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION LANDFILL
The proposed construction and demolition debris landfill (CDLF) will provide for the disposal of
solid waste resulting from construction, remodeling, repair or demolition operations on pavement,
buildings, or other structures, and inert, land- clearing debris, excluding yard trash. For the purposes
of this report, the C &D waste stream in Orange County has been assumed based on current figures
and waste quantities projected in the current Solid Waste Management Plan. For the purpose of this
report, the C &D waste stream.was assumed to. decrease from 28,000 tons per year at the start of
operation on July 1, 1999 to 18,000 tons per year in the year 2006. The C &D waste stream in the
years following 2006 was assumed to increase by 1.5 percent per year. The projected annual waste
quantities are provided in Table 2.
5.1 Siting Requirements
The siting requirements for a CDLF are provided in Solid Waste Management Rule .0503. The
siting criteria are listed below, along with applicable information available for the Greene and
Neville tracts.
Flood 1p ains: A site located in a floodplain shall not restrict the flow of the 100 year flood,
reduce the temporary water storage capacity of the floodplain, or result in a washout of
solid waste so as to pose a hazard to human life, wildlife, or land or water resources.
No regulated floodplains are present on the site.
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'11ireatened or endangered species: A site shall not cause or contribute to the taking of any
endangered or threatened species of plants, fish, or wildlife, or result in the destruction or
(Itiverse modification of critical habitat.
According to the Inventory of the Natural Areas and Wildlife Habitat of Orange County,
North Carolina (Sather and Hall, December, 1988) and An Inventory of Sites of Cultural,
Historic, Recreational, Biological, and Geological Significance in the Unincorporated
Portions of Orange County (Orange County Planning Department, May 1988), no significant
areas have been identified within the site. A site - specific walkover has not been performed.
Archaeological or historical sites: A site shall not damage or destroy an archaeological or
historical site.
A response was received from the North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources on July
1-4, 1991 in response to an inquiry regarding archaeologic and historic sites in close
proximity to Site OC -3. According to that letter, no recorded sites are located within the site
boundaries or within close proximity. A site- specific walkover has not been performed.
State -owned recreational lands: A site shall not cause an adverse impact on a state park;
recreation or scenic area, or any other lands included in the state nature and historic
preserve.
The Greene and Neville tracts are not state -owned land, and are not adjacent to state -owned
lands included in the state nature or historic preserve.
Ai=rts: A new site disposing of putrescible wastes shall not be located within 10, 000 feet
(?f an airport runway used by turbojet aircraft or within S, 000 feet of an airport runway used
by piston -type aircraft.
A CDLF does not accept putrescible waste so the airport prohibition does not apply.
Cover soils: A-site shall have available adequate cover soils for cover either on -site or from
(?If-site.
Seven soil test borings were performed on the Greene tract in 1982. Soil depths at the boring
locations ranged from 12 to greater than 51 feet below the ground surface. A full borrow
audy has not been performed for the project, although one has been completed for the
purpose of obtaining soils from the Neville tract for use in construction of the South Eubanks
Landfill. Based on the existing information, it appears that suitable cover materials are
available on site.
Stud J 01' Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC.
for the (;reeve and Neville Tracts February 4, 1998
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5.2 Permitting Requirements
The permitting requirements for a CDLF are provided in Solid Waste Management Rule .0503 and
.0504, except that a CDLF does not require a base liner, a leachate collection system, or a landfill
gas management system. The major permitting requirements are listed below.
Local_ Area S=dv, providing information such as land use and zoning, existing development,
wells, topography and floodplains, within a one - quarter mile radius of the site.
• Regional_ Area Sttldy, providing information such as groundwater users, water intakes,
potential groundwater or surface water polluters, and subdivisions, within two miles of the
site.
• HvdAmeolog ci Study, including a minimum of one boring per ten acres, at least boring to a
depth of 50 feet, soils labororatory testing, static water levels, geologic cross- sections, and
a hydrogeologic evaluation.
Landfill Design Plan, including drawings and discussion related to site construction,
operation, maintenance and closure.
Local Government Approvals. Since the site is located within the extraterritorial jurisdiction
of the Town of Chapel Hill, zoning approval would be required by Chapel Hifl.
5.3 Conceptual CDLF Design Plan
We have prepared a conceptual landfill design plan for a CDLF based on digitized USGS topography
and the available boundary information. -Buffers for this type of facility are 200 feet from the
property lines, and 500 feet from residential dwellings and wells. Because of the existing and
potential for residential development on all sides of the site, we have assumed 500 foot buffers- on
all sides (except against the existing landfill). The 500 foot buffer on the eastern side includes the
100 foot right of way for the railroad. Drawing No. 2 shows the layout of the landfill footprint on
the Greene tract, as well as a suggested location for a transfer facility and a material recovery facility
on the Neville tract. (Note that Drawing No. 3 shows another option for a CDLF to be located
immediately adjacent to a lined MSWLF unit.)
The CDLF footprint shown on Drawing No. 2, titled C &D Landfill Option - Conceptual Closure
Plan, encompasses approximately 67 acres. The maximum height of the landfill was limited to
elevation 610 feet to be consistent with the permitted height of the adjacent South Eubanks Road
landfill; however, the site could support a landfill with a maximum elevation of 710 feet. The total
airspace of the landfill, using the grading plan indicated on Drawing No. 2, is approximately
4,300,000 cubic yards (cy). Using an assumed waste density of 1200 pounds per cubic yard (pcy)
and a waste -to -cover ratio of 9:1, the total C &D waste volume in the landfill would be approximately
Study of Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC.
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Orange County, North Carolina 6
2,100,000 tons. Using the projected waste volumes provided in Table 2, the CDLF would have a
projected life of approximately 71 years, from July 1, 1999 until the year 2069. Given the cell layout
and this projected life, additional property acquisition is not recommended.
5.4 Access Considerations
Two options exist for site access from Eubanks Road. One option is to use the existing entrance for
the South Eubanks Road Landfill, and the scales and scalehouse. The access road would be extended
south through the Neville tract to the Greene tract using the current haul road for the ongoing borrow
activities. Much of the grading for the road has already been performed for operations of the existing
landfill.
The second option would be to construct a new road along the eastern property boundary of the
South Eubanks Road Landfill. The benefit of a new road location would be to avoid having to wind
through the existing landfill property. The existing scales would be relocated as needed. A buffer
of 100 feet would be required under the existing Development Ordinance. However, it is possible
that other site buffers could be considered in a modification to the Special Use Permit. Access from
routes other than Eubanks Road were not considered due to the high density of residential
development in the area.
6.0 TRANSFER FACILITY
A transfer facility is used as a collection and temporary storage location for solid waste prior to its
removal for disposal at a permitted facility. Some types of solid waste, such as sludge, dead animals,
construction and demolition debris, and other oversized or bulky waste are not typically or easily
transferred. Other waste management practices are usually considered to dispose of these types of
special wastes.
6.1 Siting Requirements
The Solid Waste Management Rules do not contain siting requirements for a transfer facility. The
airport restriction does not apply. Local zoning restrictions and the Chapel Hill Development
Ordinance would apply to the site.
6.2 Permitting Requirements
The permitting requirements for a transfer facility are provided in Solid Waste Management Rule
.0400. A subsurface characterization is not required for permitting this type of facility, and site
monitoring is not expected to be necessary. The permitting requirements are listed below.
Site and Operations Plans, including a discussion of acceptable wastes; fire, vector, and litter
control plans; a facility operations plan; and other pertinent information.
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• Zoning approval. Since the site is located within the extraterritorial jurisdiction of Chapel
Hill, zoning approval would be required by the Town of Chapel Hill.
• Wastewater management. Arrangements for storage and hauling of wastewater generated
by washing of the tipping floor must be approved by the receiving treatment works, and the
NC Division of Water Quality. On -site sewage disposal for restroom facilities must be
approved by the local health department.
• State Environmental Policv Act. (SEPA) requires that an environmental assessment be
performed if the facility is to transfer more than 350 tons of waste per day. It appears that
this proposed facility would handle less than that, so it is not anticipated that a site
assessment will be required.
6.3 Access Considerations
Two options exist for site access from Eubanks Road. One option is to use the existing entrance for
the South Eubanks Road Landfill, and the scales and scale house. The access road would be
extended south through the Neville tract to the Greene tract using the current haul road for the
ongoing borrow activities. Much of the grading for the road has already been performed for
operations of the existing landfill, but it is possible that upgrading of the existing road would be
necessary to facilitate travel by tractor trailers used to transport waste from the transfer facility.
The second option would be to construct a new road along the eastern property boundary of the
South Eubanks Road Landfill. The benefit of a new road location would be to avoid having to wind
through the existing landfill property. The existing scales would be relocated as needed. A buffer
of 100 feet would be required under the existing development ordinance. However, it is possible that
other site buffers could be considered in a modification to the Special Use Permit. Access from
routes other than Eubanks Road were not considered due to the high density of residential
development in the area.
The location of this proposed transfer facility appears to be generally favorable with respect to
distances to the primary waste generation centers of Chapel Hill and Carrboro, and proximity to
major thoroughfares.
6.4 Conceptual Transfer Facility Design
One suggested layout of a transfer facility adequate for Orange County's waste stream is shown on
Drawing No. 2. The facility has been shown in conjunction with a material recovery facility that
could be used to process and sort recyclable materials. This layout is proposed as likely being more
cost - effective than two separate facilities, but it would also be possible to design two separate
buildings on the Neville tract.
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Orange County, North Carolina 8
onal Aspects
,perational aspects of transferring waste have been considered:
al solid waste can be transferred fairly easily and economically, but it is likely that
angements will be more cost - effective for disposal of C &D debris, and land - clearing
debris. For this reason, Drawing No. 2, shows the transfer facility in conjunction
aterial recovery facility, and a C &D landfill.
d waste transfer would probably. occur by dumping the waste onto a tipping floor,
ing it with a front -end loader into open -top trailers, which will transport the waste
ite disposal facility.
workers will be in fairly close proximity to waste, an effective worker safety plan.
ant. A contingency plan for the management of hazardous or burning waste should
;e.
)r managing wastewater from the tipping floor must be developed, since all water
.s in contact with solid waste must be managed as leachate. If this wastewater is
tanks and periodically hauled from the site, approval would be required from the
�f Water Quality and the receiving wastewater treatment plant. If it appeared to be
ective option, this wastewater could possibly be managed through utilization of the
eachate pond and transport arrangements employed for the lined landfill.
I
[ALS RECOVERY FACILITY
ivery facility (NIRF) is used to process solid waste and separate recoverable
tials. A MRF can be a mixed waste facility, which separates recyclables that are
1 municipal solid waste, or a recyclables -only facility, which handles only source
uningled recyclables. A MRF that handles source - separated or commingled
isioned for this site. This type of facility does not require permitting from the Solid
quirements
Management Rules do not contain siting requirements for a materials recovery
iort restriction does not apply. Local planning and zoning restrictions and the
lopment Ordinance would apply to the site.
g Requirements
ermitting requirements do not exist for the type of MRF envisioned for this site.
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However, regulations do exist for an intermixed MSW MRF. Those regulations are summarized
below to provide an indication of possible requirements in the event that a permit for a "clean" &IRF
(as envisioned for this site) was required in the future.
The permitting requirements for an intermixed MSW MRF are provided in Solid Waste Management
Rule .0300 governing treatment and processing facilities. The permitting requirements are identical
to those listed for the transfer facility above. Thus, the current permitting requirements are:
Site and Operations Plans, including a discussion of acceptable wastes; fire, vector, and litter
control plans; a facility operations plan; and other pertinent information.
Zoning. approval. Since the site is located within the extraterritorial jurisdiction of Chapel
Hill, zoning approval would be required by the Town of Chapel Hill.
Wastewater management. Arrangements for storage and hauling of wastewater generated
by washing of the facility must be approved by the receiving treatment works, and the NC
Division of Water Quality. On -site sewage disposal for restroom facilities must be approved
by the local health department.
State Environmental Policy Act. (SEPA) requires that an environmental assessment be
performed if the facility is to process more than 350 tons of waste per day. It appears that
this proposed facility would handle less than that, so it is not anticipated that a site
assessment will be required.
Air Quality Pe_ rmittin:. Any air emission control systems designed to reduce airborne
particles in the facility would require permitting by the Air Quality Section.
7.3 Access Considerations
Two options exist for site access from Eubanks Road. One option is to use the existing entrance for
the South Eubanks Road Landfill, and the scales and scale house. The access road would be
extended south through the Neville tract to the Greene tract using the current haul road for the
ongoing borrow activities. Much of the grading for the road has already been performed for
operations of the existing landfill.
The second option would be to construct a new road along the eastern property boundary of the
South Eubanks Road Landfill. The benefit of a new road location would be to avoid having to wind
through the existing landfill property. The existing scales would be relocated as needed. A buffer
of 100 feet would be required under the existing development ordinance. However, it is possible that
other site buffers could be considered in a modification to the Special Use Permit. Access from
routes other than Eubanks Road were not considered due to the high density of residential
development in the area.
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pip,
i
RIM
7.4 Conceptual Materials Recovery Facility Design
We have shown the material recovery facility on Drawing No. 2 in conjunction with the MSW
transfer facility. A suggested layout for a MRF (without a transfer building) is shown on Drawing
No. 3.
7.5 Operational Aspects
The following operational aspects of a MRF have been considered:
Because workers will be in fairly close proximity to waste, an effective worker safety plan
is important;
Equipment may include conveyors, balers, shredders or other processing equipment, and
front -end loaders to move materials;
A wastewater management plan could be needed, since all water that comes in contact with
solid waste must be managed as leachate. If this wastewater is stored in tanks and
periodically hauled from the site, approval would be required from the Division of Water
Quality and the receiving wastewater treatment plant. If it appeared to be a cost - effective
option, this wastewater could possibly be managed through utilization of the existing
leachate pond and transport arrangements employed for the lined landfill.
8.0 TASK 2 - USE OF THE GREENE TRACT AS AN MSW LANDFILL
We have evaluated the Greene and Neville Tracts for use as a lined MSW landfill, assuming that the
airport restriction did not apply. We also assumed the following:
• Existing scales and ancillary facilities in place for the South Eubanks Landfill would remain
or be relocated on the South Eubanks Road landfill property;
• Landfilling of MSW would begin in 2006, with an annual waste generation rate of 50,000
tons per year;
• Waste stream would increase by 1.5% per year (quantities are shown on Table 3);
• The assumed waste density is 1200 pcy; and
• There would be substantial use of alternate daily cover in the operations, resulting in a waste -
to -cover ratio of 7:1.
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We considered the possibility that it may be desirable to provide C &D disposal capacity on the same
property, in order to conserve airspace in the lined disposal unit, and avoid the cost of lining the
C &D disposal area.
8.1 Siting Requirements
The siting requirements for a MSW landfill are provided in the Solid Waste Management Rules,
Section .1600. The siting criteria are substantially the same as those listed in Section 4.0 of this
report.
8.2 Permitting Requirements
The permitting requirements for a MSWLF are provided in the Solid Waste Management Rules,
Section .1600. The permitting process is generally a three -stage process, with the Site Study being
the first portion. The Site Study is intended to address the entire landfill site, while the second and
third stages of permitting must be repeated for each five -year phase of the landfill. Components of
the Site Study are as follows:
• Local Characterization Study
• Regional Characterization Study
• Site Hydrogeologic Report
• Location Restrictions
• Local Government Approvals
• Facility Plan
The second stage of permitting is the Application for Permit to Construct, comprised of the
following components (for a five year phase):
• Engineering Plan
• Design Hydrogeologic Report
• Construction Quality Assurance Plan
• Operation Plan
• Monitoring Plan
• Closure and Post - Closure Plan
The third stage of permitting would involve submitting the necessary documentation to indicate that
the facility had been constructed in accordance with the approved plans and specifications, resulting
in a Permit to Operate the landfill.
8.3 Conceptual MSWLF Design Plan
Conceptual design plans for a MSWLF are based on digitized USGS topography and the available
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information. Drawing No. 3 shows two suggested approaches to using this tract for MSW disposal.
One approach shows a lined disposal unit on the Greene Tract, with a MRF located on the Neville
Tract. This approach is based on the assumption that C &D waste will either be co- disposed with the
MSW, or that other off -site arrangements will be made for C &D disposal. The other approach on
Drawing No. 3 shows a lined MSWLF unit with an unlined C &D disposal unit immediately adjacent.
Assuming regulatory approval, this would allow for "piggybacking" of C &D debris over the slopes
of the MSW unit, which greatly increases the disposal capacity as compared to two individual
landfill units.
The MSWLF footprint shown on Drawing No. 3 encompasses approximately 67 acres. The
maximum height of the landfill was again limited to elevation 610 feet to be consistent with the
permitted height of the adjacent South Eubanks Road landfill; however, the site could support a
landfill with a maximum elevation of 710 feet. The total airspace of the landfill is approximately
4,300,000 cubic yards (cy).
Using an assumed waste density of 1200 pounds per cubic yard (pcy) and a waste -to -cover ratio of
7:1, the total MSW waste volume in the landfill would be approximately 1,800,000 tons. Using the
projected waste volumes provided in Table 3, the MSWLF would have a projected life of
approximately 29 years, from the year 2006 until the year 2034. Given the cell layout and this
projected life, additional property acquisition is not recommended. If a maximum landfill elevation
of 710 feet were allowed, the projected life could be approximately 47 years.
The estimated life of the adjacent MSW and C &D landfills is. approximately 29 years for the C &D
portion (July 1, 1999 - 2027), and 22 years for the MSW portion (2006 - 2027). This allows for the
separate portions to begin operating at different times, and for them to reach capacity in both portions
at approximately the same time. The combined projected waste volumes are provided in Table 4.
8.4 Access Considerations
Two options exist for site access from Eubanks Road. One option is to use the existing entrance for
the South Eubanks Road Landfill, and the scales and scalehouse. The access road would be extended
south through the Neville tract to the Greene tract using the current haul road for the ongoing borrow
activities. Much of the grading for the road has already been performed for operations of the existing
landfill. On -site access roads would be located in areas that would most efficiently serve the active
sub -cell at any given time.
The second option would be to construct a new road along the eastern property boundary of the
South Eubanks Road Landfill. The benefit of a new road location would be to avoid having to wind
through the existing landfill property. The existing scales would be relocated as needed. A buffer
of 100 feet would be required under the existing Development Ordinance. However, it is possible
that other site buffers could be considered in a modification to the Special Use Permit. Access from
routes other than Eubanks Road were not considered due to the high density of residential
Study of Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC.
for the Greene and Neville Tracts February 4, 1998
Orange County, North Carolina 13
development in the area.
8.5 Leachate Management
Because of the topographic high that bisects the site in an approximate east -west orientation, it
would be necessary to drain the leachate generated by the landfill unit to two collection points, one
at the northwest and one at the southwest end of the unit. These collection/storage facilities would
be connected with a force main, and are approximately located on Drawing No. 3. If at the time of
landfill development, the leachate generated by the existing South Eubanks Landfill was still being
disposed through a pump - and -haul arrangement, it may be desirable to install a force main from the
South Eubanks leachate pond to the new system, consisting of the northwest and southwest tanks.
From the southwest tank, the leachate could be drained by a gravity line that would connect with the
existing Orange Water and Sewer Authority (OWASA) system. One advantage to this approach is
that it may be possible for some of the residential users in the area southwest of the Greene tract to
connect to this proposed gravity sewer. Connection of this leachate line to the existing sewer would
be contingent upon receiving approval from OWASA.
9.0 CONCLUSION
Based on this evaluation, development of the solid waste management facilities on the Greene and
Neville tracts discussed herein appears to be feasible from an engineering and regulatory perspective.
Specifically, the facilities considered in this study were a construction and demolition debris landfill
(CDLF) and/or municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF), a municipal solid waste transfer facility,
and/or a materials recovery facility (MRF). The key findings of this report are as follows:
Solid waste management facilities are currently permitted within the zoning designation of
the Greene tract. The Neville tract would need to be rezoned by Orange County prior to
development. A new Special Use Permit is required from the Town of Chapel Hill for
development of the Greene tract, while a modified Special Use Permit would be required for
the Neville tract.
The site hydrogeology appears favorable for installation of a groundwater monitoring system
that would be required for either a CDLF or MSWLF.
Site access would be provided from Eubanks Road, either by using the existing landfill
access road, or by constructing a new one along the eastern property boundary.
A construction and demolition debris landfill could be operated in conjunction with the
existing South Eubanks Road Landfill, and will likely be required beginning in July 1999.
Using a 67 -acre landfill footprint on the Greene tract, an imposed maximum landfill
elevation of 610 feet (MSL), and the C &D waste stream provided by the Chapel Hill
Department of Solid Waste Management, a life of approximately 71 years is projected for
Study of Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC.
for the Greene and Neville Tracts February 4, 1998
Orange County, North Carolina 14
the conceptual CDLF discussed herein.
After the existing South Eubanks Road Landfill reaches capacity, a municipal solid waste
transfer facility can be constructed on the Neville tract, alone or in conjunction with a
materials recovery facility. A MRF can be constructed along with the transfer facility or
while the existing landfill is operating. If a transfer facility is constructed, we have assumed
that a CDLF will also be needed to handle some of the materials that are undesirable for
transfer.
After the existing South Eubanks Road Landfill reaches capacity, a municipal solid waste
landfill could be constructed alone or in conjunction with a CDLF and/or a MRF. Using a
67 -acre landfill footprint on the Greene tract, an imposed maximum landfill elevation of 610
feet (MSL), and the MSW waste stream provided by the Chapel Hill Department of Solid
Waste Management, a life of approximately 29 years is projected for a MSWLF, with C &D
waste excluded from the disposal area. If C &D is co- disposed with MSW, the projected life
decreases to approximately 22 years.
If disposal of C &D and MSW is proposed for the Greene tract, two separate but adjacent
areas could be constructed to take advantage of the different requirements for each waste
stream. We have envisioned a lined MSW landfill adjacent to an unlined C &D landfill.
Disposal of C &D would begin in July 1999, while disposal of MSW would begin in the year
2006. The two portions of the contiguous landfill would reach capacity in approximately
2027, resulting in lives of approximately 29 and 22 years for the CDLF and MSWLF,
respectively.
Study of Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC.
for the Greene and Neville Tracts February 4, 1998
Orange County, North Carolina 15
TABLE 1
SUMMARY OF GREENE TRACT SOIL TEST BORINGS
Boring No.
Approx.
Elevation
Termination
Condition
Termination
Depth
Depth to
Water
Depth to
PWR
B -1
545
AR
18.5
NGE
12
B -2
545
AR
19.6
NGE
13
B -3
575
BT
45
20.9
NE
B -4
555
AR
16.7
NGE
13
B -5
565
AR
25
NGE
16
B -6
560
AR
33.5
NGE
20
B -7
555
BT
51
32
NE
Bottom
Elevation
Soil Types
526.5
Silts and sands
525.4
Clayey sand
530.0
very clayey silt and silty sand
538.3
sandy silty clay, clayey sandy silt
540.0
clay, clayey sandy silt
526.5
silty clay, clayey silty sand
504.0
silty clay, clayey silt
Notes: 1. All borings were performed by Soil and Materials Engineers in November 1982, under contract to
Ballentine- Neville and Associates, P. A.
2. AR = Auger refusal, interpreted to indicate the top of bedrock.
3. BT = Boring terminated in soil before bedrock was reached.
4. NGE = No groundwater encountered at the time of drilling.
5. PWR = Partially weathered rock, interpreted as material with Standard Penetration Resistances of greater than
100 blows per foot.
6. NE = Not encountered
Study of Solid Waste Management Options
for the Greene and Neville Tracts
Oranqe County, North Carolina
JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC.
February 4, 1998
71
r
TABLE 2
SUMMARY OF CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE STREAM
Year of
Annual C$D Waste
C&D ONLY
Date
Operation
Stream (Tons)
Cumulative Tons
1999
1
14,000
14,000 (6 months only)
2000
2
26,572
40,572
2001
3
25,144
65,716
2002
4
23,716
89,432
2003
5
22,288
111,720
2004
6
20,860
132,580
2005
7
19,342
151,922
2006
8
18,000
169,922
2007
9
18,270
188,192
2008
10
18,544
206,736
2009
11
18,822
225,558
2010
12
19,105
244,663
2011
13
19,391
264,054
2012
14
19,682
283,736
2013
15
19,977
303,713
2014
16
20,277
323,990
2015
17
20,581
344,571
2016
18
20,890
365,461
2017
19
21,203
3864664
2018
20
21,521
408,185
2019
21
21,844
430,029
2020
22
22,172
452,200
2021
23
22,504
474,705
2022
24
21,842
497,546
2023
25
23,184
520,731
2024
26
23,532
544,263
2025
27
23,885
568,148
2026
28
24,243
592,391
2027
29
24,607
616,998
2028
30
24,976
641,975
2029
31
25,351
667,325
2030
32
25,731
693,056
2031
33
26,117
719,173
2032
34
26,509
745,682
2033
35
26,906
772,589
2034
36
27,310
799,899
2035
37
27,720
827,618
2036
38
28,135
855,754
2037
39
28,557
884,311
2038
40
28,986
913,297
2039
41
29,421
942,718
Study of Solid Waste Management Options
for the Greene and Neville Tracts
JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC.
Orange County, North Carolina
Page 1 of 2
February 4, 1998
TABLE 2
SUMMARY OF CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE STREAM
Year of Annual CAD Waste C&D ONLY
Date Operation Stream (Tons) Cumulative Tons
2040
42
2041
43
2042
44
2043
45
2044
46
2045
47
2046
48
2047
49
2048
50
2049
51
2050
52
2051
53
2052
54
2053
55
2054
56
2055
57
2056
58
2057
59
2058
60
2059
61
2060
62
2061
63
2062
64
2063
65
2064
66
2065
67
2066
68
2067
69
2068
70
-2069 x''71
x.'110;372
2070
-.72
._
2071
73
2072
74
2073
75
Study of Solid Waste Management Options
for the Greene and Neville Tracts
Orange County, North Carolina
29,862
972,580
30,310
1,002,889
30,765
1,033,654
31,226
1,064,880
31,694
1,096,574
32,170
1,128,744
32,652
1,161,396
33,142
1,194,539
33,639
1,228,178
34,144
1,262,322
34,656
1,296,978
35,176
1,332,153
35,703
1,367,857
36,239
1,404,096
36,783
1,440,879
37,334
1,478,213
37,894
1,516,107
38,463
1,554,570
39,040
1,593,610
39,625
1,633,235
40,220
1,673,455
40,823
1,714,278
41,435
1,755,713
42,057
1,797,770
42,688
1,840,458
43,328
1,883,786
43,978
1,927,764
44,638
1,972,401
45,307-7
2,017,709
7.. a �� g 2;06:,3 695 Total Capacity =
x.'110;372
2,100,000 Tons
47,377
2,157, 749
48,087
2,205,836
48,809
2,254,645
JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC.
Page 2 of 2 February 4, 1998
rmom
7
r
I■
Date
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
TABLE 3
SUMMARY OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE STREAM
Year of
Operation
1
2
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Annual MSW Waste
Stream (Tons)
50,000
50,750
51,511
52,284
53,068
53,864
54,672
55,492
56,325
57,169
58,027
58,897
59,781
60,678
61,588
62,512
63,449
64,401
65,367
66,348
67,343
68,353
69,378
70,419
71,475
72,547
73,635
74,740
MSW ONLY
Cumulative Tons
50,000
100,750
152,261
204,545
257,613
311,478
366,150
421,642
477,967
535,136
593,163
652,061
711,841
772,519
834,107
896,618
960,068
1,024,469
1,089,836
1,156,183
1,223,526
1,291,879
1,361,257
1,431,676
1,503,151
1,575,698
1,649,334
1,724,074
2036
31
78,154
1,955,088
2037
32
79,326
2,034,414
2038
33
80,516
2,114,931,
2039
34
81,724
2,196,655
2040
35
82,950
2,279,604
Total Capacity =
1,800,000 Tons
Study of Solid Waste Management Options
61 for the Greene and Neville Tracts JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC.
Orange County, North Carolina February 4, 1998
a
TABLE 4
SUMMARY OF MSW AND CONSTRUCTION AND
DEMOLITION WASTE STREAM
C&D ONLY
C&D and MSW
2028 30 641,975 23 1,361,257 2,003,232
2029 31 667,325 24 1,431,676 2,099,001
Total Capacity =
1,900,000 Tons
II
Study of Solid Waste Management Options
for the Greene and Neville Tracts JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC.
Orange County, North Carolina February 4, 1998
Year of
Year of
Operation
C&D ONLY
Operation
MSW ONLY
MSW and C&D
Date
C� &D1
Cumulative Tons
(MSW)
Cumulative Tons
Cumulative Tons
1999'
1
14,000
-
0
114,000
2000
2
40,572
-
0
40,572
2001
3
65,716
-
0
65,716
2002
4
89,432
-
0
89,432
2003
5
1 11,720
-
0
111,720
2004
6
132,580
-
0
132,580
2005
7
151,922
-
0
151,922
2006
8
169,922
1
50,000
219,922
2007
9
188,192
2
100,750
288,942
2008
10
206,736
3
152,261
358,997
2009
11
225,558
4
204,545
430,103
2010
12
244,663
5
257,613
502,276
2011
13
264,054
6
311,478
575,531
2012
14
283,736
7
366,150
649,886
2013
15
303,713
8
421,642
725,355
2014
16
323,990
9
477,967
801,957
2015
17
344,571
10
535,136
879,707
2016
18
365,461
11
593,163
958,624
2017
19
386,664
12
652,061
1,038,724
2018
20
408,185
13
711,841
1,120,026
2019
21
430,029
14
772,519
1,202, 548
2020
22
452,200
15
834,107
1,286,307
2021
23
474,705
16
896,618
1,371,323
2022
24
497,546
17
960;068
1,457,614
2023
25
520,731
18
1,024,469
1,545,200
2024
26
544,263
19
1,089,836
1,634,099
InI)c
17
=0 ,ea
In
1 1CA 1R'4
1 77d'111
C&D ONLY
C&D and MSW
2028 30 641,975 23 1,361,257 2,003,232
2029 31 667,325 24 1,431,676 2,099,001
Total Capacity =
1,900,000 Tons
II
Study of Solid Waste Management Options
for the Greene and Neville Tracts JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC.
Orange County, North Carolina February 4, 1998