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HomeMy WebLinkAboutAgenda - 02-10-1998 - Attachment 3heG,w f��� .� it ;:+a,y't "Ss�w Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction .............................. ..............................1 2.0 Scope of Investigation ..................... ............................... 1 3.0 Local Zoning And Permitting Requirements .... ............................... 2 4.0 Site Monitoring Requirements ............... .:............................. 3 5.0 Construction And Demolition Landfill ........ ............................... 4 5.1 Siting Requirements ................. ............................... 4 5.2 Permitting Requirements ............. ............................... 6 5.3 Conceptual CDLF Design Plan ....................................... 6 5.4 Access Considerations ............... ............................... 7 6.0 Transfer Facility .... 6 .................................................... 7 6.1 Siting Requirements ....... ................ ...................... 7 6.2 Permitting Requirements ............................................ 7 6.3 Access Considerations ............... ............................... 8 6.4 Conceptual Transfer Facility Design .... ............................... 8 6.5 Operational Aspects .................. ..............................9 7.0 Materials Recovery Facility ............ ... ............................... 9 7.1 Siting Requirements ................. ............................... 9 7.2 Permitting Requirements ........... ............................... 9 7.3 Access Considerations .............. ............................... 10 7.4 Conceptual Materials Recovery Facility Design ......................... 11 7.5 Operational Aspects ................ ............................... 11 8.0 Task 2 - Use of The Greene Tract as an MSW Landfill ......................... 11 8.1 Siting Requirements ................ ............................... 12 8.2 Permitting Requirements ............ ............................... 12 8.3 Conceptual MSWLF Design Plan ..... ............................... 12 8.4 Access Considerations .............. ............................... 13 8.5 Leachate Management ................ .............................14 9.0 Conclusion ............................... .............................14 Study of Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. for the Greene and Neville Tracts February 4, 1998 Orange County, North Carolina i 1.0 INTRODUCTION In the mid 1980s, the three governments of Chapel Hill, Carrboro, and Orange County purchased a 168.74 -acre tract of land (known as the Greene tract) for development as a future landfill. The Greene tract is located southeast of the existing South Eubanks Road Landfill, and is bounded on the east by the University Branch of the Southern Railroad, and on the south, west and north by residential development. A 15 -acre parcel (known as the Neville tract) located between the Eubanks Road landfill property and the Greene tract was purchased later to provide a borrow source for the existing landfill, and access to the Greene tract from the landfill property. Drawing No. 1 (Existing Conditions) shows the property boundaries and general topographic features. These two tracts were incorporated within a larger area designated as Site OC -3. Site OC -3 was evaluated as a potential site for a regional municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF) during a landfill siting process started in 1990. In October 1993, new federal regulations (Subtitle D) were promulgated regarding landfill development. The Subtitle D regulations contain a prohibition against locating new MSW landfills within 10,000 feet of airport runways used by turbojet aircraft. Site OC -3 (including the Greene tract) was eliminated from consideration for landfill development during the MSWLF siting process because of its proximity to the Horace Williams Airport. 2.0 SCOPE OF INVESTIGATION The scope of work included in this report includes tasks identified in a December 8, 1997 letter from Joyce Engineering, Inc. to Mr. Gayle Wilson. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the following: Task 1: Determine the feasibility of the Greene and Neville tracts for development of solid waste management facilities, specifically a construction and demolition debris landfill (CDLF), a municipal solid waste transfer facility, and/or a materials recovery facility (MRF). • Task 2: Assuming that the airport restriction would no longer be applicable to the site at some time in the future, determine the potential for developing a municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF) on the Greene and Neville tracts. This study addresses the technical issues involved with developing the Greene and Neville tracts for solid waste management purposes. The social and political aspects related to development of the site in this manner are not within the scope of this report. The following items are included in the evaluation: Local and state permitting requirements. Site monitoring requirements. Study of Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. for the Greene and Neville Tracts February 4, 1998 Orange County, North Carolina 1 Siting criteria for each type of facility (CDLF, transfer facility, MU, MSWLF), including the significance of proximity to the airport. Conceptual design plans, including buffers, required facility area, possible footprints and site layouts, and access considerations for each type of facility, and conceptual grading plans and projected life for the CDLF and MSWLF. 3.0 LOCAL ZONING AND PERMITTING REQUIREMENTS The Greene and Neville tracts are located in the Town of Chapel Hill's Joint Planning Transition Area. The Greene Tract is zoned Rural Transition (RT), while the Neville tract is zoned Residential - 1 (R -1). In the Joint Planning Transition Area, zoning changes are approved jointly by the Chapel Hill Town Council and the Orange County Board of Commissioners using zoning categories from the Town of Chapel Hill's Development Ordinance. The Town of Chapel Hill is responsible for reviewing and approving developments in the Joint Planning Transition Area in accordance with the approved zoning categories. The RT district is intended to be applied to land which is used for agricultural, very low-intensity residential, or open space uses, but which is projected in the Comprehensive Plan for conversion to more intensive urban uses at such time as community services are available and community need for such uses are present. Landfills are permitted in -the RT zoning district with a Special Use Permit, which would need to be granted by the Town of Chapel Hill. According to discussions with the Chapel Hill Planning Department, all of the solid waste facilities discussed herein (MSWLF, CDLF, transfer facility and MRF) would fall under the Planning Department's definition of "landfill." The Special Use Permit application for landfills includes, but is not limited to, an Operations Plan and a Rehabilitation Plan, including information as required by the Town Manager. The Special Use Permit approval process consists of the following: 1. Submittal of the application to the Town Manager; 2. Town Manager's Analysis, to determine conformance with the Comprehensive Plan, the provisions of the Article 18 governing Special Use Permits, and other applicable regulations; Preliminary Conferences with Applicant, if necessary, to modify the,-application; 0 4. Town Manager's Report to Planning Board, completed within 25 days unless conferences between the applicant and the Town Manager are ongoing; 0 5. Planning Board Review, completed within 35 days of the meeting with the Town Manager; a Study of Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. for the Greene and Neville Tracts February 4, 1998 Orange County, North Carolina 2 6. Public Hearing, held before the Town Council, at the next available public hearing scheduled for Special Use Permit applications; 7. Town Manager's Report to Council, completed within 30 days of the public hearing; and 8. Council Action to approve, approve with conditions, or deny the application. The Neville tract has an existing Special Use Permit for extraction of earth materials. The landscape buffer yards established in the Permit that are applicable to the neighboring residential properties are 100 feet in width. Landfills are not permitted in the R -1 zoning district, which is the current zoning designation of the Neville tract. Therefore, the property would need to be rezoned to the RT zoning designation, which does permit landfill development with a Special Use Permit. Following rezoning, the existing Special Use Permit could be amended to allow for development of any of the solid waste management facilities discussed herein. Chapel Hill's Development Ordinance would apply to the site. The Ordinance includes a restriction on building size and height in the RT zoning district. A proposed transfer facility or MRF on the Neville tract would be larger than the allowable building size based on the floor -area ratio for the RT zoning district and the acreage of the Neville tract alone. However, a larger building would be permissible if the floor -area ratio were increased in a modification to the existing Special Use Permit, or if the Neville and Greene tracts were combined into one tract by modifying the deed descriptions. A maximum building height restriction of 35 feet exists within the RT zoning district. Discussions with the Chapel Hill Planning Department indicate that the zoning restrictions do not impose a height limitation on a landfill, but a height restriction could be stipulated in the Special Use Permit. 4.0 SITE MONITORING REQUIREMENTS A ridge line runs east -west across the site and divides the property almost in half. The topography ranges from approximately 575 feet (MSL) along a ridge top near the east central portion of the property, to approximately 550 feet (MSL) in the northwest and southwest corners. Surface drainage and assumed groundwater flow is primarily to the north in the northern half of the property, and to the south in the southern half, towards wet weather drainage features that exit the site in the northwest and southwest comers. There is also a smaller component of flow towards the west along the ridge line. An inferred potentiometric surface map is included on Drawing No. 1. Seven soil test borings were performed on the Greene tract in 1982, primarily along the topographic highs. The depth to bedrock, assumed from the auger refusal depths, ranged between 16.7 and greater than 51 feet. The bedrock surface appears to be erratic based on the differences observed in the site borings (see Table 1). Groundwater was encountered in two borings at depths of 20.9 and 32 feet below the ground surface. A site reconnaissance was performed on January 28, 1998 Study of Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. for the Greene and Neville Tracts February 4, 1998 Orange County, North Carolina 3 following a period of very heavy rain (i.e., approximately 9 inches in one month). Water was observed flowing along the length of the northern drainage feature to within approximately 600 feet of the eastern property line, and in the minor drainage features feeding both the northern and southern drainages. Therefore, shallow depths to groundwater were assumed in the low lying portions of the site to represent the high water condition. Site monitoring will be required for an unlined CDLF and/or a lined MSWLF. The monitoring network will require an upgradient or background well(s), and downgradient wells in the direction of groundwater flow. An upgradient well will be difficult to locate because the disposal area is located across the topographic high. Howeverx.possible locations exist for a facility background well which can be used in lieu of an upgradient well. A facility background well(s) can be located in the northeast or southeast corners on opposite sides of the drainage features, or on the knoll near the east - central portion of the property. Downgradient wells are easily located around the southern, western, and northern boundaries of the disposal area. Groundwater monitoring wells will not be required for a MRF or transfer facility. Wash water/leachate will. have to be collected from the concrete tipping floor and stored prior to treatment or disposal. Some analysis of the water may be required by the receiving facility. 5.0 CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION LANDFILL The proposed construction and demolition debris landfill (CDLF) will provide for the disposal of solid waste resulting from construction, remodeling, repair or demolition operations on pavement, buildings, or other structures, and inert, land- clearing debris, excluding yard trash. For the purposes of this report, the C &D waste stream in Orange County has been assumed based on current figures and waste quantities projected in the current Solid Waste Management Plan. For the purpose of this report, the C &D waste stream.was assumed to. decrease from 28,000 tons per year at the start of operation on July 1, 1999 to 18,000 tons per year in the year 2006. The C &D waste stream in the years following 2006 was assumed to increase by 1.5 percent per year. The projected annual waste quantities are provided in Table 2. 5.1 Siting Requirements The siting requirements for a CDLF are provided in Solid Waste Management Rule .0503. The siting criteria are listed below, along with applicable information available for the Greene and Neville tracts. Flood 1p ains: A site located in a floodplain shall not restrict the flow of the 100 year flood, reduce the temporary water storage capacity of the floodplain, or result in a washout of solid waste so as to pose a hazard to human life, wildlife, or land or water resources. No regulated floodplains are present on the site. Study of Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. for the Greene and Neville Tracts February 4, 1998 Orange County, North Carolina 4 '11ireatened or endangered species: A site shall not cause or contribute to the taking of any endangered or threatened species of plants, fish, or wildlife, or result in the destruction or (Itiverse modification of critical habitat. According to the Inventory of the Natural Areas and Wildlife Habitat of Orange County, North Carolina (Sather and Hall, December, 1988) and An Inventory of Sites of Cultural, Historic, Recreational, Biological, and Geological Significance in the Unincorporated Portions of Orange County (Orange County Planning Department, May 1988), no significant areas have been identified within the site. A site - specific walkover has not been performed. Archaeological or historical sites: A site shall not damage or destroy an archaeological or historical site. A response was received from the North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources on July 1-4, 1991 in response to an inquiry regarding archaeologic and historic sites in close proximity to Site OC -3. According to that letter, no recorded sites are located within the site boundaries or within close proximity. A site- specific walkover has not been performed. State -owned recreational lands: A site shall not cause an adverse impact on a state park; recreation or scenic area, or any other lands included in the state nature and historic preserve. The Greene and Neville tracts are not state -owned land, and are not adjacent to state -owned lands included in the state nature or historic preserve. Ai=rts: A new site disposing of putrescible wastes shall not be located within 10, 000 feet (?f an airport runway used by turbojet aircraft or within S, 000 feet of an airport runway used by piston -type aircraft. A CDLF does not accept putrescible waste so the airport prohibition does not apply. Cover soils: A-site shall have available adequate cover soils for cover either on -site or from (?If-site. Seven soil test borings were performed on the Greene tract in 1982. Soil depths at the boring locations ranged from 12 to greater than 51 feet below the ground surface. A full borrow audy has not been performed for the project, although one has been completed for the purpose of obtaining soils from the Neville tract for use in construction of the South Eubanks Landfill. Based on the existing information, it appears that suitable cover materials are available on site. Stud J 01' Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. for the (;reeve and Neville Tracts February 4, 1998 Orangt County, North Carolina 5 5.2 Permitting Requirements The permitting requirements for a CDLF are provided in Solid Waste Management Rule .0503 and .0504, except that a CDLF does not require a base liner, a leachate collection system, or a landfill gas management system. The major permitting requirements are listed below. Local_ Area S=dv, providing information such as land use and zoning, existing development, wells, topography and floodplains, within a one - quarter mile radius of the site. • Regional_ Area Sttldy, providing information such as groundwater users, water intakes, potential groundwater or surface water polluters, and subdivisions, within two miles of the site. • HvdAmeolog ci Study, including a minimum of one boring per ten acres, at least boring to a depth of 50 feet, soils labororatory testing, static water levels, geologic cross- sections, and a hydrogeologic evaluation. Landfill Design Plan, including drawings and discussion related to site construction, operation, maintenance and closure. Local Government Approvals. Since the site is located within the extraterritorial jurisdiction of the Town of Chapel Hill, zoning approval would be required by Chapel Hifl. 5.3 Conceptual CDLF Design Plan We have prepared a conceptual landfill design plan for a CDLF based on digitized USGS topography and the available boundary information. -Buffers for this type of facility are 200 feet from the property lines, and 500 feet from residential dwellings and wells. Because of the existing and potential for residential development on all sides of the site, we have assumed 500 foot buffers- on all sides (except against the existing landfill). The 500 foot buffer on the eastern side includes the 100 foot right of way for the railroad. Drawing No. 2 shows the layout of the landfill footprint on the Greene tract, as well as a suggested location for a transfer facility and a material recovery facility on the Neville tract. (Note that Drawing No. 3 shows another option for a CDLF to be located immediately adjacent to a lined MSWLF unit.) The CDLF footprint shown on Drawing No. 2, titled C &D Landfill Option - Conceptual Closure Plan, encompasses approximately 67 acres. The maximum height of the landfill was limited to elevation 610 feet to be consistent with the permitted height of the adjacent South Eubanks Road landfill; however, the site could support a landfill with a maximum elevation of 710 feet. The total airspace of the landfill, using the grading plan indicated on Drawing No. 2, is approximately 4,300,000 cubic yards (cy). Using an assumed waste density of 1200 pounds per cubic yard (pcy) and a waste -to -cover ratio of 9:1, the total C &D waste volume in the landfill would be approximately Study of Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. for the Greene and Neville Tracts February 4, 1998 Orange County, North Carolina 6 2,100,000 tons. Using the projected waste volumes provided in Table 2, the CDLF would have a projected life of approximately 71 years, from July 1, 1999 until the year 2069. Given the cell layout and this projected life, additional property acquisition is not recommended. 5.4 Access Considerations Two options exist for site access from Eubanks Road. One option is to use the existing entrance for the South Eubanks Road Landfill, and the scales and scalehouse. The access road would be extended south through the Neville tract to the Greene tract using the current haul road for the ongoing borrow activities. Much of the grading for the road has already been performed for operations of the existing landfill. The second option would be to construct a new road along the eastern property boundary of the South Eubanks Road Landfill. The benefit of a new road location would be to avoid having to wind through the existing landfill property. The existing scales would be relocated as needed. A buffer of 100 feet would be required under the existing Development Ordinance. However, it is possible that other site buffers could be considered in a modification to the Special Use Permit. Access from routes other than Eubanks Road were not considered due to the high density of residential development in the area. 6.0 TRANSFER FACILITY A transfer facility is used as a collection and temporary storage location for solid waste prior to its removal for disposal at a permitted facility. Some types of solid waste, such as sludge, dead animals, construction and demolition debris, and other oversized or bulky waste are not typically or easily transferred. Other waste management practices are usually considered to dispose of these types of special wastes. 6.1 Siting Requirements The Solid Waste Management Rules do not contain siting requirements for a transfer facility. The airport restriction does not apply. Local zoning restrictions and the Chapel Hill Development Ordinance would apply to the site. 6.2 Permitting Requirements The permitting requirements for a transfer facility are provided in Solid Waste Management Rule .0400. A subsurface characterization is not required for permitting this type of facility, and site monitoring is not expected to be necessary. The permitting requirements are listed below. Site and Operations Plans, including a discussion of acceptable wastes; fire, vector, and litter control plans; a facility operations plan; and other pertinent information. Study of Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. for the Greene and Neville Tracts February 4, 1998 Orange County, North Carolina 7 • Zoning approval. Since the site is located within the extraterritorial jurisdiction of Chapel Hill, zoning approval would be required by the Town of Chapel Hill. • Wastewater management. Arrangements for storage and hauling of wastewater generated by washing of the tipping floor must be approved by the receiving treatment works, and the NC Division of Water Quality. On -site sewage disposal for restroom facilities must be approved by the local health department. • State Environmental Policv Act. (SEPA) requires that an environmental assessment be performed if the facility is to transfer more than 350 tons of waste per day. It appears that this proposed facility would handle less than that, so it is not anticipated that a site assessment will be required. 6.3 Access Considerations Two options exist for site access from Eubanks Road. One option is to use the existing entrance for the South Eubanks Road Landfill, and the scales and scale house. The access road would be extended south through the Neville tract to the Greene tract using the current haul road for the ongoing borrow activities. Much of the grading for the road has already been performed for operations of the existing landfill, but it is possible that upgrading of the existing road would be necessary to facilitate travel by tractor trailers used to transport waste from the transfer facility. The second option would be to construct a new road along the eastern property boundary of the South Eubanks Road Landfill. The benefit of a new road location would be to avoid having to wind through the existing landfill property. The existing scales would be relocated as needed. A buffer of 100 feet would be required under the existing development ordinance. However, it is possible that other site buffers could be considered in a modification to the Special Use Permit. Access from routes other than Eubanks Road were not considered due to the high density of residential development in the area. The location of this proposed transfer facility appears to be generally favorable with respect to distances to the primary waste generation centers of Chapel Hill and Carrboro, and proximity to major thoroughfares. 6.4 Conceptual Transfer Facility Design One suggested layout of a transfer facility adequate for Orange County's waste stream is shown on Drawing No. 2. The facility has been shown in conjunction with a material recovery facility that could be used to process and sort recyclable materials. This layout is proposed as likely being more cost - effective than two separate facilities, but it would also be possible to design two separate buildings on the Neville tract. Study of Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. for the Greene and Neville Tracts February 4, 1998 Orange County, North Carolina 8 onal Aspects ,perational aspects of transferring waste have been considered: al solid waste can be transferred fairly easily and economically, but it is likely that angements will be more cost - effective for disposal of C &D debris, and land - clearing debris. For this reason, Drawing No. 2, shows the transfer facility in conjunction aterial recovery facility, and a C &D landfill. d waste transfer would probably. occur by dumping the waste onto a tipping floor, ing it with a front -end loader into open -top trailers, which will transport the waste ite disposal facility. workers will be in fairly close proximity to waste, an effective worker safety plan. ant. A contingency plan for the management of hazardous or burning waste should ;e. )r managing wastewater from the tipping floor must be developed, since all water .s in contact with solid waste must be managed as leachate. If this wastewater is tanks and periodically hauled from the site, approval would be required from the �f Water Quality and the receiving wastewater treatment plant. If it appeared to be ective option, this wastewater could possibly be managed through utilization of the eachate pond and transport arrangements employed for the lined landfill. I [ALS RECOVERY FACILITY ivery facility (NIRF) is used to process solid waste and separate recoverable tials. A MRF can be a mixed waste facility, which separates recyclables that are 1 municipal solid waste, or a recyclables -only facility, which handles only source uningled recyclables. A MRF that handles source - separated or commingled isioned for this site. This type of facility does not require permitting from the Solid quirements Management Rules do not contain siting requirements for a materials recovery iort restriction does not apply. Local planning and zoning restrictions and the lopment Ordinance would apply to the site. g Requirements ermitting requirements do not exist for the type of MRF envisioned for this site. to Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. veville Tracts February 4, 1998 rth Carolina 9 However, regulations do exist for an intermixed MSW MRF. Those regulations are summarized below to provide an indication of possible requirements in the event that a permit for a "clean" &IRF (as envisioned for this site) was required in the future. The permitting requirements for an intermixed MSW MRF are provided in Solid Waste Management Rule .0300 governing treatment and processing facilities. The permitting requirements are identical to those listed for the transfer facility above. Thus, the current permitting requirements are: Site and Operations Plans, including a discussion of acceptable wastes; fire, vector, and litter control plans; a facility operations plan; and other pertinent information. Zoning. approval. Since the site is located within the extraterritorial jurisdiction of Chapel Hill, zoning approval would be required by the Town of Chapel Hill. Wastewater management. Arrangements for storage and hauling of wastewater generated by washing of the facility must be approved by the receiving treatment works, and the NC Division of Water Quality. On -site sewage disposal for restroom facilities must be approved by the local health department. State Environmental Policy Act. (SEPA) requires that an environmental assessment be performed if the facility is to process more than 350 tons of waste per day. It appears that this proposed facility would handle less than that, so it is not anticipated that a site assessment will be required. Air Quality Pe_ rmittin:. Any air emission control systems designed to reduce airborne particles in the facility would require permitting by the Air Quality Section. 7.3 Access Considerations Two options exist for site access from Eubanks Road. One option is to use the existing entrance for the South Eubanks Road Landfill, and the scales and scale house. The access road would be extended south through the Neville tract to the Greene tract using the current haul road for the ongoing borrow activities. Much of the grading for the road has already been performed for operations of the existing landfill. The second option would be to construct a new road along the eastern property boundary of the South Eubanks Road Landfill. The benefit of a new road location would be to avoid having to wind through the existing landfill property. The existing scales would be relocated as needed. A buffer of 100 feet would be required under the existing development ordinance. However, it is possible that other site buffers could be considered in a modification to the Special Use Permit. Access from routes other than Eubanks Road were not considered due to the high density of residential development in the area. Study of Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. for the Greene and Neville Tracts February 4, 1993 Orange County, North Carolina 10 pip, i RIM 7.4 Conceptual Materials Recovery Facility Design We have shown the material recovery facility on Drawing No. 2 in conjunction with the MSW transfer facility. A suggested layout for a MRF (without a transfer building) is shown on Drawing No. 3. 7.5 Operational Aspects The following operational aspects of a MRF have been considered: Because workers will be in fairly close proximity to waste, an effective worker safety plan is important; Equipment may include conveyors, balers, shredders or other processing equipment, and front -end loaders to move materials; A wastewater management plan could be needed, since all water that comes in contact with solid waste must be managed as leachate. If this wastewater is stored in tanks and periodically hauled from the site, approval would be required from the Division of Water Quality and the receiving wastewater treatment plant. If it appeared to be a cost - effective option, this wastewater could possibly be managed through utilization of the existing leachate pond and transport arrangements employed for the lined landfill. 8.0 TASK 2 - USE OF THE GREENE TRACT AS AN MSW LANDFILL We have evaluated the Greene and Neville Tracts for use as a lined MSW landfill, assuming that the airport restriction did not apply. We also assumed the following: • Existing scales and ancillary facilities in place for the South Eubanks Landfill would remain or be relocated on the South Eubanks Road landfill property; • Landfilling of MSW would begin in 2006, with an annual waste generation rate of 50,000 tons per year; • Waste stream would increase by 1.5% per year (quantities are shown on Table 3); • The assumed waste density is 1200 pcy; and • There would be substantial use of alternate daily cover in the operations, resulting in a waste - to -cover ratio of 7:1. Study of Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. for the Greene and Neville Tracts February 4, 1998 Orange County, North Carolina 11 We considered the possibility that it may be desirable to provide C &D disposal capacity on the same property, in order to conserve airspace in the lined disposal unit, and avoid the cost of lining the C &D disposal area. 8.1 Siting Requirements The siting requirements for a MSW landfill are provided in the Solid Waste Management Rules, Section .1600. The siting criteria are substantially the same as those listed in Section 4.0 of this report. 8.2 Permitting Requirements The permitting requirements for a MSWLF are provided in the Solid Waste Management Rules, Section .1600. The permitting process is generally a three -stage process, with the Site Study being the first portion. The Site Study is intended to address the entire landfill site, while the second and third stages of permitting must be repeated for each five -year phase of the landfill. Components of the Site Study are as follows: • Local Characterization Study • Regional Characterization Study • Site Hydrogeologic Report • Location Restrictions • Local Government Approvals • Facility Plan The second stage of permitting is the Application for Permit to Construct, comprised of the following components (for a five year phase): • Engineering Plan • Design Hydrogeologic Report • Construction Quality Assurance Plan • Operation Plan • Monitoring Plan • Closure and Post - Closure Plan The third stage of permitting would involve submitting the necessary documentation to indicate that the facility had been constructed in accordance with the approved plans and specifications, resulting in a Permit to Operate the landfill. 8.3 Conceptual MSWLF Design Plan Conceptual design plans for a MSWLF are based on digitized USGS topography and the available Study of Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. for the Greene and Neville Tracts February 4, 1998 Orange County, North Carolina 12 information. Drawing No. 3 shows two suggested approaches to using this tract for MSW disposal. One approach shows a lined disposal unit on the Greene Tract, with a MRF located on the Neville Tract. This approach is based on the assumption that C &D waste will either be co- disposed with the MSW, or that other off -site arrangements will be made for C &D disposal. The other approach on Drawing No. 3 shows a lined MSWLF unit with an unlined C &D disposal unit immediately adjacent. Assuming regulatory approval, this would allow for "piggybacking" of C &D debris over the slopes of the MSW unit, which greatly increases the disposal capacity as compared to two individual landfill units. The MSWLF footprint shown on Drawing No. 3 encompasses approximately 67 acres. The maximum height of the landfill was again limited to elevation 610 feet to be consistent with the permitted height of the adjacent South Eubanks Road landfill; however, the site could support a landfill with a maximum elevation of 710 feet. The total airspace of the landfill is approximately 4,300,000 cubic yards (cy). Using an assumed waste density of 1200 pounds per cubic yard (pcy) and a waste -to -cover ratio of 7:1, the total MSW waste volume in the landfill would be approximately 1,800,000 tons. Using the projected waste volumes provided in Table 3, the MSWLF would have a projected life of approximately 29 years, from the year 2006 until the year 2034. Given the cell layout and this projected life, additional property acquisition is not recommended. If a maximum landfill elevation of 710 feet were allowed, the projected life could be approximately 47 years. The estimated life of the adjacent MSW and C &D landfills is. approximately 29 years for the C &D portion (July 1, 1999 - 2027), and 22 years for the MSW portion (2006 - 2027). This allows for the separate portions to begin operating at different times, and for them to reach capacity in both portions at approximately the same time. The combined projected waste volumes are provided in Table 4. 8.4 Access Considerations Two options exist for site access from Eubanks Road. One option is to use the existing entrance for the South Eubanks Road Landfill, and the scales and scalehouse. The access road would be extended south through the Neville tract to the Greene tract using the current haul road for the ongoing borrow activities. Much of the grading for the road has already been performed for operations of the existing landfill. On -site access roads would be located in areas that would most efficiently serve the active sub -cell at any given time. The second option would be to construct a new road along the eastern property boundary of the South Eubanks Road Landfill. The benefit of a new road location would be to avoid having to wind through the existing landfill property. The existing scales would be relocated as needed. A buffer of 100 feet would be required under the existing Development Ordinance. However, it is possible that other site buffers could be considered in a modification to the Special Use Permit. Access from routes other than Eubanks Road were not considered due to the high density of residential Study of Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. for the Greene and Neville Tracts February 4, 1998 Orange County, North Carolina 13 development in the area. 8.5 Leachate Management Because of the topographic high that bisects the site in an approximate east -west orientation, it would be necessary to drain the leachate generated by the landfill unit to two collection points, one at the northwest and one at the southwest end of the unit. These collection/storage facilities would be connected with a force main, and are approximately located on Drawing No. 3. If at the time of landfill development, the leachate generated by the existing South Eubanks Landfill was still being disposed through a pump - and -haul arrangement, it may be desirable to install a force main from the South Eubanks leachate pond to the new system, consisting of the northwest and southwest tanks. From the southwest tank, the leachate could be drained by a gravity line that would connect with the existing Orange Water and Sewer Authority (OWASA) system. One advantage to this approach is that it may be possible for some of the residential users in the area southwest of the Greene tract to connect to this proposed gravity sewer. Connection of this leachate line to the existing sewer would be contingent upon receiving approval from OWASA. 9.0 CONCLUSION Based on this evaluation, development of the solid waste management facilities on the Greene and Neville tracts discussed herein appears to be feasible from an engineering and regulatory perspective. Specifically, the facilities considered in this study were a construction and demolition debris landfill (CDLF) and/or municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF), a municipal solid waste transfer facility, and/or a materials recovery facility (MRF). The key findings of this report are as follows: Solid waste management facilities are currently permitted within the zoning designation of the Greene tract. The Neville tract would need to be rezoned by Orange County prior to development. A new Special Use Permit is required from the Town of Chapel Hill for development of the Greene tract, while a modified Special Use Permit would be required for the Neville tract. The site hydrogeology appears favorable for installation of a groundwater monitoring system that would be required for either a CDLF or MSWLF. Site access would be provided from Eubanks Road, either by using the existing landfill access road, or by constructing a new one along the eastern property boundary. A construction and demolition debris landfill could be operated in conjunction with the existing South Eubanks Road Landfill, and will likely be required beginning in July 1999. Using a 67 -acre landfill footprint on the Greene tract, an imposed maximum landfill elevation of 610 feet (MSL), and the C &D waste stream provided by the Chapel Hill Department of Solid Waste Management, a life of approximately 71 years is projected for Study of Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. for the Greene and Neville Tracts February 4, 1998 Orange County, North Carolina 14 the conceptual CDLF discussed herein. After the existing South Eubanks Road Landfill reaches capacity, a municipal solid waste transfer facility can be constructed on the Neville tract, alone or in conjunction with a materials recovery facility. A MRF can be constructed along with the transfer facility or while the existing landfill is operating. If a transfer facility is constructed, we have assumed that a CDLF will also be needed to handle some of the materials that are undesirable for transfer. After the existing South Eubanks Road Landfill reaches capacity, a municipal solid waste landfill could be constructed alone or in conjunction with a CDLF and/or a MRF. Using a 67 -acre landfill footprint on the Greene tract, an imposed maximum landfill elevation of 610 feet (MSL), and the MSW waste stream provided by the Chapel Hill Department of Solid Waste Management, a life of approximately 29 years is projected for a MSWLF, with C &D waste excluded from the disposal area. If C &D is co- disposed with MSW, the projected life decreases to approximately 22 years. If disposal of C &D and MSW is proposed for the Greene tract, two separate but adjacent areas could be constructed to take advantage of the different requirements for each waste stream. We have envisioned a lined MSW landfill adjacent to an unlined C &D landfill. Disposal of C &D would begin in July 1999, while disposal of MSW would begin in the year 2006. The two portions of the contiguous landfill would reach capacity in approximately 2027, resulting in lives of approximately 29 and 22 years for the CDLF and MSWLF, respectively. Study of Solid Waste Management Options JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. for the Greene and Neville Tracts February 4, 1998 Orange County, North Carolina 15 TABLE 1 SUMMARY OF GREENE TRACT SOIL TEST BORINGS Boring No. Approx. Elevation Termination Condition Termination Depth Depth to Water Depth to PWR B -1 545 AR 18.5 NGE 12 B -2 545 AR 19.6 NGE 13 B -3 575 BT 45 20.9 NE B -4 555 AR 16.7 NGE 13 B -5 565 AR 25 NGE 16 B -6 560 AR 33.5 NGE 20 B -7 555 BT 51 32 NE Bottom Elevation Soil Types 526.5 Silts and sands 525.4 Clayey sand 530.0 very clayey silt and silty sand 538.3 sandy silty clay, clayey sandy silt 540.0 clay, clayey sandy silt 526.5 silty clay, clayey silty sand 504.0 silty clay, clayey silt Notes: 1. All borings were performed by Soil and Materials Engineers in November 1982, under contract to Ballentine- Neville and Associates, P. A. 2. AR = Auger refusal, interpreted to indicate the top of bedrock. 3. BT = Boring terminated in soil before bedrock was reached. 4. NGE = No groundwater encountered at the time of drilling. 5. PWR = Partially weathered rock, interpreted as material with Standard Penetration Resistances of greater than 100 blows per foot. 6. NE = Not encountered Study of Solid Waste Management Options for the Greene and Neville Tracts Oranqe County, North Carolina JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. February 4, 1998 71 r TABLE 2 SUMMARY OF CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE STREAM Year of Annual C$D Waste C&D ONLY Date Operation Stream (Tons) Cumulative Tons 1999 1 14,000 14,000 (6 months only) 2000 2 26,572 40,572 2001 3 25,144 65,716 2002 4 23,716 89,432 2003 5 22,288 111,720 2004 6 20,860 132,580 2005 7 19,342 151,922 2006 8 18,000 169,922 2007 9 18,270 188,192 2008 10 18,544 206,736 2009 11 18,822 225,558 2010 12 19,105 244,663 2011 13 19,391 264,054 2012 14 19,682 283,736 2013 15 19,977 303,713 2014 16 20,277 323,990 2015 17 20,581 344,571 2016 18 20,890 365,461 2017 19 21,203 3864664 2018 20 21,521 408,185 2019 21 21,844 430,029 2020 22 22,172 452,200 2021 23 22,504 474,705 2022 24 21,842 497,546 2023 25 23,184 520,731 2024 26 23,532 544,263 2025 27 23,885 568,148 2026 28 24,243 592,391 2027 29 24,607 616,998 2028 30 24,976 641,975 2029 31 25,351 667,325 2030 32 25,731 693,056 2031 33 26,117 719,173 2032 34 26,509 745,682 2033 35 26,906 772,589 2034 36 27,310 799,899 2035 37 27,720 827,618 2036 38 28,135 855,754 2037 39 28,557 884,311 2038 40 28,986 913,297 2039 41 29,421 942,718 Study of Solid Waste Management Options for the Greene and Neville Tracts JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. Orange County, North Carolina Page 1 of 2 February 4, 1998 TABLE 2 SUMMARY OF CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE STREAM Year of Annual CAD Waste C&D ONLY Date Operation Stream (Tons) Cumulative Tons 2040 42 2041 43 2042 44 2043 45 2044 46 2045 47 2046 48 2047 49 2048 50 2049 51 2050 52 2051 53 2052 54 2053 55 2054 56 2055 57 2056 58 2057 59 2058 60 2059 61 2060 62 2061 63 2062 64 2063 65 2064 66 2065 67 2066 68 2067 69 2068 70 -2069 x''71 x.'110;372 2070 -.72 ._ 2071 73 2072 74 2073 75 Study of Solid Waste Management Options for the Greene and Neville Tracts Orange County, North Carolina 29,862 972,580 30,310 1,002,889 30,765 1,033,654 31,226 1,064,880 31,694 1,096,574 32,170 1,128,744 32,652 1,161,396 33,142 1,194,539 33,639 1,228,178 34,144 1,262,322 34,656 1,296,978 35,176 1,332,153 35,703 1,367,857 36,239 1,404,096 36,783 1,440,879 37,334 1,478,213 37,894 1,516,107 38,463 1,554,570 39,040 1,593,610 39,625 1,633,235 40,220 1,673,455 40,823 1,714,278 41,435 1,755,713 42,057 1,797,770 42,688 1,840,458 43,328 1,883,786 43,978 1,927,764 44,638 1,972,401 45,307-7 2,017,709 7.. a �� g 2;06:,3 695 Total Capacity = x.'110;372 2,100,000 Tons 47,377 2,157, 749 48,087 2,205,836 48,809 2,254,645 JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. Page 2 of 2 February 4, 1998 rmom 7 r I■ Date 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 TABLE 3 SUMMARY OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE STREAM Year of Operation 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Annual MSW Waste Stream (Tons) 50,000 50,750 51,511 52,284 53,068 53,864 54,672 55,492 56,325 57,169 58,027 58,897 59,781 60,678 61,588 62,512 63,449 64,401 65,367 66,348 67,343 68,353 69,378 70,419 71,475 72,547 73,635 74,740 MSW ONLY Cumulative Tons 50,000 100,750 152,261 204,545 257,613 311,478 366,150 421,642 477,967 535,136 593,163 652,061 711,841 772,519 834,107 896,618 960,068 1,024,469 1,089,836 1,156,183 1,223,526 1,291,879 1,361,257 1,431,676 1,503,151 1,575,698 1,649,334 1,724,074 2036 31 78,154 1,955,088 2037 32 79,326 2,034,414 2038 33 80,516 2,114,931, 2039 34 81,724 2,196,655 2040 35 82,950 2,279,604 Total Capacity = 1,800,000 Tons Study of Solid Waste Management Options 61 for the Greene and Neville Tracts JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. Orange County, North Carolina February 4, 1998 a TABLE 4 SUMMARY OF MSW AND CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE STREAM C&D ONLY C&D and MSW 2028 30 641,975 23 1,361,257 2,003,232 2029 31 667,325 24 1,431,676 2,099,001 Total Capacity = 1,900,000 Tons II Study of Solid Waste Management Options for the Greene and Neville Tracts JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. Orange County, North Carolina February 4, 1998 Year of Year of Operation C&D ONLY Operation MSW ONLY MSW and C&D Date C� &D1 Cumulative Tons (MSW) Cumulative Tons Cumulative Tons 1999' 1 14,000 - 0 114,000 2000 2 40,572 - 0 40,572 2001 3 65,716 - 0 65,716 2002 4 89,432 - 0 89,432 2003 5 1 11,720 - 0 111,720 2004 6 132,580 - 0 132,580 2005 7 151,922 - 0 151,922 2006 8 169,922 1 50,000 219,922 2007 9 188,192 2 100,750 288,942 2008 10 206,736 3 152,261 358,997 2009 11 225,558 4 204,545 430,103 2010 12 244,663 5 257,613 502,276 2011 13 264,054 6 311,478 575,531 2012 14 283,736 7 366,150 649,886 2013 15 303,713 8 421,642 725,355 2014 16 323,990 9 477,967 801,957 2015 17 344,571 10 535,136 879,707 2016 18 365,461 11 593,163 958,624 2017 19 386,664 12 652,061 1,038,724 2018 20 408,185 13 711,841 1,120,026 2019 21 430,029 14 772,519 1,202, 548 2020 22 452,200 15 834,107 1,286,307 2021 23 474,705 16 896,618 1,371,323 2022 24 497,546 17 960;068 1,457,614 2023 25 520,731 18 1,024,469 1,545,200 2024 26 544,263 19 1,089,836 1,634,099 InI)c 17 =0 ,ea In 1 1CA 1R'4 1 77d'111 C&D ONLY C&D and MSW 2028 30 641,975 23 1,361,257 2,003,232 2029 31 667,325 24 1,431,676 2,099,001 Total Capacity = 1,900,000 Tons II Study of Solid Waste Management Options for the Greene and Neville Tracts JOYCE ENGINEERING, INC. Orange County, North Carolina February 4, 1998