HomeMy WebLinkAboutAgenda - 02-10-1998 - Attachment 3g~e%-~~,~}-- 3C
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Dr. Rosemary L. Summers, Dr.P.H., MPH, Interim Director
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DIVISION
P.O. Banc 8181 -306-C Revere Road
Hillsborough, NC 27278
FAX #I 9158443006
Iillsborough
919-732-8181 x2360
~~
919-%8.4301 x2360
REPORT
DATE: February 3, 1998
TO: Margaret Brown, Chair, Orange County BOCC
FROM: Ron Holdway ~~
COPIES: John Link
Rosemary Summers
Paul Thames
RE: Well Water Treatment Systems
~Y ~~
Jim BroMm, RS
Perry Bums, RS
Ater Clapp, RS, LSS
Greg Grimes, RS
David Hedrt, RS
Ron Hedrick, RS
Ron Holdwsy, RS
Jan Jackson, RS
Tan Konsler, RS
Barbara Patterson
Wendy Thigpen, RS
Mebane I)urbam
910.22?-2031 x2360 919.688-7333 x2360
As a follow-up to the report on wells and groundwater contamination in the landfill area, you asked for
information on well water treatment systems and their associated costs. Please note that all cost
estimates are based on conversations with commercial installers and are based on "typical" jobs
estimates. Most contaminants, whether they are posing a health risk or just causing aesthetic or
nuisance problems, can be treated to the point where the water is acceptable and safe for human
consumption. Generally, these systems are installed by private sector professionals, but can also be
purchased for self installation. Long term maintenance is also a continuous consideration in these
systems, both in time and costs.
Groundwater contamination can come in~many forms such as microbial, inorganic chemical, organic
chemical, and, sometimes, even radiological. When a private well water supply is sampled and an
assessment showing contamination is given to the owner, the first consideration given by staff in the
situation is whether the well itself can be repaired effectively. If the repair is not practical or is risky, we
then look at treatment alternatives to counter the symptoms of the contamination based on the type and
levels of the contaminants. Some well water cannot be treated effectively or the cost of treatment is too
prohibitive because multiple treatment systems aze indicated.
Bacteriological contamination is by far the most common problem we see in wells in Orange County,
but, generally, it is the easiest and most economical to treat. Many wells that are contaminated with
bacteria are so because of surface water infiltration around the well or into the aquifer somewhere near
the well. In these situations, a repair using a liner or sleeve alone will often cure the problem. The cost
of a liner alone is typically $1000-1500.
Margaret Brown Report, 2-3-98
page 2
If the liner is not an option or is not effective, then some sort ofpre-distribution, continuous disinfection
unit can be installed. Continuous chlorinators orultra-violet light units are the systems used in most
cases and the costs are $500-$750 for a chlorinator and $100-$1500 for an ultraviolet light. While the
UV light may be more expensive, it can have the advantage of alarming the user when it is not
functioning properly and also does not add any residual chemical to the water as is case for the
chlorinator". These units can also combat the presence of persistent sulfur bacteria or iron bacteria,
which may not cause sickness, but might make drinking the water or its use for normal household
functions intolerable.
The problem causing, inorganic characteristics commonly found in Orange County are low pH, hardness,
'von and suspended solids. In most all cases, these are only nuisance contaminants and do not represent
an immediate, short-term or lon$-term risk if consumed. They can be treated either singularly or, if
necessary, collectively by a myriad of systems. The systems can be as simple as an in-line sediment filter
to a combination of units tailored for a specific situation. Costs vary and, depending on the level and
complexity of treatmen, may run from tens of dollars to thousands.
Organic and radiological contamination are sometimes treatable and the type of treatment and cost is
highly variable depending on the situation. Many times, a point of use, activated charcoal filter is a
simple and inexpensive fix to make the water drinkable. This was the remedy recommended by State
toxicologists for the Kirschner well in the landfill area. In other situations where the contamination is
more severe or complex, though, the water supply must be abandoned and a new source of water
sought. This scenario is usually found when underground storage tanks leak into the groundwater and
gasoline or some of its breakdown products show up in surrounding wells..
I hope this helps in the Board's understanding of treatment systems. In an effort to enhance this
understanding, I am trying to line up at a UV light and possibly a water softener for display at the 2-10-
98 meeting. Please advise if this is unnecessary or unwanted or if you have any further questions or
comments on this matter.