HomeMy WebLinkAboutAgenda - 05-19-1998 - 9aORANGE COUNTY
BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
ACTION AGENDA ITEM ABSTRACT
Meeting Date: May 19, 1998
Action Agenda
Item No. _ Q
SUBJECT: 1998 -2008 Capital Investment Plan (CIP) Adoption
DEPARTMENT: County Manager/Budget PUBLIC HEARING: (Y/NS)
BUDGET AMENDMENT: (Y/N)
ATTACHMENT(S):
1998 -2008 CIP (previously distributed)
Private Placement Project Costs /Timetables
5/8/98 Planning Staff Memo - Historical
Perspective on Work of ADAB
5/12/98 Planning Staff Memo - Cost of
Community Services Studies
5/12/98 Planning Staff Memo - Forsyth County
Farmland Preservation Program
INFORMATION CONTACT:
Rod Visser, ext 2300
Donna Dean, ext 2150
Don Belk, ext 2594
TELEPHONE NUMBERS:
Hillsborough
732 -8181
Chapel Hill
968 -4501
Durham
688 -7331
Mebane
227 -2031
PURPOSE: To consider adoption of the 1998 -2008 Capital Investment Plan.
BACKGROUND: On March 17, 1998, the County Manager presented the recommended 1998-
2008 Capital Investment Plan to the Board of County Commissioners. At its April 7, 1998 meeting,
the Board conducted a public hearing and heard citizen comments regarding the proposed plan. At
its meeting on April 21, 1998, the Board held further discussion about the CIP and identified
additional information needed to facilitate final deliberations about the CIP. At the May 6, 1998
meeting, the Board discussed the possibility of including funding for implementation of the PACE
program to promote farmland preservation.
Apri121, 1998 Meeting Followup
The Board requested detailed information about the elements, timetable, and costs of the three
capital projects recommended to be funded through 1998 private placement financing. Staff have
prepared spreadsheets which reflects this information for the Whitted Human Services Center and
Northern Human Services Center renovation projects, and for the proposed replacement of the
Chapel Hill Senior Center.
The Board also asked for information about the duration that would be required for redirecting the
one cent on the property tax rate that has been earmarked during the past three fiscal years. Staff
estimates that most of the revenue from that annual earmarking would be required in the mix of pay -
as- you -go revenue sources to fund the entire County CIP during the expected 15 year term of the
private placement bank loan. However, in later years, some portion of that revenue could continue
to be earmarked for the schooUpark reserve if the County's tax base continues to grow; if the
'1 R
County arranges a loan payment schedule with decreasing payments each year; if the Board G
redirects funding from certain capital projects in the recommended CIP to the school /park reserve;
or some combination of these three measures.
It is staff s opinion that if the Board approves the CIP with all three private placement projects as
recommended, that the County apply to the Local Government Commission for the approximately
$4.8 million needed to accomplish the outlined project scope as one package. LGC approval would
be needed no later than December, 1998 in order to secure the most favorable interest rates. In early
1999, the County will begin selling bonds approved by voters in the November 1997 referenda. For
the next few years, the County will almost certainly not be "bank qualified" under IRS regulations
as a small issuer (less than $10 million in debt incurred in any calendar year) because we will be
selling $56 million worth of bonds over a multi -year period. We will remain bank qualified for
1998, which would allow us to incur private placement debt at a much lower interest rate (at least 1-
2% lower) than we would obtain if the lender were required to pay federal income tax on the interest
paid to it by the County. Pursuing the $4.8 million as one private placement package will also be
administratively easier and reduce staff time and legal and issuance costs, compared to a multi-
phase approach or the issuance of Certificates of Participation (COPs). Any private placement
funds that the County draws down but does not spend immediately would be placed in interest
earning accounts. The rate that the County earns on its investments at this time is very close to the
interest rate that the County would likely have to pay on any money borrowed.
May 6, 1998 Meeting Followup
The Board discussed a proposal to include $200,000 annually for the PACE program (see attached
staff memos from Don Belk on the recent history of farmland preservation efforts in Orange
County: Cost of Community Services Studies (COCS); and the Forsyth County farmland
preservation program).
The Manager recommends that if the Board decides that it wants to implement PACE, or some
similar program, that funding in the first year of $100,000 be provided through an appropriation of
$50,000 from the County capital project fund balance, and a $50,000 transfer from the General Fund
from unanticipated property tax revenues that will likely be received in 1998 -99 from taxes on
acreage removed from the land use program. In the second year, these appropriations could increase
to $150,000 ($75,000 from both the County Capital Project and General Funds) in the second year,
and to $200,000 by the third year.
1998 -2008 CIP Adoption
Following further discussions and deliberations tonight, the Manager recommends that the Board
adopt the 1998 -08 Capital Investment Plan, withholding decisions on any specific projects that may
need further deliberation during the Board's budget work sessions in June. Approval of most, if not
all, of the CIP at this time will afford staff sufficient time to prepare the numerous capital project
ordinances that will need to take effect on July 1, 1998 in order to carry out the CIP. Ordinances for
each capital project will be presented for formal adoption by the Board no later than the Board's
final regular meeting for the 1997 -98 fiscal year on June 22.
RECOMMENDATION(S): The Manager recommends that the Board of Commissioners
formally adopt the 1998 -2008 CIP, less any specific projects that the Board may identify as needing
further deliberation during June 1998 budget work sessions.
Project Timetable
Project Northern Human Services Center
Today's Date 5113198 8:07
W
Calendar Year
1998
Calendar
Year 1999
Calendar
Year 2000
Calendar
Year-2001
Estimated Cost
Funding Source
In Quarter
(Ian-Mar
2nd
Quarter
A r- une
3rd
Quarter
ul S t
4th
Quarter
Oct -Dec
1st Quarter
(Ian-Mar)
2nd
Quarter
(Apr-June)
3rd
Quarter
(u -Set
4th
Quarter
Oct -Dec
1st Quarter
an - Mar
2nd
Quarter
A r- unus
e
3rd 4th
Quarter Quarter
-Dec
1st Quarter
a
2nd
Quarter
- une
3rd
Quarter
ul S r
4th
Quarter
Oa Dec
1997 Park Bond
(not included in
Land Acquisition (including site
1998 -08
selection; owner negotiations, surveys,
Recommended
soil test etc. )
$110000
C1P
Wastewater Treatment
$ stem
$85,000 Private Placement
Design Process (including
programming; schematic design; design
development; construction document
preparation)
Bidding Process (including
solicitaion of bids; potential time for
rebid; evaluation of bids and
recommendation completed; bud
award /contract approval by BOCC,
contracts written; bonds received;
revs ews completed; Chair signs)
Construction (including site
preparation of clearing and grading;
includes all work within scope of bid;
Corti tcate o Occtt an issued
$280,000 Private Placement
Windows and Doors
Selection of a Lead Design
Consultant (including RFP's
solicited; 'short list' created and
interviews held; recommendation
o rusid; ted and BOCCapproval)
Design Process (including
programming schematic design; design
development; construction document
preparation)
Financing Approval /Bond Sale
(including Public Hearing application
submitted to LGC for review; LGC
approval)
Bidding Process (including
solicitaion of bide potential time for
rebid; evaluation of buds and
recommendation completed; bud
award /contract approval by BOCC,
contracts written; bonds received,
reviews cons leted' Chair signs)
Construction (including site
prepa ration of clearing and grading;
includes all work within scope of bid;
Certi tcate o Occupancy issued
W
Project Timetable
Project Northern Human Services Center
Today's Date 5113198 8:07
4.1.
Calendar Year 1998
Calen ar Year 1999
Calendar Year 2000
Calendar Yrar 2001
Estimated Cost Funding Source
1st Quarter
an - Mar
2nd
Quarto
A n une
3rd
Quarter
ul - t
4th
Quarter
Oct -Dec
1st Quarter
an - Mar
2nd
Quarter
A r- une
3rd
Quarter
ul S t
4th
Quarter
Oct -Dec
1st Quarter
an - Mar
2nd
Quarter
A r- une/
3rd
Quarter
uly- t
4th
Quarter
Oct -Dec
1st Quarter
an - Mar
2nd
Quarto
A r une)
3rd
Quarter
dy -Se s)
4th
Quarter
Oct. D,,
Air Conditioning
$330,000 Private Placement
Selection of a Lead Design
Consultant (including RFP's
solicited,- 'sbort list' created and
interviews held, recommendation
fo rmulated and BOCCapproval)
Design Process (including
programming; schematic design; design
development; construction document
preparation)
Financing Approval /Bond Sale
(including Public Hearing; application
submitted to LGC )or review; LGC
approval)
Bidding Process (including
solicitaion o %bids; potential time for
rebid; evaluation of bide and
recommendation completed; bid
award /contract approval by BOCC,
contracts written; bonds received;
reviews completed; Chair signs)
Construction (including site
preparation of clearing and grading;
includes all work within scope of bid,
Certificate o Occu an issued
$165,000 Private Placement
Ceiling and Lighting
Selection of a Lead Design
Consultant ( including RFP's
solicited; 'sbort list' created and
interviews held,- recommendation
formulated and BOCCapproval)
Design Process (including
programming; schematic design; design
development; construction document
preparation)
Financing Approval /Bond Sale
(including Public Hearing; application
submitted to LGC for review; LGC
approval)
Bidding Process (including
solicitaion of bids; potential time for
rebid; evaluation of bids and
recommendation completed, bid
award /contract approval by BOCC
contracts written; bonds received;
reviews completed; Chair signs)
Construction (including site
preparation of clearing and grading;
includes all work within scope of bid;
.
Certificate of Occupancy issued
4.1.
Project Timetable
Project Northern Human Services Center
Today's Date 5113198 8:07
Calendar Year 1998 _ Calendar Year 1999
2nd 3rd 4th 2nd 3rd 41h
1st Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter 1st Quarter Quarter Quarter
Restrooms
Design Process (including
programming; schematic design, design
development; construction document
Quarter I Quartter l Quarter Ills[
Calendar Year 2001
2nd 3rd 4th
Quarter Quarter Quarter
Financing Approval /Bond Sale
(including Public Hearing; application
submitted to LGC for review; LGC
approval)
Bidding Process (including
solicitaion of bide potential time for
rebid; evaluation of bids and
recommendation completed; bid
award /contract approval by BOCC;
contracts written; bonds received;
reviews completed; Chair signs)
Construction (including site
preparation of clearing and grading;
includes all work within scope of bid,
Certificate o Occu an issued
Parking Lots
f165,000 Private Placement
Selection of a Lead Design ,
Consultant (including RFP's
solicited; 'short list' created and
interviews held, recommendation
formulated and BOCCa roval
Design Process (including
programming schematic design; design
development; construction document
preparation)
Financing Approval /Bond Sale
(including Public Hearing; application
submitted to LGC for review, LGC
approval)
Bidding Process (including
solicitaion of bids; potential time for
rebid; evaluation of bids and
recommendation completed; bid
award /contract approval by BOCC;
contracts written; bonds received,
reviews completed; Chair signs)
Construction (including site
preparation of clearing and grading;
includes all work within scope of bid,
Certificate o Occu an issued
IlEstimated Total Project Cost I f 1 190 500
Un
Project Timetable
Project Whittted Human Services Center
Today's Date 5113198 8:07
C,
Calendar Year 1998
Calendar Year 1999
Calendar Year 2000
Calendar Year 2001
Estimated Cost
Funding Source
1st Quarter
an mar
2nd
Quarter
A r -une
3rd
Quarter
It - t
4th
Quarter
Oct -Dec
1st Quarter
an -Mar
2nd
Quarter
A r -une
3rd
Quarter
ul -Se t
4th
Quarter
Oct -Dec
1st Quarter
an - Mar
2nd
Quarter
A r -une
3rd
Quarter
ul -S t
4th
Quarter
Oct -Dec
1st Quarter
an - Mar
2nd 3rd 4th
Quarter Quarter Quarter
A r_- tine) ul -S t) Oct -Lute.)
112 cent sales tax
RODE
(included in
$330,000 rts)
Selection of a Lead Design
Consultant (including RFP's
solicited; 'short list'created and
interviews held; recommendation
formulated and BOCCapproval)
Design Process (including
programming; schematic design; design
development; construction document
preparation)
Bidding Process (including
solicitaion o %bids; potential time %r
rebid, evaluation o %bids and
recommendation completed,- bid
rp
award /contract approval by BOCC,
contracts written; bonds received;
reviews completed; Chair ji ns
Construction (including site
preparation o/ clearing and grading;
includes all work within scope o %bid;
Certificate o Occu an issued)'
$1,210,000 Private Placement
HVAC System
Selection of a Lead Design
Consultant (including RFP's
solicited; "short list' created and
interviews held; recommendation
ormulated and BOCCa roval
Design Process (including
programming; schematic design; design
development; construction document
preparation)
Financing Approval /Bond Sale
(including Public Hearing; application
submitted to LGC/br review; LGC
approval)
Bidding Process (including
solicitaion o %bids; potential timefor
rebid; evaluation o %bids and
recommendation completed, bid
award /contract approval by BOCC
contracts written; bonds received;
reviews completed; Chair signs)
Construction (including site
preparation ofclearing and grading;
includes all work within scope o %bid;
Certificate o Occu an issued
C,
Project Whittted Human Services Center
Today's Date 5113198 8:07
Office Renovations 11 $329,100 1Private Placement
; schematic design; design
construction document
Financing Approval /Bond Sale
(including Public Hearing; application
submitted to LGC for review; LGC
Bidding Process (including
solicitaion of buds; potential time for
rebid; evaluation o %bids and
recommendation completed; bid
award /contract approval by BOCC,
contracts written; bonds received;
Construction (including site
preparation of clearing and grading;
includes all work within scope of bid;
Old Orange
Private Placement
1 Approval /Bond Sale
Public Hearing, application
to LGC for review; LGC
ng Process (including
Lion ofbids; potential time for
evaluation of bids and
mendation completed; bid
/contract approval by BOCC,
cis written; bonds received,
,s completed: Chair sivns)
Lots 11 $150,000 lPrivate Placement
; schematic design; desil
construction document
Financing Approval /Bond Sale
(including Public Hearing; application
submitted to L GCfor review; LGC
Project Timetable
Calendar Year 1998
Calendar Year 1999
Calendar
Year 2000
Calendar Year 2001
Ist Quarter
an -Mar
2nd
Quarter
A r- une
3rd
Quarter
u -S [
4th
Quarter
Oct -Dec
lit Quarter
an -Mar)
2nd
Quarter
(Apr-June)
3rd
Quarter
ul -S t
4th
Quarter
Oct -Dec
1st Quarter
an - Mar
2nd
Quarter
A r- une
3rd
Quarter
ul -S t
4th
Quarter
Oct -Dec
1st Quarter
(Ian-May)
2nd
Quarter
(Apr-June)
3rd 4th
Quarter Quarter
my -Se t) Oct Dec)
V
Project Timetable
Project Whittted Human Services Center
Today's Date 5113198 8.-07
Calendar Year 1998
Calendar Year 1999
Calendar Year 2000
Calendar Year 2001
2nd
3rd
4th
2nd
3rd
4th
2nd
3rd
4th
2nd
3rd
4th
1st Quarter
Quarter
Quarter
Quarter
1st Quarter
Quarter
Quarter
Quarter
1st Quarter
Quarter
Quarter
Quarter
Is[ Quarter
Quarter
Quarter
Quarter
Estimated Cost Funding Source an - Mar
A r- une
ul -S t
Oct -Dec
(Ian-Mar)
(Apr-June)
tu( -S t
Oct -Dec
an -Mar)
A r- une
tsl -Se r
Oct Dec )
(Ian-Afar)
(Apr-June)
ul -S t
OctUer
Bidding Process (including
solicicrion of bids.-potential tine for
rebid; evaluation of bids, and
recommendation completed, bid
award /contract approval by BOCC,•
contracts written; bonds received, -
reviews completed; Chair signs)
Construction (including site
reparation of Bearing and grading;
includes all work within scope of bid;
Certificate o Occu an issued
Central Recreation and
Gymnasium Renovations
$220,000 Private Pluemen[
Design Process (including
programming; scbem itic design; design
development; construction document
preparation)
Financing Approval /Bond Sale
(including Prtblic Hearing; application
submitted to LGCfor review, LGC
approval)
Bidding Process (including
solicitaion of buds; potential time for
rebid, evaluation of buds and
recommendation completed; bud
award /contract approval by BOCC,•
contracts written; bonds received;
reviews completed, Chair si ns
Construction (including site
preparation ofdearing andgrading;
includes all work within scope of bul;
Ceni f care o Occu an cy issued
Estimated Total Project Cost
L�$2289 100
00
Project Timetable
Project Chapel Hill Senior Center
Today's Date # ### #Mdk ###
kD
Calendar Year 1998
Calendar Year 1999
Calendar Year 2000
Calendar Year 2001
2nd
3rd
4th
2nd
3rd
4th
2nd
3rd
4th
2nd
3rd
4th
1st Quarter
Quarter
Quarter
Quarter
lit Quarter
Quarter
Quarter
Quarter
Ist Quarter
Quarter
Quarter
Quarter
1st Quarter
Quarter
Quarter
Quarter
Fundin Source
an - Mar
(Apr-June)
ul - t
(Oct-Dec).
(Ian-Afar)
(Apr-June)
ul - t
Oct -Dec
an - Mar
A r- une
ul - • [
Oct -Dec
(Ian-Mar)
(Apr-June)
ul -S [
Oct -Dec
Site /Land Acquisition
(including site selection; owner
negotiations; surveys, soil tes4 etc. )
Private Placement
Selection of a Lead Design
Consultant (including RFP',
solicited; 'short list' created and
interviews beld; recommendation
formulated and BOCC approvalL
Design Process (including
programming; scbema[icdesign; design
development construction document
preparation)
Private Placement
Financing Approval /Bond
Sale (including Public Hearing;
application submitted to LGCfor
review;LGCa roval
Approval by Regulatory
—
Agencies (including Other
jurisdiction s
Bidding Process (including
solicitaion of bids; potential time for
rebid; evaluation ofbids and
recommendation completed; bid
award /contract approval by BOCC;
contracts written; bonds received;
reviews completed, -Cbairsigns)
Construction (including site
preparation of clearing and grading;
includes all work witbin scope of bid;
Certificate o Occu a issued
Private Placement
Transition following issuance
of Certificate of Occupancy
(including purchase of furnisbings;
departments move to new facility and
et set up for operations)
Private Placement
Open for Business
Estimated Total Project Cost
11 S1 800000
kD
1
9a
io
NINA
N 0
MEE
MEE
To:
From:
Date:
Subject:
MEMORANDUM
Orange County Planning & Inspections Department
306F Revere Road Hillsborough, NC 27278
Telephone: (919) 732 -8181
E -mail: dbelk @co.orange.nc.us
FAX (919) 644 -3002
John Link, County Manager
Donald R. Belk, Planner II/Preservation
May 12, 1998
Forsyth County (NC) Farmland Preservation Program
Copies: Rod Visser, Assistant County Manager
Gene Bell, Acting Planning Director
At their May 6 meeting, the Board of County Commissioners asked for information about the
farmland preservation program of Forsyth County, NC. The Orange County PACE program
guidelines (contained in the "Green Book") are modeled after this program. The Forsyth
County Farmland Preservation Program is itself modeled upon successful PACE programs in
Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Delaware.
In reference to specific questions by the Board, the following excerpts from the attached
program guidelines are provided:
• the Forsyth County Farmland Preservation Program is funded by the County and
administered by the Soil and Water Conservation District (p. 1, Section I.B.);
• agricultural conservation easements (development rights) purchased by Forsyth County
shall be held in perpetuity (p. 4, Section HI.B.);
• repurchase of development rights may be requested after a period of 30 years. The Board
of Supervisors shall evaluate the request for repurchase, but the final decision rests with the
Board of Commissioners (p. 12 -13, Section VI).
/db
attachment
Forsyth County
Farmland Preservation Program
Guidelines
July 1997
12
-L7 i
/
Forsyth County
Farmland Preservation Program
Guidelines
July 1997
12
13
1.
0
loo
IV.
Forsyth County, North Carolina
Farmland Preservation Program Guidelines
Table of Contents
Introduction page
A.
General
1
B.
Duties and Responsibilities of the Forsyth Soil and Water
1
Conservation District Board of Supervisors
(hereinafter referred to as the Board of Supervisors)
C.
Definition of Development Rights
1
D.
Definition of Agricultural Uses
2
E.
Definition of Open Space
2
Agricultural Priority Areas (APA)
A.
General
3
B.
Criteria for Designation
3
C.
Procedure for Designation and/or Termination
3
D.
Protection from Public Capital Projects
3
Purchase of Development Rights
A.
General
4
B.
Description
4
C.
Minimum Eligibility Criteria
4
D.
Application Procedure
4
E.
Review and Ranking of Applications
4
F.
Acquisition
4-5
G.
Public Disclosure
6
Lease of Development Rights
A.
General
7
B.
Description
7
C.
Minimum Eligibility Criteria
7
D.
Application Procedure
7
E.
Review and Ranking of Applications
7
F.
Acquisition
7 -9
G.
Public Disclosure
9
14
15
' Table of Contents (Continued)
V. Donation of Development Rights
A. General
10
B. Description
10
C. Minimum Eligibility Criteria
10
D. Application Procedure
10
E. Review of Applications
10
F. Acquisition
10 -11
G. Public Disclosure
11
VI. Repurchase of Development Rights
A. General
12
B. Eligibility Criteria
12
C. Repurchase Procedure
12 -13
VII. Property Use Restrictions
14 -15
VIII. Farmland Ranking System
16 -21
16
I. Introduction
A. General
The preservation of Forsyth County's best agricultural land in a manner
that directs and accommodates growth and development is a high priority
to the residents of Forsyth County. To this end the county establishes the
following goals:
(1) To protect and conserve those soils in Forsyth County best suited
to agricultural uses;
(2) To identify and harmonize policies and programs of government at
all levels which may conflict with the goal of preservation of
farmland;
(3) To reduce land use conflicts between agricultural and other land
uses; and
(4) To promote agriculture as an integral part of the Forsyth County
economy.
These program guidelines contain policies and procedures for adminis-
tering a farmland preservation program.
B. Duties and Responsibilities of the Forsvth Soil and Water Conservation
District Board of Supervisors (hereinafter referred to as the Board of
Supervisors
The Board of Supervisors shall act on behalf of the county in
administering the Farmland Preservation Program. The Board of
Supervisors shall select properties for purchase, lease, and/or donation,
develop purchase and lease priorities, execute any and all documents
necessary to purchase, lease, and/or accept donations of development
rights and perform any other such acts necessary for the implementation
of this program. The Board of Supervisors shall administer this program
within the financial resources provided by the Forsyth County Board of
Commissioners.
C. Definition of Development Rights
For purposes of this program, development rights are defined as:
"All right, title, and interest in the use of land for any and all purposes
which are not directly and customarily incidental to agricultural or
open space uses."
D. Definition of Agricultural Uses
-For purposes of this program, agricultural uses are defined as:
"Agricultural uses include, but are not limited to, the production of crops,
trees, horticultural specialties, livestock, and livestock products. Asso-
ciated uses allowable are sales and processing necessary and customarily
incidental to the agricultural activities on -site which are in keeping with
the purpose of the program."
E. Definition of Open Space
For purposes of this program, open space is defined as:
"Open space is land used for recreation, natural resource protection,
amenities, and/or bufferyards. Open space may include, but is not
limited to, lawns, walkways, active recreation areas, playgrounds,
wooded areas, greenways, and water courses.
0
2
17
18
II. Agricultural Priority Areas (APA)
A. General
The designation of Agricultural Priority Areas in Forsyth County is
intended to identify geographic areas containing the most productive
agricultural soils. Agricultural Priority Area designation is the first
step in directing the expenditure of funds for development rights
acquisition.
B. Criteria for Designation
The following are guidelines for the designation of Agricultural Priority
Areas:
1. Areas should contain sufficient contiguous agricultural land to
facilitate its permanent agricultural use.
2. Areas should consist primarily of soils identified in Forsyth
County as prime or locally important.
3. Land in the area should be primarily in agricultural use.
4. The land should be located outside the area designated by the
Forsyth County Comprehensive Plan as the Urban Services Area.
C. Procedure for Designation and/or Termination
Agricultural Priority Areas will be established by the Board of Super-
visors. In determining areas to include, the Board of Supervisors may
confer with any governing body affected by the proposed APA, receive
recommendations from the City -County Planning Board, and/or conduct
a public meeting to receive public comments. The board will establish
APA's by resolution and adopt an official map showing boundaries of all
APA's. Termination of an APA shall be by resolution approved by the
Board of Supervisors.
D. Protection from Public Capital Projects
Forsyth County will promote, to the extent possible, protection of
continued agricultural use of land in APA's from incompatible capital
projects that are not planned at the time of APA establishment and which
would result in extensive, direct and/or indirect conversion of farmland
resources. If possible, no project funded directly or indirectly by the
Forsyth County Board of Commissioners will be conducted on land
included in an APA if it would lead to the direct conversion of farmland.
3
19
III. Purchase of Development Rights
A. General
Forsyth County, through the Board of Supervisors, will purchase
development rights in agricultural lands. High priority will be given to
applicants located within an APA. Applications will be ranked based
upon various site factors, such as the level of development pressure and
agricultural production capability. Development rights will be purchased
in accordance with the ranking of farm properties and the availability of
allocated funds. Compensation for development rights will be based on
the board's determination of the difference between fair market value and
agricultural or open space value appraisals. The purchase price will be
subject to negotiation.
B. Description
The purchase of development rights is legally binding, restricting the
owner and future owners to agricultural and/or open space use of the
land. The development rights will be held in public trust by Forsyth
County in perpetuity.
C. Minimum Eligibility Criteri a
The agricultural land must be at least ten (10) acres in size or contiguous
to a ten (10) acre tract for which the county holds the development rights,
and be in agricultural or open space use.
D. Application Procedure
An application must be submitted to the Forsyth Soil and Water
Conservation District Office.
E. Review and Ranking of Applications
The Board of Supervisors will review and rank each of the applications
using the Farmland Ranking System, which is based on the Land Evalua-
tion and Site Assessment System developed by the USDA, Natural
Resources Conservation Service.
F. Acquisition
1. The Board of Supervisors will obtain two appraisals on tracts
considered for entry into the program. One appraisal will establish
4
20
fair market value of the property at its highest and best use. The
second appraisal will_ establish the value of the property for
agricultural or open space use.
2. Upon receiving the written appraisals, the Board of Supervisors
will present the values to the landowner by certified mail. The
landowner will have thirty (30) days from receipt of the values
to submit an offer to sell his/her development rights. Failure to
respond in writing within the required time may constitute waiver
of the opportunity, in the sole discretion of the Board of Super-
visors. Upon receiving an offer to sell, a representative of the
Board of Supervisors will meet with the landowner and accept,
reject, or negotiate a compromise price with the landowner. If an
agreement is reached, a contract to convey will be signed promptly
by the landowner and the Board of Supervisors on behalf of the
county.
3. At county expense, the Board of Supervisors will cause any
necessary title examinations to be performed and all documen-
tation to be prepared. If the property in question is subject to
mortgage(s) or lien(s), a subordination agreement or waiver must
be secured from the mortgage or lien holder. Closing will not take
place until this requirement is met. The Board of Supervisors will
assist in securing this agreement with the mortgage or lien holder,
at the request of the landowner.
4. Upon preparation of appropriate Iegal documents covering titles,
deeds, surveys, and subordination agreements, the closing will be
scheduled by the Board of Supervisors. Prior to closing, all legal
documents will be reviewed for verification and accuracy. At
closing, the owner will execute appropriate full warranty
documents conveying development rights to the county in
perpetuity. After proper recordation of necessary instruments, the
landowner will be presented with a check. The county will bear all
closing and related costs. The Board of Supervisors will securely
store all pertinent records, including deeds.
5. The Board of Supervisors may extend any stated time limit as
circumstances require. The deviations will be reported to the
Chairman of the Board of Supervisors and the landowner.
5
G. Public Disclosure
zi
During negotiations concerning the purchase of development rights,
information will be kept confidential, as allowed by law.
Following closing of each purchase, information may be made public
as provided by law.
M
22
IV. Lease of Development Rights
A. General
Forsyth County, through the Board of Supervisors, will lease development
rights in agricultural lands. High priority will be given to applicants
located within an APA. Applications will be ranked based upon various
site factors, such as the level of development pressure and agricultural
production capability. Development rights will be leased in accordance
with the ranking of farm properties and the availability of allocated funds.
Compensation for development rights will be based on the board's
determination of cash rent values for comparable land. The lease price
will be subject to negotiation. The leasing of development rights will be a
low priority, used only when insufficient interest in the purchase of
development rights exists.
B. Description
The lease of development rights is legally binding, restricting the owner
and future owners to agricultural and/or open space use of the land.
The development rights will be held in public trust by Forsyth County.
C. Minimum Eligibility Criteria
The agricultural land must be at least ten (10) acres in size or contiguous
to a ten (10) acie tract for which the county holds the development rights,
and be in agricultural or open space use.
D. Apmlication Procedure
An application must be submitted to the Forsyth Soil and Water
Conservation District Office.
E. Review and Rankine of Applications
The Board of Supervisors will review and rank each of the applications
using the Farmland Ranking System, which is based on the Land Evalua-
tion and Site Assessment System developed by the USDA, Natural
Resources Conservation Service.
F. Acquisition
1. The Board of Supervisors will calculate a maximum cash rent
value for each application. A cash rent value factor will be set
7
23
by a committee consisting of the NRCS District Conservationist,
the County Extension Director, the County Forester, the Rural
Development Manager, and five residents of the county selected
by the Board of Supervisors, who derive a majority of their income
from agricultural production. The Board of Supervisors will call
the meeting of this committee and document the findings. The
cash rent value factor will include the lease price per acre for the
first year of the lease and the formula for annual payments for the
term of the lease.
2. Upon calculating the lease value, the Board of Supervisors will
present the value to the landowner by certified mail. The land-
owner will have thirty (30) days from receipt of the value to
submit an offer to lease his/her development rights. Failure to
respond in writing within the required time may constitute waiver
of the opportunity, in the sole discretion of the Board of
Supervisors. Upon receiving an offer to lease, a representative of
the Board of Supervisors will meet with the landowner and accept,
reject, or negotiate a compromise price with the landowner. If an
agreement is reached, a contract to convey will be signed promptly
by the landowner and the Board of supervisors on behalf of the
county.
At county expense, the Board of Supervisors will cause any
necessary title examinations to be performed and all documen-
tation to be prepared. If the property in question is subject to
mortgage(s) or lien(s), a subordination agreement or waiver must
be secured from the mortgage or lien holder. Closing will not take
place until this requirement is met. The Board of Supervisors will
assist in securing this agreement with the mortgage or lien holder,
at the request of the landowner.
4. Upon preparation of appropriate legal documents covering titles,
deeds, surveys, and subordination agreements, the closing will be
scheduled by the Board of Supervisors. Prior to closing, all legal
documents will be reviewed for verification and accuracy. At
closing, the owner will execute appropriate full warranty
documents conveying development rights to the county in
perpetuity. After proper recordation of necessary instruments, the
landowner will be presented with a check. The county will bear all
closing and related costs. The Board of Supervisors will securely
store all pertinent records, including deeds.
8
24
5. The Board of Supervisors may extend any stated time limit as
circumstances require. The deviations will be reported to the
Chairman of the Board of Supervisors and the landowner.
G. Public Disclosure
During negotiations concerning the lease of development rights,
information will be kept confidential, as allowed by law.
Following closing of each lease, information may be made public
as provided by law.
Vj
V. Donation of Development Rights
A. General
25
The Board of Supervisors may accept a voluntary donation or devise
of development rights.
B. Description
The donation of development rights is legally binding, restricting the
owner and future owners to agricultural and/or open space use of the land.
The development rights will be held in public trust by Forsyth County in
perpetuity.
C. Minimum Eligibility Criteria
The agricultural land must be at least ten (10) acres in size or contiguous
to a ten (10) acre tract for which the county holds the development rights,
and be in agricultural or open space use.
D. Application Procedure
An application must be submitted to the Forsyth Soil and Water
Conservation District Office.
E. Review of Applications
The Board of Supervisors will review the applications to determine
whether the minimum eligibility criteria are met or whether to waive
any of the criteria.
F. Acquisition
1. The Board of Supervisors will obtain two appraisals on tracts
considered for entry into the program. One appraisal will establish
fair market value of the property at its highest and best use. The
second appraisal will establish the value of the property for agri-
cultural or open space use.
2. Upon receiving the written appraisals, the Board of Supervisors
will prepare a donation Verification Statement to document the
value of the interest conveyed to the county. This statement will
be based on the difference between the appraised values.
10
26
3. At county expense, the Board of Supervisors will cause any
necessary title examinations to be performed and all documen-
tation to be prepared. If the property in question is subject to
mortgages(s) or lien(s), a subordination agreement or waiver must
be secured from the mortgage or lien holder. Closing will not take
place until this requirement is met. The Board of Supervisors will
assist in securing this agreement with the mortgage or lien holder,
at the request of the landowner.
4. Upon preparation of appropriate legal documents covering titles,
deeds, surveys, and subordination agreements, the closing will be
scheduled by the Board of Supervisors. Prior to closing, all legal
documents will be reviewed for verification and accuracy. At
closing, the owner will execute appropriate full warranty
documents conveying development rights to the county in
perpetuity. After proper recordation of necessary instruments, the
Chairman of the Board of Supervisors will sign and present the
Donation Verification Statement to the landowner. The county
will bear all closing and related costs. The Board of Supervisors
will securely store all pertinent records, including deeds.
G. Public Disclosure
During negotiations concerning the donation of development rights,
information will be kept confidential, as allowed by law.
Following closing of each donation, information may be made public
as provided by law.
11
27
VI. Repurchase of Development Rights
A. General
The designation of Agricultural Priority Areas and the subsequent
purchase of development rights is intended to create areas with sufficient
amounts of contiguous agricultural land to facilitate the permanent agricul-
tural use of the land. While program activity will be directed toward that
goal, success is dependent on the voluntary participation of landowners.
If a landowner or several owners of small tracts are the only participants in
their area, the goal may not be achieved. These landowners could become
land locked by development and agricultural activity may become
impractical.
In such a situation it may be in the best interest of the landowner and the
public to allow repurchase of the development rights for the property in
question. Other circumstances could also affect a property's suitability
for continued agricultural use. Repurchase of development rights by a
landowner is foreseen as an unusual and infrequent occurrence, and would
take place with the concurrence of the Board of Supervisors and the
Forsyth County Board of Commissioners.
B. Eligibility Criteria
In order for a repurchase request to be considered the following criteria
must be met: The original purchase of development rights must have
occurred at least thirty (30) years prior to the request for repurchase and
the development rights must have been purchased by and not donated to
the county.
C. Repurchase Procedure
A landowner requesting a review of his property for possible repurchase
of development rights should do so by certified letter to the Forsyth Soil
and Water Conservation District Office. The letter should state the reason
for the request and the date that the property was entered into the program.
The Board of Supervisors will respond by approving the repurchase _ ,
request in principle (pending successful negotiation of sale price), or by
denying the request.
Upon approval in principle of the repurchase, the landowner must
submit two appraisals of value for the property in question. One
12
28
appraisal will establish the fair market value of the property at its
highest and best use. The second appraisal will establish the value
of the property for agricultural- or open space use. Other appraisals
will be secured as necessary.
The Board of Supervisors will review the appraised values and
decide to either recommend a repurchase price to the Forsyth County
Board of Commissioners or decline to recommend repurchase. If a
repurchase price is approved by the Board of Commissioners, the land-
owner will be notified by the Board of Supervisors. If the price is
acceptable to the landowner, he /she will submit a written offer to
purchase the development rights. This offer will be granted by the
Board of Supervisors and closing proceedings will begin.
The landowner is responsible for promptly securing all legal documents
necessary for closing and will bear all associated closing costs.
When legal documents are prepared and adequate financing is available
a date, time, and location for closing will be agreed upon. Payment for
repurchase shall be made directly to the county at closing by a certified
check or equivalent.
13
VII. Property Use Restrictions
29
In addition to restrictions set out elsewhere in these guidelines, the following
restrictions will apply to property included in the purchase, lease, or donation
of development rights program. A waiver of any restriction may be granted
only upon approval by the Board of Supervisors in writing.
A. Residences permitted on the land from which development rights have
been conveyed are existing dwellings and the replacement of existing
dwellings. Requests for additional dwellings shall be considered on a case
by case basis. At no time shall the maximum number of dwellings on the
entire property as initially entered into the program exceed three (3).
B. All permitted non - agricultural structures shall, when feasible, be located
in the immediate vicinity of existing structures, described as the home-
stead or curtilage, as reasonable expansions of the homestead or curtilage
or on the area(s) of the property of least productive capability. Such
permitted structures shall, when feasible, utilize existing or common
driveways, lanes or right of ways.
C. The extraction of minerals by surface mining and extraction and removal
of topsoil from the property are prohibited. The extraction of subsurface
or deep -mined minerals, including natural gas and oil, and the non-
commercial extraction of minerals including limestone, shale and other
minerals shall be permitted, as long as the removal activity does not
significantly diminish the agricultural potential of the land.
D. Use of the property for dumping, storage, processing or landfill of
non - agricultural solid waste generated off -site is prohibited.
E. Use of the property for dumping, storage, processing, or landfill of
hazardous or nuclear waste is prohibited.
F. Signs, billboard, and outdoor advertising structures may not be
displayed on the property except to state the name of the property, the
name and address of the occupant, to advertise an on -site activity
permitted herein and to advertise the property for sale or rent.
G. Agricultural land will be managed in accordance with sound soil and
water conservation practices in a manner which will not destroy or
substantially or irretrievably diminish the productive capability of the
property.
14
30
H. County officials shall have the right to enforce these restrictions by
injunction and all other appropriate proceedings allowable by law.
Representatives of the county-may enter upon the property for the
purposes of inspection concerning compliance with the Farmland
Preservation Program.
The county will hold the development rights in public trust for farmland
preservation purposes and will not voluntarily assign these rights except
to another organization bound to hold such rights for the same purposes.
J. All tracts of land from which development rights were purchased with
Federal or State funds will be subject to Federal and State regulations
concerning farmland preservation.
15
VIII. Farmland Ranking System
31
The Farmland Ranking System will be used to rank, or prioritize, applications received
from landowners seeking sale or donation of their development rights. The system can
also be used for evaluating conversion impact.
The system consists of two parts:
Site Assessment Criteria: This part of the system consists of 10 factors,
most of which are related to development pressures and development
capability /suitability of a particular farm parcel and its surrounding area.
Each factor is assigned a point value based on its relative importance to
other factors.
2. - Soil Assessment Criteria: All soils in Forsyth County have been rated and
placed into groups ranging from the most productive farmland to the least
productive. A relative value has been determined for each group — the best
group is assigned the highest value and all other groups are assigned lower
values.
To determine the total value of a given parcel, the values for the Soil Assessment and Site
Assessment criteria are added together.
Site Assessment Criteria
The following information describes the criteria to be used in site evaluation in
administering the Farmland Preservation Program. Point values and the criteria for
allocation of ranking points are listed below.
1. Farm Size (weight - 100 Points)
A score of one point per acre is given up to a maximum of 100 points.
2. Percentage of Farm in Agricultural Use (weight - 100 points)
A score of one ranking point per percentage point of land in production
compared to total farm size is given up to maximum of 100 points.
16
3
- 5.
32
Proximity to Public Water and Sewer (weight - 100 points)
Existing service area adjacent 100 points
Existing service area within `/4 mile 80 points
Planned service area within `/4 mile 70 points
Existing service area within `/z mile 60 points
Planned service area within V2 mile 50 points
Existing or planned service area within 1 mile radius 30 points
No existing or planned service area within 1 mile radius 10 points
Probability of Conversion (weight - 100 points)
Property subject to potential forced sale 100 points
Property subject to estate settlement sale 75 points
Property actively marketed for voluntary sale 50 points
Proximity to Planned Development (weight - 50 points)
Non - Agricultural development planned adjacent 50 points
Non - Agricultural development planned within' /4 mile 40 points
Non - Agricultural development planned within % mile 30 points
Non - Agricultural development planned within 1 mile 20 points
Planned agriculture within 1 mile 10 points
Proximity to Agricultural Priority Areas (APA)
(weight - 50 points)
Included in or adjacent to APA 50 points
Within %4 mile 40 points
'/4 to %z mile 30 points
More than %s mile 20 points
7. Capital Investment in Farm Operation (weight - 200 Points)
(Dwellings are not included in this determination other than
employee housing.)
Substantial capital investment within past 5 years 200 points
Substantial capital investment within past 10 year 100 points
Substantial capital investment within past 15 years 50 points
8. Conservation Program (weight - 200 points)
A score of two ranking points per percentage point of land meeting the
"T" formula of conservation is given up to a maximum of 200 points.
17
33
9. Historic, Scenic, Environmental Qualities
(weight - 50 points)
- Exceptional features favorable to preservation (National
Register of Historic Places, exception scenic contribution
on major highway corridor, exceptional or special
environmental circumstances) 50 points
Significant features favorable to preservation (Historic
Site Survey, significant scenic contribution of rural
roads, significant environmental circumstances.) 40 points
Features favorable to preservation (Significant, but
undocumented historic features, moderate localized
scenic contribution and/or limited but recognized
environmental features favorable to preservation) 30 points
10. Specialty Products (weight - 50 points)
A score of one -half a ranking point per percentage
point of land used for production of a locally unique
crop or product up to a maximum of 50 points. 50 points
18
34
Soil Assessment Criteria
The following tables list the soil types found in Forsyth County with the pertinent
characteristics, groupings, relative values and ranking system points. This information is
used to determine the relative soil quality of a given parcel of land by the administration
of the Farmland Preservation Program.
Land Ranking
Map Soil Cap Farmland Agricultural Relative System
Svmbol Series Slope Subclass Class Group Value Points
A1B
Altavista
1 -6
2E
Prime
1
1.0
700
ApB
Appling
2 -6
2E
Prime
1
1.0
700
CcB
Cecil
2 -6
2E
Prime
1
1.0
700
HiB
Hiwassee
2 -6
2E
Prime
1
1.0
700
MaB
Madison
2 -6
2E
Prime
2
.86
602
MeB -
Mecklenburg
2 -6
2E
Prime
2
.86
602
PaB
Pacolet
2 -6
2E
Prime
2
.86
602
WdB
Wedowee
2 -6
2E
Prime
2
.86
602
WkB
Wickham
2 -6
2E
Prime
2
.86
602
VaB
Vance
2 -6
2E
Prime
2
.86
602
ApC
Appling
6 -10
3E
Prime
2
.86
602
WkC
Wickham
6 -10
3E
Prime
2
.86
602
HmB2
Hiwassee
2-6
3E
Prime
2
.86
602
EnB
Enon
2 -6
2E
State & Local
3
.76
532 f
CeB2
Cecil
2 -6
3E
State & Local
3
.76
532
CcC
Cecil
6 -10
3E
State & Local
3
.76
532
HiC
Hiwassee
6 -10
3E
State & Local
3
.76
532
MaC
Madison
6 -10
3E
State & Local
3
.76
532
MeC
Mecklenburg
6 -10
3E
State & Local
3
.76
532
Co
Congaree
0 -2
2W
State & Local
4
.72
504
Ch
Chewacla
0 -2
3W
State & Local
4
.72
504
Wh
Wehadkee
0 -2
4W
State & Local
4
.72
504
PcB2
Pacolet
2 -6
3E
State & Local
5
.64
448
McB2
Madison
2-6
3E
State & Local
5
.64
448
PaC
Pacolet
6 -10
3E
State & Local
5
.64
448
CeC2
Cecil
6 -10
4E
State & Local
5
.64
448
HmC2
Hiwassee
6 -10
4E
State & Local
5
.64
448
McC2
Madison
6 -10
4E
State & Local
5
.64
448
19
35
20
Land
Ranking
Map
Soil
Cap
Farmland
Agricultural
Relative
System
Svmbol
Series
Slope
Subclass
_. Class
Group
Value
Points
IrB
Iredell
2 -6
2E
Other
6
.61
427
WeB
Wedowee -
2 -6
3E
Other
6
.61
427
Louisburg
EnC
Enon
6 -10
3E
Other
6
.61
427
WeC
Wedowee-
6 -10
3E
Other
6
.61
427
Louisburg
WdC
Wedowee
6 -10
3E
Other
6
.61
427
VaC
Vance
6 -10
3E
Other
6
.61
427
CcD
Cecil
10 -15
4E
Other
7
.53
371
HiD
Hiwassee
10 -15
4E
Other
7
.53
371
MaD
Madison
10 -15.
4E
Other
7
.53
371
MeD
Mecklenburg 10 -15
4E
Other
7
.53
371
PaD
Pacolet
10 -15
4E
Other
7
.53
371
WdD
Wedowee
10 -15
4E
Other
7
.53
371
WkD
Wickham
10 -15
4E
Other
7
.53
371
HmD2
Hiwassee
10 -15
4E
Other
7
.53
371
WiC
Wilkes
6 -10
4E
Other
8
.43
301
PcC2
Pacolet
6 -10
4E
Other
8
.43
301
EnD
Enon
10 -15
4E
Other
8
.43
301
VaD
Vance
10 -15
4E
Other
8
.43
301
WeD
Wedowee
10 -15
4E
Other
8
.43
301
Louisburg
PcC3
Pacolet
6 -10
6E
Other
9
.23
161
LoD
Louisburg
6 -15
6E
Other
9
.23
161
TaD
Tallapoosa
6 -15
6E
Other
9
.23
161
WiD
Wilkes
10 -15
6E
Other
9
.23
161
McD2
Madison
10 -15
6E
Other
9
.23
161
PcD2
Pacolet
10 -15
6E
Other
9
.23
161
HiE
Hiwassee
15 -25
6E
Other
9
.23
161
LwE
Louisburg-
15 -25
6E
Other
9
.23
161
Wedowee
MaF
Madison
15-45
6E
Other
9
.23
161
PaF
Pacolet .
15-45
6E
Other
9
.23
1'61
20
Map
Svmbol.
PeE3
LoF
TaF
WiF
PcF
Cu
Gu
PuC
PuE
36
Land
Pacolet - Urban 10 -25 -- Other 11 0 0
Land
21
Land
Ranking
Soil
Cap --
Farmland
Agricultural
Relative
System
Series
Slope
Subclass
Class
Group
Value
Points
Pacolet
10 -25
7E
Other
10
.09
63
Louisburg
15-45
7E
Other
10
.09
63
Tallapoosa
15 -45
7E
Other
10
.09
63
Wilkes
15-45
7E
Other
10
.09
63
Pacolet
15-45
7E
Other
10
.09
63
Cut & Fill Land
--
—
Other
11
0
0
Gullied Land
--
--
Other
11
0
0
Pacolet - Urban
2 -10
--
Other
11
0
0
Land
Pacolet - Urban 10 -25 -- Other 11 0 0
Land
21
37
M E M O R A N D U M
Orange County Planning & Inspections Department
306F Revere Road Hillsborough, NC 27278
Telephone: (919) 732 -8181
E -mail: dbelk @co.orange.nc.us
FAX (919) 644 -3002
To: Rod Visser, Assistant County Manager
From: Donald R. Belk, Planner II/Preservation
Date: May 12, 1998
Subject: Summary on Cost of Community Services (COCS) Studies
Copies: John Link, County Manager
Gene Bell, Acting Planning Director
At the BOCC meeting of May 6, Dolly Hunter, chair of the Agricultural Districts Advisory Board, stated
that a comparison of the costs and benefits of farmland preservation versus the provision of county
services to developed land is essential for public support of a PACE program. A number of studies,
known as cost of community services (COCS) studies, have been completed in several places where
farmland preservation is an important issue. These studies consistently show that farmland preservation
pays for itself in the long run. Since its need for services is low compared to residential development,
preserved farmland has a positive impact on tax revenues, generating more in taxes than it demands in
public services.
Attached is a summary from the Farmland Information Library I that briefly describes the methodology,
function, and purpose of a COCS study. In 1994, an abbreviated analysis of COCS in Orange County
was prepared for the "Green Book ". This cursory examination used the fiscal impact analysis template
developed by the Planning Department to examine the effects of converting a 125 -acre farm to 58
residential lots. This abbreviated analysis showed that for every dollar of tax revenue raised by this
development, Orange County spent an extra $0.34 in direct services (1 : 1.34). For the 125 acre farm, the
ratio was 1 : 0.61; e.g., for every dollar of tax revenue raised by the farm, only $0.61 in expenditures was
required for services - a net gain of $0.39.
While these results should not be construed as equivalent to the detailed COCS studies conducted at
other locations, they may serve to verify other findings that farmland preservation is indeed a fiscally
responsible endeavor.
/db
attachment
1 The Farmland Information Library is a part of the Farmland Information Center: a project of American Farmland Trust Center for
Agriculture in the Environment; funded by USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service in affiliation with the USDA National
Agricultural Library.
Farmland Information Center - Tech ... Cost of Community Services Studies http: / / farm. tic.niu.edwfic -ta tafs-cocs. htm I
AMERICAN FARMLAND TRUST • FARMLAND INFORMATION CENTER 38
COST OF
DESCRIPTION
COMMUNITY
Cost of Community Services - studies are an inexpensive, easy -to- understand
SERVICES
way to determine the net fiscal contribution of different land uses to local
STUDIES
budgets. Municipal records are reorganized to assign the cost of local public
services to farms, forests and open lands, as well as residential, commercial
and industrial lands. The result is a set of ratios that compare the annual
income to the annual expenditures for different land uses.
COCS studies are a snapshot in time of costs versus revenues for each type of
/ARNLANO TNFOANATTON CENTER
land use. They do not predict future costs or revenues or the impact of future
11411VN:
growth. They do provide a baseline of current information to help local
officials and citizens mak a informed land use and policy decisions.
METHODOLOGY
Fact Sheet
COCS studies involve five basic steps:
1. Define the scope of the project and identify land use categories to study
(e.g., residential, commercial, industrial, farm and forest land).
-
2. Collect data on local revenues and expenditures.
3. Group revenues and allocate them to the land use categories identified in
step 1.
4. Group expenditures and allocate them to the land use categories
identified in step 1.
5. Analyze the data and calculate revenue -to- expenditure ratios for each
land use category.
The process is straightforward, although ensuring reliable figures requires the
assistance of local officials and service providers. The most complicated task is
interpreting existing records to reflect COCS land use categories. Allocating
revenues and expenses requires a significant amount of research, including
extensive personal interviews.
HISTORY
Communities often evaluate the impact of growth on local budgets by
conducting or commissioning fiscal impact analyses. Fiscal impact studies
project public costs and revenues from different land development patterns.
They generally show that residential development is a net fiscal loss for
communities and recommend commercial and industrial development as a
strategy to balance local budgets.
Rural towns and counties that are likely to benefit most from the information
provided by fiscal impact analyses rarely have the expertise or resources to
conduct a study, which tend to be expensive. Also, these studies rarely consider
the fiscal contribution of farm, forest and recreational lands, which' are very
important to rural economies.
American Farmland Trust developed COCS studies in the mid -1980s to give
communities a simple, inexpensive method of evaluating the contribution of
farm, forest and ranch lands to the local tax base. COCS studies have been
conducted in at least 40 communities in the Northeast and Midwest.
1 of 5 5/11/98 3:12 PM
'rarmlana tntormation (,enter - lecn ... ( -ost of (,ommunfry -)ervices 3tuaies
nap:;; farm. nc.nfu.eawtic- taatafs- cocs.html
39
FUNCTIONS & PURPOSES
Communities pay a high price for unplanned growth. Scattered development
frequently causes traffic congestion, air and water pollution, loss of open space
and increased demand for costly public services. This is why it is important for
citizens and commun ity leaders to understand the relationships between
residential and commercial growth, land conservation and their municipality's
bottom line.
COCS studies can help local officials and farmland protection advocates
counter three claims that are commonly heard at local meetings in rural or
suburban communities:
1. Residential development will lower property taxes by increasing the tax
base;
2. Farmland gets an unfair tax break when it is assessed at its actual use for
agriculture instead of its potential use for development;
3. Open lands, including productive farms and forests, are interim uses just
waiting to be developed to their "highest and best use."
While it is true that an acre of land with a new house generates more total
revenue than an acre of hay or corn, this tells us little about a community's
fiscal stability. In areas where farming and forestry are major industries, it is
especially importan t to consider the real property tax contribution of privately
owned natural resource lands. Farms, forests and other open lands may
generate less revenue than residential, commercial or industrial properties, but
they require little public infrastructure and few services.
COCS studies conducted in more than 40 communities over the past decade
show that owners of farm, forest and open lands pay more in local tax revenues
than it costs local government to provide services to their properties.
Residential land uses, in contra st, are a net drain on municipal coffers: It costs
local governments more to provide services to homeowners than residential
landowners pay in property taxes.
$1.25
$1.00
S .75
S .50
S .25
I
industrial rau�uru�cs� """d
Graph: Median
cost per dollar of
revenue raised -to
provide public services
to different land uses
The findings of COCS studies are consistent with those of conventional fiscal
impact analyses, which document the high cost of residential development and
recommend commercial and industrial development to help balance local
budgets. What is unique about COCS studies is that they show that that
agricultural land is similar to other commercial and industrial uses. In every
community studied, farmland has generated a fiscal surplus to help offset the
2 of 5 5/11/98 3:12 PM
Farmland Information Center - Tech ... Cost of Community Services Studies
http:,itarm.fic.niu.eclw tic- taitats- cocs.ntml
shortfall created by residential demand for public services. This is true even 40
when the land is assessed at its current, agricultural use.
Communities need reliable information to help them see the full picture of their
land uses. COCS studies are an inexpensive way to evaluate the net
contribution of farm and open lands. They can help local leaders discard the
notion that natural resources must be converted to other uses to ensure fiscal
stability. They also dispel the myths that residential development leads to
lower taxes, that differential assessment programs give landowners an unfair
tax break, and that farmland is just waiting around f or development.
One type of land use is not intrinsically better than another, and COCS studies
do not judge the overall public good or long -term merits of any land use or
taxing structure. Communities must balance goals such as maintaining
affordable housing, creating j obs and conserving land and resources. With
good planning, these goals can complement rather than compete with each
other. COCS studies give communities another tool to make decisions about
their futures.
The Farmland Information Center is a public /private partnership between American Farmland Trust and the
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service that provides technical information about farmland
protection.
American Farmland Trust works to stop the loss of productive farmland and to promote farming practices that
lead to a healthy environment.
American Faand Trust
SUMMARY OF COSTS OF COMMUNITY SERVICES STUDIES,
REVENUE -TO- EXPENDITURE
RATIOS IN DOLLARS
State/Town
Residential
Combined
Farm /Forest
Source
including
Commercial
Open Land
farm
& Industrial
house
Connecticut
Durham
1 : 1.07
1 : 0.27
1 : 0.23
Southern New England Forest
Consortium, 1995
Farmington
1 :1.33
1 : 0.32
1 :0.31
Southern New England Forest
Consortium, 1995
Hebron
1 : 1.06
1 : 0.47
1 :0.43
American Farmland Trust, 1986
Litchfield
1 :1.11
1 : 0.34
1 :0.34
Southern New England Forest
Consortium, 1995
Pomfret
1 : 1.06
1 : 0.27
1 :0.86
Southern New England Forest
Consortium, 1995
Maine
Bethel
1:1.29
1 : 0.425
1 : 0.06
Thomas Good, Antioch New England
Graduate School, 1994
Maryland
Carroll County
1 : 1.15
1: 0.48
1 :0.45
Carroll County Dept. of Management &
Budget, 1994
of 5 5/11/98 3:12 PM
dCIIIli ilU L111VIII1 dL1Ut1 L.CllIGi - 1 CI:II...I.W� vi L.vuuuwu�y JC1 � ��c� .�wuic�
Frederick County
Massachusetts
Agawam
Becket
Deerfield
Franklin
Gill
Leverett
Westford
Williamstown
Minnesota
Farmington
Lake Elmo
Independence
New York
Amenia
Beekman
Farmington
Dix
Fishkill
Hector
Kinderhook
Montour
Northeast
Reading
Red Hook
Ohio
Madison Village
Madison Township
Pennsylvania
Bethel Township
Carroll Township
Straban Township
Rhode Island
Hopkinton
Little Compton
1 :1.05 1 :0.39
llltp.�i icu iu.ii�.uiu.CU W[1C- C3�C3IS-%OCS.11Ci'A!
1 : 0.48 American Farmland Trust, 1997 1 41
1 : 1.05
1 :0.44
1 : 0.31
American Farmland Trust, 1992
1 : 1.02
1 : 0.83
-1: 0.72
Southern New England Forest
1 :1.04
1 :0.19
1 : 0.47
Consortium, 1995
1 :1.16
1 : 0.38
1 : 0.29
American Farmland Trust, 1992
1 :1.02
1 : 0.58
1 : 0.40
Southern New England Forest
1 :1.22
1 : 0.27
1 : 0.72
Consortium, 1995
1 :1.15
1 : 0.43
1 : 0.38
American Farmland Trust, 1992
1 :1.15
1 : 0.29
1 : 0.25
Southern New England Forest
1 :1.23
1 : 0.31
1 : 0.74
Consortium, 1995
1 :1.15
1 : 0.53
1 : 0.39
Southern New England Forest
Consortium, 1995
1 :1.11
1 : 0.40
1 : 0.34
Hazler et al., 1992
1 :1.02
1 : 0.18
1 : 0.48
American Farmland Trust, 1994
1 :1.07
1 : 0.20
1 : 0.27
American Farmland Trust, 1994
1 :1.04
1 :0.19
1 : 0.47
American Farmland Trust, 1994
1 :1.23
1 :0.17
1 :0.25
Bucknall, 1989
1 :1.12
1 : 0.18
1 : 0.48
American Farmland Trust, 1989
1 :1.22
1 : 0.27
1 : 0.72
Kinsman et al., 1991
1 :1.51
1 : 0.27
1 : 0.31
Schuyler County League of Women
Voters, 1993
1 :1.23
1 : 0.31
1 : 0.74
Bucknall, 1989
1 :1.30
1 : 0.15
1 : 0.28
Schuyler County League of Women
Voters, 1993
1 : 1.05
1: 0.21
1 : 0.17
Concerned Citizens of Kinderhook, 1996
1 :1.50
1 : 0.28
1 : 0.29
Schuyler County League of Women
Voters, 1992
1 :1.36
1: 0.29
1 : 0.21
American Farmland Trust, 1989
1 :1.08
1 :0.26
1 : 0.32
Schuyler County League of Women
Voters, 1992
1 :1.11
1 : 0.20
1 : 0.22
Bucknall, 1989
1 :1.67 1 :0.20 1 : 0.38 AFT and Lake County Ohio SWCD,
1993
1 :1.40 1 :0.25 1 : 0.30 AFT and Lake County Ohio SWCD,
1993
1 :1.08
1 : 0.17
1 : 0.06
Tim Kelsey, 1992
1 : 1.03
1 :0.03
1 : 0.02
Tim Kelsey, 1992
1 :1.10
1 : 0.11
1 : 0.06
Tim Kelsey, 1992
1 :1.08
1 :0.31
1 : -0.31
Southern New England Forest
Consortium, 1995
1 :1.05
1 :0.56
1 : 0.37
Southern New England Forest
4 of5 5/11/98 3:12 PM
land Infocmation Center - Tech ... Cost of Community Services Studies http: / /farm.fic.niu.edu/fic- ta/tafs- cocs.html
Consortium, 1995 42
West Greenwich 1 : 1.46 1 : 0.40 1 : 0.46 Southern New England Forest
Consortium, 1995
Virginia
Clarke County 1:1.26 1:0.21 1:0.15 Piedmont Environ. Council, Clarke
j County, Virginia, 1984
Wisconsin
* Dunn 1 : 1.06 1 : 0.29 1 : 0.18 Town of Dunn. 1994
' iM 2!
American Fapwdand Trust
43
MEMORANDUM
Orange County Planning & Inspections Department
306F Revere Road Hillsborough, NC 27278
Telephone: (919) 732 -8181
E -mail: dbelk @co.orange.nc.us
To: John Link, County Manager
From: Donald R. Belk, Planner II/Preservation 45�i&
Date: May 12, 1998
Subject: Forsyth County (NC) Farmland Preservation Program
Copies: _ R ss ;: suet Cotmty Manages
Gene Bell, Acting Planning Director
FAX (919) 644 -3002
At their May 6 meeting, the Board of County Commissioners asked for information about the
farmland preservation program of Forsyth County, NC. The Orange County PACE program
guidelines (contained in the "Green Book ") are modeled after this program. The Forsyth
County Farmland Preservation Program is itself modeled upon successful PACE programs in
Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Delaware.
In reference to specific questions by the Board, the following excerpts from the attached
program guidelines are provided:
• the Forsyth County Farmland Preservation Program is funded by the County and
administered by the Soil and Water Conservation District (p. 1, Section I.B.);
• agricultural conservation easements (development rights) purchased by Forsyth County
shall be held in perpetuity (p. 4, Section III.B.);
• repurchase of development rights may be requested after a period of 30 years. The Board
of Supervisors shall evaluate the request for repurchase, but the final decision rests with the
Board of Commissioners (p. 12 -13, Section VI).
/db
attachment
45
Forsyth County
Farmland Preservation Program
Guidelines
July 1997
46
47
Forsyth County, North- Carolina
Farmland Preservation Program Guidelines
Table of Contents
I. Introduction Paae
A. General 1
B. Duties and Responsibilities of the Forsyth Soil and Water 1
Conservation District Board of Supervisors
(hereinafter referred to as the Board of Supervisors)
C. Definition of Development Rights 1
D. Definition of Agricultural Uses 2
E. Definition of Open Space 2
II. Agricultural Priority Areas (APA)
A. General 3
B. Criteria for Designation 3
C. Procedure for Designation and/or Termination 3
D. Protection from Public Capital Projects 3
M. Purchase of Development Rights
A. General 4
B. Description 4
C. Minimum Eligibility Criteria 4
D. Application Procedure 4
E. Review and Ranking of Applications 4
F. Acquisition 4-5
G. Public Disclosure 6
IV. Lease of Development Rights
A. General 7
B. Description 7
C. Minimum Eligibility Criteria 7
D. Application Procedure 7
E. Review and Ranking of Applications 7
F. Acquisition 7"9
G. Public Disclosure 9
48
Table of Contents (Continued)
V. Donation of Development Rights
A. General
10
B. Description
10
C. Minimum Eligibility Criteria
10
D. Application Procedure
10
E. Review of Applications
10
F. Acquisition
10 -11
G. Public Disclosure
11
VI. Repurchase of Development Rights
A. General
12
B.- Eligibility Criteria
12
C. Repurchase Procedure
12 -13
VII. Property Use Restrictions
1415
VIII. Farmland Ranking System
16 -21
49
I. Introduction
A., - , General
The preservation of Forsyth County's best agricultural land in a manner
that directs and accommodates growth and development is a high priority
to the residents of Forsyth County. To this end the county establishes the
following goals:
(1) To protect and conserve those soils in Forsyth County best suited
to agricultural uses;
(2) To identify and harmonize policies and programs of government at
all levels which may conflict with the goal of preservation of
farmland;
(3) To reduce land use conflicts between agricultural and other land
uses; and
(4) To promote agriculture as an integral part of the Forsyth County
economy.
These program guidelines contain policies and procedures for adminis-
tering a farmland preservation program.
B. Duties and Responsibilities of the Forsyth Soil and Water Conservation
District Board of Supervisors (hereinafter referred to as the Board of
Supervisors
The Board of Supervisors shall act on behalf of the county in
administering the Farmland Preservation Program. The Board of
Supervisors shall select properties for purchase, lease, and/or donation,
develop purchase and lease priorities, execute any and all documents
necessary to purchase, lease, and/or accept donations of development
rights and perform any other suer acts necessary for the implementation
of this program. The Board of Supervisors shall administer this program
within the financial resources provided by the Forsyth County Board of
Commissioners.
C. Definition of Development Rights
For purposes of this program, development rights are defined as:
"All right, title, and interest in the use of land for any and all purposes
which are not directly and customarily incidental to agricultural or
open space uses."
50
D. Definition of Agricultural Uses
For purposes of this program, agricultural uses are defined as:
"Agricultural uses include, but are not limited to, the production of crops,
trees, horticultural specialties, livestock, and livestock products. Asso-
ciated uses allowable are sales and processing necessary and customarily
incidental to the agricultural activities on -site which are in keeping with
the purpose of the program."
E. Definition of Open Space
For purposes of this program, open space is defined as:
"Open space is land used for recreation, natural resource protection,
amenities, and/or btifferyards. Open space may include, but is not
limited to, lawns, walkways, active recreation areas, playgrounds,
wooded areas, greenways, and water courses.
2
51
II. Agricultural Priority Areas (APA)
A. General -_
The designation of Agricultural Priority Areas in Forsyth County is
intended to identify geographic areas containing the most productive
agricultural soils. Agricultural Priority Area designation is the first
step in directing the expenditure of funds for development rights
acquisition.
B. Criteria for Designation
The following are guidelines for the designation of Agricultural Priority
Areas:
1. Areas should contain sufficient contiguous agricultural land to
facilitate its permanent agricultural use.
2. Areas should consist primarily of soils identified in Forsyth
County as prime or locally important.
3. Land in the area should be primarily in agricultural use.
4. The land should be located outside the area designated by the
Forsyth County Comprehensive Plan as the Urban Services Area.
C. Procedure for Designation and/or Termination
Agricultural Priority Areas will be established by the Board of Super-
visors. In determining areas to include, the Board of Supervisors may
confer with any governing body affected by the proposed APA, receive
recommendations from the City - County Planning Board, and/or conduct
a public meeting to receive public comments. The board will establish
APA's by resolution and adopt an official map showing boundaries of all
APA's. Termination of an APA shall be by resolution approved by the
Board of Supervisors.
D. Protection from Public Capital Projects
Forsyth County will promote, to the extent possible, protection of
continued agricultural use of laird in APR's from incompatible capital
projects that are not planned at the time of APA establishment and which
would result in extensive, direct and/or indirect conversion of farmland
resources. If possible, no project funded directly or indirectly by the
Forsyth County Board of Commissioners will be conducted on land
included in an APA if it would lead to the direct conversion of farmland.
52
III. Purchase of Development Rights
A. _General
Forsyth County, through the Board of Supervisors, will purchase
development rights in agricultural lands. High priority will be given to
applicants located within an APA. Applications will be ranked based
upon various site factors, such as the level of development pressure and
agricultural production capability. Development rights will be purchased
in accordance with the ranking of farm properties and the availability of
allocated funds. Compensation for development rights will be based on
the board's determination of the difference between fair market value and
agricultural or open space value appraisals. The purchase price will be
subject to negotiation.
B. Description
The purchase of development rights is legally binding, restricting the
owner and future owners to agricultural and/or open space use of the
land. The development rights will be held in public trust by Forsyth
County in perpetuity.
C. Minimum Eligibility Criteria
The agricultural land must be at least ten (10) acres in size or contiguous
to a ten (10) acre tract for which the county holds the development rights,
and be in agricultural or open space use.
D. Application Procedure
An application must be submitted to the Forsyth Soil and Water
Conservation District Office.
E. Review and Ranking of Applications
The Board of Supervisors will review and rank each of the applications
using the Farmland Ranking System, which is based on the Land Evalua-
tion and Site Assessment System developed by the USDA, Natural
Resources Conservation Service.
F. Acquisition
1. The Board of Supervisors will obtain two appraisals on tracts
considered for entry into the program. One appraisal will establish
4
53
fair market value of the property at its highest and best use. The
second appraisal will establish the value of the property for
agricultural or open space use.
2. Upon receiving the written appraisals, the Board of Supervisors
will present the values to the landowner by certified mail. The
landowner will have thirty (30) days from receipt of the values
to submit an offer to sell his/her development rights. Failure to
respond in writing within the required time may constitute waiver
of the opportunity, in the sole discretion of the Board of Super-
visors. Upon receiving an offer to sell, a representative of the
Board of Supervisors will meet with the landowner and accept,
reject, or negotiate a compromise price with the landowner. If an
agreement is reached, a contract to convey will be signed promptly
by the landowner and the Board of Supervisors on behalf of the
county.
3. At county expense, the Board of Supervisors will cause any
necessary title examinations to be performed and all documen-
tation to be prepared. If the property in question is subject to
mortgage(s) or lien(s), a subordination agreement or waiver must
be secured from the mortgage or lien holder. Closing will not take
place until this requirement is met. The Board of Supervisors will
assist in securing this agreement with the mortgage or lien holder,
at the request of the landowner.
4. Upon preparation of appropriate legal documents covering titles,
deeds, surveys, and subordination agreements, the closing will be
scheduled by the Board of Supervisors. Prior to closing, all legal
documents will be reviewed for verification and accuracy. At
closing, the owner will execute appropriate full warranty
documents conveying development rights to the county in
perpetuity. After proper recordation of necessary instruments, the
landowner will be presented with a check. The county will bear all
closing and related costs. The Board of Supervisors will securely
store all pertinent records, including deeds.
5. The Board of Supervisors may extend any stated time limit as
circumstances require. The deviations will be reported to the
Chairman of the Board of Supervisors and the landowner.
W
G. Public Disclosure
54
During negotiations concerning the purchase of development rights,
information will be kept confidential, as allowed by law.
Following closing of each purchase, information may be made public
as provided by law.
55
TV. Lease of Development Rights
A. General
Forsyth County, through the Board of Supervisors, will lease development
rights in agricultural lands. High priority will be given to applicants
located within an APA. Applications will be ranked based upon various
site factors, such as the level of development pressure and agricultural
production capability. Development rights will be leased in accordance
with the ranking of farm properties and the availability of allocated funds.
Compensation for development rights will be based on the board's
determination of cash rent values for comparable land. The lease price
will be subject to negotiation. The leasing of development rights will be a
low priority, used only when insufficient interest in the purchase of
development rights exists.
- B. Description
The lease of development rights is legally binding, restricting the owner
and future owners to agricultural and/or open space use of the land.
The development rights will be held in public trust by Forsyth County.
C. Minimum Eligibility Criteria
The agricultural land must be at least ten (10) acres in size or contiguous
to a ten (10) acre tract for which the county holds the development rights,
and be in agricultural or open space use.
D. Ar)olication Procedure
An application must be submitted to the Forsyth Soil and Water
Conservation District Office.
E. Review and Ranking of Applications
The Board of Supervisors will review and rank each of the applications
using the Farmland Ranking System, which is based on the Land Evalua-
tion and Site Assessment System developed by the USDA, Natural
Resources Conservation Service.
F. Acquisition
1. The Board of Supervisors will calculate a maximum cash rent
value for each application. A cash rent value factor will be set
.7
56
by a committee consisting of the NRCS District Conservationist,
the County Extension Director, the County Forester, the Rural
Development Manager, and five residents of the county selected
by the Board of Supervisors, who derive a majority of their income
from agricultural production. The Board of Supervisors will call
the meeting of this committee and document the findings. The
cash rent value factor will include the lease price per acre for the
first year of the lease and the formula for annual payments for the
term of the lease.
2. Upon calculating the lease value, the Board of Supervisors will
present the value to the landowner by certified mail. The land-
owner will have thirty (30) days from receipt of the value to
submit an offer to lease his/her development rights. Failure to
respond in writing within the required time may constitute waiver
of the opportunity, in the sole discretion of the Board of
Supervisors. Upon receiving an offer to lease, a representative of
the Board of Supervisors will meet with the landowner and accept,
reject, or negotiate a tompromise price with the landowner. If an
agreement is reached, a contract to convey will be signed promptly
by the landowner and the Board of supervisors on behalf of the
county.
3. At county expense, the Board of Supervisors will cause any
necessary title examinations to be performed and all documen-
tation to be prepared. If the property in question is subject to
mortgage(s) or lien(s), a subordination agreement or waiver must
be secured from the mortgage or lien holder. Closing will not take
place until this requirement is met. The Board of Supervisors will
assist in securing this agreement with the mortgage or lien holder,
at the request of the landowner.
4. Upon preparation of appropriate legal documents covering titles,
deeds, surveys, and subordination agreements, the closing will be
scheduled by the Board of Supervisors. Prior to closing, all legal
documents will be reviewed for verification and accuracy. At
closing, the owner will execute appropriate full warranty
documents conveying development rights to the county in
perpetuity. After proper recordation of necessary instruments, the
landowner will be presented with a check_ The county will bear all
closing and related costs. The Board of Supervisors will securely
store all pertinent records, including deeds.
57
5. The Board of Supervisors may extend any stated time limit as
circumstances require. The deviations will be reported to the
Chairman of the Board of Supervisors and the landowner.
G. Public Disclosure
During negotiations concerning the lease of development rights,
information will be kept confidential, as allowed by law.
Following closing of each lease, information may be made public
as provided by law.
D
58
V. Donation of Development Rights
A. General
The Board of Supervisors may accept a voluntary donation or devise
of development rights.
B. Description
The donation of development rights is legally binding, restricting the
owner and future owners to agricultural and/or open space use of the land.
The development rights will be held in public trust by Forsyth County in
perpetuity.
C. Minimum Eligibility Criteria
The agricultural land must be at least ten (10) acres in size or contiguous
to a ten (10) acre tract for which the county holds the development rights,
and be in agricultural or open space use.
D. Application Procedure
An application must be submitted to the Forsyth Soil and Water
Conservation District Office.
E. Review of Applications
The Board of Supervisors will review the applications to determine
whether the minimum eligibility criteria are met or whether to waive
any of the criteria.
F. Acquisition
1. The Board of Supervisors will obtain two appraisals on tracts
considered for entry into the program. One appraisal will establish
fair market value of the property at its highest and best use. The
second appraisal will establish the value of the property for agri-
cultural or open space use.
2. Upon receiving the written appraisals, the Board of Supervisors
will prepare a donation Verification Statement to document the
value of the interest conveyed to the county. This statement will
be based on the difference between the appraised values.
10
59
3. At county expense, the Board of Supervisors will cause any
necessary title examinations to be performed and all documen-
tation to be prepared. -If the property in question is subject to
mortgages(s) or lien(s), a subordination agreement or waiver must
be secured from the mortgage or lien holder. Closing will not take
place until this requirement is met. The Board of Supervisors will
assist in securing this agreement with the mortgage or lien holder,
at the request of the landowner.
4. Upon preparation of appropriate legal documents covering titles,
deeds, surveys, and subordination agreements, the closing will be
scheduled by the Board of Supervisors. Prior to closing, all legal
documents will be reviewed for verification and accuracy. At
closing, the owner will execute appropriate full warranty
documents conveying development rights to the county in
perpetuity. After proper recordation of necessary instruments, the
Chairman of the Board of Supervisors will sign and present the
Donation Verification Statement to the landowner. The county
will bear all closing and related costs. The Board of Supervisors
will securely store all pertinent records, including deeds.
G. Public Disclosure
During negotiations concerning the donation of development rights,
information will be kept confidential, as allowed by law.
Following closing of each donation, information may be made public
as provided by law.
11
60
VI. Repurchase of Development Rights
A. General
The designation of Agricultural Priority Areas and the subsequent
purchase of development rights is intended to create areas with sufficient
amounts of contiguous agricultural land to facilitate the permanent agricul-
tural use of the land. While program activity will be directed toward that
goal, success is dependent on the voluntary participation of landowners.
If a landowner or several owners of small tracts are the only participants in
their area, the goal may not be achieved. These landowners could become
land locked by development and agricultural activity may become
impractical.
In such a situation it may be in the best interest of the landowner and the
public to allow repurchase of the development rights for the property in
question. Other circumstances could also affect a property's suitability
for continued agricultural use. Repurchase of development rights by a
landowner is foreseen as an unusual and infrequent occurrence, and would
take place with the concurrence of the Board of Supervisors and the
Forsyth County Board of Commissioners.
B. Eligibilitv Criteria
In order for a repurchase request to be considered the following criteria
must be met: The original purchase of development rights must have
occurred at least thirty (30) years prior to the request for repurchase and
the development rights must have been purchased by and not donated to
the county.
C. Repurchase Procedure
A landowner requesting a review of his property for possible repurchase
of development rights should do so by certified letter to the Forsyth Soil
and Water Conservation District Office. The letter should state the reason
for the request and the date that the property was entered into the program.
The Board of Supervisors will respond by approving the repurchase
request in principle (pending successful negotiation *of sale price), or by
denying the request.
Upon approval in principle of the repurchase, the landowner must
submit two appraisals of value for the property in question. One
12
61
appraisal will establish the fair market value of the property at its
highest and best use. The second appraisal will establish the value
of the property for agricultural- or open space use. Other appraisals
will be secured as necessary.
The Board of Supervisors will review the appraised values and
decide to either recommend a repurchase price to the Forsyth County
Board of Commissioners or decline to recommend repurchase. If a
repurchase price is approved by the Board of Commissioners, the land-
owner will be notified by the Board of Supervisors. If the price is
acceptable to the landowner, he/she will submit a written offer to
purchase the development rights. This offer will be granted by the
Board of Supervisors and closing proceedings will begin.
The landowner is responsible for promptly securing all legal documents
necessary for closing and will bear all associated closing costs.
When legal documents are prepared and adequate financing is available
a date, time, and location for closing will be agreed upon. Payment for
repurchase shall be made directly to the county at closing by a certified
check or equivalent.
13
VII. Property Use Restrictions
62
In addition to restrictions set out elsewhere in these guidelines, the following
restrictions will apply to property included in the purchase, lease, or donation
of development rights program. A waiver of any restriction may be granted
only upon approval by the Board of Supervisors in writing.
A. Residences permitted on the land from which development rights have
been conveyed are existing dwellings and the replacement of existing
dwellings. Requests for additional dwellings shall be considered on a case
by case basis. At no time shall the maximum number of dwellings on the
entire property as initially entered into the program exceed three (3).
B. All permitted non - agricultural structures shall, when feasible, be located
in the immediate vicinity of existing structures, described as the home-
stead or curtilage, as.reasonable expansions of the homestead or curtilage
or on the area(s) of the property of least productive capability. Such
permitted structures shall, when feasible, utilize existing or common
driveways, lanes or right of ways.
C. The extraction of minerals by surface mining and extraction and removal
of topsoil from the property are prohibited. The extraction of subsurface
or deep -mined minerals, including natural gas and oil, and the non-
commercial extraction of minerals including limestone, shale and other
minerals shall be permitted, as long as the removal activity does not
significantly diminish the agricultural potential of the land.
D. Use of the property for dumping, storage, processing or landfill of
non - agricultural solid waste generated off -site is prohibited.
E. Use of the property for dumping, storage, processing, or landfill of
hazardous or nuclear waste is prohibited.
F. Signs, billboard, and outdoor advertising structures may not be
displayed on the property except to state the name of the property, the
name and address of the occupant, to advertise an on -site activity
permitted herein and to advertise the property for sale or rent.
G. Agricultural land will be managed in accordance with sound soil and
water conservation practices in a manner which will not destroy or
substantially or irretrievably diminish the productive capability of the .
property.
14
H. County officials shall have the right to enforce these restrictions by
injunction and all other appropriate proceedings allowable by law.
Representatives of the county may enter upon the property for the
purposes of inspection concerning compliance with the Farmland
Preservation Program.
I. The county will hold the development rights in public trust for farmland
preservation purposes and will not voluntarily assign these rights except
to another organization bound to hold such rights for the same purposes.
J. All tracts of land from which development rights were purchased with
Federal or State funds will be subject to Federal and State regulations
concerning farmland preservation.
15
63
VIII. Farmland Ranking System
64
The Farmland Ranking System will be used to rank, or prioritize, applications received
from landowners seeking sale or donation of their development rights. The system can
also be used for evaluating conversion impact.
The system consists of two parts:
1. Site Assessment Criteria: This part of the system consists of 10 factors,
most of which are related to development pressures and development
capability /suitability of a particular farm parcel and its surrounding area.
Each factor is assigned a point value based on its relative importance to
other factors.
2.- Soil Assessment Criteria: All soils in Forsyth County have been rated and
placed into groups ranging from the most productive farmland to the least
productive. A relative value. has been determined for each group — the best
group is assigned the highest value and all other groups are assigned lower
values.
To determine the total value of a given parcel, the values for the Soil Assessment and Site
Assessment criteria are added together.
Site Assessment Criteria
The following information describes the criteria to be used in site evaluation in
administering the Farmland Preservation Program. Point values and the criteria for
allocation of ranking points are listed below.
1. Farm Size (weight - 100 Points)
A score of one point per acre is given up to a maximum of 100 points.
2. Percentage of Farm in Agricultural Use (weight - 100 points)
A score of one ranking point per percentage point of land in production
compared to total farm size is given up to maximum of 100 points.
16
65
3. Proximity to Public Water and Sewer (weight - 100 points)
Existing service area adjacent- 100 points
Existing service area within `/4 mile 80 points
Planned service area within `/4 mile 70 points
Existing service area within `/2 mile 60 points
Planned service area within'` /2 mile 50 points
Existing or planned service area within 1 mile radius 30 points
No existing or planned service area within 1 mile radius 10 points
4. Probability of Conversion (weight - 100 points)
Property subject to potential forced sale 100 points
Property subject to estate settlement sale 75 points
Property actively marketed for voluntary sale 50 points
-5. Proximity to Planned Development (weight - 50 points)
Non - Agricultural development planned adjacent 50 points
Non - Agricultural development planned within %4 mile 40 points
Non - Agricultural development planned within' /2 mile 30 points
Non - Agricultural development planned within 1 mile 20 points
Planned agriculture within 1 mile 10 points
6. Proximity to Agricultural Priority Areas (APA)
(weight - 50 points)
Included in or adjacent to APA 50 points
Within `/4 mile 40 points
%4 to %2 mile 30 points
More than %2 mile 20 points
7. Capital Investment in Farm Operation (weight - 200 Points)
(Dwellings are not included in this determination other than
employee housing.)
Substantial capital investment within past 5 years 200 points
Substantial capital investment within past 10 year 100 points
Substantial capital investment within past 15 years 50 points
8. Conservation Program (weight - 200 points)
A score of two ranking points per percentage point of land meeting the
"r' formula of conservation is given up to a maximum of 200 points.
17
9. Historic, Scenic, Environmental Qualities
(weight - 50 points)
Exceptional features favorable to preservation (National
Register of Historic Places, exception scenic contribution
on major highway corridor, exceptional or special
environmental circumstances) 50 points
Significant features favorable to preservation (Historic
Site Survey, significant scenic contribution of rural
roads, significant environmental circumstances.) 40 points
Features favorable to preservation (Significant, but
undocumented historic features, moderate localized
scenic contribution and/or limited but recognized
environmental features favorable to preservation) 30 points
10. Specialty Products (weight - 50 points)
A score of one -half a ranking point per percentage
point of land used for production of a locally unique
crop or product up to a maximum of 50 points. 50 points
18
66
67
Soil Assessment Criteria
The following tables list the soil types found in Forsyth County with the pertinent
characteristics, groupings, relative values and ranking system points. This information is
used to determine the relative soil quality of a given parcel of land by the administration
of the Farmland Preservation Program.
Land Ranking
Map Soil Cap Farmland Agricultural Relative System
Svmbol Series Slope Subclass Class Group Value Points
A1B
Altavista
1 -6
2E
Prime
1
1.0
700
ApB
Appling
2 -6
2E
Prime
1
1.0
700
CcB
Cecil
2 -6
2E
Prime
1
1.0
700
HiB
Hiwassee
2 -6
2E
Prime
1
1.0
700
MaB
Madison
2 -6
2E
Prime
2
.86
602
MeB _
Mecklenburg
2 -6
2E
Prime
2
.86
602
PaB
Pacolet
2 -6
2E
Prime
2
.86
602
WdB
Wedowee
2 -6
2E
Prime
2
.86
602
WkB
Wickham
2 -6
2E
Prime
2
.86
602
VaB
Vance
2 -6
2E
Prime
2
.86
602
ApC
Appling
6 -10
3E
Prime
2
.86
602
WkC
Wickham
6 -10
3E
Prime
2
.86
602
HmB2
Hiwassee
2 -6
3E
Prime
2
.86
602
EnB
Enon
2 -6
2E
State & Local
3
.76
532
CeB2
Cecil
2 -6
3E
State & Local
3
.76
532
CcC
Cecil
6 -10
3E
State & Local
3
.76
532
HiC
Hiwassee
6 -10
3E
State & Local
3
.76
532
MaC
Madison
6 -10
3E
State & Local
3
.76
532
MeC
Mecklenburg
6-10
3E
State & Local
3
.76
532
Co
Congaree
0 -2
2W
State & Local
4
.72
504
Ch
Chewacla
0 -2
3W
State & Local
4
.72
504
Wh
Wehadkee
0 -2
4W
State & Local
4
.72
504
PcB2
Pacolet
2 -6
3E
State & Local
5
.64
448
McB2
Madison
2-6
3E
State & Local
5
.64
448
PaC
Pacolet
6 -10
3E
State & Local
5
.64
448
CeC2
Cecil
6 -10
4E
State & Local
5
.64
448
HmC2
Hiwassee
6 -10
4E
State & Local
5
.64
448
McC2
Madison
6 -10
4E
State & Local
5
.64
448
19
P
68
Land
Ranking
Map
Soil
Cap
Farmland
Agricultural
Relative
System
Svmbol
Series
Slope
Subclass
Class
Group
Value
Points
IrB
Iredell
2 -6
2E
Other
6
.61
427
WeB
Wedowee -
2 -6
3E
Other
6
.61
427
Louisburg
EnC
Enon
6 -10
3E
Other
6
.61
427
WeC
Wedowee-
6 -10
3E
Other
6
.61
427
Louisburg
WdC
Wedowee
6 -10
3E
Other
6
.61
427
VaC
Vance
6 -10
3E
Other
6
.61
427
CcD
Cecil
10 -15
4E
Other
7
.53
371
HiD
Hiwassee
10 -15
4E
Other
7
.53
371
MaD
Madison
10 -15.
4E
Other
7
.53
371
MeD
Mecklenburg 10 -15
4E
Other
7
.53
371
PaD
Pacolet
10 -15
4E
Other
7
.53
371
WdD
Wedowee
10 -15
4E
Other
7
.53
371
WkD
Wickham
10 -15
4E
Other
7
.53
371
HmD2
Hiwassee
10 -15
4E
Other
7
.53
371
WiC
Wilkes
6 -10
4E
Other
8
.43
301
PcC2
Pacolet
6 -10
4E
Other
8
.43
301
EnD
Enon
10 -15
4E
Other
8
.43
301
VaD
Vance
10 -15
4E
Other
8
.43
301
WeD
Wedowee
10 -15
4E
Other
8
.43
301
Louisburg
PcC3
Pacolet
6 -10
6E
Other
9
.23
161
LoD
Louisburg
6 -15
6E
Other
9
.23
161
TaD
Tallapoosa
6 -15
6E
Other
9
.23
161
WiD
Wilkes
10 -15
6E
Other
9
.23
161
McD2
Madison
10 -15
6E
Other
9
.23
161
PcD2
Pacolet
10 -15
6E
Other.
9
.23
161
HiE
Hiwassee
15 -25
6E
Other
9
.23
161
LwE
Louisburg-
15 -25
6E
Other
9
.23
161
Wedowee
MaF
Madison
15-45
6E
Other
9
.23
161
PaF
Pacolet
15-45
6E
Other
9
.23
161
P
68
69
21
n
Land
Ranking
Map
Soil
Cap _
Farmland
Agricultural
Relative
System
Svmbol
Series
Slone
Subclass
Class
Group
Value
Points
PeE3
Pacolet
10 -25
7E
Other
10
.09
63
LoF
Louisburg
15-45
7E
Other
10
.09
63
TaF
Tallapoosa
15-45
7E
Other
10
.09
63
WiF
Wilkes
15-45
7E
Other
10
.09
63
PcF
Pacolet
15-45
7E
Other
10
.09
63
Cu
Cut & Fill Land
--
--
Other
11
0
0
Gu
Gulhed Land
--
--
Other
11
0
0
PuC
Pacolet - Urban
2 -10
—
Other
11
0
0
Land
PuE
Pacolet - Urban
10 -25
--
Other
11
0
0
Land
21
n
f 11
a
MEMORANDUM
TO: John Link, County Manager
FROM: Don Belk, Preservation Planner
SUBJECT: Historical Perspective on the Work of the Agricultural Districts Advisory Board
DATE: May 8, 1998
COPIES: Rod Visser, Assistant County Manager
Gene Bell, Acting Planning Director
70
As you know, Commissioner Crowther has proposed an allocation of $200,000 in the Capital Investment
Plan (CIP) for a PACE program. This proposal was based on one of the Farmland Preservation goals
presented by the Agricultural Districts Advisory Board (ADAB) on February 10, 1998.
Mr. Crowther's proposal is the culmination of the ADAB's efforts during the 1990's to establish a
voluntary farmland preservation program for Orange County. Establishing such a program was the
original charge given the ADAB by the Board of Commissioners. Following is a historical perspective
of the work of the Agricultural Districts Advisory Board.
Activities of the Agricultural Districts Advisory Board, 1990 -1993
In August 1990, the Board of Commissioners reconstituted the Agricultural Districts Advisory Board and
charged it with developing a purchase of development rights (PDR) program for Orange County. One
month later, the Advisory Board initiated its work, and, in June of 1991, presented a status report to the
Board of Commissioners on the proposal.
The Board of Commissioners asked the Advisory Board to address the following:
• Revision of the system of ranking farmland to include visibility from major thoroughfares and
proximity to municipalities;
• Expansion of the Advisory Board to include municipal representation, including preparation of a
Farmland Preservation Ordinance; and
• Presentation of the PDR proposal to Township Advisory Councils to develop support for the
program proposals.
Between June 1991 and February 1993, the Agricultural Districts Advisory Board addressed these
concerns identified by the Board of Commissioners. A Voluntary Farmland Preservation Program
Ordinance was adopted, ADAB membership was expanded to include municipal representation, and
Rules of Procedure were adopted.
In April 1992, 1,300 notices were sent to land owners participating in the Present Use Value Taxation
Program, advising them of the Voluntary Farmland Preservation Program. In June of that year, Orange
County's first Voluntary Agricultural District was designated by the Board of Commissioners.
71
Historical Perspective on the Work of the Agricultural Districts Advisory Board
May 8, 1998
Page Two
The Voluntary Farmland Preservation Program Ordinance was amended in September 1992 to reduce
the amount of farm acreage required for participation. In February 1993, the Voluntary Farmland
Preservation Program Ordinance was amended to permit small tracts surrounded by or adjacent to
existing or proposed districts to be included.
Purchase of Development Rights/Farmland Preservation Bond: 1993 -1994
PDR Program guidelines were developed during 1993 -1994 by the Agricultural Districts Advisory Board
and the Planning Staff. During preparations for 1994 Farmland Bond, the ADAB and staff assembled a
technical manual for the evaluation and assessment of farmland. Known as "the Green Book ", this
document contains the detailed methodology for the evaluation and ranking of farmland applying for the
PDR program.
Applications would be evaluated and ranked using the Land Evaluation and Site Assessment (LESA)
system developed by the Natural Resources Conservation Service. LESA ranks farmland according to
several factors. First, it is evaluated for its agricultural significance. Such factors as cropland and forest
land productivity, as well as farm characteristics such as size, percentage of site in farm use,
conservation plan implementation, adjacent land uses, and distance to urban area are assessed. Secondly,
a farm is evaluated for natural /cultural significance, where the presence of natural areas and wildlife
corridors, wetlands, scenic vistas, and historic sites is assessed. These factors are totaled, and rankings
are based on the overall significance of, each farm that applies to and evaluated for the PDR program.
The LESA system has been used extenively nationwide. Forsyth County, North Carolina is notable
among the jurisdictions that have used LESA.
For farmland ranking highest under this evaluation system, an independent appraisal would be conducted
to determine its development value. The farmland owner, upon receiving results of the appraisal, would
present an offer to the County for the sale of `development rights'. If the offer is acceptable to the
County, a purchase agreement is authorized. At closing, a conservation easement restricting the future
non - agricultural development of the land is executed. These procedures are detailed in Section 3 of the
Green Book.
In May 1994, the Agricultural Districts Advisory Board met with Board of Commissioners to review
work completed to date on the LESA system, and administrative procedures and financial options for a
PDR program. Subsequently, the Board of Commissioners adopted a bond calendar and proceeded with
plans to hold a referendum on a $5.0 million farmland preservation program. In November 1994, the
bond issue was defeated by a margin of 52% to 48 %.
Activities of the Agricultural Districts Advisory Board 1994 - Present
Since the November 1994 bond referendum, the Agricultural Districts Advisory Board has focused on a
more comprehensive approach to farmland preservation, with an emphasis -on public education and
voluntary landowner initiatives.
I a1
72
Historical Perspective on the Work of the Agricultural Districts Advisory Board
May 8, 1998
Page Three
In October 1995, the ADAB conducted a Farmland Preservation Workshop. Representatives from the
American Farmland Trust and the Lancaster County (PA) Farmland Protection Board were invited to
meet . with the farm community and general population to identify successful methods of farmland
preservation. During the last quarter of 1995, the ADAB organized an Agriculture Subcommittee. They
produced a segment on agriculture for the update of the Strategic Plan for Economic Development in
Orange County, prepared by the Orange County Economic Development Commission.
In early 1996, ADAB held a series of staff training workshops involving Planning, Soil Conservation,
and Agricultural Extension personnel in the use of voluntary conservation easements as a means of
farmland preservation through estate planning. Also during this time, two public forums entitled
Keeping Your Land in Family Hands were presented for the benefit of rural landowners. Over 150
persons attended the sessions. Several attendees indicated this was their first exposure to the idea of
conservation easements. One participant, Jean Earnhardt, eventually donated a 120 -acre easement to the
Triangle Land Conservancy as a result of the information she received at the forum.
During late 1995 -early 1996, the ADAB closely studied a Transfer of Development Rights (TDR) Study
prepared by a Planning Intern as part of program. requirements for a Masters Degree in City & Regional
Planning. They considered a number of scenarios for a market - driven TDR system that would be
equitable for rural landholders.
During the Spring and Summer of 1996, the ADAB scrutinized its Purchase of Development Rights
Program (the "Green Book ") including the LESA system for evaluating farmland and evaluating
alternative revenue sources. The Board reviewed a number of successful farmland preservation
programs in other parts of the country, including Lancaster County, PA and Montgomery County, MD.
To reflect their forward - thinking approach to farmland preservation, they adopted the acronym PACE,
for Purchase of Agricultural Conservation Easements.
A potential revenue source for a PACE program was considered: money received from payment of
deferred property taxes when land is removed from the use -value program. It was determined that the
County has received on average, since 1991, $200,000 annually from deferred tax payments. The ADAB
first proposed this idea to the Board of Commissioners in late 1996, in their goals statement for the 1997-
1998 fiscal year.
During 1997, the ADAB developed a survey of agricultural status and trends, which was distributed to
the farming community in early 1998. Results of the survey will be released later this month. The Board
also considered the feasibility of establishing an Orange County land trust as well as a Preservation
Division within the Planning Department.
In their proposed goals for 1998 -99, presented to the Board of Commissioners on February 14; the
ADAB again proposed funding for the PACE program. They also repeated their call for establishing a
transfer of development rights program. The ADAB also proposed a number of revisions to the
Voluntary Farmland Preservation Program to create more incentives for farmers to 'participate, including
additional tax breaks for preserving farmland.
/[•i7