HomeMy WebLinkAboutAgenda - 06-02-1998 - 10aORANGE COUNTY
BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
ACTION AGENDA ITEM ABSTRACT
Meeting Date: June 2, 1998
SUBJECT: Tobacco Allotment Taxes
DEPARTMENT: Tax Assessor
ATTACHMENT(S):
UVAB Manual Extract
NC Court of Appeals Opinion
Statutory Authority to Tax Tobacco Allotments
Orange County Agricultural Summary
1996 Top Ten NC Counties - Tobacco
Action Agenda
Item No.
PUBLIC HEARING: (Y/N)
BUDGET AMENDMENT: (Y/N)
INFORMATION CONTACT:
John Smith, ext 2100
TELEPHONE NUMBERS:
Hillsborough
732 -8181
Chapel Hill
968 -4501
Durham
688 -7331
Mebane
227 -2031
PURPOSE: To receive a report on taxes on tobacco allotments.
BACKGROUND: A recent North Carolina Court of Appeals decision has drawn attention to the
issue of taxes on tobacco allotments. A tobacco allotment specifies the maximum acreage that can
be planted on a farm in any given year. The attached extract from the Use Value Advisory Board
(UVAB) manual provides more detail on the nature of allotments.
It is our understanding that there are 86 counties which have tobacco allotments and 14 which do
not. Of the 86 which do, 61 reportedly do not tax tobacco allotments and 25 do. Orange County
does not tax its 4.27 million in tobacco allotments.
At the Board's request, County Assessor John Smith will make a brief oral report about the tax
aspects of the tobacco allotment program, respond to the Board's question, and perform any
additional research that the Board may request.
RECOMMENDATION(S): The Manager recommends that the Board receive the report as
information.
2
Tobacco programs have both acreage allotments and marketing quotas. The allotment specifies
the maxinnnn acreage of tobacco that may be planted on the farm during the year. The
marketing quota specifies the pounds of tobacco that may be sold from a qualifying farm without
penalty during the marketing year. A farm can market up to 3% more than its stated quota, but
the excess is deducted from the following year's quota.
Section 105 - 289(x)(5) of the General Statutes also directs the UVAB to recommend adjustments
to the net income per acre ranges (of (lie income schedules) for the growing of crops subject to
acreage or poundage allotments. The UVAB determined that the price - support program for
tobacco warranted such adjustment.
Although the tobacco program has acreage allotments, the primary means for controlling output
is quota. Producers accept quotas under the program by referendum vote and in return obtain
commodity program - determined support prices paid through market prices. The quota, specified
in units of the commodity, restricts the amount that may be sold with the support price benefit.
Since quotas are specified in pounds, the net income adjustment is stated on a per pound basis
and should be applied, after capitalization, to the total pounds of quota owned by the taxpayer.
The adjustment per pound for Orange County is 15.4 cents per pound.
Figures are provided by the North Carolina Use -Value Advisory Board (NVAI3). Section 105-
277.7 establishes the Board and directs it to annually submit a recommended use -value manual
to the Department of Revenue. Tile manual establishes for the use by each assessor information
for determing the present -use value of qualifying land in revaluations.
Quotas are assigned to a particular farm. To be eligible for quota, a farm must have established a
production base of the commodity during the period of the program's beginning, or subsequently
have been granted an allotment or quota by the Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation
Service, USDA, or, except for allotments and /or quotas of burley tobacco, have purchased a
quota (by the farm's owner) from another quota holder in the county. The owner of a farm's
allotments and /or quota of flue -cured tobacco may produce the farm's quota on that farm or rent
it to a producer with the right to grow the tobacco on the owner's farm. In addition to the
options for producing the commodity, the owner of a farms allotment and /or quota of burley
tobacco can, by use of a lease, transfer part or all of it to be grown on another farm within the
same county.
Samce: 1997 Use —Value Mam al for Agricultural, Horticultural and Faust Land.
Pages 26, 203, 2C4
Converted WP file 970279 -1 http:// www .aoc.state.nc.us /www /public/coa /slip /slip98/970279 -1.htm
Link to original WordPerfect file
How to access the above link?
NO. COA97 -279
NORTH CAROLINA COURT OF APPEALS
Filed: 7 April 1998
IN THE MATTER OF Appeal of William W. Whittington, Taxpayer, from the schedule of values
adopted by Lenoir County Board of Commissioners for the 1997 County wide reappraisal
Appeal by Lenoir County Board of Commissioners from the Final Decision entered 10 December
1996 by the North Carolina Property Tax Commission, sitting as the State Board of Equalization and
Review. Heard in the Court of Appeals 5 January 1998.
Taxpayer William W. Whittington appealed from the Lenoir County Board of Commissioners order
adopting the schedule of values, rules, and standards for the 1997 county wide reappraisal. Contending
that failure to include tobacco crop allotments in the county's schedule of values violated N.C. Gen. Stat.
§ 105 -274, he asserted that taxpayers would be forced to pay higher taxes due to the omission of tobacco
crop allotments from the tax base.
The Property Tax Commission ordered the Board of Commissioners to consider tobacco crop
allotments as one of the elements of value in adopting the county's 1997 schedule of values, standards,
and rules, and to apply the appropriate value for tobacco crop allotments in accordance with the 1997
Use -Value Manual. The Board of Commissioners filed notice of appeal to this Court.
Griffin & Griffin, by Thomas B. Griffin, for respondent appellant.
No brieffiled on behalf of William W. Whittington, taxpayer appellee.
ARNOLD, Chief Judge.
The significant issue before this Court is whether tobacco allotments must be considered as an
element of value in appraising all tracts of real property. Appellant contends that the Property Tax
Commission, sitting as the State Board of Equalization and Review, erred in determining that tobacco
allotments must be considered. We disagree.
Upon judicial review of a final order of the Property Tax Commission, "[i]ts orders with reference to
such valuations and standards of value are final and conclusive, subject only to judicial review for errors
of law or abuse of discretion." In re King, 281 N.C. 533, 540, 189 S.E.2d 158, 162 (1972).
This Court, in an earlier case, found a "clear legal obligation" to consider tobacco allotments as an
element in the valuation and assessment of real property for taxation purposes. Stocks v. Thompson, 1
N.C. App. 201, 204, 161 S.E.2d 149, 152 (1968). In reaching this decision, the Court recognized that all
real and personal property within the state is subject to taxation, absent an exemption. Id. When
determining fair market value, "it is a matter of common and general knowledge that the fair market
value of farms in the tobacco section of Eastern North Carolina is dependent to a very large degree upon
the size of their tobacco allotments." Garris v. Scott, 246 N.C. 568, 575, 99 S.E.2d 750, 755 (1957).
North Carolina law requires, in the context of taxation of real property, that an appraisal take into
consideration:
"at least its advantages and disadvantages as to location; zoning; quality of soil; waterpower; water
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privileges; dedication as a nature preserve; conservation or preservation agreements; mineral, quarry or
other valuable deposits; fertility; adaptability for agricultural, timber - producing, commercial, industrial,
or other uses; past income; probable future income; and any other factors that may affect its value except
growing crops of a seasonal or annual nature."
N.C. Gen. Stat. § 105- 317(a) (Cum. Supp. 1997) (emphasis added). We note that this statute was
amended in 1985, effective in 1987, by deleting the former last sentence of subdivision (a)(1) which read
"Acreage or poundage allotments for any farm commodity shall not be listed as a separate element for
taxation in the appraisal and assessment of real property for ad valorem taxes, but may be considered as
a factor in determining true value." The rationale behind requiring appraisal of real property at its true
value is "to assure, as far as practicable, a distribution of the burden of taxation in proportion to the true
values of the respective taxpayers' property holdings, whether they be rural or urban." In re King, 281
N.C. at 539, 189 S.E.2d at 161.
The County argues, and not without logic, that changes regarding the severable nature of tobacco
allotments from land itself dictate a different result. The applicable federal statute was amended in 1973
to enable "the owner of any farm to which a Flue -cured tobacco allotment or quota is assigned to sell, for
use on another farm in the same county, all or any part of such allotment or quota to any person who is
or intends to become an active Flue -cured tobacco producer." 7 U.S.C. § 1314 b (g) (1992). We note
that following amendment of the federal statute allowing tobacco allotments to be conveyed separately
from the land, this Court still recognized that "[t]obacco allotments do not belong to individuals, but run
with the land." Cothran v. Evans, 56 N.C. App. 431, 434, 289 S.E.2d 398, 400, disc. review denied, 305
N.C. 759, 292 S.E.2d 575 (1982). It is an issue per chance that will not be resolved except upon proper
review by the North Carolina Supreme Court or the General Assembly.
Upon review, "[w]here a panel of the Court of Appeals has decided the same issue, albeit in a
different case, a subsequent panel of the same court is bound by that precedent, unless it has been
overturned by a higher court." In the Matter of Appeal from Civil Penalty, 324 N.C. 373, 384, 379
S.E.2d 30, 37 (1989). In this case, therefore, we are bound by precedent establishing tobacco allotments
as a factor to be considered when valuing real property for taxation purposes.
Affirmed.
Judges MARTIN, John C., and SMITH concur.
* * * * End of Document * * * *
Converted from WordPerfect
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Statutory Authority to Tax Tobacco Allotments
105 -317. Appraisal of real property; adoption of schedules, standards, and rules.
(a) Whenever any real property is appraised it shall be the duty of the persons making appraisals: In
deterrnioin" the true value of land, to consider as to each tract, parcel, or lot separately fisted at least its
advantages and (IisadVantagCS as to location; Toning: quality of soil: waterpoWer: water privileges:
dedication as a nature preserve; conservation or preservation agreements: mineral. dually, or other valuable
de posits: fertility: adaptability for .agricultural. timber - producing. commercial, industrial or other uses: past
income: probable Future income: and any other factors that may affect its value except growing crops of a
seasonal or annual nature.
105 -289. Duties of Department of Revenue.
(a) It shall be the duty ortlre Department of Revenue:
(1) To discharge the duties prescribed by law and to enforce the provisions of this Subchapter.
(2) To exercise general and specific supervision over the valuation and taxation of property by taxing units
throughout the State.
(3) To appraise the property of public service companies.
(4) To keep full and accurate records of the Commission's official proceedings.
(5) To prepare and distribute annually to each assessor a manual that establishes five expected net income
per acre ranges for agricultural land, horticultural land, and forestland, and establishes a method for
appraising nonproductive land as a percentage of the lowest use -value established for productive land. The
high and low net income amount in each range may differ by no more than fifteen dollars ($15.00). Tile
basis for establishing each range shall be soil productivity.
i or agricultr.n'aI land, the expected net income per acre ranges shall be haled on the acinal yields and prices
of corn and soybeans over a period of at least the five previous years, and the actual fixed and variable
costs, including an imputed nianagenrent cost, incurred in growing, corn and soybeans over the same period
oftime. The manual shall contain recommended adjustments to the: net income per acre ranges fbr the
crowing of crops subject to aa'ease or poundage allotments.
Expected net income per acre ranges shall be similarly established for horticultural land and forestland,
using typical horticultural or forest products in various growing regions of the State instead of corn and
soybeans.
Orange County
http://www.agr.state.nc.us/stats/cntysumm/orange.htm
Orange County
Census of Agriculture - 1992
Number of Fanns
433
Total Land in Fanns, Acres
67,491
Average Farm Size, Acres
156
Harvested Cropland, Acres
20,435
Average Age of Fanners
55
Average Value of Farm and Buildings
$449,587
Market Value of All Machinery and Equipment
$17,245,000
Total Farm Production Expense
$26,471,000
weetpotatoes, wt.
Irish Potatoes, Cwt.
Cotton, 480 -Lb. Bales
Peanuts, Lbs.
Sorghum, Bu.
Oats, Bu. 100 72 7,200 42
Barley, Bu. 400 65 26,000 16
Rank
LIVESTOCK
Acres
within
Rank
CROPS - 1996
Harvested
Yield
Production
within
18,000
26
Beef Cows (Jan. 1, 1997)
5,300
State
Tobacco, Lbs.
1,800
2,370
4,270,000
39
Corn, Bu.
1,100
85
94,000
65
Corn for Silage, Tons
3,900
12
47,900
4
Soybeans, Bu.
1.800
38
68,000
63
Wheat, Bu.
1,800
34
62,000
63
All I -Jay, Tons
7,100
1.83
13,000
40
S C
weetpotatoes, wt.
Irish Potatoes, Cwt.
Cotton, 480 -Lb. Bales
Peanuts, Lbs.
Sorghum, Bu.
Oats, Bu. 100 72 7,200 42
Barley, Bu. 400 65 26,000 16
Rank
LIVESTOCK
Number
within
State
Hogs and Pigs (Dec. 1, 1996)
8,500
48
Cattle (Jan. 1, 1997)
18,000
26
Beef Cows (Jan. 1, 1997)
5,300
37
Milk Cows (Jan. 1, 1997)
2,500
10
Broilers Produced (1996)
Turkeys Raised (1996)
All Chickens (Dec. 1, 1996)
170,000
19
6
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NCDA &CS - Statistics - County Estimates - Tobacco http: / /www.agr. state. nc .us /statsicnty_est/ctytobtt.htm
Tobacco '
View Text -only File
1996 Top Ten Counties
dLeadinti Count s(— Pounds
Last Updated June 12, 1997
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Johnston
127,967,000
Robeson
27,646,000.
Columbus
24,625,000;
Nash
1
23,813,0001
Wilson
(
21,524,000
Sampson
121,267,000:
1
Wayne
20,212,000'
Wake
;
20,036,000::
Lenoir
f
19,773,000;
Last Updated June 12, 1997
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