HomeMy WebLinkAboutORD-2008-114 - Educational Facilities Impact Fee OrdinanceORANGE COUNTY EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES IMPACT FEE ORDINANCE a'
SECTION 1 -LEGISLATIVE FINDINGS
The Orange County Board of Commissioners makes the following legislative
findings:
1. Orange County public school facilities are vital to the health, safety,
welfare, and economic prosperity of Orange County;
2. That public school facilities in Orange County must be expanded in order
to maintain current levels of service if new development is to be
accommodated without decreasing current levels of service;
3. To finance the expansion of the public school facilities in Orange County
necessary to maintain current levels of service while accommodating new
residential. growth, several methods of finance will be employed, one of
which will require new residential development to pay an appropriate
share of the reasonably anticipated new educational facilities in the form
of school impact fees; and
4. These school impact fees will provide, in a reasonable manner, for the
public health, safety, and welfare of persons residing within Orange
County by providing a portion of the costs of new school facilities which
bears a relationship to the benefits of the new school facilities to the new
residential growth in Orange County.
SECTION 2 -DEFINITIONS
For the purposes of this ordinance, the following terms shall have the following
definitions:
Certificate of Occupancy. A certificate issued by Orange County or a
municipality located therein allowing the occupancy or use of a dwelling unit and
certifying that the building or structure has been constructed and will be used in
compliance with all applicable codes and ordinances.
Dwelling Unit. A room or group of rooms forming a single independent
habitable unit with facilities used or intended to be used for living, sleeping,
cooking, and eating by one family.
Feepayer. The person constructing or responsible for having constructed a new
dwelling unit or new dwelling units. In the case of a mobile home, the person
installing or responsible for having installed a new mobile home or new mobile
homes.
Impact Fee Ordinance 1
SECTION 3 -SCHOOL IMPACT FEES IMPOSED ON NEW RESIDENTIAL
DWELLING UNITS
In addition to all other charges prescribed by ordinance or resolution now or
hereafter in effect, there shall be public school impact fees charged to new residential
dwelling units located within Orange County, and within the municipalities and their
extraterritorial planning jurisdictions .located within Orange County. No person may
occupy any new residential dwelling unit until all applicable public school impact fees
contained in the following schedule have been paid in full. No certificate of occupancy
or other type of occupancy permit shall be issued for any new residential dwelling unit
until the public school impact fees hereby required have been paid in full. Payment of
such fees shall not relieve the feepayer from the obligation to comply with applicable
land development regulations of Orange County or the municipalities located within
Orange County.
Schedule of Public School Impact Fees
The amount of public school impact fee shall be as shown in the following tables:
Chapel Hill - Carrboro City Schools District
Effective
January 1,
2009 Effective
January 1,
2010 Effective
January 1,
2011 Effective
January 1,
2012
Sin le-Famil Detached $6,092 $7,616 $9,520 $11,423
Sin le-Famil Attached $3,525 $4,406 $5,508 $6,610
Multifamil $686 $858 $1,072 $1,286
Manufactured Homes $2,634 $3,293 $4,116 $4,939
Orange County Schools District
Effective Effective Effective Effective
January 1, January 1, January 1, January 1,
2009 2010 2011 2012
Sin le-Famil Detached $3,000 $3,749 $4,686 $5,623
Single-Family Attached / $g30 $1
162 $1
453 $1
743
Multifamil , , ,
Manufactured Homes $1,428 $1,785 $2,232 $2,678
' Amended December 11, 2008; effective dates as specified in Tables.
Impact Fee Ordinance 2
SECTION 4 -PUBLIC SCHOOL IMPACT FEE EXCEPTIONS
Public school impact fees as provided in Section 3 shall not be imposed in the
following circumstances:
Buildings or structures, including alterations, repairs, renovations or
additions thereto, which are to be occupied and used solely .for non-
residential purposes.
2. Residential dwelling units for which a building permit was obtained prior to
the effective date of this ordinance.
3. ~ Alterations, repairs, renovations or additions to a residential dwelling unit.
4.2 Replacement of a building, structure or mobile home used for residential
purposes, including the following:
a. Installation of a replacement mobile home on a separate lot or
mobile home park space when an educational facilities impact fee
for such lot or space has been previously paid pursuant to this
ordinance or where a residential mobile home legally existed on
such lot or space on or before the effective date of this ordinance.
For the purposes of this ordinance, "legally existed" shall mean that
a mobile home was located on the lot or space during the five-year
period prior to the date of adoption of this ordinance.
b. Replacement of a building, structure or mobile home damaged,
destroyed or partially destroyed by: the exercise of eminent
domain; human acts, such as riot, fire, accident, explosion; or flood,.
lightning, wind or other. natural calamity, with a new building,
structure or mobile home.
A residential building, structure or mobile home may be replaced. with a
new building, structure or mobile home of the same or dissimilar dwelling
type.. For example, a mobile home may be replaced with a mobile home.
Likewise, a mobile home may be replaced with astick-built structure. In
either case, however, the number of dwelling units may not be increased.
5. Accessory buildings and structures, including, but not limited to, garages,
decks, storage buildings, and similar structures, provided they are not
used for residential purposes.
6.3 Temporary buildings and structures, provided they are not used for
residential purposes. However, public school impact fees shall not be
levied in the following cases:
z Amended April 3, 1995.
Impact Fee Ordinance 3
a. A mobile home being used to provide custodial care under the
provisions of an approved Special Use Permit.
b. A mobile home being used as a temporary residential dwelling
during the installation of a replacement mobile home or the
construction of a stick-built dwelling unit.
s Amended April 3, 1995.
Impact Fee Ordinance 4
SECTION 5 -COLLECTION OF FEES
A. CREATION OF PUBLIC SCHOOL BENEFIT AREA TRUST FUNDS
Public school impact fees collected by Orange County pursuant to this ordinance
shall be kept separate from other revenue of the County. There shall be one trust fund
established for each of the benefit areas. The benefit areas correspond to the school
district boundaries as determined by the School Districts and as illustrated on the
attached map labeled Public School Benefit Areas.
B. RESPONSIBILITY FOR FEE COLLECTION
All public school impact fees are due to Orange County and shall be paid to
Orange County prior to a certificate of occupancy being issued for a dwelling unit. The
fees will be collected by Orange County and/or by interlocal agreement between
Orange County and a municipality located therein. All public school impact fees shall
be properly identified by the appropriate benefit area and transferred for deposit in the
appropriate trust account.
Where there is an interlocal agreement in effect for collection of the public school
impact fees by a municipality, the municipality shall remit the fees to Orange County as
provided in the agreement, including a report of the amount of funds collected and the
benefit area from which the fees were collected. Upon receipt, the County shall deposit
the fees in the appropriate trust fund.
C. LIMITATION ON EXPENDITURE OF FUNDS
Funds withdrawn from public school impact fee trust accounts shall be used
solely in accordance with the following provisions:
1.4 Funds shall be used for capital costs associated with the construction of
new public school space, including new buildings or additions to existing
buildings or otherwise converting existing buildings into new public school
space where the expansion is related to new residential growth. Such
capital costs include actual building construction; design, engineering,
and/or legal fees; land acquisition and site development; equipment and
furnishings; infrastructure improvements; and/or debt service payments
and payments under leases through which to finance such costs.
2. Funds shall be used exclusively for capital improvements within the
benefit area from which the funds were collected.
3. Funds may be used for providing reimbursements as permitted in Section
5.E.
a Amended April 3, 1995; February 26, 1996.
Impact Fee. Ordinance 5
4. No funds shall be used for public school operating expenses, periodic or
routine maintenance, or the administration of this public school impact fee
program.
5. Following their collection, funds shall be expended within ten (10) years,
the time frame coinciding with the public school facilities capital
improvements program (CIP) school impact fee period.
The disbursal of public school impact fee funds shall require the approval of the
Board of County Commissioners upon recommendation of the County Manager.
D. INTEREST ON FEES
Any public school impact fee funds on deposit and not immediately necessary for
expenditure shall be invested as allowed in N.C. General Statute 159-30 for other public
moneys. All income derived shall be deposited in the applicable trust fund.
E.s REIMBURSEMENT OF FEES
Any funds not expended within the time frame established in Section 5.C.5. shall
be returned to the feepayer, or the land owner if the address of the feepayer provided to
Orange County is not current, with interest at a rate not to exceed that being paid on
public school impact fees deposited in accordance with Section 5.D.
If the Schedule of Public School Impact Fees as contained in Section 3 is
reduced, the difference between the old and new fees shall be returned to the feepayer,
or the land owner if the address of the feepayer provided to Orange County is not
current, with interest at a rate not to exceed that being paid on public school impacf
fees deposited in accordance with Section S.D. If the Schedule of Public School Impact
Fees as contained in Section 3 is increased, no additional fees shall be collected from
new construction for which certificates of occupancy have been issued.
Where an impact fee has been collected erroneously, or where an impact fee
has been paid, and the feepayer subsequently files for and is granted an exception as
permitted in Section 4, the fee shall. be returned to the feepayer.
s Amended April 3, 1995.
Impact Fee Ordinance 6
F. ANNUAL REPORT
A report shall be made to the Board of County Commissioners each year
showing where public school impact fees have been collected, what projects have been
constructed with such fees, and what reimbursements have been made. The report
shall also include an evaluation of this ordinance, including its effectiveness and
enforcement, and the methods and data used to calculate the Schedule of Public
School impact Fees contained in Section 3.
The Board of County Commissioners shall review the report to determine if,
within each benefit area, all areas of new construction are being benefited by the fees.
If the Board of County Commissioners determines that areas of new construction are
not being benefited, then it shall readjust the capital improvements program to correct
this condition. If, after review of the methods and data used to calculate the Schedule
of Public School Impact Fees, the Board of County Commissioners determines that
adjustments are required in the Schedule, then it shall direct the County Manager and
staff to prepare a report which outlines recommended changes for its consideration.
SECTION 6 - CREDITSs
Any conveyance of land for a public school site or construction of new school
facilities received and accepted by Orange County, a municipality located in Orange
County, and/or the Orange County or Chapel Hill-Carrboro School Board from a
landowner may, at the election of the landowner, be credited against the public school
impact fee due if the conveyance or construction meets the same needs as the public
school impact fee in providing new public school facilities. If the landowner elects to
receive credit against the amount of the public school impact fee due for such
conveyance or construction, the landowner shall, prior to the agreement to convey land
for or construct new public school facilities, or the conveyance of land for or
construction of new school facilities, enter into a fee agreement with the County. The
fee agreement shall provide for the establishment of credits and payment of the fee in a
specified manner and time, and shall, upon its execution by the landowner and the
County, be binding upon the heirs and assigns of the landowner.
The value of land conveyed or facilities constructed by a landowner and
accepted by the County, municipality or school board for purposes of this section shall
be determined by an appraisal based on the fair.market value of the land or facilities as
established by the County. Construction shall be in accordance with applicable County,
municipal, school board, and State standards. Any land conveyed for credit under this
section shall be conveyed no later than the time at which public school impact fees are
required to be paid. The portion of the public school impact fee represented by a credit
for construction shall be deemed paid when the construction is completed and accepted
for maintenance or when adequate security for the completion of the construction has
been provided.
s Revised February 26, 1996.
Impact Fee Ordinance 7
SECTION 7 -PENALTIES
In addition to any other remedy allowed by N.C. General Statute 153A-123, the
failure to pay a public school impact fee is hereby declared to subject the person
responsible for payment of the public school impact fee to a civil penalty. The amount
of the penalty shall be equal to the amount of the unpaid school impact fee, plus an
interest charge of one-half percent (1/2%) per month compounded monthly and a
service charge of one hundred dollars ($100.00).
The County may assess this penalty against the landowner whereon new
construction has occurred without payment of the public school impact fee. However,
no service charge will be assessed when the County staff has made an error in the fee
determination. Furthermore, no penalty shall be assessed until the person or persons
alleged to be in violation are served by registered mail, certified mail -return receipt
requested, or personal service with notice to pay.
The County Attorney is hereby authorized to institute a civil action in the name of
Orange County in the appropriate division of the General Court of Justice in Orange
County for recovery of the penalty. All moneys recovered shall be deposited in the
appropriate trust fund.
SECTION 8 -LEGAL STATUS PROVISIONS
All ordinances and clauses in conflict herewith are hereby repealed to the extent
of said conflict. If any clause or section of this ordinance or application thereof to any
person or circumstance is held invalid, such invalidity shall not affect other provisions or
application of this ordinance which can. be given separate effect, and, to this end, the
provisions of this ordinance are declared to be severable.
This ordinance shall not diminish any prior contractual or special or conditional
use district zoning obligation to pay for or install road, park or other improvements
required by Orange County or a municipality located therein, nor shall the fulfillment of
those obligations diminish any applicable public school impact fee owed to the County.
This ordinance shall not diminish any prior obligation of the County or a municipality
located therein to reimburse persons for road, parks or other improvements, nor shall
the fulfillment of those obligations by the County or a municipality diminish any
applicable credit owed to the feepayer.
SECTION 9 -APPEAL TO THE ORANGE COUNTY BOARD OF ADJUSTMENT
[Reserved]
SECTION 10 -EFFECTIVE DATE
Impact Fee Ordinance 8
This ordinance shall be effective from and after the 1st day of July, 1993. This
ordinance shall only apply to residential dwelling units for which building permits are
issued on and after the effective date of the ordinance or any amendment thereto.
Adopted this 7th day of June 1993.
Amended: April 3, 1995
June 5, 1995
February 26, 1996
June 3, 1996
June 25, 2001
December 11, 2008
Impact Fee Ordinance 9
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Commissioner Jacobs said that the reason it increased might be because it was delayed
for one year. If it is continually delayed, the costs will continue to rise. He would like some
choices, if there are any.
Laura Blackmon said that the increase was related to construction cost increase.
Commissioner Nelson asked if the Board was comfortable with the Manager's
recommendation that she bring back a renovation timeline, project scope and costs for the Link
Center. The Board agreed.
Major points for staff direction:
1. Designate the land acquisition items as Lands Legacy items by putting the words "Lands
Legacy" and then ps/ash" before the other wording.
2. Look at minutes from October 28"', November 13"', and November 18"' and respond to
questions about CIP raised by the Commissioners and also follow up with Commissioner
Gordon about issues she raised tonight
3. Work on utilizing the bond monies for Twin Creeks Park and investigate using them to
create a linear park
4. Investigate using the remaining Soccer Super Fund for an Astroturf field at Cedar Falls Park
and make a presentation to the Town of Chapel Hill
5. Bring back a revised ClP to include an amount that accurately reflects implementation of the
Library Task Force report.
6. Evaluate projects that are not urgent as well as projects where funding has increased over
the last year, and see whether the funds can be reallocated
7. Have Manager look for other ways to fund stabilization of building at New Hope Park other
than the Link Center renovations.
8. Bring back a renovation timeline and project scope and costs for the Link Center
9. In the unfunded section of the CIP, list the unfunded land opportunities
10. Bond monies for Twin Creeks Park should only be used for Twin Creeks
~"' d. Educational Facilities Impact Fee Ordinance
The Board considered making a decision regarding an amendment to the Educational
Facilities Impact Fee Ordinance to adopt updated impact fee levels effective January 1, 2009
and .providing for incremental increases until 2013; accepting the student generation rate
calculated in the TischlerBise, Inc. reports; and directing staff to begin the process outlined in
the Schools Adequate Public Facilities Ordinance (SAPFO) to update the student generation
rates used in SAPFO.
Perdita Holtz from Planning introduced this item. She made reference to the updated
agenda packet (hot pink). She reviewed the actions for the Board and the attachments.
1. Authorize the addition of Attachment 7 as Appendix C to the 2007 TischlerBise
School Impact Fee reports;
2. Accept the student generation rates calculated in the 2007 TischlerBise School
Impact Fee reports;
3. Adopt the impact fee levels and effective dates as detailed and contained in the
attached Ordinance; and
4. Direct staff to begin the process of updating and incorporating student generation
rates into the Schools APFO.
She summarized the information in the abstract. The recommendation is for the impact
fee levels to increase to 40% of the maximum effective July 1, 2009 and then 50% of the
maximum effective January 1, 2011. An additional increase to 60% of the maximum would be
effective January 1, 2013. In fiscal year 2013-14, the County should expect to update the
technical study using current data at that time.
Commissioner Jacobs asked why the two school systems had to move in tandem if the
construction costs were so different. Geof Gledhill said that the impact fees are in the nature of
regulatory exactions and are measured by the courts on a different standard than legislative
matters.
Commissioner Hemminger asked about the breakeven point. Donna Coffey said that
she has not done a breakeven analysis.
Laura Blackmon said that staff did an analysis on what it would take to pay the debt ,
service.
Commissioner Yuhasz asked if a schedule of increases could be set and before
implementing increases there would be a report on the effect of the last increase and a
determination on whether another increase is necessary or could be delayed.
Geof Gledhill said that, if the Board did this, he would recommend only implementing the
current year's impact and have staff review the data for the upcoming year as opposed to
implementing the impact fee and adjusting it.
Commissioner Yuhasz asked clarifying questions about .the student generation rates,
which were answered by staff. He asked for reports on how the data are collected.
PUBLIC COMMENT:
James Carnahan was from The Village Project. He made reference to an email letter
sent to the County Commissioners last week about the fees. The Village Project would like the
County to provide some kind of relief for housing called accessory dwellings, which are size-
limited dwellings. The original request that there be some relief was based on a case of a friend
of his who built a 750-square foot dwelling for a parent. The structure costs $80,000 and the
builder was subject to the $4,400 impact fee, which was 5.5% of the cost of the structure. The
accessory dwellings fulfill an important need for affordable housing for senior citizens. It is
unlikely that there would be a school impact from these dwellings. He suggested adding
"accessory dwellings 600 square feet or less" to the multi-family designation.
Omar Zinn is a builder and a local developer. He said that the drastic increase directly
affects him. He said that it is a buyer's market and house sales are down. He asked the
County Commissioners to delay any increase in impact fees. He understands that it has been
seven years since the last increase, but now is not the time.. He would like to see everyone
giving towards affordable housing.
Letter from Robert Dowling:
To members of the County Commission,
I'm sorry I won't be attending your meeting this evening, but I wanted to ask a couple of
questions about the proposed increases in impact fees.
As most of you know, I manage Orange Community Housing and Land Trust. We provide
homeownership opportunities to low-income households -primarily in Chapel Hill and Carrboro
where the elected boards ask us to implement their inclusionary housing policies. In addition to
our inclusionary housing work, we develop our own housing. For example we are planning to
build two affordable homes in Carrboro early in the new year. They will sell for about $125,000.
8
We are currently required to pay an impact fee of approximately $4,400 on each home. We
include this cost in our development budget, but we typically are reimbursed for the fee after the
home is sold. I have two questions about the proposed fee increase:
1. If the fee is increased, will the County be increasing the amount of funds available
for reimbursement to nonprofit organizations?
2. Does the County have a policy on reimbursing these fees? It has never been clear
to me if we are guaranteed reimbursement of impact fees or if reimbursement is
based on availability of funds. I am under the impression. that the policy is the latter.
If reimbursement is based on availability of funds, then it makes it difficult for nonprofit housing
developers to budget for these fees. If reimbursement is uncertain, then we have to include the
fees in our costs and increase our subsidy requirements to offset the fees (should they not be
reimbursed). This is not an insignificant concern with the fee at $4,400. Obviously it becomes
a bigger concern as the fee increases. Any clarity that the Board can offer is much
appreciated.
hope my concerns are clear and again, I'm song that I will not be at this evening's meeting.
Thank you for your consideration of this perspective.
Robert Dowling
Executive Director
Orange Community Housing and Land Trust
104 Jones Ferry Road Suite C
Carrboro, NC 27510
919-967-1545 ext. 307
Commissioner Nelson asked about the answer to the first question, if the fee is
increased, then would the reimbursement to nonprofits also increase. Laura Blackmon said
yes, unless the Board says otherwise.
Commissioner Nelson asked about the second question and it was answered that
reimbursement is based on availability of funds. Laura Blackmon said that there could be a
budget adjustment. if more funds came in.
Commissioner Jacobs asked staff to provide the Board with the reimbursement policy
and also to provide it to the nonprofit entities that provide affordable housing and to the Towns.
Regarding setting the fee annually, he does not think that this is feasible because of the nature
of the data. He would agree with the staff working on a threshold structure size.
Commissioner Jacobs said that the County should do revaluations every two years
rather than every four years. Also, there have been cases of deconstruction and rebuilding of
houses, and he thinks that these houses should be exempt from impact fees.
Commissioner Gordon said that she is concerned about the affect of this on the building
industry and she would like to think about this and come back to it a little later.
A motion was made by Commissioner Gordon, seconded by Commissioner
Hemminger to approve items 2 and 4:
Accept the student generation rates calculated in the 2007 TischlerBise School
Impact Fee reports; and
9
Direct staff to begin the process of updating and incorporating student
generation rates into the Schools APFO.
VOTE: UNANIMOUS
Commissioner Hemminger spoke in support of exempting the accessory dwellings.
Craig Benedict made reference to page 21, attachment 7, and the additions to the multi-
family category. There is a reduced rate for these dwellings, but there is not a minimum
threshold in there yet.
Commissioner Hemminger said that two jumps in the impact fee in one year would be
impossible and all agreed.
A motion was made by Commissioner Jacobs, seconded by Commissioner
Yuhasz to authorize the addition of Attachment 7 as Appendix C; approve the increases
to take effect on January 1~ of subsequent years (2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013); and
direct staff to do further investigation on the minimum threshold for accessory units.
VOTE: .UNANIMOUS
e. Site Selection Approval - Oranae County Transfer Station
The Board considered a technical report, including options, and recommendations to
enable the BOCC to approve a site for a Solid Waste Transfer Station in Orange County.
Gwen Harvey said that there has been a long period of time with work sessions, public
meetings, and reports. The Board has received two documents - a technical report by Olver,
Inc. addressing concerns raised and a staff memorandum from the Solid Waste Director, Gayle
Wilson, with recommendations regarding a particular site to be selected.
Bob Sallach from Olver, Inc. made a PowerPoint presentation.
Olver, Inc. recommends that the Board proceed with the site selection process and the
implementation of a transfer station. This is predicated on the fact and the issue that the landfill
capacity will expire in May 2011, so there is a need to move forward with a disposal plan.
Olver, Inc. recommends that the County pursue the acquisition of site #056, which is the Howell
property. As part of this process, an environmental assessment will be prepared for the site,
and a neighborhood representative would be on the Solid Waste Advisory Board that would
represent the neighborhood.
The Howell property is 142 acres with minimal flood plain. The site is wooded and
undeveloped. It is 11 miles from the waste generation centroid and has direct access to NC 54
through the acquisition of an easement. The site has no water or sewer utilities available. The
owner is willing to negotiate the sale of the property. The zoning is currently Agricultural-
Residential.
Public Comment:
Commissioner Nelson asked people to keep comments down to two minutes because
the Board needs the opportunity to discuss this further.
Susan Walser said that on Monday and Tuesday the Board of County Commissioners
was hand-delivered a report compiled by three community groups -Orange County Voice, The
Rogers-Eubanks Neighborhood Association, and Orange County Community Awareness. She
handed the report to Deputy Clerk to the Board David Hunt as part of the record. She said that
the community groups are in agreement that all ten sites selected by Olver, Inc. are bad sites,