HomeMy WebLinkAboutORD-2009-139 -An Ordinance Amending the Orange County Zoning OrdinanceP~ a~f 7~zQV~ - sa-
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AN ORDINANCE AMENDING
THE ORANGE COUNTY ZONING ORDINANCE
WHEREAS, there has been heightened scrutiny over existing regulations relating
to the review, processing, and approval of outdoor lighting plans within the County, and
WHEREAS, current regulations do not explicitly establish a cap on the total
amount of light that can be generated on a given parcel of property, and
WHEREAS, the current regulations do not take into account the differences
between projects requiring outdoor lighting within urbanizing or rural areas of the
County, and
WHEREAS, the submittal requirements for lighting plans are ambiguous and
have lead to confusion, and
WHEREAS, the proposed amendment establishes an overall cap on the total
amount of outdoor lighting on a given parcel of property, provides for a differentiation
between projects within the urbanizing and rural areas of the County, and provides
additional detail on the submittal requirements for outdoor lighting plans.
BE IT ORDAINED BY THE BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS OF ORANGE
COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA, hereby amends the Orange County Zoning Ordinance
by adding (indicated by double underlined language) and deleting (indicated by stricken
through language) as follows:
6.31 Outdoor Lighting Standards
6.31.1 Purpose and Intent:
A. Outdoor lighting is provided for a variety of purposes to the benefit
of modern society. For work or recreation, it enables people to see
essential detail in order that they may undertake their activities at
night. It facilitates the safety or security of persons or property, for
example through lighting on roads and pathways. It may be used
to emphasize features of architectural or historical significance,
and to light parks and gardens. It is used for advertising or display
to promote products or services, or to call attention to commercial
premises by means of area lighting or signs.
B. It is the intent of this ordinance to preserve, protect, and enhance
the lawful nighttime use and enjoyment of any and all property
throu h the use of a ro riate li htin ractices and s stems.
Such individual fixtures and lighting systems are designed,
constructed, and installed to maintain safety, security and
productivity, reduce glare, and curtail the degradation of the
nighttime visual environment in addition to promoting conservation
of energy. It is the intent of these regulations that lighting
unnecessary for safety or security be discouraged.
6.31.2 Definitions:
AASHTO: American Association of State Highway and
Transportation Officials
Cutoff Fixture: An outdoor lighting fixture shielded or
constructed in such a manner that no more than
two and one half (2 '/z) percent of the total light
emitted by the fixture is projected above the
horizontal plane of the fixture.
Direct Light:: Light emitted directly from the lamp, off of the
reflector diffuser, or through the refractor or
diffuser lens, of a luminaire.
Fixture: The assembly that houses the lamp or lamps and
can include all or some of the following parts: a
housing, a mounting bracket or pole socket, a
lamp holder, a ballast, a reflector or mirror,
and/or a refractor or lens.
Flood Lamp: A form of lighting designed to direct its output in
a specific direction with a reflector formed from
the glass envelope of the lamp itself. Such
lamps are so designated by the manufacturers
and are typically used in residential outdoor area
Floodlight: A form of lighting designated to direct its output
in a diffuse, more or less specific direction, with
reflecting or refracting elements located external
to the lamp.
Footcandle (fc): The amount of light falling onto a surface.
Full Cutoff Fixture: An outdoor lighting fixture shielded or
rnnctn irtPri in ci ir•.h a manner that it Pmitc nn
Glare: Light emitting from a luminaire with an intensity
great enough to reduce a viewer's ability to see
or to cause annoyance, and, in extreme cases,
causing momentary blindness.
Holiday Decoration: Holiday displays, decorations and greetings,
which relate to any federally designated holiday,
legal holiday or religious holiday.
Lamp: The source of electric light: the bulb. To be
distinguished from fixture and luminaire.
Lumen: A unit of luminous flux. One foot-candle is one
lumen per square foot. For the purposes of this
ordinance, the lumen-output values shall be the
INITIAL lumen output ratings of a lamp.
Luminaires A complete lighting system that includes a lamp
or lamps and a fixture.
Semi-Cutoff Fixture: An outdoor fixture shielded or constructed in
such a manner that it emits no more than five (5)
percent of its light above the horizontal plane of
the fixture, and no more than twenty (20) percent
of its light ten (10) degrees below the horizontal
plane of the fixture.
Upward: Projection of light above the horizontal plane.
6.31.3 Applicability:
A. All outdoor lighting installed on public or private property
shall comply with the outdoor lighting standards as
contained in Section 6.31, unless exempted in Section
6.31.4.
B. In the event of a conflict between the outdoor lighting
standards as contained in Section 6.31 and any other
section of this ordinance, the more strin ent re uirement
shall apply.
6.31.4 Exemptions:
The following are exempt from the provisions of the outdoor lighting
standards as contained in Section 6.31:
A. All outdoor lighting lawfully installed prior to the effective
date of the outdoor lighting standards contained in Section
6.31, except the replacement of mercury vapor luminaires.
Mercury vapor luminaires, except for single-family
residences, must be replaced in conformity with the
Outdoor Lighting Standards upon the earlier occurrence of
the replacement of the fixture or the lamp.
B. Any outdoor lighting, including mercury vapor, used for an
individual single-family residence, where the residence is
constructed as of the effective date of the outdoor lighting
standards contained in Section 6.31.
C. Bona fide agricultural uses.
D. Traffic control signals and devices.
E. Temporary emergency lighting (i.e. fire, police, repair
workers, highway maintenance and construction, etc.).
F. Moving vehicle lights.
G. Navigation lights (i.e. airports, heliports, radio/television
towers, communication towers, etc.).
H. Holiday decorations using typical unshielded low-wattage
incandescent lights, which are in place no longer than 60
days.
I. Security lights of any wattage that are controlled by a
motion-sensor switch, which do not remain on longer than
12 minutes after activation, and do not exceed 150 watts
(2200 lumens).
J. Roadway lighting, installed as of the effective date of the
outdoor lighting standards, as contained in Section 6.31,
within State maintained rights-of-way provided that the
standards of Sections 6.31.5.E and Section 6.31.6.1 are
met, exce t for mercur va or luminaires. Mercur va or
luminaires used for roadway lighting must be replaced in
conformity with the outdoor lighting standards contained in
Section 6.31 upon the earlier occurrence of the
replacement of the fixture or the lamp.
6.31.5 Submittal Requirements:
With the exce tion of sin le-famil and du lex residential site Ian
submittals, a lighting plan shall be submitted with site plan or preliminary
plan approval documents when outdoor lightinq fixtures are proposed.
The overall scope and purpose of the lightinq plan is to allow staff to work
with the p~erty owner to prevent excessive and unnecessary lightinq on
the property prior to installation of the proposed fixtures and to avoid
costly compliance remedies later upon completion of the project. The plan
shall contain the following information:
A. Lighting plans shall be completed and sealed by a
professional engineer and shall contain all required
information as detailed herein as well as outlined within
Article 1=ourteen~l4~of this Ordinance,
X13. Plans, drawn to scale at a maximum of one U inch
equaling- fortsr j40~ feet, showing the exact ~ropased
location, type, and height of outdoor luminaires including
both building, pole and ground fixtures;
~. A description of the luminaires, including lamps, poles or
other supports and shielding devices, which may be
provided as catalogue illustrations and product
specifications from the manufacturer, As part of this
requirement, all li htc~ ing plans shall contain inset drawings
of all proposed li hg tin fixtures including any and all
directional controls (i.e. shields, reflectors. refractors, etc.
that will aim and limit the angle of illumination. The lightinq
detail shall also show the vertical angle of illumination for all
proposed fixtures that will be used to determine the
required shielding angle,-;-
D. A lightinq plan shall delineate the horizontal position of all.
lightinq fixtures proposed for a parcel of property;
E. Photometric data, such as that furnished by the
manufacturer, showin the an le of li ht emission and
lumen output. An example of a photometric plan is as
follows:
P~•oposeci lizht
location
C~
a- ~- ' , Light Intensit~~
\~.~~ Levels
+ + +
1_ ._ , . . ,__ .__ a _ .._,
r~'~ ~ ?` `~'"~ 1
_, _~ ., +
In this example the proposed light •pole generates the
specific lumen levels on the property. Staf# will be
responsible for utilizing this data to verify the compliance of
the fixture within the provisions of the Ordinance.
F. Foot-candle data shall also be required for all proposed lights An
example of the data necessary to comply with this requirement is
as follows:= -w
v•w.
~ w
1../.L. _ ~~'~,
_,~ ~ ~,
- ~~
r
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z ~ ~`
i ~ ~.~j a;
_,i.~.. _ _.. ~j
In this example the proposed light pole generates the
specific foot-candle limits on the property Staff will be
responsible for utilizing this data to verify the compliance of
the fixture within the provisions of the Ordinance.
:G. Additional information as may be required by the Planning
Department in order to determine compliance with Section
6.31.
fmm-.H. Roadway lighting installed on state maintained roads must
meet ASSHTO requirements for light levels and uniformity.
Roadway lighting submittal requirements can be obtained in
the NCDOT publication titled "Policies and Procedures for
Accommodating Utilities on Highway Rights-of-Way". '
6.31.6 General Standards For All Areas:
A. Within areas of the County designated as `urbanizing' as
delineated on the Growth Management Systems Map or
within Rural Community Activity Nodes, as delineated on
the Orange County Land Use Element Map. the follawi~
lighting standards shall be observed:
1. The maximum light level permitted along common
property lines shall be 0.5 foot-candles at any
adjoining residential property fine and/or 1.0 foat-
candle at any adjoining non-residential property line.
B. Within areas of the County designated as `rural' as
delineated on the Growth Management Systems Map or
within Rural Neighborhood or Rural industrial Nodes as
delineated on the Orange County Land Use Element Map
the following lighting standards shall be observed:
1. The maximum light level permitted along common
~roperty lines shall be 0.25 foot-candles at any
adjoining residentially zoned property line and/or 0.5
foot-candle at an ad'oinin ro ert line with a non-
The NCDOT's standard 2'-6" curb and gutter, defined as a 6" vertical face curb on page 47.2 of the "Policies
and Procedures for Accommodating Utilities on Highway Rights of Way" does not act as a barrier curb at
speeds greater than 25 mph. It is considered a mountable curb as defined in AASHTO "A Policy on
Geometric Design on Highways and Streets, 2001". Therefore, the mountable curb and gutter section of the
"Policies and Procedures for Accommodating Utilities on Highway Rights of Way" shall apply.
residential land use.
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C. All floodlights shall be installed such that the fixture shall be
aimed down at least forty-five (45) degrees from vertical, or
the front of the fixture is shielded such that no portion of the
light bulb extends below the bottom edge of an external
shield.
:D. Any facilities that require floodlighting may not arrange the
light in such a way that it will shine towards roadways, onto
adjacent residential property or into the night sky.
I:E. All flood lamps emitting 1,000 or more lumens shall be
aimed at least sixty (60) degrees down from the horizontal,
or shielded such that the main beam from the light source is
not visible from adjacent properties or the public street
right-of-way.
~.F. All wall pack fixtures shall be full cutoff fixtures.
~,G. All lights shall be shielded in such a way as to direct light
towards the Earth's surface and away from reflective
surfaces, except as expressly exempted from the provisions
of these regulations.
~H. Any temporary outdoor lighting that conforms to the
requirements of this Section shall be allowed.
Nonconforming temporary outdoor lighting may be
permitted by the Planning Director after considering: 1) the
public and/or private benefits that will result from the
temporary lighting, 2) any annoyance or safety problems
that may result from the use of the temporary lighting, and
3) the duration of the temporary nonconforming lighting.
~:I. If any subdivision proposes to have installed street or other
common or public area outdoor lighting, the final plat shall
contain a statement certifying that the applicable provisions
of the outdoor li htin standards as contained in Section
z The NCDOT's standard 2'-6" curb and gutter, defined as a 6" vertical face curb on page 47.2 of the
"Policies and Procedures for Accommodating Utilities on Highway Rights of Way" does not act as a barrier
curb at speeds greater than 25 mph. It is considered a mountable curb as defined in AASHTO "A Policy on
Geometric Design on Highways and Streets, 2001". Therefore, the mountable curb and gutter section of the
"Policies and Procedures for Accommodating Utilities on Highway Rights of Way" shall apply.
6.31 will be adhered to. The required Lighting Plan and
associated documents shall be submitted and approved by
the Planning Department prior to installation of any
regulated lighting.
t:J. If any street will be taken over by NCDOT for maintenance,
roadway lighting must meet AASHTO requirements, and
must be installed and maintained according to the NCDOT
publication titled "Policies and Procedures for
Accommodating Utilities on Highway Rights-of-way". 2
.K. Upward flagpole lighting is permitted for national and state
flags provided that the maximum lumen output is 1300
lumens per flagpole.
i~-1_. Any interior-lighted signs may not be lit at night when the
face of the sign is removed or damaged in such a way that
the light may distract drivers or adjacent property owners.
M. All autdoar lighting with the exception of wall mounted
security lighting shall be extinguished within thirty (30~
minutes from the close of business. as determined by the
taosted hours of operation, for non-residential land uses
unless otherwise detailed herein.
This shall not include security/motion sensor lighting
designed to turn on when sensors detect movement and
automatically turn off after fifteen X15} minutes.
6.31.7 Lighting in Parking Lots and Outdoor Areas:
A. Other than floodlights and flood lamps, all outdoor area and
parking lot lighting fixtures shall be full cutoff fixtures.
B. The mounting height of all outdoor lighting, except outdoor
sports field lighting and outdoor performance area lighting,
shall not exceed thirty-six (36) feet above finished grade.
C. Any light fixture must be placed in such a manner that no
lamp surface is visible from any residential area or
public/private roadway.
6.31.8 Lighting for Vehicular Canopies
Areas under a vehicular canopy shall have a maximum point of horizontal
illuminance of twenty-four (24) maintained foot-candles (fc). Areas
outside the vehicular canopy shall be regulated by Section 6.31.6.
Acceptable methods include one or more of the following:
A. Recessed fixture incorporating a lens cover that is either
recessed or flush with the bottom surface (ceiling) of the
vehicular canopy.
B. Light fixture incorporating shields, or shielded by the edge
of the vehicular canopy itself so that light is restrained to
five degrees or more below the horizontal plane.
C. Surface mounted fixture incorporating a flat glass that
provides asemi-cutoff fixture or shielded light distribution.
D. Indirect lighting where light is beamed upward and then
reflected down from the underside of the vehicular canopy.
Such fixtures shall be shielded such that direct illumination
if focused exclusively on the underside of the vehicular
canopy.
6.31.9 Outdoor Sports Field/Outdoor Performance Area:
Outdoor sports field/performance area lighting serves a unique and
specific purpose. The goal of such lighting is to provide performers
adequate light to engage in approved activities at night and provide
sufficient light levels allowinq_spectators to witness the activity
The goal of these regulations is to allow far reasonable development and
use of such lighting fixtures while attempting to mitigate potential ancillary
impacts on adiacent property owners.
A. Outdoor Sports FieldtOutdoor Performance Area lighting
shall only be allowed for those principal and accessory uses
needing such fixtures to properly function as intended
durin evening hours.
B. Within the urbanizing areas of the County as defined
herein. there shall be a limit on the allowable height of such
fixtures to eighty (80) feet. In rural areas of the County,,
there shall be a limit on the allowable height of such fixtures
to sixty 60) feet.
A,C. All outdoor s orts field and outdoor erformance area
lighting fixtures shall be full cutoff fixtures and shall be
equipped with a glare control package (louvers, shields, or
similar devices). If_th manufacturer does not have a alare
control package, the fixture specification must be chanq~d
to a manufacturer that offers one.
D. All fixtures must be aimed so that their beams are directed
and fall within the primary_playing or~erformance area
.E. Within urbanizing areas of the County the hours of
operation for the lighting system for any game or event shall
be no later than 11:00 p.m., except to conclude a scheduled
event that was in progress before 11:00 p.m. and
circumstances prevented concluding before 11:00 p.m.
The maximum lictht level permitted aloha common~ropert
y
_
lines shall be consistent with the standards} contained
within Section 6.31,6 fa} (2} of this Ordinance
F, Within rural areas of the County all outdoor spans
field/outdoor performance area lighting shall be
extinguished by 10:00 p.m. except to conclude a scheduled
event that was in progress before 10:00 p.m. and
circumstances prevented concluding before 10:00 p.m.
Under no circumstances may lighting for an event extend
beyond 11:00 p.m. within the rural areas of the County.
The maximum light level permitted along common property
lines shall be consistent with the standard(s) contained
within Section 6.31.6 (b} (2} of this Ordinance
6.3.10 Lighting of Outdoor Display Areas:
A. Top mounted fixtures are required for legally existing lighted
signs. Lighting fixtures used to externally illuminate an
outdoor advertising sign shall be mounted on the top of the
sign structure. All such fixtures shall comply with the
shielding requirements of this Section. Bottom mounted
outdoor advertising shall not be used. Notwithstanding this
provision, the lighting or re-lighting of a nonconforming
advertising sign will not be permitted if the light results in
the expansion of the nonconforming use, pursuant to Article
11.
B. Outdoor advertising signs of the type constructed of
translucent materials and wholly illuminated from within do
not require shielding. Dark backgrounds with light lettering
or symbols are preferred, to minimize detrimental effects.
Unless conforming to the above dark background
preference, total lamp wattage per sign shall not exceed 41
watts.
6.31..11 Lighting of Buildings and Landscaping
Lighting fixtures shall be selected, located, aimed, and shielded so that
direct illumination is focused exclusively on the building fagade, plantings,
and away from adjoining properties, public or private rights-of-way, and
the night sky.
6.31.12 Prohibitions
A. The use of laser source light or any similar high intensity
light for outdoor advertising or entertainment, when
projected above the horizon, is prohibited.
B. The operation of searchlights for advertising purposes is
prohibited.
C. Electrical illumination of outdoor advertising off-site signs is
prohibited.
D. Use of mercury vapor luminaries is prohibited.
Upon motion of Com issioner seconded by
Commissioner the foregoing Zoning
Ordinance amendments were adopted this the ~_ day of
2009 and shall become effective upon adoption.
`~\~
r ~~~ ' n aker, Clerk, Orange County Commissioners
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ORANGE COUNTY
BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
ACTION AGENDA ITEM ABSTRACT
Meeting Date: December 7, 2009
~~~~~~
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Action Agenda
Item No. 5 - (~ .
SUBJECT: Zoning Ordinance Text Amendment Relating to Outdoor Lighting
DEPARTMENT: Planning and Inspections PUBLIC HEARING: (YIN} Yes
ATTACHMENT(S):
1. Ordinance Amendment
2. Copy of Legal Advertisement
3. Typical Outdoor Lighting Fixture Data
Sheet
4. August 24, 2009 Quarterly Public Hearing
Minutes
5. November 4, 2009 Planning Board
Abstract
6. October 7, 2009 Planning Board Minutes
7. November 4, 2009 Draft Planning Board
Minutes
INFORMATION CONTACT:
Michael D. Harvey, Planner 245-2607
Craig Benedict, Director 245-2592
PURPOSE: To receive the Planning Board recommendation on a staff initiated Zoning
Ordinance Text Amendment to Section 6.31 Outdoor Lighting Standards of the Zoning
Ordinancx' (hereafter `the Ordinance') and make a decision on adoption.
BACKGROUND: This item was presented at the August 24, 2009 Quarterly Public Hearing
where Board members made the following comments:
A. Provide an explanation on what constitutes a lumen and provide examples of existing
lighting levels on non-residential properties within the County,
B. Clarify existing language exempting single-family residential structures from complying
with the light plan provisions of the Ordinance, and
C. Provide an example of the typical light detail required by staff as part of a lighting plan
submittal.
Please refer to:
• Attachment Two (2) for a copy of the legal advertisement detailing the purpose of the
proposed amendment.
• Attachment Three (3) for a typical lighting data sheet that staff requires to be submitted
for all light plans. This data sheet provides the overall lumen output for proposed fixtures
and provides some foot-candle data.
2
Attachment Five (5) for the Planning Board abstract from the November 4, 2009
regular meeting where staff provided a detailed breakdown of various issues associated
with this proposed amendment including a breakdown of existing lighting levels at non-
residential developments within the County.
In reviewing this information staff offers the following observations:
Staffs original recommendation was to establish an overall lighting cap on non-residential
development within urban and rural areas of the County. In developing this cap, staff
relied on permit data entered by various staff for approved non-residential projects.
Prior to the November 4, 2009 Planning Board meeting, staff discovered that the data
utilized to create this proposed limit was incorrectly recorded and, as a result, the
assumptions on existing lighting levels was incorrect.
Staff recommended to the Planning Board that the lumen cap as originally recommended
for Section 6.31.6 (a) be removed.
2. At the Quarterly Public Hearing, a local resident requested that the Ordinance be
amended to require the issuance of a Special Use Permit prior to allowing for the erection
and use of outdoor sports field lighting.
As staff indicated during the public hearing, the installation and use of such lighting
fixtures is connected to a proposed land use. It is staffs opinion that, in order to be
consistent with the various existing standards of the Ordinance, those land uses that
utilize such fixtures need to be reassessed to determine if they ought to be reviewed
under the Special Use Permit process.
3. Planning Board members made several recommendations to modify specific sections of
the lighting Ordinance, specifically modifications to:
a. Section 6.31.1 Purpose and Intent
b. Section 6.31.2 Definitions
c. Section 6.31.3 Applicability
d. Section 6.31.4 Exceptions
Given the limited and specific nature of the public hearing advertisement (See
Attachment Two), the majority of these recommendations cannot be included within this
amendment package. These suggestions will be further reviewed by staff and
incorporated into the proposed modification of outdoor lighting regulations that will be part
of the Unified Development Ordinance (UDO) process.
4. Staff has included language clarifying the intent not to require single-family residential
structures to submit detailed lighting plans. Further amendments will be necessary to
eliminate all identified inconsistencies within the Ordinance relating to this topic.
PLANNING BOARD REVIEW: The Planning Board voted eight (8) to (1) to recommend the
following:
1. The deletion of proposed regulations establishing a lighting lumen cap on non-residential
development as originally recommended by staff at the Quarterly Public Hearing,
2. The adoption of the proposed amendments as recommended by staff, and
3. That staff continue to revise existing lighting regulations to address Board members
comments as part of the UDO project.
The sole dissenter could not support the motion to approve the Ordinance amendment without
the inclusion of language prohibiting the lighting of flagpoles.
FINANCIAL IMPACT: This request has been reviewed by various County departments who
have determined the approval of the request will not create the need for additional funding for
the provision of County services.
ADMINISTRATION RECOMMENDATION: The Administration recommends the Board:
1. Receive the Planning Board recommendation,
2. If necessary, deliberate further on the proposed amendment,
3. Close the public hearing, and
4. Adopt the Ordinance Resolution contained within Attachment One.