HomeMy WebLinkAboutORD-2009-027 Resolution Amending the County Flood Damage Prevention Subdivision Zoning Atlas OrdinanceAttachment One (1): Resolution
RESOLUTION
A RESOLUTION AMENDING THE COUNTY
FLOOD DAMAGE PREVENTION ORDINANCE, ORANGE COUNTY
ZONING ORDINANCE, ORANGE COUNTY SUBDIVISION
ORDINANCE, AND OFFICIAL ORANGE COUNTY ZONING ATLAS
April 21, 2009
WHEREAS on July 15, 2975 Orange County became a participant in the Emergency Phase of the
National Flood Insurance Program thus making flood insurance available to property owners through the
National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), and
WHEREAS on March 16, 1981 the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) converted
the County into the regular phase of the NFIP bringing full benefits to the citizens of the County, and
WHEREAS there are currently sixty -two (62) flood insurance policies enforced within the
unincorporated portions of Orange County, and
WHEREAS the County is required to maintain an updated Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance
(FDPO) in order to remain eligible for the NFIP, and
WHEREAS the County desires to repeal its existing FDPO and adopt the following regulations in
order to be in frill compliance with Federal and State requirements for flood damage prevention
programs, and
WHEREAS pursuant to the authority granted to counties by Article 6 of Chapter 153A of the North
Carolina General Statutes (NCGS), specifically NCGS 153A -121, the County hereby enacts the
following flood damage regulations to protect the health, safety, and welfare of the citizens of Orange
County, and
WHEREAS pursuant to the authority granted to counties by. Parts 2, 3 and 4 of Article 18 of
Chapter 153A of the NCGS, specifically including NCGS 153A -340, NCGS 153A -330 and NCGS
153A -352, the County hereby enacts the following flood damage regulations for the purpose of
protecting the health, safety, and general welfare of the citizens of Orange County, and
WHEREAS pursuant to the authority granted to counties by Part 6, Article 21 of Chapter 143 of the
NCGS, specifically including NCGS 143 - 215.54, NCGS 143- 215.56, and NCGS 143 - 215.61 the County
hereby enacts the following flood damage regulations to protect the health, safety, and general welfare
of the citizens of Orange County, and
WHEREAS pursuant to the authority granted to counties by Part 3, Article 4 of Chapter 153A of
the NCGS, specifically NCGS 153A -47, a county may in an ordinance adopt by reference to a published
technical code or a standard or regulation promulgated by a public agency,
THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED that the Board of Commissioners of the County of Orange,
North Carolina, hereby repeals its existing FDPO in its entirety and amends (indicated by ,.. ike _
2
text for proposed deletions and underlined text for proposed additions) the Orange County Zoning
Ordinance, the Orange County Subdivision regulations, and official Orange County Zoning Atlas as
follows;
PART I. That Article 1 Section 1.5 Farm Exemption of the Zoning Ordinance be amended as
follows:
Section 1.5 Farm Exemption
The provisions of this ordinance which are adopted under Chapter 153A, Article 18, Part 3
do not apply to property used for bona fide farm purposes, as defined within North Carolina
General Statutes, except as follows:
1. Any non -farm use of farm property,
2. Compliance with any and all regulations required to be imposed by the Federal
Emergency Management Agency (FEMA ) through the National Flood Insurance
Program including any and all applicable Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRM, ), and
3. Compliance with the Orange County Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay Zaning
District as detailed within this Ordinance
PART II. That Article 1 be amended to include a new Section, specifically Section 1.7, entitled
Flood Damage Prevention Authority to read as follows:
1. The Legislature of the State of North Carolina has in:
a, Part 6, Article 21 of Chapter 143
b. Parts 2, 3 and 4 of Article 18 of Chapter 153A, and
c. Part 121, Article 6 of Chapter 153A of the North Carolina General Statutes
delegated authority to county governments to adopt regulations to promote the
public health, safety, and general welfare of its citizemM .
2. Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRM) specifically FIRM Map Index 37135
CINDOC with an effective date of May 16 2008 as well as all FIRM panels
contained therein developed by FEMA under a Cooperating Technical State
agreement with the State of North Carolina and the Flood Insurance Study are
hereby established as shown on the Official Zoning Atlas as the Special Flood
Hazard Area Overlay Zoning District and
3. The Board of Adjustment as established by Orange County shall hear and decide
requests for variances from the requirements of the Orange County Special Flood
Hazard Area Overlay Zoning District
PART III. That Article 2 The Board of County Commissioners and its Administrative
Mechanisms, specifically Section 2,3.6 Application of the Variance Power, of the
Zoning Ordinance be amended as follows:
Section 2.3.6.2 hi addition to the standards contained within Section 2.3.6.1 any request
for a variance from the Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay Zomng District shall abide by
the following additional criteria:
a. Variances may be issued for the repair or rehabilitation of historic structures
upon the determination that the proposed repair or rehabilitation will not
preclude the structure's continued designation as a historic structure and the
variance is the minimum necessary to preserve the historic character and
design of the structure.
b. In passing upon such variances the appeal board shall consider all technical
evaluations all relevant factors all standards specified in other sections of this
Ordinance, and:
i. The danger that materials may be swept onto other lands to the injury
of others;
ii. The danger to life and property due to flooding or erosion damage;
iii. The susceptibility of the proposed facility and its contents to flood
damage and the effect of such damage on the individual owner
iv, The importance of the services provided by the proposed facility to the
Orange County;
V. The necessity to the facility of a waterfront location where applicably
vi, The availability of alternative locations not subject to flooding or
erosion damage for the proposed use;
vii. The compatibility of the proposed use with existing and anticipated
development;
viii. The relationship of the proposed use to the Orange County
Comprehensive Plan and floodplain management program for that
UpAi
ix. The safety of access to the property in times of flood for ordinary and
emergency vehicles;
X. The expected her hts velocity, duration rate of rise and sediment
transport of the flood waters and the effects of wave action if
applicable expected at the site;
xi. The costs of providing governmental services during and after flood
conditions including maintenance and repair of public utilities and
facilities such as sewer, gas electrical and water systems, and streets
and bridges; and
xii. The request for a variance is not after- the -fact or for a situation of
one's own making.
c. A written report addressing each of the above factors shall be submitted with
the application for a variance.
d. Upon consideration of the factors listed above and the purposes of this
Ordinance the appeal board may attach such reasonable conditions to the
granting of variances as it deems necessary to further the purposes of this
Ordinance.
e. Variances shall not be issued within any designated floodway or non
encroachment area if any increase in flood levels during the base flood
discharge would result.
f. Conditions for Variances:
L Variances may not be issued when the variance will make the structure in
violation of other Federal State or local laws regulations or ordinances
ii. Variances shall only be issued upon a determination that the variance is
the minimum necessary, considering the flood hazard to afford relief.
iii. Variances shall only be issued upon:
a. A showing of good and sufficient cause•
b. A determination that failure to grant the variance would result in
exceptional hardship•
c. A determination that the granting of a variance will not result in
increased flood heights additional threats to public safety, or
extraordinary public expense create nuisance cause fiaud on or
victimization of the public or conflict with existing local laws or
ordinances: and.
d. That the circumstances on the subject Property are unique to the
subject property and not to properties in general
g. Any applicant to whom a variance is granted shall be given written notice
specifying the difference between the BFE and the elevation to which the
structure is to be built and a written statement that the cost of flood insurance
will be commensurate with the increased risk resulting fiom the reduced
reference level elevation. Such notification shall be maintained with a record
of all variance actions.
h. The Floodplain Administrator shall maintain the records of all appeal actions
and report any variances to the FEMA and the State of North Carolina upon
request.
2.3.6.3 All of these findings of fact shall be made in the indicated order by the
Board of Adjustment, which is not empowered to grant a variance without
an affirmative finding of fact shall be supported by substantial evidence in
the record of proceedings before the Board.
2.3.6.4 The Board may impose reasonable conditions upon the granting of any
variance to insure that the public health, safety, and general welfare shall
be protected and substantial justice done.
2.3.6.5 Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize the Board to permit a
use in a district where that use is neither a Permitted Use nor a Special Use.
PART IV. That Article 3 Establishment of Zoning District and Atlas, Section 3.10 Interpretation
of District Boundaries of the Zoning Ordinance be amended as follows:
Section 3.10 Interpretation of District Boundaries
a) When there is any uncertainty as to the intended location of any zoning district
boundary on the Zoning Atlas, the Zoning Officer shall make an interpretation of
said Atlas upon request of any person. Any person aggrieved by any such
interpretation may appeal such interpretation to the Board of Adjustment. The
Zoning Officer and the Board of Adjustment, in interpreting the Zoning Atlas or
deciding any appeal, shall apply the following standards:
Boundaries indicated as approximately following the centerlines of streets;
highways or alleys shall be construed as following such centerlines;
2) Boundaries indicated as approximately following lot lines shall be
construed as following such lot lines;
31 Boundaries indicated as approximately following City Limits shall be
construed as following such City Limits;
Boundaries indicated as following railroad lines shall be construed to be
the centerline of the main track;
Boundaries indicated as following shorelines shall be construed to follow
such shorelines; in the event of change in the shoreline, the boundary shall
be construed as moving with the actual shorelines; boundaries indicates as
approximately following the centerlines of streams, rivers, canals, lakes or
other bodies of water shall be construed as following such centerlines;
boundaries shown as approximately following designated flood hazard
area limits shall be construed as following such limits.
6) Boundaries indicated as parallel to or extensions of features indicated in
Subsections A through E above shall be so construed. Distances not
specifically indicated on the Zoning Atlas shall be determined by
reference to the scale of the Atlas.
Where physical or cultural features existing on the ground are at variance
with those shown on the Zoning Atlas, or in other circumstances not
covered by Subsections A through F above, the Board of Adjustment shall
interpret the district boundaries.
b) In addition the following guidelines shall be required in determining the boundaries
of the Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District:
The boundaries of the Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District shall be
determined utilizing the Flood Insurance Study:
2. In areas between official cross sections the Special Flood Hazard Overlay
District shall be determined by scaling the distances on Flood Insurance
Study maps;
3. The regulatory flood protection elevation must in all cases be the
controlling factor in locating the outer limits of the Special Flood Hazard
Area Overlay District; and
PART V. That Article 4 Establishment of Permitted Use Table and Schedule Section 4.1
Establishment of Use Regulations of the Zoning Ordinance be amended by revising
the existing numbering scheme and adding a new number thirteen (13) to read as
follows:
12, Borrow pits (including reclamation by land filling) associated within a State or Federal
highway project (See Article 6.16.16).
13. Uses requiring special permits must meet certain conditions specified in this ordinance.
Only after the existence of these specified conditions has been determined by the Board
of Adjustment, or the Board of Commissioners, as appropriate, will a special permit be
issued; otherwise such uses are prohibited uses.
14. Regulations governing the use of land and structures within a Planned Development
district are as established in Article 7.
15. Within all districts, subdivisions....
16. All uses, as detailed within this Section and the Ordinance in its entirety shall comply
with the various standards and development limitations as outlined within the Special
Flood Hazard Area Overlay District.
PART VI. That Article 4 Establishment of Permitted Use Table and Schedule by creating a new
Section 4.2.34 entitled Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District (SFHA) to read as
follows:
Sec. 4.2.34 Statement of purpose.
It is the impose of this Ordinance to promote public health safety, and general welfare
and to minimize public and private losses due to flood conditions within flood rp one
areas by provisions designed to.
a. Restrict or prohibit uses, which are dangerous to health safety, and property due to
water or erosion hazards, or which result in damaging increases in erosion flood
heights or velocities;
b. Require that uses vulnerable to floods including facilities which serve such uses be
protected against flood damage at the time of initial construction-,
c. Control the alteration of natural floodplains stream channels and natural protective
barriers, which are involved in the accommodation of flood waters•
d, Control filling grading dredging and all other development, which may increase
erosion or flood damage; and
e. Prevent or regulate the construction of flood barriers which will unnaturally divert
floodwaters or which.mgY increase flood hazards to other lands.
Sec 4 2 35 Objectives.
The objectives of SFHA Overlay District are to:
a. Protect hrrman life safety, and health;
b. Minimize expenditure of public money for costly flood control projects'
c. Minimize the need for rescue and relief efforts associated with flooding and
generally undertaken at the expense of the general pubhc�
d. Minimize prolonged business losses and interruptions;
e. Minimize damage to public facilities and utilities such as water and gas mains,
electric telephone, cable and other commumcation facrhtres and sewer lines sheets
and bridges located in flood -prone areas;
f. Help maintain a stable tax base by providing for the sound use and development of
flood prone areas in such a manner as to minimize flood blight areas, and
g. Ensure that potential homebuyers are notified that property is in a Special Flood
Hazard Area.
Sec 4 2 36 Statutory authorization.
Under the authority outline in Section 1 7 the Board of Commissioners of Orange
County, North Carolina does enact the SFHA overlay District regulations as detailed
herein.
Sec 4 2 37 Findings of fact.
a) The flood prone areas within the planning jurisdiction of Orange County are subject
to periodic inundation which results in loss of life property, health and safety
hazards disruption of commerce and governmental services extraordinary public
expenditures of flood protection and relief, and impairment of the tax base all of
which adversely affect the public health safety, and general welfare.
b) These flood losses are caused by the cumulative effect of obstructions in floodplains
causing increases in flood heights and velocities and by the occupancy in flood
tune areas by uses vulnerable to floods or hazards to other lands which are
inadequately elevated flood proofed or otherwise unprotected from flood damages.
Sec. 4.2.38. Applicabilitv.
This regulation shall apply to all SFHAs within the planning jurisdiction of Orange
County and within the jurisdiction of any municipality within Orange County whose
governing body has duly authorized its application within its municipal, or extraterritorial
jurisdictional, boundaries in accordance with North Carolina law.
Sec. 4.2.39 Basis for establishing the Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District
(SFHA).
The SFHA are those identified by the FEMA or produced under the Cooperating
Technical State agreement between the State of North Carolina and FEMA or Flood
Insurance Study (FIS) and its accompanying FIRMS for Orange County dated February 2
2007, with incorporation of Letters of Map Amendments 07- 04 -6156R 08-04-2897A,
08- 04- 2898A, 08- 04 -2899A and 08- 04 -2900A Letters of Map Revision 06-04-13022P,
06- 04- C141P, 07- 04- 6156R, and 08- 04 -1666P and Summary of Map Amendment #115
CWG (C) dated May 16 2008 which with accompanying supporting data including
Letters of Map Amendment or Revision and Summary of Map Amendments are adopted
by reference and declared to be a part of this Ordinance The SFHA also include those
defined through standard engineering analysis for private developments or by
governmental agencies but not incorporated into the FIRM This includes but is not
limited to, detailed flood data:
1. Detailed flood data generated as a requirement of Section 21.11 11/12) of this
Ordinance:
2. Preliminary FIRMs where more stringent than the effective FIRM• or
Post - disaster Flood Recovery Maps if available
See. 4.2.40 Compliance
No structure or land shall hereafter be located extended converted altered or
developed, improved or maintained in any way without full compliance with the terms of
this Ordinance and other applicable regulations
PART VII. That Article 6 Application of Dimensional Requirements by creating a new Section
6.32 entitled Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District (SFHA) to read as follows:
Sec. 6.32.1 Additional Requirements for the Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHA)
Overlay District.
In all SFHAs the following provisions are required:
All new construction and substantial improvements shall be anchored to rp event
flotation, collapse, or lateral movement of the structure
2. All new construction and substantial improvements shall be constructed with
materials and utility equipment resistant to minimize flood damage.
3. All new construction or substantial improvements shall be constructed by
methods and practices that minimize flood damages.
4. Electrical heating ventilation plumbing air conditioning equipment and other
service facilities shall be designed and /or located so as to prevent water from
entering or accumulating within the components during conditions of flooding.
These include but are not limited to HVAC equipment, water softener units
bath/kitchen fixturesi ductwork electric meter panels /boxes, utility /cable boxes,
appliances (washers dryers refrigerator, etc.), hot water heaters and electric
outlets /switches.
5. All new and replacement water supply s stems shall be designed to minimize or
eliminate infiltration of floodwaters into the system.
6. New and replacement sanitary sewage systems shall be designed to minimize or
eliminate infiltration of floodwaters into the systems and discharges from the
systems into floodwaters.
7. On -site waste disposal systems shall be located and constructed to avoid
impairment to them or contamination from them during flooding.
8. An alteration repair, reconstruction or improvements to a structure which
complies with the provisions of this Ordinance shall meet the requirements of
"new construction" as contained in this Ordinance.
9. New solid waste -disposal facilities hazardous waste mana ement facilities
salvage yards, and chemical storage facilities shall not be permitted in SFHAs.
10. A structure or tank for chemical or fuel storage incidental to an allowed use or to
the operation of a water treatment plant or wastewater treatment facility may be
located in a SFHA only if the structure or tank is either elevated or flood proofed
to at least the regulatory flood protection elevation and certrfred according to
Section 14 6(3) of this Ordinance.
11. Storage of the following chemical compounds shall be prohibited within SFHAs:
a)
Acetone,
j)
Magnesium,
b)
Ammonia,
k)
Nitric acid,
1)
Oxides of nitrogen,
c)
d)
Benzene,
Calcium carbide,
m)
Phosphorus,
e)
Carbon disulfide,
n)
Potassium,
f)
Celluloid,
o)
Sodium,
g)
Chlorine,
p)
Sulfur,
h)
Hydrochloric acid,
q)
Acetylene
i)
Prussic acid,
Fu
r)
Gasoline and an
petroleum ron duct,
s)
Lumber,
t)
Charcoal or coal
dust
u)
Polychlorinated
biphenvls (PCBs),
v)
Polynucle ar
aromatic
hydrocarbons
(PA-Hs),
w) Volatile organic
compounds (VOCs), or
x) Any priority pollutants
listed in Table 1 of
Section 307 of the Clean
Water Act (P.L. 92 -500),
as amended
12. Hospitals, nursing homes, foster care facilities sheriff's facilities fire stations
emergency operations centers and vehicle and equipment storage facilities shall
not be permitted in SFHAs.
13. Any inhabited structure within any SFHA shall have unobstructed dry access
during a regulatory flood event.
14. New fill material within any SFHA shall be prohibited
15. Public utilities and facilities shall be constructed to minimize flood damage
consistent with these and all other applicable County regulations
16. In cases where development is otherwise allowed within identified SFHA's
adequate drainage shall be provided
Sec.6.32.2 Specific standards.
In all SFHAs where BFE data has been Provided as set forth in Section 4 2 38 or 21 0'-ft
following provisions are required:
1. Residential Construction. New construction within the SFHA shall be prohibited
Substantial improvement of any existing residential structure (including manufactured
homes) shall have the reference level including basement elevated no lower than two (2)
feet above the regulatory flood protection elevation as defined in Article 22 of this
Ordinance. Should solid foundation perimeter walls be used to elevate a structure opening
sufficient to automatically facilitate equalization of hydrostatic flood forces on exterior
walls shall be provided pursuant to Section 14.6.2.
2. Non - Residential Construction New construction within the SFHA shall be
prohibited. Substantial improvement of any existing commercial industrial or other non-
residential structure shall have the reference level including basement elevated no lower
than the regulatory flood protection elevation Structures located in the AE Zone may be
flood proofed no lower than two feet above the level of the base flood elevation in lieu of
elevation provided that all areas of the structure below the required flood protection
elevation are watertight with walls substantially impermeable to the passage of water,
using structural components having the capability of resisting hydrostatic and
hydrodynamic loads and the effect of buoyancy. A North Carolina licensed Professional
Pill I11VV3 Va a++v......_
certification shall be provided to the official as set forth in Section 1 .
3. Manufactured Hoines.
a. Replacement manufactured homes shall be elevated so that the reference level
of the manufactured home is no lower than the regulatory flood protection
elevation.
b. Manufactured homes shall be securely anchored to an adequately anchored
foundation to resist flotation collapse or lateral movement according to the
State of North Carolina Regulation s for Manufactured/Mobile Homes 1995
Edition and My revision thereto adopted by the Commissioner w Insurance
pursuant to NCGS 143 - 143.15 or a certified engineered foundation.
Additionally, when the elevation would be met by an elevation of the chassis
thirty-six 36 inches or less above the grade at the site reinforced piers or other
foundation elements of at least equivalent strength shall support the chassis.
When the elevation of the chassis is above thirty -six (36) inches in height, an
engineering certification is required.
c. All foundation enclosures or skirting shall be according to Section 14.6.3.
d. An evacuation plan must be developed for evacuation of all residents of all
new, substantially improved or substantial) damp ed manufactured home
arks or subdivisions located within flood prone areas. This plan shall be filed
with and approved by the Floodplain Administrator and the local Emergency
Management coordinator.
4. Public roads private roads and drivewa s. _Any public road private road or
driveway crossing a SFHA shall re wire a 'No-IM pact' certification approval from
the North Carolina Emergency Management Division before any building permits
for new construction can be issued which derive then• vehicular access from such
public roads private roads or drivewa s. If the "No- Rise" certification data
demonstrate that the Base Flood Elevation will rise more than one vertical foot
then the developer shall file a Conditional Letter of Mqp Revision with the North
Carolina Division of Emergency Management for review and approval. Before any
building permit can be issued for the improvements associated with the stream
crossing an approve Letter of Map Revision shall be on file in the Planning and
Inspections Department.
a. Be on site for fewer than 180 consecutive days and be fully licensed and ready
for highway use a recreational vehicle is ready for higbwqy highway use it it is on its
wheels or jacking system is attached to the site only by quick disconnect type
utilities and has no permanently attached addrtrons); or
b. Meet all the requirements for new construction including anchoring and
elevation requirements of Section 14.6 and 6 32 1 and subsection (3 ) of this
section.
6. Elevated Buildings. New construction or substantial improvements of elevated
buildings that include fully enclosed areas that are below the regulatory flood
protection elevation shall not be designed to be used for human habitation but shall be
designated to be used only for narking of vehicles building access or limited storage
of maintenance equipment used in connection with the premises be constructed
entirely of flood resistant materials below the regulatory flood protection level in the
AE zone and meet the following design criteria:
a. Measures for complying with this requirement shall be designed to
automatically equalize hydrostatic flood forces on exterior walls by
allowing for the entry and exit of floodwaters To meet this requirement
the foundation must either be certified by a North Carolina licensed
Professional Engineer or Architect or meet the following minimum design
criteria:
i. Provide a minimum of two openings on different sides of each enclosed
area subject to flooding;
ii. The total net area of all openings must be at least one (1) square inch for
each square foot of enclosed area subject to flooding;
iii. If a building has more than one enclosed area each area must have
openings on exterior walls to allow floodwaters to directly enter and
D&
iv. The bottom of all required openings shall be no higher than one (1) foot
above the adjacent rgrade;
v. Openings may bee equipped with screens louvers or other opening
coverings or devices provided they permit the automatic flow of
floodwaters in both directions; and
vi. Foundation enclosures made of flexible vinyl or sheet metal skirting aoe
not considered enclosures for regulatory and flood insurance rating
purposes and therefore do not require openings. Masonry or wood
underpinning, regardless of structural status is considered an enclosure
and requires hydrostatic openings as outlined above to comply with this
Ordinance.
b The enclosed areas shall be used solely for parking of vehicles, building
access or storage Access to the enclosed area shall be the minimum
necessary to allow for parking of vehicles (garage door) or limited storage
of maintenance equipment used in connection with the premises (standard
exterior door) or entry to the living area (stairway or elevator). The interior
portion of such enclosed area shall not be partitioned or finished into
separate rooms.
7 Temporary structures Prior to the issuance of a floodplain development permit for a
temporary structure the following requirements shall be met:
a. Applicants shall submit to the Floodplain Administrator a plan for the
removal of such structure(s) in the event of a hurricane or flash flood
warning notification The plan shall include the following information:
i. A specified time period for which the temporary use will be permitted;
ii. The name address and phone number of the individual responsible for
the removal of the temporary structure•
iii. The time frame prior to the event at which a structure will be removed
(i.e., minimum of sevens -two (72) hours before landfall of a hurricane
or immediately upon flood warning notification);
iv. A copy of the contract or other suitable instrument with a trucking
company to ensure the availability of removal equipment when needed;
and
v. Designation accompanied by documentation of a location outside the
SFHA to which the temporary stricture will be moved.
b The above information shall be submitted in writing to the Floodplain
Administrator for review and written approval.
8 Accessory Structures When accessory structures (sheds detached garages, etc.) are
to be placed within a SFHA the following criteria shall be met:
a. Accessory structures shall not be used for human habitation (includin
work sleeping living cooking or restroom areas);
b. Accessory structures shall be designed to have low flood damage potential;
C. Accessory structures shall be constructed and placed on the building site so
as to offer the minimum resistance to the flow of floodwater
d. Accessory structures shall be firmly anchored according to Section 6.32.1;
e. All service facilities such as electrical and heating equipment shall be
installed according to Section 6.32.1;
f. Openings to relieve hydrostatic pressure during a flood shall be provided
conforming to subsection 5 of this Section•
g. An accessory structure with any dimension that is twelve feet or less in
height width or depth does not require an elevation or flood rn oofmg
certificate. Elevation or flood proofing certifications are required for all
other accessory structures according to Section 14.6(3); and
h. The accessory structure shall meet all zoning and building code requirements
9. AdditionsIlinprovements.
a Additions and/or improvements to pre -FIRM structures whereas the
addition and/or improvements in combination with any interior
modifications to the existing structure are:
i. Not a substantial improvement as defined and does not require a zoning
or building permit, the addition and /or improvements shall be designed
to minimize flood damages and shall not be any more non - conforming
than the existing structure.
ii. Substantial improvement as defined requiring a zoning or building
permit, both the existing structure and the addition and/or improvements
shall comply with the standards for new construction
b. Additions to post -FIRM structures with no modifications to the existing
structure shall require only the addition to comply with the standards for
new construction.
C. Additions and/or improvements to post -FIRM structures whereas the
addition and /or improvements in combination with any interior
modifications to the existing structure are:
i. Not a substantial improvement the addition and/or
improvements only must comply with the standards for new
construction, and,
ii. A substantial improvement, both the existing structure and the
addition and/or improvements must comply with the standards
for new construction.
d Where a fire wall or independent perimeter load- bearing wall is provided
between the addition and the existing building, the addition(s) shall be
considered a separate building and only the addition need comply with the
standards for new construction.
Sec. 6.32.3 Specific Standards for flood plains without established base flow
elevations (Approximate Zone A).
Within the SFHAs established in Section 4.2.38 are where no base flood data has been
provided the following provisions shall apply:
1. No encroachments including fill new construction substantial improvements or new
development shall be permitted within a distance of fifty (50) feet each side fiom top
of bank or five times the width of the stream whichever is greater, unless certification
with supporting technical data by a North Carolina licensed Professional Engineer s
provided demonstrating that such encroachments shall not result in any increase in
flood levels during the occurrence of the base flood discharge.
2. If Section 6.32.2(l) is satisfied and BFE data is available from other sources all new
construction and substantial improvements within such areas shall also comply with
all applicable provisions of this Ordinance and shall be elevated or flood proofed
according to elevations established according to Section 4.2.38._
3. All subdivisions manufactured home parks and other development proposals located
within SFHAs shall provide BFE data Stich BFE data shall be adopted by reference
per Section 4 2 39 to be utilized in implementing this Ordinance.
4. When BFE data are not available from a Federal State or other source the reference
level including basement shall be elevated at least two (2) feet above the highest
adiacent glade.
Sec 6 32 4 Subdivisions manufactured hoine parks and major developments.
All subdivisions manufactured home park and major development proposals located
within SFHAs shall:
1. Be consistent with the need to minimize flood damage.
2. Have public utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas electric, cable, and water
systems located and constructed to minimize flood damage.
3. Have adequate drainage provided to reduce exposure to flood hazards
to
Sec 6 32 5 Standards for floodplains with BFE but without established floodways
or non - encroachment areas.
Along rivers and streams where BFE data area is provided but neither floodway not non
encroachment areas are identified for a SFHA on the FIRM or in the FIS no
encroachments, including fill new construction substantial improvements or other
development shall be permitted unless certification with supporting technical data by a
North Carolina licensed Professional Engineer is provided demonstrating that the
cumulative effect of the proposed development when combined with all other existing and
anticipated development will not increase the water surface elevation of the base flood by
more than one foot at any point within Orange County.
See. 6.32.6. F000dway and non - encroachment areas
Areas designated as floodways or non - encroachment areas are located within the SFHA
established in Section 4.2.39. The floodways and non - encroachment areas are extremely
hazardous areas due to the velocity of floodwaters that have erosion potential and carry
debris and potential projectiles The following provisions shall apply to all development
within such areas:
1. No encroachments including fill new construction substantial improvements and
other developments shall be permitted unless it has been demonstrated through
hydrologic and hydraulic analyses performed according to standard engineering
shall be presented to the Floodplain Administrator before issuance of flood lain
development permit,
2. If the requirements of Section 6.32.2b(t) are adhered to all development shall
comply with all applicable flood hazard reduction provisions of this Ordinance No
manufactured homes shall be permitted
Sec.6.32.7. Standards for Floodplains without Established Base Flood Elevations
Within the SFHAs established in Section 4.2.38, where no BFE data has been provided
the following provisions shall apply:
1. No encroachments, including fill new construction substantial improvements or new
development shall be permitted within a distance of twenty feet each side from top of
bank or five times the width of the stream whichever is greater, unless certification
with supporting technical data by a North Carolina licensed Professional Engineer is
provided demonstrating that such encroachments shall not result in any increase in
flood levels during the occurrence of the base flood discharge
2. If the requirements of Section 6 32 2(1) are adhered to and BFE data are available
from other sources, all new construction and substantial improvements within such
areas shall also comply with all applicable provisions of this Ordinance and shall be
elevated or flood proofed according to elevations established according to Section
21.11(11/12). When BFE data are not available from a federal state or other source
the reference level, including basement shall be elevated at least two (2) feet above
the HAG.
Sec. 6.32.9 Enforcement
requirements contained within Section 23.5 of this Ordinance.
PART VIII. Addy ionalcstandards for developmen of useswithin Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay
District (SFHA) to read as follows:
Hazard Areas.
met:
«A»
a. The use serves a critical need in the Orange County.
b. No feasible location exists for the use outside the SFHA.
C. 1nG 1G1Glouvv ar
regulatory flood protection level.
d. The use complies with all other applicable federal state and local laws.
e. Uran e i;ounc flub -
Crime Control and Public Safet y of its intention to -ant a Special Use Permit at
least thirty (30) days before granting the permit.
lnG DV0.1u io iv ...
a licant s as to the project's com Hance with these standards.
PART IX. That Article 10 pal-icing be amended by creating a new 10.2 to read as follows:
Sec. 10.2 Prohibited within Special Flood Hazard Areas.
Area.
PART X. That Article 11 Nonconformities be amended Section 11.9 Non - conforming Uses of
Major Structures, or Structures and Premises in Combination by adding a new
subsection (f) to read as follows:
fl Non - conforming buildings or uses or other development may not be enlarged
replaced, or rebuilt unless such enlargement or reconstruction is accomplished
conforming to o the provisions of this Ordinance
Provided, however, nothing in this Ordinance shall prevent the repair, reconstruction
or replacement of a building or structure existing on the effective date of this
Ordinance and located totally or partially within the floodwav non encroachment area
or stream setback, provided that the bulk of the building or structure below the
regulatory flood protection elevation in the floodwav non encroachment area or
stream setback is not increased and provided that such repair, reconstruction or
replacement meets all of the other requirements of this Ordinance
PART XI. That Article 14 Site Plan Approval Procedures Section 14.1 Intent to read as follows:
Section 14.1 INTENT
To establish a set of standards for site plan applications.
APPLICABILITY
As required by Article 21.4 of this Ordinance, a zoning compliance permit must
be issued before any new site development, building, structure, or vehicular use
area may be erected, constructed or used. Site plan approval is required for a
zoning compliance permit with the following exceptions:
a. Single - family detached dwellings and duplexes, and accessory
structures to those residential uses; provided, however, when such uses
are located in the University Lake Watershed (ULW) District, site plan
approval shall be required.
b. Temporary uses which do not exceed thirty (30) days in duration; and
c. Interior renovation or repair of an existing structure, provided the use
of the lot and/or structure has not changed.
Site plan approval as detailed herein shall be required for all structures and
proposed uses of property for all properties located within the Special Flood
Hazard Area Overlay District
PART XII. That Article 14 Site Plan Approval Procedures Section 14.2 Professional Design and
Certification be amended to read as follows:
Section 14.2.1 PROFESSIONAL DESIGN AND CERTIFICATION
to
Each site plan shall be prepared by a registered engineer, landscape architect, architect, or
land surveyor; however, in some cases, professional design and certification of the plan
may not be required. These exceptions include, but are not limited to the following:
a. Proposed additions to existing permitted non- residential structures where the use
of the structure and lot has not changed and the floor area is not increased more
than twenty -five percent (25 %); and
b. Accessory structures to existing permitted non - residential structures where
vehicular use area is not extended and changes to existing grade are not more than
one (1.0) foot in elevation.
C. Single- family detached dwellings and duplexes, and accessory structures to such
uses when located in the University Lake Watershed (ULW) District.
d. Large day care homes, as defined in Article 22, Definitions.
e. Rural Guest Establishments with three (3) guestrooms or less - Bed & Breakfasts.
surveyor in accordance with the provisions herein.
PART XIV. That Article 14 Site Plan Approval Procedures be amended creating a new Section
14.6 Floodplain development permit and certification requirements for properties within
the Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District to read as follows:
11100u plain ucv cry ..._. - - - ---- -
properties within the Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District.
14.6.1. Plans anu a nuati— - "-.-- °°--
development ermit shall be made to the Floodplain Administrator on forms
furnished by him or her prior to any development activities proposed to be
located within flood prone areas.
The following items/ information shall be presented to the Floodplain
Administrator to apply for a floodplam development permit.
I1
a) A plot plan drawn to scale which shall include but shall not be limited
to the following specific details of the proposed flood lain
development:
i. The nature, location, dimensions and elevations of the area of
development/disturbance; existing and proposed structures
driveways, utility systems grading/pavement areas fill
materials, storage areas drainage facilities and other
development,
ii. The boundary of the SFHA as delineated on the FIRM or other
flood map as determined in Section 4 2 38 or a statement that the
entire lot is within the SFHA•
iii. Flood zone(s) designation of the proposed development area as
determined on the FIRM or other flood map as determined in
Section 4.2.38:
iv. The boundary of the floodway(s) or non - encroachment areal as
determined in Section 4.2,38•
v. The Base Flood Elevation (BFE ) where provided as set forth in
Section 4.2 38, Section 21,11 11/12)• or Section 6,32.1;
vi. The old and new location of any watercourse that will be altered
or relocated as a result of proposed develo ment•1
vii. Preparation of the plot plan by or under the direct supervision of
a North Carolina licensed professional Land Surveyor or
Professional Engineer and certified by them
b) Proposed elevation, and method thereof, of all development within a
SFHA including but not limited to:
i. Elevation in relation to mean sea level of the proposed reference
level (including basement) of all structures•
I Elevation in relation to mean sea level to which any non-
residential structure in Zone AE will be flood-proofed:
iii. Elevation in relation to mean sea level to which any proposed
utility systems will be elevated or flood proofed, •
C) If flood proofing a flood proofing certificate and back up plans from a
registered professional engineer or architect certifying that the non-
residential flood proofed development will meet the flood roofing
criteria in Section 6.32.2.
d) A Foundation Plan drawn to scale which shall include details of the
proposed foundation system to ensure all provisions of this Ordinance
are met. These details include but are not limited to:
i. Proposed method of elevation if applicable (i.e., fill solid
foundation Perimeter wall solid backfilled foundation open
foundation on columns /posts /piers /piles /shear wall)-,
12
ii. Openings to facilitate equalization of hydrostatic flood forces on
walls according to Section 6.32.2(5), when solid foundation
perimeter walls are used in Zones;
c) Usage details of M enclosed space below the regulatory flood
protection elevation.
fl Plans and/or details for the protection of public utilities and facilities
such as sewer, gas electrical and water systems to be located and
constructed to minimize flood damage;
g) Copy of all other Local State and Federal permits required prior to
floodplain development permit issuance (i.e. Wetlands Erosion and
Sedimentation Control, Riparian Buffers, Mining etc.)
h) If the Floodplain Administrator issues a floodplain development ep rmit
for placement of recreational vehicles and/or temporary structures,
documentation to ensure compliance with Section 6.32.2(5 and 7) of
this Ordinance.
i) If a watercourse is proposed to be altered and/or relocated a description
of the extent of watercourse alteration or relocation, an engineering
report on the effects of the proposed project on the flood - carrying
capacity of the watercourse and the effects to properties located both
upstream and downstream; and a map drawn to scale (if not shown on
plot plan) showing the location of the proposed watercourse alteration
or relocation.
14.6.2. Floodplain Development Permit Data Requirement. The following
information shall be provided at a minimum on the floodplain development permit to
ensure compliance with this Ordinance.
a. A description of the development under the floodplain _ development
permit issuance.
b. The SFHA determination for the proposed development per available
data specified in Section 4.2.38.
c. The regulatory flood protection elevation required for the reference
level and all attendant utilities.
d. The regulatory flood protection elevation required for the protection of
all public utilities.
e. All certification submittal requirements with timelines.
f A statement that no fill material shall encroach into the floodwa} or
non - encroachment area of any watercourse, if applicable.
13
g. If in an AE zone, specify the minimum foundation opening
requirements
h. State limitations of below BFE enclosure uses (if applicable) such as
parking, building access and limited storage only).
14.6.3. Certification requirements
a. An Elevation Certificate (FEMA Form 81 -31) or Flood Proofing
Certificate (FEMA Form 81 -65 ) is required after the reference level is
completed. Within twenty -one (21) calendar days of establishment of
the reference level elevation, or flood rp oofing, by whatever
construction means, whichever is applicable, it shall be the duty of the
permit holder to submit to the Floodplain Administrator a certification
of the elevation of the reference level, or flood proofing elevation,
whichever is applicable, in relation to mean sea level. Said certification
shall be prepared by, or under the direct supervision of a North
Carolina licensed professional Land Surveyor or Professional Engineer
and certified by them. Any work done within the twenty -one (21) day
calendar period and before submission of the certification shall be at the
permit holder's risk. The floodplain administrator shall review the
certificate data submitted. Deficiencies detected by such review shall be
corrected by the permit holder immediately and before further work
being permitted to proceed. Failure to submit the certification or failure
to make required corrections shall be cause to issue a stop -work order
for the project.
b. A Final As -Built Elevation Certificate (FEMA Form 81 -31 ) is require
ired
after construction is completed and prior to Certificate of
Compliance /Occupancy issuance. It shall be the duty of the ep rmit
holder to submit to the Floodplain Administrator a certification of final
as -built construction of the elevation of the reference level and all
attendant utilities. Elevation certification shall be prepared by or under
the direct supervision of, a North Carolina licensed professional Land
Surveyor or Professional Engineer and certified by the same. The
Floodplain Administrator shall review the certificate data submitted.
Deficiencies detected by such review shall be corrected by the ep rmit
holder immediately and prior to Certificate of Compliance /Occupancy
issuance. In some instances, another certification may be required to
certify corrected as -built construction. Failure to submit the
certification or failure to make said corrections required shall be cause
to withhold the issuance of a Certificate of Compliance /Occupancy..
c. If a manufactured home is placed within Zone AE and the elevation of
the chassis is more than thirty -six (36) inches in height, an engineered
foundation certification is required per Section 6.32.2(3).
d. If a watercourse is to be altered or relocated, a description of the extent
of watercourse alteration or relocation, an engineering report on the
effects of the proposed project on the flood - carrying capacity of the
14
watercourse and the effects to properties located both upstream and
downstream-, and a mqP, drawn to scale showing the location of tire
proposed watercourse alteration or relocation shall all be submitted by
the permit applicant prior to issuance of a floodplam development
nc
ep rmrt•
e. Certification Exemptions. The followin structures if located within
Zone AE are exempt from the elevation/flood proofing certification
requirements specified in items a. and b. above:
i. Recreational vehicles meeting requirements of Section 6.32.2(5);
ii, Temporary structures meeting requirements of Section 6.32.2(7);
and
iii. Accessmv Structures with any dimension that is twelve (12) feet
or greater in height width or depth meeting requirements of
Section 6 32.2(8).
PART XV. That Article 20 Amendments Section 20.3.2 Contents of Application be amended by
creating a new subsection (g), and re- numbering the existing regulation, reading as
follows:
f) A traffic impact study as required by Article 13.
g)
certificate with either an MT -1 M1 -z or rvir -�� -
a "No Impact" analysis for a Letter of Map Revision.
h) All other circumstances, factors and reasons which the applicant offers in support of
the proposed Zoning Atlas and /or Zoning Ordinance text amendment.
PART XVI. That Article 21 Administration be amended by creating a new Section 21.9 entitled
Additional Administrative Provisions for the Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District
reading as follows:
Overla District.
Section 21.9.1 Administration:
The Zoning, Officer or his /her designee, shall hereinafter be referred to
as the Floodplain Administrator" is shall hereby be appointed to
administer and implement the provrsrons of this Ordinance relating to
the develo ment and enforcement of various rovisrons associated
A&
i) Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District, and
15
j) State and Federal regulations concerning floodplain development
See. 21.9.2 Duties and responsibilities of the Floodplain Administrator .
Duties of the Floodplain Administrator shall include but not be limited to:
1. Review all floodplain development applications and issue eU emits
for all proposed development within flood prone areas to ensure
that the requirements of this Ordinance have been satisfied
2. Advise permittee that additional Federal or State permits i e
Wetlands, Erosion and Sedimentation Control Riparian Buffers
Mining, etc.) may required and if specific Federal or State
permits are known, require that copies of such permits be
provided and maintained on file with the floodplain development
permit.
3. Notify adjacent communities and the North Carolina Department
of Crime Control and Public Safety Division of Emergency
Management, State Coordinator for the NFIP prior to any
alteration or relocation of a watercourse and submit evidence of
such notification to FEMA.
4. Ensure that maintenance is provided within the altered or
relocated portion of said watercourse so that the flood - carrying
capacity is not diminished.
5. Prevent encroachments within floodways and non - encroachment
areas unless the certification and flood hazard reduction
provisions comply with Section 6.323.
6. Obtain actual elevation (in relation to mean sea level ) of the
reference level (including basement) of all attendant utilities of all
new or substantially improved structures according to Section
14.6(3).
7. Obtain the actual elevation (in relation to mean sea level) to
which the new or substantially improved structures and all
utilities have been flood proofed according to Section 14.6(3).
8. Obtain actual elevation (in relation to mean sea level) of all
public utilities, according to Section 14.6(3).
9. When flood rp oofing is utilized for a particular structure obtain
certifications from a North Carolina licensed Professional
Engineer or Architect according to Section 6,32.2.
10. Where interpretation is needed as to the exact location of
boundaries of the SFHAs for example where there appears to be
a conflict between a mapped boundary and actual field
16
conditions] make the necessary interpretation. The person
contesting the location of the boundary shall be given a
reasonable opportunity to appeal the interpretation as provided in
Section 2.3.6.2.
11. When BFE data have not been provided according to section
4.2.38, obtain review, and reasonably utilize any BFE data, along
with floodwav data and /or non - encroachment area data available
from a Federal State or other source including data developed
pursuant to Section W.32.2, in order to administer the provisions
of this Ordinance.
12. When BFE data is provided but no floodwav nor non -
encroachment area data has been provided according to Section
4.2.38, obtain review, and reasonably utilize any floodwav data,
and /or non - encroachment area data available from a Federal,
State or other source in order to administer the provisions of this
Ordinance.
13. When the exact location of boundaries of the SFHAs conflict
with the current natural topography information at the site, the
property owner may apply and be approved for a Letter of Map
Amendment (LOMA) by FEMA The Floodplain Administrator
14. Permanently maintain all records pertaining to the administration
of this Ordinance and make these records available for public
inspection during normal business hours.
15. Make on site inspections of work in progress. As the work
pursuant to a floodplain development permit progresses, the
Floodplain Administrator shall make as many inspections of the
work as may be necessary to ensure that the work is being done
according to the provisions of the local ordinance and the terms
of the permit In exercising this power, the Floodplam
Administrator has a right upon presentation of proper credentials,
to enter on any premises within the jurisdiction of the Orange
Count at any reasonable hour for the purposes of inspection or
other enforcement action.
16. Maintain a current map repository to include but not limited to,
the FIS Report FIRM and/or other official flood maps /studies
adopted under Section 4 2 38 of this Ordinance including any
revisions thereto including LOMA issued by State and/or FEMA.
17. Notify State and FEMA of mapping needs,
18. Issue stop work orders as required Whenever a building or part
thereof is being constructed reconstructed altered or repaired m
violation of this Ordinance the Floodplain Administrator may
17
order the work to be immediately stopped The stop -work order
shall be in writing and directed to the person doing the work and
the owner shall be sent a copy via the U.S. mail The stop-work
work may be resumed. Violation of a stop -work order constitutes
a Class Three (3) misdemeanor.
19. Revocation of floodplain development permits as required The
Floodplain Administrator may revoke and require the return of
the floodplain development permit by notifying the permit holder
in writing stating the reason (s) for the revocation Permits shall
be revoked for any substantial departure fiom the approved
application plans or specifications; for refusal or failure to
comply with the requirements of State or local laws; or for false
statements or misrepresentations made in securing the permit.
Any floodplain development permit mistakenly issued in
violation of an applicable State or local law may also be revoked
20. Make periodic inspections throughout all SFHAs within the
Orange County jurisdiction. The Floodplain Administrator and
each member of the Planning and Inspections Department shall
have a right, upon presentation of proper credentials to enter on
any premises within the territorial jurisdiction of the department
at any reasonable hour for the purposes of inspection or other
enforcement action.
21. Follow through with corrective procedures of Section 23.5.
22. Coordinate Letters of Map Change and FIS/FIRM revisions with
other County departments State of North Carolina and FEMA
Sec. 21.9.3 Establishment of floodplain development permit
A floodplain development permit shall be required conforming to o the
provisions of this Ordinance prior to the commencement of any
development activities within SFHA as determined in Section 4.2.38.
PART XVII. That Article 22 Definitions be amended by adding the following definitions:
Addition (to an existing building) -- an extension or increase in the floor area or height of a building or
structure, including adding new lup mbing electrical or HVAC systems.
Area of special flood hazard -- See "Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA ) Overlay District"
Appeal -- A request from a review of an administrative interpretation of any provision of this Ordinance
by the Board of Adjustment
18
Isase uuuu - ,LYQ „u ".... - -
It is often referred to as the 100 -year flood.
Base flood eleyattou ttsrLl -- n u
surface elevations of the base flood.
Basement Any area of the building having its floor sub grade (below ground level) on all sides.
Chemical storage Iacmt -- n tpui =u == �_
for the storage of any chemical or chemically reactive products.
operations or storage of equipment or materials.
or on an lams w W alp. "I ,.. ".... -
environment or be emitted into the air or discharged into any waters, including groundwater.
floodwaters and the unimpeded movement of floodwaters.
Encroachment -- The advance or infringement of uses fill excavation buildings, permanent structures
or development into a floodplain which may impede or alter the flow capacity of a floodplain.
Existing Construetluu -- a�. ua.�ui�.o =.,. •• -••� -• - - -_ _____ -
1981 This term may also be referred to as "existing structures."
completed before March 16, 1981.
runoff of surface waters from any source.
r100U Irlume -- iva, ,"'. .....
boundary of the 100 -year floodplain.
Flood Insurance The insurance coverage provided under the National Flood Insurance Program
NFIP .
Flood insurance rate mamp i r1,un F -- — ,___�_�-
which both the Special Flood Hazard Areas and the risk premium zone' Applicable o he counas the
Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District.
19
Flood Insurance Study (EIS) -- An examination evaluation and determination of flood hazard areas
corresponding water surface elevations (if ap roro rp iate) flood insurance risk zones and other flood data in
Orange County issued by FEMA The FIS report contains an evaluation and determination of flood
hazards and corres own flood profiles as well as FIRMs if published
Floodplain or Flood Prone Area -- AU land area susceptible to being inundated by water fiom any
source and is interchangeable terms
Floodplain Administrator -- The individual appointed to administer and enforce the floodplain
management regulations
Floodplain Development Permit -- A required document for any disturbance within a mapped special
flood hazard area.
Floodplain Management -- The operation of an overall program of corrective and preventive measures
for reducing flood damage and preserving and enhancing where possible natural resources in the
floodplam including but not limited to emer encv reparedness plans flood control works floodFlain
management regulations and open space plans.
Floodplain Regulations -- This Ordinance subdivision regulations building codes health regulations
special purpose ordinances and other applications of op lice power, which control development in flood
prone areas. This term describes federal state or local regulations in any combination thereof, which
provide standards for preventing and reducing flood loss and damage
Flood Proofing -- Any combination of structural and nonstructural additions changes or adjustments to
structures, which reduce or eliminate risk of flood damage to real estate or improved real property, water
and sanitation facilities or structures with their contents.
Floodway -- The channel of a river or other watercourse and the adjacent land areas that must be reserved
in order to discharge the base flood without cumulatively increasing the water surface elevation more than
one (1) foot This term may also be referred to as "regulatory floodway."
Flood Zone -- A geographical area shown on a FIRM that reflects the severity or type of flooding in n the
area.
Floor -- See "Lowest Floor ".
Freeboard -- The additional amount of height added to the Base Flood Elevation (BFE) to account for
uncertainties in the determination of flood elevations
Functionally Dependent Facility -- A facility, which cannot be used for its intended purpose unless it is
located in close proximity to water, such as a docking, or port facility necessary for the loading and
unloading of cargo or passengers shipbuilding, or sly repair. The term does not include long-term
storage, manufacture sales or service facilities
Hazardous Waste Management Facility -- A facility or any portion of a facility for the collection
storage, processing treatment recycling recovery, or disposal of hazardous waste on or in land in
accordance with rules adopted by the State of North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural
Resources.
20
Highest Adjacent Grade (HAG) -- The highest natural elevation of the around surface, prior to
construction next to the proposed walls of the structure.
Historic structure -- Any structure that is:
1. Listed individually in the National Register of Historic Places (a listing maintained by the U.S.
Department of Interior) or preliminarily determined by the Secretary of Interior as meeting the
requirements for individual listing on the National Register:
2. Certified or preliminarily determined by the Secretary of Interior as contributing to the historical
significance of a registered historic district or a district preliminarily determined by the Secretary to
qualify as a registered historic district;
3. Individually listed on a local inventory of historic landmarks in communities with a "Certified
Local Government (CLG) Program," which has been approved by the Department of the Interior;
or
4. Individually listed on a local inventory of historic places in communities with historic preservation
programs that have been certified either by an approved state program as determined by the
Secretary of the Interior, or directs by the Secretary of the in states without approved programs
Lowest adjacent grade (LAG) The elevation of the ground sidewalk patio slab or deck support
immediately next to the building after completion of the building.
Lowest floor The sub floor, top of slab or grade of the lowest enclosed area (including basement). An
unfinished or flood resistant enclosure usable solely for parking of vehicles building access, or limited
storage in an area other than a basement area is not considered a building's lowest floor provided that such
an enclosure is not built so as to render the structure in violation of the applicable non - elevation design
requirements of this Ordinance.
Manufactured home park or subdivision -- A parcel (or contiguous parcels) of land divided into two or
more manufactured home lots for rent or sale.
Market Value The building value excluding the land (as agreed to between a willing buyer and
seller) as established by what the local real estate market will bear. An independent certified appraisal
can establish a market value using; replacement cost depreciated by age of building (Actual Cash Value)
or adjusted assessed values.
Mean sea level For purposes of the NFIP the National Geodetic Vertical Datum (NGVD) as corrected
in 1929 the North American Vertical Datum (NAVD) as corrected in 1988 or other vertical control
datum used as a reference for establishing varying elevations within the floodplain to which BFE's
shown on a FIRM are referenced Refer to each FIRM panel to determine datum used.
New construction -- Structures for which the "start of construction" commenced on or after March 16,
1981 and includes any subsequent improvements to such structures.
elevation more than one (1) foot as designated in the Flood Insurance Study report.
Obstruction Includes but is not limited to any dam wall wharf, embankment, levee, dike, pile,
abutment protection excavation channelization bridge conduit culvert building wire, fence, rock,
21
gravel, refuse, fill, structure, vegetation or other material in, along across or projecting into any
watercourse, which may alter, impede, retard, or change the direction and /or velocity of the flow of water,
or due to its location, its propensity to snare or collect debris carried by the flow of water, or its likelihood
of being carried downstream.
Post -FIRM -- Construction or other development, which started on or after March 16, 1981.
Pre -FIRM -- Construction or other development, which started before March 16, 1981
Public safety and /or nuisance -- Anything, which is injurious to the safety or health of an entire Orange
County or neighborhood or any considerable number of persons or unlawfully obstructs the free passage
or use, in the customary manner, of any navigable lake, or river, bay, stream, canal, or basin
Reference level -- The portion of a structure or other development that must be compared to the
regulatory flood protection elevation to determine regulatory compliance For structures within Special
Flood Hazard Areas designated as Zone AE, the reference level is the top of the lowest floor.
Regulatory flood protection elevation -- The elevation to which all structures and other development
located within the Special Flood Hazard Areas have been determined Within areas where BFE's have
been determined, this elevation shall be the BFE plus two (2) feet of freeboard. In areas where no BFE
has been established, all structures and other development must be elevated or flood proofed if non-
residential, to two (2) feet above the highest adjacent rg ade.
Remedy a violation -- To bring the stricture or other development into compliance with State and
Orange County laws and regulations.
Repetitive loss -- Flood- related damages sustained by a structure on two (2) separate occasions during
any ten (1 O)-year period for which the cost of repairs at the time of each such flood event on the average
equals or exceeds twenty -five (25) percent of the market value, or the tax value in the absence of recent
comparative sales, of the structure before the damage occurred.
Retrofitting -- Measures, such as flood proofing, elevation, construction of small levees and other
modifications, taken on an existing building uildin or r its yard to protect it fiom flood damage.
Riverine -- Relating to, formed by, or resembling a river (including tributaries), stream, brook etc.
Salvage yard -- Property used for the storage collection and/or recycling of any type of equui ment
whatsoever, whether industrial or non - commercial, and including but not limited to vehicles, appliances
and related machinery.
Solid waste disposal facility -- Any facility involved in the disposal of any hazardous or non - hazardous
refuses or sludge from a waste treatment plant water supply treatment plant or air pollution control
facility, domestic sewage and sludges generated by the treatment thereof in sanitary sewage collection
treatment and disposal systems, and other material that is either discarded or is being accumulated stored
or treated prior to being discarded, or has served its original intended use and is ener'ally discarded
including solid, liquid, semisolid or contained gaseous material resulting from industrial institutional
commercial and agricultural operations, and fiom community activities.
Solid waste disposal site -- Any place at which solid wastes are disposed of by incineration sanitary
landfill or any other method.
22
Special flood hazard area (SFHA) The land in the floodplain subiect to a one (1) percent or greater
chance of being flooded in My given year as determined in Section 4.2.39 of this Ordinance as defined
by the base flood elevation The mapped special flood hazard area approximates the base flood elevation.
Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District: An overlay district establishing standards for
development for properties within identified floodplains.
Start of Construction Includes substantial improvement and means the date the building permit was
issued provided the actual start of construction repair, reconstruction rehabilitation, addition placement,
or other improvement was within 180 days of the permit date. The actual start means either the first
placement of permanent construction of a structure (including a manufactured home) on a site, such as the
pouring of slabs or footings installation of piles construction of columns or any work beyond the stage
of excavation, the placement of a manufactured home on a foundation. Permanent construction does
not include land preparation, such as clearing, grading, and fillin • nor does it include the installation of
streets and/or walkways; nor does it include excavation for a basement footings, piers, or foundations or
the erection of temporary forms; nor does it include the installation on the property of accessor
buildings such as garages or sheds not occupied as dwelling units or not part of the main structure. For a
substantial improvement the actual start of construction means the first alteration of any wall, ceiling,
floor, or other structural art of the building, whether or not that alteration affects the external dimensions
of the building.
Substantial damage Damage of any origin sustained by a structure during any one year period
whereby the cost of restoring the structure to its before - damaged condition would equal or exceed fifty
50 percent of the market value of the structure before the damage occurred. See definition of
substantial improvement " Substantial damage also means flood - related damage sustained by a structure
on two separate occasions during a ten (10) -Year period for which the cost of repairs at the time of each
such flood event on the average equals or exceeds twenty -five (25) percent of the market value of the
structure before the damage occurred.
Substantial improvement -- Any combination of repairs, reconstruction rehabilitation addition or other
improvement of a structure taking place during any one year period whereby the cost of which equals or
exceeds fifty 50 percent of the market value of the structure before the start of construction of the
improvement This term includes structures which have incurred substantial damage, regardless of the
actual repair work performed The term does not however, include either any correction of existing
violations of State or Orange County health sanitary, or safety code specifications which have been
identified by the Orange County code enforcement official and which are the minimum necessary to
assure safe living conditions or any alteration of a historic structure provided that the alteration will not
preclude the structure's continued designation as a historic structure.
Water surface elevation (WSE) -- The height in relation to mean sea level, of floods of various
magnitudes and fiequencies in the floodplain of coastal or rrverine areas.
Watercourse A lake river, creek stream wash channel or other topographic feature on or over which
waters flow at least periodicals Watercourse includes specifically designated areas in which substantial
flood damage may occur.
Violation The failure of a structure use or development to be frilly compliant or is inconsistent with
anny p rovision of this Ordinance. A structure or other development without the elevation certificate other
23
certifications or other evidence of compliance required in this Ordinance is presumed to be in violation
until such time as that documentation is provided
PART XVIIl. That Article 22 Definitions be amended be revising the following definitions:
Accessory structure (Appurtenant Structure) -- Any structure that is located on the same parcel of-
property _or lot as the principal structure and houses an accessory use with any dimension greater than
twelve (12) feet, shall not exceed 400 square feet or one story, and that is incidental to the use of the
principal structure.
Manufactured home -- A dwelling unit, transportable in one or more sections that:
(i) Is not constructed in accordance with the standards of the North Carolina Uniform
Residential Building Code for One- and Two - Family Dwellings;
(ii) Is composed of one or more components, each of which was substantially assembled in a
manufacturing plant and designed to be transported to the home site on its own chassis,
(iii) Exceeds forty 40 feet in length and eight M feet in width,
(iv) The manufacturer voluntarily files certification required by the Secretary of the
Department of Housing and Urban Development and complies with the standards
established, and
(iv) Is built on a permanent chassis and designed to be used with or without a permanent
foundation when connected to the required utilities
Recreational vehicle LLRD -- A self - propelled or towed vehicle, qualified to be licensed by the
appropriate State agency and is built on a single chassis 400 square feet or less when measured at the
largest horizontal rojection providing short term recreational living accommodations, designed rip matily
not for use as a permanent dwelling but as temporary living quarters for recreational camping, travel,or
seasonal use.
Structure -- Any walled and roofed building a manufactured home or a gas or liquid storage tank that
which is built or constructed rn incipally above ground constructed or erected to a height of thirty (30)
inches or more, including but not limited to load bearing walls, columns, beams or girders.
PART XX That Article Twenty -three Enforcement be amended by adding a new Section 23.5
entitled Additional Corrective Procedures Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District
Standards
Section 23.5 Corrective Procedures - Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District
Standards
Section 23.5.1 Actions in Event of a Violation:
Identified violations of the Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District shall
be sent a Notice of Violation. The Notice shall detail the nature of the
violation and schedule a hearing with the Floodplain Administrator to
review the situation.
This hearing shall be held before the Floodplain Administrator at a
designated place and time, not later than ten (10) business days after the
24
date of the Notice, at which time the owner shall be entitled to be heard in
person or by counsel and to present arguments and evidence pertaining to
the matter.
Following the hearing, the Floodplain Administrator may issue such order
to alter, vacate, or demolish the building; or to remove fill as appears
appropriate.
Sec 23.5.2 Order to Take Corrective Action:
If, upon a hearing held pursuant to the notice prescribed above the
Floodplain Administrator shall find that the building or development is in
violation of this Ordinance, he or she shall make an order in writing to o the
owner, requiring the owner to remedy the violation within a specified time
period, not less than sixty (60) days.
Where the Floodplain Administrator finds that there is imminent danger to
life or other property, he or she may order that corrective action be taken in
such lesser period as may be feasible.
Sec 23.5.3 Appeal:
Any owner who has received an order to take corrective action may appeal
the order to the local elected governing body by ig ving notice of appeal in
writing to the Floodplain Administrator and the clerk within ten (IQ)
business days following issuance of the final order.
In the absence of an appeal, the order of the Floodplain Administrator shall
be final. The Board of Adjustment shall hear an appeal within a reasonable
time and may affirm, modify and affirm, or revoke the order,
Sec 23.5.4 Failure to Comply with Order:
with an order of the goveming body following an appeal he or she shall be
guilty of a Class Three (3) misdemeanor and shall be punished in the
discretion of the court.
PART XXI. That Article Twenty -four Legal Status Provisions and Effective Date of the Zoning
Ordinance be amended by adding the following to Section 24.2 and new Sections
24.4 Interpretation, Section 24.5 Effect on rights and liabilities under the existing
flood damage prevention ordinance, and Section 24.6:
Section 24.2 Abrogation and greater restrictions.
This Ordinance is not intended to repeal, abrogate, or impair any existing easements,
covenants, or deed restrictions. However, where this Ordinance and any other Ordinance
conflict or overlap whichever imposes the more stringent restrictions shall prevail.
25
Section 24.5 Interpretation.
In the interpretation and application of this Ordinance, all provisions shall be:
a, Considered as minimum requirements;
b. Liberally construed in favor of the governing body; and,
c. Deemed to neither limit nor repeal any other powers granted under State statutes.
Sec. 24.6 Effect on rights and liabilities under the existing flood damage
prevention ordinance.
This Ordinance in part comes forward by re- enactment of some of the provisions of the
Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance enacted March 2, 1981, as amended, and it is the
intention to replace, re- enact, and continue to enforce without interruption of such existing
provisions, so that all rights and liabilities that have accrued hereunder are reserved and
may be enforced. The enactment of this Resolution shall not affect any action, suit or
proceeding instituted or pending. All provisions of the Flood Damage Prevention
Ordinance of Orange County enacted on March 2, 1981, as amended, which are not
reenacted herein, are repealed.
Sec. 24.7 Disclaimer of Liability — Flood Regulations
The degree of flood protection required by this Ordinance is considered reasonable but
does not imply total flood protection.
PART XXII. The FIRM is hereby amended by LOMR with an effective date of August 7, 2008.
1. Letters of Man Amendment
a.
07- 04 -6156R
(dated January 8, 2008),
b.
08- 04 -2897A
(dated April 10, 2008),
C.
08- 04 -2898A
(dated April 29, 2008),
d.
08- 04 -2899A
(dated April 10, 2008), and
C.
08- 04- 2900A,
(dated May 22, 2008),
2. Letters of Map Revision
f.
06- 04 -BQ22P
(dated February 3, 2007),
g.
06- 04 -C141P
(dated November 5, 2007),
h.
07- 04 -6156R
(dated January 9, 2008. ), and
i.
08- 04 -1666P (August
7, 2008),
3. Summary of Map
Amendment #115 -CWG (C ) dated MU 16, 2008.
PART XXIII. That Section I Purpose, Authority, Jurisdiction, Private Property Rights and
Applications to be Processed Expeditiously of the Subdivision Regulations is
hereby amended as follows:
I -F. Special Flood Hazard Area Standards.
Section 6.32 of the Orange County Zoning Ordinance is hereby adopted by reference,
26
PART XXIV. Section II. Definitions of the Subdivision Regulations is hereby amended by adding
the following definitions and deleting the existing definitions as follows:
"Floodplain refers to any land area susceptible to being inundated by water fiom any source, more
specifically, lands subject to a one (1) percent or greater chance of being flooded in any ig ven year as
determined in the Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance. The floodplain is also referred to as the special
Mood hazard area Special flood hazard areas are mapped in the Federal EmergencManagement
Agency Flood Insurance Rate Maps as Zone AE for areas, where the base flood elevation has been
determined, and Zone A, where no base flood elevation has been determined."
"Floodwaymeans the channel of a river or other watercourse and the adjacent land areas that must be
reserved in order to discharge the base flood without cumulatively increasing the water surface elevation
more than one (1) foot. This term may also be referred to as the regulatory floodway."
"Special flood hazard areas refer to areas mapped in the Federal Emergency Management Agency Flood
Insurance Rate Maps with an effective date of February 2, 2007, as Zone AE for areas, where the base
flood elevation has been determined and Zone A where no base flood elevation has been determined."
PART XXV. That the Orange County Zoning Atlas is hereby amended to create the Special Flood
Hazard Area (SFHA) Overlay District incorporating data from the
aforementioned amended FIRM maps onto the Zoning Atlas, and
PART XXV. The Orange County Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance is hereby rescinded in its
present form and is no longer in effect.
Adoption certification. I hereby certify that this is a true and correct copy of the amendments to the
Zoning Ordinance and Subdivision Regulations, as adopted y the Board of County Commissioners of
Orange County, North Carolina, on the day of 2009.
WITNESS my hand and the official seal of, this the7iZday of
Donna Baker
Clerk to BOCC
PART XXVI. This Ordinance gliall be effective upon
of 2009, upon motior
Comm ssioner
by
I, Donna Baker, Clerk to the Board of Commissioners for the County of Orange, North Carolina,
DO HEREBY CERTIFY that the foregoing is a true copy of so much of the proceedings of said Board at
a meeting held on, 2009 as relates in any way to the adoption of the foregoing and that said proceedings
are recorded in the minutes of said Board.
WITNESS my hand and the seal of said aunty, this 2 day of 2009.
Clerk tot e Board of Commissioners
ORANGE COUNTY
BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
ACTION AGENDA ITEM ABSTRACT
Meeting Date: April 21, 2009
S1
Action Agenda
Item No. .`7— b_-
SUBJECT: Subdivision Regulations, Zoning Ordinance, and Atlas Amendments to Create
a New Zoning Ordinance Overlay District and Incorporate Flood Protection
Standards
DEPARTMENT: Orange County Planning PUBLIC HEARING: (YIN) Yes
ATTACHMENTS: (Under Separate Cover) INFORMATION CONTACT:
1. Resolution Amending the County Flood
Damage Prevention Ordinance, Glenn Bowles, Planner 11 245-2577
Orange. County Zoning Ordinance, Craig Benedict, Director 245-2592
Orange County Subdivision
Regulations, and the Orange County
Zoning Atlas
2. Maps Depicting Proposed FIRM and
Zoning Atlas Amendments
3. February 23, 2009 Quarterly Public
Hearing Written Comment
4. February 23, 2009 QPH Minutes
5. Planning Board Minutes — March 4,
2009 Meeting
6. Staff Memo, Dated March 16, 2009
Relating to Possible Future
Amendments
7. County Attorney Letter, Dated April 13,
2009 Regarding Proposed
Amendments
PURPOSE: To receive recommendations from the Planning Board on proposed amendments,
to the:
1. Orange County Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance,
2. Subdivision Regulations,
3. Zoning Ordinance, and
4. Zoning Atlas
to incorporate existing flood protection standard ' s contained within the Flood Damage
Prevention Ordinance (FDPO) into the Zoning and Subdivision regulations and to create a new
Zoning Ordinance Overlay District entitled Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District (SFHA),
incorporating Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) data onto the Zoning Atlas; and to take action
on the Resolution to adopt said amendments.
2
BACKGROUND:
On the advice of the County Attorney's office, and based on correspondence between the
State Attorney Generals office and the North Carolina Emergency Management Division, in the
fall of 2008 staff began to take steps to incorporate the various existing flood protection
standards within the Zoning and Subdivision regulations.
As . presented at the February 23, 2009 Quarterly Public Hearing, these amendments consist of
five (5) different components:
1. Incorporating the amended FDPO text into the Zoning Ordinance;
2. Creating a new Zoning Overlay District entitled Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHA);
3. Affirming the various amendments to the FIRM (future SFHA Overlay District) that the
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) approved on February 2, 2007; and
4. Correcting definitions and references in the Subdivision Regulations to reflect FDPO
terminology.
The changes proposed do not'amend the adopted February. 2, 2007 flood insurance rate maps
(FIRMS), except for the FEMA-approved revisions since then. Keeping the flood maps
updated and current is an important maintenance and public information task. Orange County
is interested in the latest Summary of Map Action (SOMA) only because the FEMA FIRM panel
letter suffix has changed and this affects that portion of the FIRM panel within the County's
zoning jurisdiction.
The changes prop . osed in the attached resolution correct the deficiencies in the FDPO noted
by Kenneth W. Ashe, P.E., CFM, in his November 7, 2008 letter to Commissioner Barry
Jacobs.
Summary of the February 23, 2009 Quarterly Public Hearing:
As . previously indicated, this item was heard at the February 23, 2009 Quarterly Public
Hearing. After staff presented a summary of the proposed amendments, BOCC members
asked three questions.
How can the County not exempt bona fide agricultural operations from the flood
damage prevention regulations when they are part of the Zoning Ordinance?
How will the non-conformity issue affect existing structures in the floodplain?
9 Would a more clearly worded notice wording have been possible?
Several citizens from the Lake Orange neighborhood spoke and made the following
comments:
• Moving the Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance into the Zoning Ordinance would not
be in the property owners' best interest.
• A task force of interested parties should be appointed for the purpose of resolving
several long-standing issues that could include docks on the lake, stream buffers and
floodplains.
• The County should honor the contractual rights of owners on Lake Orange.
• Proposed text amendments were not available to the public.
• There is a concern about the accuracy of base flood elevations supporting the floodplain
contours.
Other citizen comments included:
• Concern that the 2007 revised map included almost half of the property owner's six-acre
parcel.
• Problems with a culvert because of upstream drainage.
• Concerns with an elevation certificate with which the County assisted.
• Experience with the County elevation certificate surveying and the Letter of Map
Amendment (LOMA) and the need for ground truthing with the maps.
• Experiences with an insurance carrier and the need to notify persons affected by
changes in flood maps and the accuracy of such data.
• General. discussions regarding how the proposed change would affect an individual's
ability to improve one's property.
Staff response to these comments and concerns:
In responding to these various questions/comments/concerns, staff offers the following:
BOCC QUESTIONS:
• With this abstract is a letter from the Attorney's office addressing the bona fide farm
issue (please refer to Attachment Seven (7)).
• The existing FDPO contained various standards relating to the continued use,
maintenance, and rehabilitation of nonconforming structures located within identified
flood plains. These regulations are being incorporated within the Zoning Ordinance and
will continue to be enforced.
• Staff understands there may have been confusion created by the notice and will re-
evaluate our process to ensure such confusion does not occur in the future.
LAKE ORANGE RESIDENTS:
• The proposed amendment(s) are designed to address those changes deemed
necessary to guarantee the continued availability of flood insurance to County residents.
• The issues raised by representatives of Lake Orange residents during the Quarterly
Public Hearing include ownership issues (i.e. who owns what) and recreational access
to the Lake.
The proposed re-location of flood regulations/development standards within the Zoning
and/or Subdivision regulations, or the creation of the aforementioned SFHA overlay
district, legally impacts those living near Lake Orange in the same manner as other
property owners whose property will be located within the proposed SFHA overlay
district.
4
• 'Contractual rights' of Orange County property owners,- including -those around Lake
Orange, are not affected differently by this proposal than the existing FDPO.
• The accuracy of the mapped floodplains is always in question. FEMA recognizes this
and has developed a protocol to address this issue through the submittal, review, and
approval of a Letter of Map Amendment (LOMA).
Five property owners have taken advantage of this process in Orange County since
February 2007. Floodplain elevations were plotted out using the best available
technology for watershed-wide topographic determinations — LIDAR. This is the same
technology used by NASA and is in use throughout the world today.
T . he topographic coverages found in the County's GIS are generally accurate, but not to
an engineering standard. The County GIS topographic maps were not used to compute
the base flood elevations. The flood elevations are much more accurate but are not a
substitute for on-ground three-dimensional surveying to determine precise topographic
contours of the floodplain.
OTHER COMMENTS: Staff will continue to work with local property owners to address
concerns they may have relating to the interpretation and enforcement of flood regulations on
their property. For the most part, staff has been proactive in identifying various issues and
working with property owners to achieve a desirable outcome.
PLANNING BOARD REVIEW /RECOMMENDATION: The Planning Board , reviewed this item
at its March 4, 2009 regular meeting. Discussion at the meeting focused on the following:
1. The County's ability to enforce flood regulations on bona fide farm uses given the
limitation in the County's zoning authority.
Staff Comment. Staff reviewed the various provisions in the proposed amendments to
address this concern.
2. Board members wanted more information on the process necessary in applying for a
LOMA,
3. Board members asked if the proposed amendments might impact the ability for
development within existing Economic Development areas and/or nodes.
Staff Comment. These amendments do not impose any greater standard limiting the
overall development permitted on a parcel of property. As a result those properties
containing identified flood areas will still be allowed to develop consistent with existing
flood regulations.
4. Board members expressed concern over the expense in applying for a LOMA.
After deliberating on the proposal, the Board voted eight (8) to two (2) to recommend approval
of staffs proposal regarding:
a. Incorporating the amended FDPO text into the Zoning Ordinance text;
b. Creating a new Zoning Overlay District — Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHA);
c. Affirming the various amendments to the FIRM (future SFHA Overlay District)
that FEMA approved on February 2, 2007; and
d. Correcting definitions and references in the Subdivision Regulations to reflect
FDPO terminology.
Further the Planning Board moved that:
1. Staff be requested to review whether additional modifications may be warranted in
Section 6.32.6 and Section 6.32.7 of the Orange County Zoning Ordinance to provide
waivers of requirements for extensive engineering studies in the event of the need to
introduce fill that has minimal impact on other properties in the area (Please refer to
Attachment Six (6) for staffs memo on this matter); and
2. The Planning Board invites the Board of County Commissioners to request a review of
provisions related to bona fide farms by the State Attorney General's office. (Please
refer to Attachment Seven (7) for the County Attorney's response)
FINANCIAL IMPACT: While there will be no financial impacts associated with the
implementation of amendments to the Subdivision Regulations, Zoning Ordinance, and Zoning
Atlas, Section 20.6.3 of the Zoning Ordinance requires all properties affected by a Zoning Atlas
amendment and all properties within 500 feet of an affected property be sent notifications.
Over $10,000 was spent to mail out 6,531 postcards and 1,822 certified letters. This cost
includes $640 in materials (labels, paper, postcards and envelopes), $7,448 for postage, and
$2,100 in staff time.
However, not making the revisions to the Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance may put the
County at risk of losing its FEMA accreditation.
RECOMMENDATION: The Administration recommends the Board:
1. Receive the Planning Board recommendation,
2. Close the public hearing, and
3. Adopt the resolution (Attachment One (1)) that amends the FDPO, Zoning Ordinance
text, Zoning Atlas, and Subdivision Regulations by:
a. Inc&porating the amended FDPO text into the Zoning Ordinance text;
b. Creating a new Zoning Overlay District — Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHA) for
inclusion on the Zoning Atlas;
c. Affirming the various amendments to the FIRM (future SFHA Overlay- District)
that FEMA approved on February 2, 2007;
d. Correcting definitions and references in. the Subdivision Regulations to reflect
. FDPO terminology; and
e. Repealing the FDPO.
R
Attachment One (1): Resolution
1 a
0 iN
.1*191 'l
L" LWJ F& I WAL-W-Ak-4--
April 21, 2009
WHEREAS on July 15, 2975' Orange County became a participant in the Emergency Phase of the
National Flood Insurance Program thus making flood insurance available to property owners through the
National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), and
WHEREAS on March 16, 1981 the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) converted
the County into the regular phase of the NFIP bringing full benefits to the citizens of the County, and
WHEREAS there are currently sixty-two (62) flood insurance policies enforced within the
unincorporated portions of Orange County, and
WHEREAS the County is required to maintain an updated Fldod Damage Prevention Ordinance
(FDPO) in order to remain eligible for the NFIP, and
WHEREAS the County desires to repeal its existing FDPO and adopt the following regulations in
order. to be in full compliance with Federal and State requirements for flood damage prevention
programs, and
WHEREAS pursuant to the authoritygranted to counties by Article 6 of Chapter 153A of the North
Carolina General Statutes (NCGS), specifically NCGS 153A-121, the County hereby enacts the
following flood damage regulations to protect the health, safety, and welfare of the citizens of Orange
County, and
WHEREAS pursuant to the authority granted to counties by Parts 2, 3 and 4 of Article 18 of
Chapter 153A of the NCGS, specifically including NCGS 153A-340, NCGS 153A-3.30 and NCGS
153A-352, the County hereby enacts the following flood damage regulations for the purpose of
protecting the health, safety, and general welfare of the citizens of Orange County, and
WHEREAS pursuant to the authority granted to counties by Part 6, Article 21 of Chapter 143 of the
NCGS, specifically including NCGS 143-215.54, NCGS 143-215.56, and NCGS 143-215.61 the County
hereby enacts . the following flood damage regulations to protect the health, safety, and general welfare
of the citizens of Orange County, and
WHEREAS pursuant to the authority granted to counties by Part 3, Article 4 of Chapter 153A of
the NCGS, specifically NCGS 153A-47,'a county may in an ordinance adopt by reference to a published
technical code or a standard or regulation promulgated by a public agency,
THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED that the Board of Commissioners of the County of Orange,
North Carolina, hereby repeals its existing FDPO in its entirety and amends (indicated by 46hr.
7
text for proposed deletions and underlined text for proposed additions) the Orange County Zoning
Ordinance,* the Orange County Subdivision regulations, and official Orange County Zoning Atlas as
follows:
PART I. That Article 1 Section 1.5 Farm Exemption of the Zoning Ordinance be amended as
follows:
Section 1.5 Farm Exemption
The provisions of this ordinance which are adopted under Chapter 153A, Article 18, Part 3
do not apply to property used for bona fide farm, purposes, as defined within North Carolina
General Statutes except as follows:
1 Any non -farm use of farm property,
2 Compliance with any and all regulations required to be imposed by the Federal
Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) through the National Flood Insurance
Program including any and all applicable Flood Insurance Rate.Maps (FffW,
3 Compliance with the Orange County Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay Zoning
District as detailed within this Ordinance.
PART II. That Article 1 be amended to include a new Section, specifically Section 1.7, entitled
Flood Damage Prevention Authority to read as follows:
1. The Legislature of the State of North Carolina has in:
9
a. Part 6 Article 21 of Chapter 143;
b. Parts 2 3 and 4 of Article 18 of Chapter 153A: and
c. Part 121 Article 6 of Chapter 153A of the North Carolina General Statutes,
delegated authority to co= governments to adopt regulations to promote the
public health safety and general welfare of its citizenry.
contained therein developed by FEMA under a Cooperating Technical State
agreement with the State of North Carolina and the Flood Insurance Study are
hereby established as shown on the Official Zoning-Atlas as the Special Flood
Hazard Area Overlay Zoning LDistrict, and
3 The Board of Adjustment as established by Orange County shall hear and decide
requests for variances from the requirements of the Orange County Special Flood
Hazard Area Ovedgy Zoning Distri ct
PART III. That Article 2 The Board of County Commissioners and its Administrative
Mechanisms, specifically Section 2.3.6 Application of the Variance Power, of the
Zoning Ordinance be amended as follows:
Section 2.3.6.2 in addition to the standards contained within Section 2.3.6.1, M request
for a variance from the Special Hood Hazard Area Overlay Zoning District shall by
the following Additional criteria:
a. Variances maybe issued for the =air or rehabilitation of historic structures
gpon the determination that the proposed repair or rehabilitation will not
preclude the structure's continued -desiggatiou . as a historic structure and the
variance is the minimum necessary to preserve the historic character and
design of the structure.
b. In passing anon such variances the appeal board shall consider all technical
evaluations, all relevant factors, all standards specified in other sections of this
Ordinance, and:
i. The danger that materials mgy be swept onto other lands to the injury
of others,
ii. The danger to life and propga due-to flooding or erosion damage;.
iii. The susceptibility of the proposed facility and its contents to flood
damage and the effect of such damage on the individual own
iv. The importance facility portance of the services provided by the proposed faqU to the
Orange County'
V. The necessity waterfront location, where applicable;
The availability of alternative locations, not subject . to flooding or
erosion damage, for the proposed use• ,
vii. The compatibility of the proposed use with existing and anticipated
development;
viii. The relationship of the proposed use to - the Orange County
Comprehensive Plan and floodplain management for that
area,
ix. The safety of access to the property in times of flood for ordinary and
emerggggy,yehicles-,
X. The expected heights, velocity duration, rate of rise, and sediment
yansgort of the flood waters and the effects of wave. action. if
applicable expected at the site;
xi. The costs of providing governmental services, during and after flood
conditions including maintenance and repair of public utilities and
facilities such as sewer, eas electrical and water systems,- and streets
and brid - - and
Ze
xii- The reauest for a variance is not after-the-fact or for a situation of
one's own making.
c. A written report addressing each of the above factors shall -be submitted with
the application for a variance.
d- Upon consideration of the factors listed above and the pMoses of this
Ordinance, the appeal board may attach such reasonable conditions to the
Ef
granting. of variances as it deems necessary to further the purposes of this
_Ordinance.
e. Variances, shall not be issued within M desig!Iated floodwav- or non-
encroachment area if any increase in flood levels during the base flood
discharge would result
L Conditions for Variances:
L Variane . es may not be issued when the variance will make the structure in
violation of other Federal, State, or local laws regulations. or ordinances.
I Variances shall only be issued Won a determination that the variance
the minimum necessary considering the flood hazard,. to -afford
iii. Variances shall only be issued upon:
a. A showing of - ood and sufficient 'cause;
b. A determination that failure 'to-�t the variance would result in
exceptional hardship;
variance wi not result in
c. A determination that the 'Mina of a will
increased flood heights, additional threats- to public _EgfqV, or
extraordinary public pNpense, create nuisance, cause fraud on or
victimization of the Rqblic, or conflict with existing local laws or
ordinances-,
-1. That the circumstances on the subject property are unique to the
subject pronert� and not to properties in general
g. Any applicant to whom a variance is granted shall be given written notice
Epec
jhin- the difference between he BFE and the elevation to which the.
structure is taternent that the cost of flood insurance
will be commensurate with the increased risk resulting from the reduced
reference level elevation. Such notification shall be maintained with a record
of all variance actions.
h. The Floodplain Administrator shall maintain the records of all appeal actions
and resort any variances to the FEMA and the State of North Carolina upon
regue
2.3.6.23 All of these findings of fact shall be made in the indicated order by the
Board of Adjustment, which is not empowered to grant a variance without
an affirmative finding of fact shall be supported by substantial evidence in
the record of proceedings before the Board.
2.3.6 34 The Board may impose reasonable conditions upon the granting of any
variance to insure that the public health, safety, and general welfare shall
be protected and substantial justice done.
2.3.6.45 Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize the Board to permit a
use in a district where that use is neither a Permitted Use nor a Special Use.
HEI
PART IV. That Article 3 Establishment of Zoning District and Atlas, Section 3.10 Interpretation
of District Boundaries of Zoning Ordinance be-amended as follows:
Section 3.10 interpretation of I)bWct Boundaries
a) When there is any uncertainty as to the intended location of any zoning district
boundary on the Zoning Atlas, the Zoning Officer shall make an interpretation of
said Atlas upon request of any person. Any person aggrieved by any such
interpretation may appeal such interpretation to the Board of Adjustment. The
Zoning Officer and the Board of Adjustment, in interpreting the Zoning Atlas or
deciding any appeal, shall apply the following standards:
ift) Boundaries indicated as approximately following the centerlines of streets;
highways or alleys 'shall be construed as following such centerlines;
2b) Boundaries indicated as approximately following lot lines shall be
construed as following such lot lines;
3e). Boundaries indicated as approximately ' following City Limits shall be
construed as following such City Limits;
4d)
Boundaries-indicated as following railroad lines shall be construed to be
the centerline of the main track;
5e) Boundaries indicated as following shorelines shall be construed to follow
such shorelines; in the event of change in the shoreline, the boundary shall
be construed as moving with the actual shorelines; boundaries indicates as
approximately following the centerlines of streams, rivers, canals, lakes or
other bodies of water shall be construed as following such centerlines;
boundaries shown as approximately following designated flood hazard
area Emits shall be construed as following such limits.
6f) Boundaries indicated as parallel to or extensions of features indicated in
Subsections A through E above shall be so construed. Distances not
specifically indicated on the Zoning Atlas shall be determined by
reference to the scale of the Atlas.
7ZI Where physical or cultural features existing on the ground are at variance
with those shown on the Zoning Atlas, or in other circumstances not
covered by Subsections A through F above, the Board of Adjustment shall
interpret the district boundaries.
b) In addition, the foRowinL- guidelines shall be - uired in determining the boundaries
of the Sve c ial Flood Hazard Area Overlay D; s+__
;+.
1. The boundaries of the Special Flood Hazard _Area Overlay District shall be
determined utilizing the Flood Insurance Study;
y,
11
2 Ia areas between Special Flood Hazard Overlav
District, shall be determined by scaling the distances on Flood Insurance
Study maps;
., . Ihe reg2L ry flood protection elevation must in all cases be the
3. ato flood
controlling factor in locating
Area Overlay District; and
PART V. That Article 4 Establishment of Permitted Use Table and Schedule Section 4.1
Establishment of Use Regulations of the Zoninig Ordinance be amended by revising
the existing numbering scheme and adding a new number thirteen (13) to read as
follows:
12. Borrow pits (including reclamation by land filling) associated within a State or Federal
highway project (See Article 6.16.16).
LI Uses requiring special permits must meet certain conditions specified in this ordinance.
Only after the existence of these specified conditions has been determined by the Board
of Adjustment, or the Board of Commissioners, as appropriate, will a special permit be
issued; otherwise such uses are prohibited uses.
14. Regulations governing the use of land and structures within a Planned Development
district are as established in Article 7.
15. Within all districts, subdivisions
16. All uses, . as detailed within. this Section and the Ordinance in its entirety, shall comply
with the various standards and development limitations . as outlined wit[Jin. the Special
Flood Hazard Area Overlay District.
PART VI. That Article 4 Establishment of Permitted Use Table and Schedule by creating a new
Section 4.2.34 entitled Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District (SFH4) to- read as
follows:
-See. 4.2.34 Statement of purpose.
It is the purpose of this Ordinance to p Lo_ note pubic health safety, and general welfare and to minimize public and private losses due to flood conditions within flood prone
areas by provisions designed to.
a. Restrict ur M bit uses which are dangerous to healf:i. safety and property due to
water or erosion hazards or which result m dams ging increases in erosion flood
heights or velocities*
b. Re luire that uses vulnerable to floods, including facilities which serve such uses, be
Mo—tected against flood damage at the time of initial construction, •
c. Control the alteration of natural floo-dplains, stream channels, and natural protective
barriers which are involved in the accommodation of flood waters
CL Control flilingUgdmg., dredging, and all other dOM19RDIPI& which may increase
erosion or flood damage; - and
e. Prevent or regulate the construction of flood barriers. which " unnaturall divert
floodwaters or which may increase flood hazards to other lands.
See. 4.2.35 Objectives.
The objectives of SSFIHjAA Overlay District, are to
a. Protect human life, sg&M and health-,
b. Minimize qx
penditure of Public mopff for costly flood control projects;
c. Minimize- the need for rescue and relief efforts associated with flooding and
generally undertaken at the expense of the general public;
d. 1\]Linimize prolonged business losses and
e. 1Vliriimi.ze damage to public facilities and utilities such as water and gas mains,
electric tele hone cable and other communication facilities and sewer lines, streets,
and bridges located in flood
:pLone areas;
f Help maintain -a stable tax base by . providing for the sound use and development of
flood prone areas in such a.manner as to minimize flood blight areas; and
LT. Ensure that potential homebu ers are notified that property is in a* Special -Flood
Hazard Area.
Sec. 4.2.36 Statutory authorization.
Under the authorijy outline in Section 1 , the Board of Commissioners of Orange
CpMgM North Carolina. does -enact the SFHA Overlay District regulations as detailed
Sec. 4.2.37 Findings of
a) The flood prone areas within the planning jurisdiction of Orange County are subject,
to periodic inundation, which results in loss of life,* property health and safety
hazards disruption of commerce and governmental -services, extraordinary public
pNpggdjggN of flood protection and relief and impairment of the tax base, all of
which adversely affect ftq -pubic health, safety
, and general welfare.
b) These flood losses are caused by the cumulative effect of obstructions in floodp_lains
causing increases in flood heights and velocities, and by the occupancy in flood
13
prone areas by uses vulnerable to floods or hazards to other lands, which are
inadequately elevat.ed, flood proofed, or otherwise unprotected from flood damages.
Sec. 4.2.38. Aoj)licabffi
This regulation shall apply to all SFHAs within the planning jurisdiction of Orange
CgUM and within the jurisdiction of M municipality within. Orange County whose
governing body has duly authorized its application hcation widiin its municipal, or extraterritorial
jurisdictional , boundaries in accordance with North Carolina law.
Sec. 4.2.39 Basis for establishing. the Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District
(SMA).
The SFHA are those identified by the FEMA or produced under the Cooperatin
Technical State agreement between the State of North Carolina and FEMA or Flood
08-04-2898A, 08-04-2899A, and 08-04-2900A, Letters of Map Revision 06-04-BO22P,
06-04-CI41P, 07-04-6156R, and 08-0446661? and Summ= of Map Amendment #115-
CWG (C) dated May 16, 2008, which with accgm
pgg= supporting data, including
Letters of Map Amendment or Revision and Summary of Ma adopted
Map Amendments, are
by reference and declared to be a part of this Ordinance. The SFRA also include those
defined through standard engineering analysis for private developments or by
governmental agencies, but not incorporated into the FIRM. This includes, but is not
limited to detailed flood data:
1. Detailed flood data generated as a requirement of Section 21.11 (11/12) of this
Ordinance-,
2. Preliminary FERMs where more stringent than the effective FIRM; or
3. Post-disaster Flood Recovery Maps, if available.
Sec. 4.2.40 Compliance
No structure or land shall hereafter be located, extended, converted, altered, or
developed, iMproyed, or maintained in any wgy without full compliance with the terms of
this Ordinance and other applicable regulations.
PART VTEL That Article 6 Application of Dimensional Requirements by creating a new Section
6.32 entitled Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay D6trict (SFLE4) to read as follows:
See. 6.32.1 Additional Requirements for the Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFEIA)
Overlay District.
In all SFIIAs the following provisions are required:
1. All new construction and substantial improvements shall be anchored to prevent
flotation, collgapse, or lateral movement of the structure.
2. All new construction and substantial improvements shall be constructed with
materials and MgIfty equipment resistant to minimize flood damage.
3. All new construction - or substantial improvements shall be constructed by
methods and practices that minimize flood damages.
4. Electrical, heating, ventilation , plumbing, air conditioning equipment, and other
service facilities shall be designed and/or located so as to prevent water from
baduldtchen fixtmres ductwork, electric meter Panels/boxes, utility /cable boxes,
appliances electric
ph
�'ances (Washers, ft—ers. refrigerator, etc.), hot water heaters. and ele
outlets/switches.
5. All new and replacement water supply systems shall be designed to. minimize or
eliminate infiltration of floodwaters into the system
6. New and'EMIacement sgWIM sewage systems shall be designed to- mini miz
eliminate infiltration of floodwaters into the systems and discharges from the
systems into floodwaters.
7. On site . waste disposal systems shall be located and constructed to avoid
impairment to them or contamination from them during flooding.
8. Any alteratioq,.repair reconstiuction, or improvements to a structure, which
complies with the provisions of this Ordinance, shall meet the requirements of
"new construction!" as contained in this Ordinance.
9. New solid waste disposal facilities, hazardous waste management facilities,
salvage vards and chemical storage, facilities shall not be uermitted in SFHAs.
10. A structure or tank for chemical or fuel storage incidental to an -allowed use or to
the operation of a water treatment plant or wastewater treatment facility may be
located in a SFHA only if the structure or tank is either elevated or flood proofed
to at least the regWg= flood protection elevation and certified according to
Section 14.6(3) of this Ordinance.
11. Storage of the fbIlowing chemical compounds shall be prohibited within SFHAs:
a) Acetone,
b) Ammonia,
c) Benzene,
d) Calcium carbide
0 Carbon disulfide,
f) celb&wa
g) Chlorine,
h) Hvdrochloric —acid
D Prussic acid,
D Magnesium,
k) Nitric acid,
1) Oxides of nitrogen,
14
15
m) Phosphorus.
n) Potassium,
0) Sodium,
p) Sulfur,
q) AcpWie—ne
-gas,
r)
Gasoline and
]2r,troleum product,
s) Lumber,
t) Charcoal or coal
dust
u) Polychlorinated
bipbpnyls (PCBs),
V) Polynuclear
aroniatic,
hydrocarbons
(PARs),
w) Volatile organic
compounds (VOCs). or
X) AU Odgd!x pollutants
listed in Table I of
Section 307 of the Clean
Water Act (P.L. 92-500),
as amended
12. Hospitals, nursing homes, foster care, facilities, sheriff's facilities, fire stations,
emergency operations ceigggs, and vehicle and eggipment . storage facilities shall
not be permitted in SFHAs
13. Any_inhabited structure within any_SFHA shall have unobstructed, dry access
during a regulgM flood event.
14. New fill material within any SFHA shall be prohibited.
15. Public utilities and facilities shall be constructed to minimize flood dama,
consistent with these and all other applicable County regulations
16. In cases where developaent is otherwise allowed within identified SFHA's,
adequate drainage shall be provided.
Sec .6.32.2 Specific standards.
In all SFHAs where BFE data has been provided as set forth in Section 4.2.38 or 21.9, the
following provisions are required:
1. Residential Construction. New construction within the SFHA shall be prohibited.
Substantial improvement of M existing residential structure (including manufactured
-homes) shall have the reference level, including bajernent, elevated no lower than two (
feet above the reauqW flood protection elevation, as defined in Article 22 of this
Ordinance. Should solid foundation perimeter walls be used to elevate a structure, opening
sufficient to automatically facilitate equalization of hydrostatic flood forces on extenor
walls shall be DrovLdedpursuant to Section 14.6.2.
2. Non-Residential Construction. New construction within - the SFHA shall be
probibited. Substantial improvement of gU existing commercial, industrial or other non-
residential structure shall have the reference level, including basement, elevated no lower
than the Egoaglagtor Y flood protection elevation. Structures located in the AE Zone may be
-- -
flood Droofed no lower than two feet above the level of the base flood elevation in lieu of
elevation provided that all areas if the e st
o tracture below the required flood protection
16
elevation are watertight with walls substantially impermeable to the passage of water,
using structural *cgMponents having the - capability of resisting hydrostatic and
hydrodynamic loads and the effect of buoyancy . A North Carolina licensed Professional
EnOwer or Architect shall certify this subsection are satisfied Such
I that the standards f
certification shall be ptovided to the official as set forth in Section 14.6.
3. Manufactured Homes.
a. Replacement manufactured homes shall-be elevated so that the reference level
of the manufactured home is no lower than the regulatory flood protection
elevation.
State of North Carolina Regulations for Manufactured/Mobile Homes,' -1995
Edition, and M revision theret6 adopted by the Commissioner of Insurance
pursuant to NCGS 4143-143.15 or a certified engineered foundation.
•Additionally when the elevation would be met by an elevation of the chassis
thirty -six (36) inches or less above the grade at the site reinforced piers or other
foundation elements of at least equivalent strength shall support the chassis.
Men the elevation of the chassis is above jbiML-six (36) inches in height, an
engineering certification is required.
c. All foundation enclosures or skirting shall be according to Section 14.6.3.
d. An evacuation plan must be developed for evacuation of all residents of all
new substantially improved or substantially damaged manufactured home
parks or subdivisions located within flood prone areas. This plan shall be filed
with and
.approved by the Hoodplain Administrator and the local Emergency
Management coordinator.
4. Public roads, private roads and driveWays. And public road, private road, or
driveway crossing a SFHA shall require a al from
pact' certification gpprov
the North Carolina Emergency Management Division before M building permits
for new construction can tie issued which derive their vehicular access from such
public roads, private roads . , or driveways.- If the "No-Rise" -certification data
demonstrate that the Base Flood Elevation will rise more than one vertical foot,
then the developer sha.0 file a Conditional Letter of Map Revision with the North
Carolina Division of Emergency Management for review and approval. Before any
building permit can be'issued for the .improvements associated with the stream
crossing, an approve pprove Letter of Map Revision shall be on file in the Planning. and
Inspections Department.
5. Recreational Vehicles. Recreation vehicles placed on sites within. a SFHA shall either:
a. Be on site for fewer than 180 consecutive days and be fully licensed and ready
for highway use (a recreational vehicle is ready for highway use if it is on its
wheels or jacking system, is attached to the site only by quick disconnect ]nq
utilities, and has no.pqrmqppntly attached additions); or
17
b. Meet all the requirements for new construction, including anchoring and
elevation requirements of Section 14.6 and 6.32.1 and subsection (3) of this
section.
6. Elevated Buildinjes. New construction or substantial improvements of elevated
buildings that include ftifly enclosed areas that are- below the regulgIM flood
protection elevation shall not be designed to be used for human habitation, but shall be
designated to be used only for parking; of vehicles, building access, or limited storage
of maintenance equipment used in connection with the premises, *be constructed
entirely of flood resistant materials below the regulgIM flood protection level in the
AE zone and meet the following design criteria:
a. Measures for cgWINjpg with this requirement shall be designed to
automatically egiialize hydrostatic flood forces on exterior walls by
allowing for the. entry and. exit *of floodwaters. To meet this Leguirement,
the foundation must either be certified by a North Carolina licensed
Professional Engineer or Architect or meet the following minimum design
criteria:
is Provide a minimum of two openings on different sides of each enclosed
area subject to flooding,
ii. The total net area of all openings must be at least one (1) square inch for
each square foot of enclosed area subject to flooding;
iii. If a building has more than one enclosed area, each area must have
openings on exterior walls to allow floodwaters to directly enter and
iv. The bottom of all required openings shall be no higher than one (1) foot
above the adjacent grade;
v. Openings may be equipped with screens, louvers, or other opening
coverings or devices provided they permit the automatic flow-of
floodwaters in both directions, • and
vi. Foundation enclosures made of flexible vinyl or sheet metal skirting' are
not considered enclosures for regulgW and flood insurance rating
purposes, and therefore, do not require openings. Masonry or wood
underpinning, regardless of structural status, is considered'an enclosure
and requires hydrostatic openings as outlined above to comply with this
Ordinance.
18
b. The enclosed areas shall be used solely for parking of vehicles, building
access, or storage. Access to the enclosed area shall be the minimum
necessga to allow for parking of vehicles (garage door) or limited storage
of maintenance equipment used in connection with the premises (standard
exterior door) or entry to the living area (stairway or elevator). The interior
portion of such enclosed area shall not be partitioned or finished into.
sgparate rooms.
7. , T _p ain development t for
gin structures Prior to the issuance of a flood I devel ment permi
poraa struct
lgmpgM structure, the following requirements shall be
a. Apphcants shall submit to the Roodplain Administrator a plan for the
removal of such structure(s) in the -event of a hurricane or flash flood
warning notification. The plan shall include the following information.
j. A specified time period for which the temporary use will be permitted• ,
I The namo, address, and phone number of the individual responsible for
the removal of the tqmgQM structure;
ffi. The time frame prior to the event at which a structure will be removed
(i.e., minimum of seventy -two (72) hours before landfall of a hurricane
or immediately upon flood waming.notific
iv. A copy of the contract or other suitable instrument with a trucking
company to ensure the availability of removal equipment when needed-,
and '
v. Desiggatioji, accompanied by documentation, of a location outside the
SFRA to which the temporary structure will be moved.
b. The above information shall be submitted in writing to the Floodplain
Administrator for review and written approval.
8. Accessory Structures. When access= structures (sheds, detached garages, etc.) are
to be placed Within a SFHA, the following criteria shall be met:
a. Access= structures* shall not be used for human habitation (including
work, sleeping, living, cooking or restroom areas);
b. Access= structures shall be designed to have low flood damage potential;
C. Accessory structures shall be constructed and placed on the building . site so
as to offer the minimum resistance to the flow of floodwaters;
I Accessory structures shall be firmly anchored according to Secti6n 6.32.1
e. All service facilities such as electrical and heating equipment, shall be
installed according to Section 6.32.1-.
19
Openings to relieve hydrostatic pressure during a flood shall be Provided
conforming to subsection 5 ot this -S-er-ft-i-OW-1.
An accesso Lure with M dimension that is twelve feet or less in
height widtlL or depth does not require - an elevation or flood nmnflng
certificate. Elevation or floolpEggfin 1, _ ..cerfifications are required for all
other access ry structures according to Section 14.6(2h and
h. The accessory structure shall meet all zoning and building code requirements.
9. AdditiqgLlIm
,provements.
a- Additions and/or improvements to Pre -FIRM structures whereas the
addition and/or
_ improvements in combinabon with any interior
modifications, to the existing structure are:
i. Not a substantial improvement is defined and does not require a zoning
or building permit, the addition and/or improvements shall be designed
t_o minimize flood damages and shall not be any more non-conforming
than the existing structure.
ii. Substantial improvement as defined requiring a_.zoning or building
pgrmit, both the existing structure and the addhtlon and/or improvements
shall comply with the standards for new construction.
b.— Additions to post FIRM structures with no modifications to the existing
structure shall require only -pnl the addition to comply with the standards
—
new construction.
c. Additions- and/or imp—rovements 10. OSt -FIRM structures whereas the
addition and/or . its in combination with any -interior
modifications to the existing strur-ture-
Not * a substantial ....improvement, the addition
improvements only must comply wish the standards for new
construction-,
ii A substantial iggrovement, both the existing structure and_ the
addition and/or improvements must comply with the standards
for new construction.
eAX
CL Where a fire wall or inde pendent perimeter load-bearing wall is provided
between the addition and the existing building, the addition(s) shall be
considered a separate building and only the addition need comply with the
standards for new construction.
Sec. 6.32.3 Specific Standards for floodplains without established base flow
elevations (Approximate Zone
Within the SFHAs established in Section 4.2.38 are where* no base flood data has been
provided the following provisions shall apply:
1. No encroachments including fill , new construction , substantial improvements or new
development shall be permitted within a distance of fifty (50) feet each side from top
of bank or five, times the width of the stream whichever is greater , unless certificatton
with suppbrd-fig technical data by a North Carolina licensed Professional Engineer is
provided demonstrating that such encroachments shall not result in any merease i
flood levels during the occurrence of the base flood discharge.
2. If Section 6.32.2(1) is satisfied and BFE data is available from other sources, all new
construction and substantial improvements within such areas shall also comply with
all qgIcffi provisions of this Ordinance and shall be elevated or flood Proofed
according to elevations.. established . according. to Section 4.2.38.
per Section 4.2.39 to be utilized in implementing this Ordinance.
4. When BFE data are not available from a.Federal, State or other source, the reference
level, including basement, shall be elevated at least two (2) feet 'above the highest
Aacent grade. -
See. 6.32.4 Subdivisions, manufactured home parks, and major developments.
All subdivisions, manufactured home park, and major develppment prg al o os s located
-
within SFHAs shall:
1. Be consistent with the need to minin-Aze-flood damage.
2. Have public utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas, electric, cable, and water
systems located and constructed to minimize flood damage.
3. Have adequate drainage provided to reduce exposure to flood hazards
4. Have BFE data provided if development exceeds either of fifty (50) lots/units or five
(5) abres. Such BFE data shall be adopted by reference per Section 4.2.39.
Sec. 6.32.5 Standards for floodplains with BFE but without established floodways
or non-encroachment areas.
21
Alon , ws and streams where TE data area i gd�wm��
9 n—veu hur- VIS, no
encroachment . areas are identified for a SFHA on the FIRM or in
encroachments construction substantial im rovements or other
development, shall be permitted unless certification with unngging . technical d g_hy a
North Carolina licensed Professional En eer is ided d
cumulative effect of the proposed development when combined with all other existing and
water surface elevation of the base flood by
anticipated d development, �111 no increase
more than one �foot at n aint within Orange County.
See. 6.32.6, Floodwal and non-encroachment areas.
areas are located within the _SFHA
Areas desiLp-maced as fflI_o_gd_Iways or —W
bl sh e d ��
'on 4 2.,q The oo d wa s and no
n -encr
oac
hm
e nt are
as
o
extremely
established
ar d on s Ueas d ue to �e vp loc�of fl�o odwa t e rs �taha ve _ro s i g no t % a n carry
debris and 6tental projectiles . � a folowin ro Is i ons s h lapply to �d 1 v e 10 pen
t
within such
Ll No . encroachments new construction, substantial v_ements and
ir�icludi� fill � construction through
.7,co �t,7c
other deyplop -nts shall be permitted unless it.. has been demonstrated
hydrologic Ld auic analyses performed according to standard endag-edn-9
�py increase in the flood
R tice that the gro
Mmgpl� _posed.encroa t would not result
levels during the occ urrence of the base flood. Such certification and technical data
shall be presented to the Floodplain Administrator before issuance of flood Plain
developMot p—ermit.
manufactured homes shall be permitted,
Sec.6.32.7. Standards for Flood iflains-without Established Base Flood Elevations.
Within the SFIIAs . established in Section 4.2.38, where no BFE'data has been.P—rovi
the lowinumykwpA&Mpiy:
encroachments includin fill new construction substantial or new
development shall be permitted within a distance of twenty to of
b eer is
with supporting technical increase in
,provided demonstrating that such encroachments shall not result in any flood levels during the .occurrence of the base flood discharge.
2. If the reqnjjementsof Section 6.32.20) data are available
an substantial verne ts within such
t I
f this ordinance and shall be
su
all
from _ other sources new construction d i ons 0 t
'-as hall al 0 with � a . licable ro � s tahfi&����
rdm to elevations es
1 from f c
e a federal, state, or other source
ar � I e
b elev te
ated atleast two (2) feet above
s s e
1 va�ed �d roof d 0
or . 0 en B �atq e not av b
21.11 1
112
the reference level �clu
h basement h�
the HAG.
22
See. 6.32.8. Effect upon outstanding floodplain development permits.
Nothing herein contained shall re uire an chan a in the plans conign-irtinn- size or
designated use of any development or art thereof for which a flood nlain de—j-p-J-1
permit has been ganted by the FloodAam Administrator or his/her authorized �aCntS
before the time of assa 3le of this Or that when -,onstruction is Ordinance provided however
be under such outstanding Hermit within a period of six (6) months subsequent to
passage of this Ordinance or an r . revision thereto , construction or use shall be in
conformit y with the provisions of this Ordinance.
See. 6.32.9 Enforcement
The urovisions of the SFHA Overl r District shall be enforced in accordance with the
Le -eti 5 of this Or
quirements contained within Section 23.5 of ibis Ordinance.
PART VM That Article 8 Special. Uses be amended by creating a new Section 8.6.1 entitled
Additional standards far development of uses.within Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay
District (SFHA.) to read as follows:
Section 8.6.1 Additional Standards for DeveloP-ment of Uses. within Special Flood
Hazard Areas.
The Board of Count Commissioners ma issue a Class "N' Speci I Use Permit for soli
waste disposal facilities hazardous waste management facilities salvage /iunk yards, and
chemical storage facilities that are located following conditions are
met:
a The use serves a critical need in the Orange County.
b. Na feasible location exists for the use outside the SFHA.
C. The reference level of M structure is elevated or flood pproofed to at least the
—
regulator flood protection level.
d, The use complies with all other applicable federal, state and local laws.
e. Orange County has notified the Secretary of the North Carolina Department of
Crime Control and Public Safety of its intention to grant ,a Special Use Permit at
least thirj (30) days beforeting the permit.
The Board is required to make affirmative findings of fact based on the testimony of the
abDlican S) as to the project's compliance with these standards.
PART IS. That Article 10 Parking-be amended by creating a new 10.2 to read as follows:
Sec. 10.2 Prohibited within Special Flood Hazard Are
Any off street p are prohibited within a Special Flood Hazard
Area.
23
PART X. That Article 11 NonconformitieN be amended Section 11.9 Non - conforming . Uses of
'Major Structures, or Structures and Premises in Combination by adding a new
subsection (f) to read as follows:
f) Non conforming buildings or uses or other devg10 arged.
Tment may not be en].
replaced or rebuilt unless such enlargement or reconstruction is accomplished
conforming the provisions of this Ordinance.
Provided, however, nothing in this Ordinance shall prevent the repair, reconstruction,
or replacement of a buildin;,, or structure existing on the effective- date of this
Ordinance and located totally or partially within the floodwgy non-encroachment area,
or stream -setback, provided that the bulk of the building or structure below the
reggigiga flood protection elevation in the floodmi-v non- encroachment area, or
stream setback is not increased and provided that such repair, . reconstruction or
replacement meets all of the other requirements of this -.Ordinance.
PART XL That Article 14 Site Plan Approval Procedures Section 14.1 Intent to read as follows:
Section 14.1
To establish a set of standards for site plan applications.
APPLICABILITY
As required by Article 21.4 of this Ordinance, a zoning compliance permit must
be issued before any new site development, building, structure, or vehicular use
area may be erected, constructed or used. Site plan approval is required for a
zoning compliance permit with the following exceptions:
a. Single-family detached dwellings and duplexes, and accessory
structures to those residential uses; provided, however, when such uses
are located in the University Lake Watershed (ULW) District, site plan
approval shall be required.
b. Temporary uses which do not exceed thirty (30) days in duration; and
c. Interior renovation or repair of an existing structure, provided the use
of the lot and/or structure has not changed.
Site plan approval , as detailed herein, shall be required for all structures and
p _L -ties located within the Special Flood
proposed uses of property all proper
Hazard Area Overlay District.
PART X11. That Article 14 Site Plan Approval Procedures Section 14.2 Professional Design and
. Certification be amended to read as follows: I
Section 14.2.1 PROFESSIONAL DESIGN AND CERTIFICATION
24
Each site plan shall be prepared by a registered engineer, landscape architect, architect, or
land surveyor; however, in some cases, professional design and certification of the plan
may not be required. These exceptions include, but are not limited to the following:
a. Proposed additions to existing permitted non- residential structures where the use
of the structure and lot has not changed and the floor area is not increased more
than twenty -five percent (25 %); and
b. Accessory structures to existing permitted non- residential structures where
vehicular use area is not extended and changes to existing grade are not more than
one (1.0) foot in elevation.
C. Single - family detached dwellings and duplexes, and accessory structures to such
uses when located in the University Lake Watershed (ULW) District.
d. Large day care homes, as defined in Article•22, Definitions.
e. Rural Guest Establishments with three (3) guestrooms or less - Bed & Breakfasts.
Any and all projects proposing the development of property located within the Special
Flood Hazard Area Overlay District shall be required regardless of the proposed land use,
to submit a site plan prepared by a registered engineer, landscape architect. or land
surveyor in accordance with the provisions herein.
PART XIV. That Article 14 Site Plan Approval Procedures be amended creating a new Section
14.6 Floodplain development permit and certification requirements for properties within I
the Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District to read as follows:
Sec 14.6 Floodplain 'development Permit and certification requirements for
Properties within the Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District.
furnished by him or her prior to any development activities proposed to be
located within flood prone areas.
The following items / information shall be presented to the Flood
plain
Administrator to Mly for a floodplain development permit.
W
a) A plot plan drawn to scale which shall include, but shall not be limited
to. the following sDecific details of the proposed floodDlain
development:
L The nature, location, dimensions; and elevations of the area of
development/disturbance, existing and proposed structures,
driveways, gfihjy systems, gacjing/pqvement areas, fill
materials, storage areas, drainage ' facilities, and other
development;
ji. The boundary of the SFHA as delineated on the FERM or other
flood Map as determined in Section 4.2.3 8 or a statement that the
entire lot is within the SFHA, •
iii. Flood zone(s) designation of the o p
L-posed development area as
determined on the FIRM or other flood map as determined in
Section 4.2.38,
iv. The boundary of the floodway(s) or non-encroachment area(s) as
determined in Section 4.2.38•
V. The Base Flood Elevation (BFE) where provided as set forth in
Section 4.2.38-, Section 21.11 (11/12). or Section 6.32.1;
vi. The old and new location of any watercourse that will be altered
or relocated as a result of proposed developmental
vii. Preparation of the plot plan by or under the direct supervision of
a North Carolina licensed professional Land Surveyor or
Professional Engineer and certified by them.
b) Proposed elevation, and method thereof, of all development within a
SFHA including but not limited to:
L Elevation in relation to mean sea level of the proposed reference
level (including basement) of all structures,'
ii. Elevation in relation to mean sea level to which any non-
residential structure in Zone AE will be flood- proofed,
iii. Elevation in relation to mean sea level to which any proposed
gWfty systems will be elevated or flood proofed,
c) If flood proofing, a flood proofing certificate and back-up plans from a
registered professional engineer or architect cerb :hdng that the non-
residential Rood proofed development will meet the flood-proofing
_
criteria in Section 6.32.2.
d) A Foundation Plan drawn to scale, which shall include details of the
proposed foundation system to ensure all provisions of this Ordinance
are met. These details include* but are not limited to:
L Proposed applicable (i.e., fill, soli
posed method of elevation, if gpL
foundation perimeter wall, solid backfiHad foundation, open
foundation on columns/posts/piM/piles/shear wall);
OR
Enu,
.g �Laliza�tuion of _hy—drostatic flood forces on
WaUS according to section 6.32.2(5),.- when —solid foundation
erimeter walls are used in Zones
el Usage details of any enclosed :)ace below
the regulatory flood
protection —elevation.
Plans and/or details r the rotection of jublic utilities and facilities
such as sewer as electrical and water systems to be located and
constructed to minimize flood damage;
Copy of all other Local State and Federal - ermits required prior to
floodplain development permit issuance (i.e. Wetlands, Erosion and
Sedimentation Control Riparian Buffers , Mining, etc-
h) if the Flnodt)lain Administrator issues aloodplaindevelopment permit
for ---
al vehicles and/or tempgM structures
documentation to ensure compliance with Section 6.3L2-L5- and --D Of
—
this ordinance.
i) If.awatercourse is proposed to b e altered r relocated. a description
eerin
of the -C
re Ort on the effects of the proposed protect on the
located both
c shown on
upstream and downstream• and a map drawn to scale, (if not p
lot lap showin 9 the location alteration
or relocation.
14.6.2. IF110011)(111plain Development Permit Data RMIgirement. The following
information shall be mr vided at a minimum the flood lain develop meat ,p ermit to
ensure compliance with this Ordinance.
a A description of the development .. Sment under the _floodplaindpvelo development
12cm3it issuance.
b. The SFHA,.determination for the proposed development per available
data
c. The re ato flood vrotec—tinn elevation '"i'd for the reference
level and all attendant
d. The regulatory flood protection elevation required for the protection of
all public utilities.
e. All certification submittal requirements with timelines-
1 material shall encroach into the floodwgv . or
non-encroach—m— en— t a— re— a — of any —watercourse if applicable.
A
S s ec I minimum foundation--W-PAW-119
the MMIM,
Mj&_e_menIs
h State limitations of ow BFF, enclosure uses applicable) such as,
pazking building access and limited stora e onl
14.6.3. Certification requirements
a An Elevation Certificate (FEMA Form 81-31) or Flood Proofing
Certificate v4A Form 81-6 5 required after the reference level is
com leted. Within twee -one 21. calendar
flood level elevation _or_flo — oO_fmF by whatever
B reference _Rr
construction means whichever is applicable it shall be the duty of the
ermit holder to qlibrnit to the Flood lain Administrator certification
flood elevation
of the elevation
whiche-ver is a lic able, in relation to me-an sea level. Said certification
W—by direct spipervision of, a North
shall be r or under the direct s
AL-_p re
Carolina licensed professional Land Surveyo r Professional Engineer
and certified by them. Any work done wIttma. ifi
calendar period and before submission of the cert cation shall be at the
dmini shall review
D lain administrator 12 L holder's risk � The flood akl
J21 trato the
certificate data submitted- Deficiencies detected by such -review shall be
corrected by-t-e -permit holder immediate) and before further work
'Failure to submit the certification or failure
to make required corrections shall be cause to issue a stop -work order
for the project.
Certificate - is EMU-'
b. A . construction is completed and--Tnor _10 Certificate of
after construction y of the. h
CpMLhance/OggMano _IsSI_
holder to submit to the Flood lain Administratora certification of final
as -built construction of the elevation, of the reference level and all
atten'dant, utilities. Elevation certification shall be prepared by or under
the direct su envision of a North C-a-r-Ohia-- licensed -PrO—fess'onal —Land
Surveyor or Professional Engineer and certified by the same. The
review the certificate data submitted.
Dcficiencies detected by Flo lain Administrator shall r��v!ev�
such review snail be cuLluu the "M MY permit
holder immediately and prior to Certificate of Comphance /Occupancy certification may be required to
iss the
c be cause
certification P--CY--
to withhold the issuance of
c. if a manufactured home is placed within Zone AE and the elevation of
the chassis is more than -six 36) inches in height an engineered
foundation certification is required per Section 6.32.2(3).
d. If a watercourse is to be altered-or relocated, a descri ption of the extent
Of watercourse alteration or relocation• _ an engineering report on the
effects of the proposed project on the flood - carrying c9P491ftY Of the
watercourse and the effects to ro erties located both u stream and
downstream- and a ma drawn to scale showin the location of the
nronosed watercourse alteration or relocation shall all be submitted by
the permit applicant prior to issuance of a floodplain development
e. Certification Exem Lions. The followin structures if located within.
Zone AE are exem t from the elevation/flood Proofing certification
re uirements s ecified in items a. and b. above:
i Recreational vehicles meetim requirements of Section 6.32.2(5);
u Temporary structures meeting- requirements of Section 6.32.2(71;
and
ui Accessory Structures with aiiy dimension that is twelve 12 feet
or eater in hem ht width or de th meeting re ai ements of
Section 6.32.2(8).
PART XV. That Article 20 Amendments Section 20.3.2 Contents of Application be amended by
creating a new subsection (g), and re- numbering the existing regulation, reading as
follows:
fl A traffic impact study as required by Article 13.
g) For amendments to the Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District the followin
information shall be submitted pertaininy to a Letter of Map Amendrr'ent an elevation
certificate with either an MT -1 MT -2 or MT -EZ —forms available tbrou rGivth vi
a "No Impact" analysis for a Letter of Man Revision.
h) All other circumstances, factors and reasons which the applicant offers in support of
the proposed Zoning Atlas and/or Zoning Ordinance text amendment.
PART XVI. That Article 21 Administration be amended by creating a new Section 21.9 entitled
Additional Administrative Provisions for the Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District
reading as follows:
Area
Section 21.9 Additional Administrative Provisions for the S (cial Flood Hazard
Overlay District.
Section 21.9.1 Administration:
e d to
The Zonis Officer or his/her deli ee shall hezeinafter be refrre
"Fl.00dplain Administrator" is shall hereby be appointed to
as the
to
administer and im lement the rovisions of this vrainau�� l�la
the develo went and enforcement of various rovisions associated
with:
i) Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District and
29
j)_State and Federal regulations concerning floo-dWain development
See- 11.9.2 Duties and IrpeDonsibilities of the Flood lain Administrator.
or shall include but not be limited to:
Duties of the Flood lain Administrator 110L uy-
1. Review all flood lain development applications and issue Hermits
for all proposed development
that the re uiremenis of ; Ordinance have been'sati
2. Advise permittee that additional Federal or State Hermits (i.e.
Wetlands, Erosion and Sedimentatiion Control ' ari Suffers,
Minin etc. ma be re uired and if qneciflc Federal or State
permits are known, require that copies of such permits be
dRIa development
prgy -
:ided. and maintained. on file with the
p
3. Notify adjacent communities and the North Carolina Department
of Crime Control Public Safety Division of Emergency
Manageme_nt�State�Coo�rdi�mnator�tor _nIe INr pnor to MY
alteration or relocation of a watercourse, and submit evidence of
such notification to -FEMA.
4. Ensure that maintenance is provided �y!iffiin the altered or
relo purse so that We 11099:9MUMr;,
capacity is not diminished.
5. Prevent ftoodw ays and non - encroachment
But
areas unless the certification
and tIooCL hazard reduction--
lio
3jsions comply with Section 6.32.3.
6 Obtain ac, to mean. sea level) of. the
reference level (including .
basement) of all attendant utilities of all
new oz substantially )ved structures according to Sectton
IL6131.
7 Obtain the actual elevation (in relation to mean sea level ) to
which the new or istantiall un roved structures and All
utilities have been igod Rr oofed to Section 14.6(3)-.
according -
8. relation to mean sea level) of all
public utilities according to Section 14.6(3 .
9. when flood proofin is utilized fora particular . structure, Obtain
certifications from a North Carolina licensed Professional
En ' eer oz Architect ding to Section 6.32.2.
10. Where inte relation is needed as to the exact -location of
boundaries of the SHIAL(Lor �exam*e, where -there appears to be
a conflict --between --a--M--aMed- bound ga and actual field
Me
p interpretation.
the ne e_s_J__
The person
conditions) make the Recess
contesting the location of the bounds shall. be given
reasonableporiunity to anneal the intemreiaiton as provided m
Section 2.3.6.2.
1. When BFE data have not been provided . according to section
.11 . --y-PIV . 1�_I . . data, glop 4.2.3 '_ obtain. review and reasonably utilize.
with IRgdwa data and/or non-encroachment area data —available
r
,ou
from a Federal, State, Or Other Lee -- d
,including data —eveloped
pursuant to Section 6 32.2 in order to administer the provisions
,
of this Ordinance.
When M, data is pLovided, but no floodwav A2E_ non-
-
n E rEa hn �t azoa
data has been provided
according
to
Sec
t
i
E-2-38 � obt review �an d reasonably f0 od w a data,
and/or non - encroachment a r ea data available from Federal
Sta t e or other so m c m older to dm1m st e r the rovisio ns this
Ordinanc
13. When the exact lo
c
to
n o
fb 0u
nda
d
s f
S A
conflict
wi th the c natural topography information the
property owner ma and be approved
a Letter of Map
A men d m en t (COMA) b T h 0� d Iqm r
permggtntly maintain on ain on
of this ,,..Ordinance and make these records available for ymb_uc
inspection durina normal business hours.
15 As the work
pursuant to a floo�lain development permit progresses , - the
Floodplain Administrator shall make as many inspections of the
work as may be necessary to ensure that the work is being done
accordin to the rovisions of the local ordinance and the terms
of the hermit In exercisingL this power the Floodplain
Administrator has a right, upon presentatton of proper credentials,
to enter on any premises within the iunsdiction of e Orange
County at any reasonable hour for the pumoses of inspection or
other enforcement action.
16. Maintain a m
a
en
the FIS Report FIlZM and/or ocher official flood
es
adopted under Section
revisions thereto including T nMA issued by State and/or FEMA.
17. Notify State —and —F—E—M—A-0f mapping needs.
Issue stop work orders as Leguired. Whenever . a building or art
thereof is being constructed �reconstructed ,..altered , or repaired it
violation of this Ordinance, the ll odplain Administrator m
31
.Order the work to be immediately sMRed The stop-work order
shall be in writing and directed to the person doing the work and
the owner shall be sent via the U.S. mail. The stop -work
order shall state the, stopped, specific
0.��s specific work to be, sL i under which the
reasons) for the stoppage and the conditions) under
work matbe resumed Violation of a stop -work order constitutes
a Class Three (3) misdemeanor.
19 Revocation of floodplain development permits, as required. The
Floodplain Administrator may revoke and reauue the return of
the floodplain development permit b�notifying the permit holder
in writinstating the reasons) for the evocation. Permits shall
be from the approved
failure to
a ligation laps or. s ecifications for refusal or co
statements or misrepresentations made in securing in
An 00
violation of an applicable State or local law mmay also be revoked.
_
2Q. Make periodic inspections-through—Out all 'SFHAs within the
Orange. County jurisdiction The Floodplain Administrator
all
each member of the Planning, -and Inspecttons Deparm�.ent have a right upon presentation of proper credentials to enter on
any premises within the territorial jurisdiction of the department
at any reasonable hour for the pumoses of inspection or other
enforcement action.
21. Follow through with corrective procedures of Section
22. Coordinate Letters of Map Change and FIS/FIRM revisions with
other Coun de . and FEMA
M Vartinents, State of North Carolina
See. 21.9 .3 Establishment of fligiodplain development permit.
A Roo dplain development permit shall be required conforming to the
provisions of this Ordinance prior, to the commencement of any
devglo
went activities within SRM as determined in Section 4 2.38.
PART XVEL That Article 22 Deflufflons be amended by adding the following definitions:
. tj -, in the floor area or height of a building or
Addition (to I - an extension or increase in �tur, Roul
structure, including adding new plumbing electrical , or,HVAC systems.
Area of special flood hazard See "Special Flood Hazard Area Lb SFHA) Overlay District'
i ision of this Ordinance
Appeal -- A request from a review of an administrative jpjWretat on of any -ro-
by the Board of Adjustment.
32
f 11 percent chance of being paled or exceeded-in any given year.
Base flood -- The flood having a one
Z
It is often referred to as the 100-year MOM
Base flood elevation (B A determination as )ublished in the Flood Insurance Stud y of the water
surface elevations of the base flood.
Basement Anv area of the building havin its floor sub grade (below around levell) on, —all sides.
Chemical storage facili -- A buildin ortion of a buildin or exterior area adjacent to a building used
for the storage of any chemical or chemically reactive products.
I but not limited
Devel constructed char MI roved or roved real estate, includjng� —b
4m— mari;ncr nnvinpr- excavation or drilling
aerations ,0-r- storage — of equipment or mater
Disposal - the dispbgge. dg posit, injection dum: in s illin leakin or lacin of any solid waste into
or on M land or water so that the solid waste or an constituent Rart -RL the -solid -waste ma y enter the
environment or be emitted into the air or discharged into an waters., includinoundwater.
Elevated Buffdi A non - basement b which has its reference level raised sb'nve ground 1-Y14
UZ=B_,basemenI
by foundation walls shear waU-sposts, piers, pilings, or columns with ----t' o --P on—ings sufficient to facilitate automatic equalization of hydrostatic 1100a forces on exterior walls by allowin _eptry and exit of
floodwaters and the unim eded movement of floodwaters.
Encroachment - The advance or infrin Dement Of uses fill excavation buildings ermanent structures or devglopment into a f o o dplain which may impede or alter the flow capacity
of afloo-dp-1
ENJ fing Construction -- Structures for which the "start of construction" commenced before March 16
1991. This term may also be _referred to as "existing structures."
I -- a manufactured home Park
Existing manufactured home park or .m ti -g
e prevention p=oses, the construction of facili es for servicing
or subdivision for which for flooddamag p - I
-=--A t—n1rul;ncr nt nminimum. the installation of
completed before March- -16., 1981.
Flood and flooding I I ieneral and temporary _p
o rcon diion f
partial or complete inundation of normally
da,land areas from the overflow of inland or tidal waters and the unusual and ra pid accumulation of
runoff of surface waters
from �ansoource-
Flood Lri:n )ortion of the SFHA outside of the floodwa as defined in the FIS and with the
-ge - That 2 1" of
of the 100 -year floodplain
Flood Insurance -- The insurance coverage �rovid�edun�derthe �NafignalFl�oodjn�surmce Insurance gam
ma 11"IERA1111 ad d Oran e County map, jm�d by the FEM A on
Flood insurance rate i -- An officia9l.aq:liigl,!R:lll,Ll!e:-���
MYR _ P.- - able to the coon are
which both the Special Flood Hazard Areas and the -risk r��" �zpp�p
-A�r
be official 0 9 as, for Orange Counjy . as the
al Z nin Atlas are incorporated within the o
delineated. These areas
Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District.
33
well as FIRMs, if A -she
source and is )le terms.
management —regulations.
flood hazard
The. o eration corrective- and xeyentive measure
in the
Flood --A "Pruina and enhan-im— natural resources 11, where �Ossib�lena�t
management regulations , and Men- space plans.
PILV"r, reducing reduc flood loss and damage.
,Provide standards for preventing
Flood Proofing -- 80 cOmDulauu-u " OLL"'
- - - - --
structures which reduce or eliminate risk of flood dama e to real estate or im roved real roe rty, water
and sanitation facilities or structures with their contents.
M orat:ry Ul UaL
one f 1 foot. This term.. may also be referred to as "regidglMil odwgy.'.'
v 10
area.
Floor. - -See "Lowest Floor ".
�inthe determination of flood elevations.
- --
uncertainties , )n of flood
located in close roXlml TO WMM Z)Utu UO does pot..include lop -ter
unloading of Ur on or passen ers s " gilding, or.ghip Mair. The term
§Lora a manufacture facilities.
Resources.
34
H! est Ii
---
construction next to the ro osed walls of the structure.
Historic structure -- Anv structure that is:
L' Listed _individual) y in the National Register of historic ic
._ 1%�r act r.rP.tSrV Ofinterior m meeting the
req ui cements for individual listing on the National Register;
C aEy of interior as contributin Y to the historical
2. C&rti ed or prelimin Preliminarily determined hi I i : I
sigWficance of a registered historic district or a district —
as (I historic
U 1. as a registered historic district historic landmarks in �comrqunitie . s with a "Certified
Local Government CLG 3. Ihdi��� on a local inv it -of the Interior
Pro gr[qmm,,! which has been be�en gpproved by the DgpgAtr�nent 0 �he In .110r,
4. or on'a local invep!M of historic P—laces.k communities with hi!todc p!es ti on
nropTam as rleter�eu�y ro ro am that have be�encLp-eifi�dbeit�ers �an �a 01 ry of C te rior or cr:i�a !�e Esecret of the or or dicr of the in MU!s-
Low The elevation of the ound sidewalk, -pAtLjo slab or dedL50p—Ort
immedig Ul next to the building after completion of the buildipg.
Lowest floor -- The sub floor . top of slab or grade of the lowest enclosed area (including cans q
unfinished or flood resistant- eqnclosure, usable s for arkin of vehicles building-access or hm�ted
o,,s lowest floor ded that s
sto basement area Jti UVL considered a badi�n�12 - -pley enclosure is not built so as o render the structure in violation of the apphLeable desi n
non
an
requirements of this Ordinance.
Manufactured arcels of land divided into two or
more manufactured home lots for ctured home ark or subdivision
rent or sale.
Market Val y_H LLLLUJ� — market will bear. An but ende{Ac tablished b hat the local real estate mar seller), ases-EaDUSAW D scrICIMLY al Cash Value)
or adiusted assessed values.
d determine datum used.
shown.on a FIRM referenced. to each FIRMA panel to dpte�e datum
New se uent im rovements to'such structures.
Non - Encroachment area -- The channel of a river or other watercourse and the adjacent land areas that
without v ace
cumulative) increasing the water surf
must be reserved order to discharge the base flood
elevation more than one (1) foot as- designated �inthe Flood Insurance Study report.
of being carried downstream.
Pr jmnx -- r,,nef-pirtion or other develo men which . s 1981.
—AIII -- Anvthimz. or health o
Uds UC;UJLL III C.
residential to two , iKc��
Reined a vioiaiion -- To n y the structure or other i
Oranue �Count �Iaws �andre qtion&-
Re etitive Ioss Flood related damages sustained by a Is
41.- —+ f%f rf.-nnim at the
egu tre before the amage Oc d.
comparative sales,
35
he
ial
mt
Ive,
FE
Dn-
whatsoever whether industrial or n---nTnm
-,
and related machinery.
IIIC1I— .......... .
commercial and agricultural �Oprations, and from community activities.
Solid waste di 30sal site lace at which solid wastes are dis'
landfal or any other method.
W.
Special flood hazard area (SFRA) -_ The land in the floodplain subiect to a one (11 percent or heater
chance of being flooded in any OyC
,n ear,,termjned jn Section 4.2.39 of this Ordinance as defined
by the base flood elevation. The -01aed gpecial flood hazard area OR roximates the base flood elevation.
Special Flood ood Hazard Area Overly v MAMA& All overly v district egghlighing g-p" for
development for properties within identified flo-O&I—ains-
rovement, and )—ermit was
Start of Construction - Includes substantial lacement
issued, pEQpLded the actual start of construction, r first
or other jMDroy—ement was wi I.- 180 d s of the ermit date. The actual start means either the
n of a placement of permanent construction structure
pouring.of slabs or fo Aings, installation of piles, -construction does
Of excavgggaLgiAM Dlacement of a manufactured home on a foundation..
installation of
not include land pMaratioil, such as foundations streets and walkways nor does access
the erection of temporary pgLary-forms*
ture. For a
buildings, such asgarages or sheds not
OREM
ction. means the first alteration p any wall, ceiling,
substantial improvement the actual start of construction
floor. or other structural part of the buildin whether or not that alteration affects the external dimensions
of the
. Damage of any origin sustained b a structure during any one year period
_whereby the cost of restoring the Substantial damage structure to its before damaged condition would equal or exceed fifty
50 ercent of the market value of the structure the damage occurred. See definition of
49su flood-related dams e sustained bv a structure
which the cost of mairs at the time of each
such on flood event on the avers e e uals or exceeds twee -five (25) percent of the market value of the structure before the damage _�urrgd,
h
Substantial jMpr ivent it Any combination of re Dairs reconstruction rehabilitation addition l or other
kWLoveraent of a structure, taking place during an one year . eriod whereby the cost of which ,eq uals or
exceeds fift (59�. percent of the market value of the structure before the start of construction of the
b2roydment. This term. includes . structures which have incurred substantial dams a regardless of the
actual =air work performed. The term does not, however include eitgL.Priy correction of*existing
violations of State or Orange Coup V
health ,sanitag.—or c ecificati ns which have been
--sateM _
Sp
identified by the Orange Cggply code enforcement official and wincl, are me minimum
�ide
assure safe living conditions o - _r an alteration of a _y- historic structure. historic structure rovided that the alteration well not
p r, the structure's continued designation As a hi
Water surface elevation -(W-SE) -- The...hei ht , in relation to mean sea level of floods of various
magnitudes and freq uencies in the flood lain - of coastal or riverine are
to fqat��reo�.o� or which
Watercourse -- A liake., Aver, creek, stream, wash, channel or other too hi�c LJJJ�LL
waters flow . t least p . dically.Watercourse substantial
flood damage may occur.
Violation =- The failure of a,.structure, use or develo pment to be fiffly coin hiant or is inconsistent with
an Kovision of this Ordinance. A structure or other development without the elevation certificate other
RE
certifications or other. evidence of com fiance Mquired in this Ordinance
until such time as that documentation is p_rovided.
PART XV11L That Article 22 Definitions be amended be revising the following definitions.
Accessory structure . (Appurtenant Structure) -_ Any structure that is located on the same parcel of
propertyor lot as the principal structure and. houses an accessory use with any dimension greater than
twelve (12) feet shall not exceed 400 s ware feet or one sto and t is incidental to the use of the
principal structure.
Manufactured home -- A dwelling unit, transportable in one or more sections that:
Is not constructed in accordance with the standards of the North Carolina Uniform
Residential Building Code for One- and Two-Family Dwellings;
Is composed of one or more components, each of which was substantially assembled in a
manufacturing plant and designed to be transported to the home site 611 its own chassis,
(iii) Exceeds forty (40) feet in length and eight (8) feet in width,
required the Secrej= of
(iv) The manufacturer voluntarily files certification �re the
F Housing and _KMWRL� the standazds
Dppartment of Housi Urban Development ou
established, and
(iv) Is built on a - -ermanent chassis and desi ed to be used with or without a permanent
foundation when ,connected to the required utilities.
Recreational vehicle (RV) *— A self-propelled or towed vehicle, qualified to be licensed by the
appropriate State agency and is built . on a sin le chassis 400 squarq feet or less when measured at the
lamest horizontal projection, ding short term recreational living accommodations, designed primarily
�ntal ro�jectioE I ellin but as temV9LM living qugder_s for recreational cam in travel or
not for use as a anent dw
seasonal use.
Structure -- Any walled and roofed buildin a manufactured home, or azams or li uid stora e tank that
above ground, constructed or erected to a height of thirty (30)
which is built or constructed, principally a�oy�_
_
inches or more, including but not limited to load bearing walls, columns, beams or girders.
PART XX That . Article Twenty-three Enforcement be amended by adding a new Section 23.5
entitled Additional Corrective Procedures —Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District
Standards
Section 2-3.5 Corrective Procedures Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District
Standards
Section 23.5.1 Actions in Event of a Violation:
Identified violations of the Special Flood Hazard Area Overlap --District !hall
be sent a Notice of Violation. The shall. detail. the nature o
1 :-- of the
violation and schedule a-hearina with the Flood lain Administrator to
review the situation.
This hearing �shffi _beheldb�fgrethe Flood lain Administrator at a
desi ated lace and time not later than ten (10) business "a s after the
M.,
date of the Notice- at which time the owner shall be entitled to be heard in
person orb counsel and t_o2r qs present arguments and evidence pertaining
the matter.
Following the heAnpuff.- the Flooddp-lain such —order
the
to alter , vacate or demolish the b Ming; or to remove, fill as app ears
appropriate.
See 23.5.2 Or-der to Take Corrective Action:
If u on a hearin held ursuant to the notice rescribed above the
Floodplain Administrator shall find that the building or development is in
violation of this Ordinance he or she sitatl mate an order in kg to the
owner requiring the owner to remedy the violation within ag�ified Itime
period -not less than sixty
Where the Flood lain Administrator finds that �t�herpe-_is imminent danger to
life or other pLopggy, he or she .MAY-2���action be�
such lesser period as may be fblL
See Z3.5.3 - Appeal:
An —n order to take corrective action may appeal
owner who received a
the order to the local elected governing body by gl)dpg —notice of appeal in
HdgAg:,_jtog jtheL h _F Mloo _lain Administrator and the clerk within 'ten (1
_-dp
business days following, issuance of the final order.
order of �th,
In the absence of an goeal , Fj�oodla�i�A
be final. The Board Adjustinell shall hear an gpp - within a Tt;USU.UdL?J.V
�- �ffi - a�ndaffi�mor revoke the order.
eQ i � �a �Mm modify
See 23-5A Failure to COMPIV with Order:
If the owner of a building or roe Ety fails to cum 1 r with an order to take
1— *ki-pn t54L-i-.n nr fails to comply
WJUL auL VLU%I.L M L b punished in the a Class Three (3) misdemeanor and Dotty of
discretion of the court.
PART SM. That Article Twenty-four Legal Status Provisions and Effective Date of the Zoning
Ordinance be amended by adding the following to Section 24.2 and new Sections
24.4 Interpretation, Section 24.5 Effect on rights and liabilities under the existing
flood damage prevention ordinance, and Section 24.6:
Section 24.2 Abrogation and greater restrictions.
This Ordinance is not intended to repeal, abro ate or impair M existing ease-M-e-n-ts-,
covenants, or deed restriction's. However where this Ordinance and an other Ordinance
conflict or overlap whichever imposes the more stringent restrictions shall prevail. -
39
Section 24.5 Interpretation.
In the interpretation and application of this Ordinance, all provisions shall be:
a. Considered as minimum requirements;
b. Liberally construed in favor of the governing body; and,
c. Deemed to neither limit nor repeal any other powers granted under State statutes.
Sec. 24.6 Effect on rights and liabilities under 'the existing flood damage
,Qreven Ion ordinance.
This Ordinance in part comes forward ..by re- enactment of some of the revisions of the
Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance enacted March 2 1981 as amended and it is the
intention to r�lace re enact and continue to enforce without interruption of such existing
revisions so that all ri hts and liabilities that have accruea herewidGi GLLG reserve and
ma be enfozced. The enactment of this Resolution shall not affecfi an action suit or
roceedin instituted or endin . All revisions of the Flood Dam a Prevention
ded which are not
Ordinance of Orange
Coun enacted on March 2 1981 as amen
reenacted herein, are repealed.
Sec 24.7 Disclaimer of Liability — Flood Regulations
The de gee of flood refection re aired b this Ordinance is considered reasonable but
does not imply total flood protection.
PART XXII. The FIRM is hereby amended by LOMR with an effective date of August 7, 2008.
1. Letters of Man Amendment
a, 07 04 -6156R (dated January 8, 2008),
b. 08 O4 -2897A (dated April 10 2008).
C. D8-04-2898A _ (dated April 2
d. 08-04-2899A (dated April 10 2008), and.
e. 08-04-2900A (dated Mav 22, 2008).
2 Letters of Map Revision
f, 06 04 B022P (dated February 3 2007)
g. 06 04 C141P (dated November 5, 2007),
h. 07-04-6156R (dated January 9 2008) and
i, 08 04-1666P (An, lust 7 2008).
3. Sumnnary of Man Amendment #115 -CWG (C) dated Mav 16 2008.
PART XMII. That Section I Purpose, Authority, Jurisdiction, Private Property Rights and
Applications to be Processed Expeditiously of the Subdivision Regulations is
hereby amended as follows:
I F Special Flood Hazard Area Standards.
Section 6 32 of the Orange County Zoning Ordinance is hereby adopted by reference.
all
PART XXIIV. Section H. Definitions of the Subdivision Regulations is hereby amended by adding
the following definitions and deleting the eidsting definitions as follows:
iuundated-h�����
"Flo cc of being flooded in any ypg_y_ ear as
determined in the Flood Dama a Frevention Ordinance. The flood s d to as the special
ed in the .,Fe LBmerZenct MaragqTent
00 as, where the base flood elevation has been
Agen-c Flood Insurance ate gVs as
determined and Zone where no base flood elevation has been determined."
be
"F1 Pedw he channel of a river or other watercourse and the gdjacent. land areas that Must
---m means t increasin g the water surface elevation
reserved in order to discharge the base flood without cumul ativgLly
in so be referred to as the �re �ato f�loodw�a."
more than e�-jfoo�t
This term may
hazard areas refer to areas mapped in the Federal gengy Management Aggncy Flood
j2 cialflo qng- with an effective date of Februaly 2. 2007 as Zone AE for areas, where the base
Insurance Rate T%4, Due & on has been determined."
flood elevation
PART XXV. That the orange County Zoning Atlas is hereby amended to create the Special Flood
Hazard Area (SERA) Overlay District incorporating data from the
aforementioned amended FIRM maps onto the Zoning Atlas, and
PART XXV. The Orange County Mood Damage Prevention Ordinance is hereby rescinded in its
present form and is no longer in effect.
Adoption certification. I hereby certify that this is a true and correct copy of the amendments to the
Zoning Ordinance and Subdivision Regulations, as adopted by the Board of County Commissioners of
Orange County, North Carolina, on the --Aay of - 2009.
WITNESS my hand and the official seal of, this the — day of • 2009•
Donna Baker Seal:
Clerk to BOCC
PART XXVI. This Ordinance shall be effective upon adoption. Adopted this the _ day
of 2009, upon motion of Commissioner seconded by
Commissioner
L Donna Baker, Clerk to the Board of commissioners for the County of Orange, North Carolina,
DO HEREBY CERTIFY that the foregoing is a true copy of so much of grand gs d Bt
a meeting held on, 2009 as relates in any way to the adoption of the forego that said proceedings
are recorded in the minutes of said Board.
WITNESS my hand and the seal of said County, this _ day of 12009.
Clerk to the Board of commissioners
•
•• •
Attachment:Two (2): Maps of FIRM amendments and proposed Special Flood Hazard Area
„ ,..
...,r ... , -..
Overlay District
• 41- ..- m, MIMS 1111112F.MM... .... .mai_.. . ... . ..
• -----,--0' tck- A ...7trollMMIlli. ,•-. .ra - ,•. -,-..-.---.-6 --..- '-,i. *.:,,t r -0 il•: .
II
•• ..--,- ,, --......_ ..-:-.1„.4...: - .., ........„ ,......--- --"- ,.;:- ...„.„,-
••:;"•...:: 1 :1•711771.7..7 ...!.:. ir,,,.:,...-..,..,...= :7411A11. ,...' ".; --'',' .j -,..'. ''•.Pf:. ,1 ' 7, ro swi",
' .• -
.,;;;; •44-1v1. _.: ,..-.,,,5-E'r•*.. ..,,,,..i,..,..e:113-•=t-1; - .._ .
*1:41; :Wul :,Wil;'-:: =as.41
- • I ..,4111. '7•16./•••""111.. l '' 4' folk
..00 • ,_,,,:.„ ,,k• •I 1 !
l'''''.:*;• -1 •-t,• 1.• --..:--'••111-K • - -14-:-
F• ..ii .*r•-"'" .. . '..,.• ."rV••.;:. --:- ...„ it.' V._,.1;.-
" I•=. '
. , ..T i-' .6i'.. •Iii,' '•.:•••• , • ,"7,,,- r ,.., ..„,;...•..,.., .ilf.. ■ z...1,-..t. :'-.71 . ....,..-.1 1k''''''. '1,!, • '.. .....2.-4".
...!it , :4_=-711 qf.,,41 f= li ,J,4111
.. . „.... ,...., ._g., ,t7.....,, r :19:6r2116 .,:.S41...' - ., .. . ....1.4' .„..,,,.. oi.:: -7............__IE.,.:-,-'-'451 t '. ■
4:'';-,-' :, ' . I.- 1.A..k..A . .;•=1,-.:::::-- - •_ - -.4 .9., . 4.''' r •,:-.0•_:fr-.,-,-,. ..„,i-- ;
. .... ;, • i
--..t,..- :, . : .. -;1.4-N•4,---i I. ,.,,,,,,, .. .... ... .„ ".,. ..'4.-----. -7- ,:i„
• 1 .A... .7t. • ,u,--h,...i -a• -. - • •• .;::. ,.. :-..i . ri,:, .: -- 4.- •, 1,4. 4•7......' '''''';'21 1...1 • ''' ,
s. .• .. • ..• ...., :k:..!:e.''',_. i, ;r1....,.. •,
•,*.S.,, ,
• Al,..1 '•rriz:, .. ....4.y.,en.,ter:f. V:.1. i
,.. Frvt-A.6;t....L.,..-,. . ,. , ,,;;;;;-_-•o, .:.,•1,;,i.-1,. , ... I ...
., .:-..7 , , • - • '.4
• •-•VC, . .! • . . • 0 • , • ,,_,. i,S,.. 1••; I
I .
. 0"' .44e. q;F'• •,1' •k 1. toa;f1s; '
. ,.jd„, .141,... :
. 1 ! .V$ ";...''. ' l-r- nr"... ,
,41 ,.,:• .4. jr,i'',:ft...- 4,-. '
[
v.1.'r'',,, 'N.r*Eg 1;1 •i, 1411
4 :::1 1..• F.:• ..7E`71-vi
'.414;it..**1,71:1,- •. -11.,..:''' l'i-,,* ii. •-• V 417:4. 'k 1*I .;..1...., 1 --=. :.-r;•-•
•10,.,. . z.:,,. , -;:_,-, ; .-
•,,,,,,,..,• , 1...• ,,, .• -: -.u.,, •• ..,,,,,. . ...
ic ..I :lir, I..,-;. .,,E•'...t.:,-..,..--..-.7t -. ',.....A.
It.'efrills#:',,. .:41 ....;...,r.....,24v;
'
..,._,d..- - / - .
----- -0 ... .14_:. ..4';'':••.r. 1-`*,,• ,--.... '11 4 t .._ '
. . 67.
--7,t'YR",z....>„,---‘1...1z.„ '-.,,-""tt ,Y1Ri-••--------. 7..---. ,. ,;......„: ..:, I.. -.. , 1:_li%R:,.,,r -4m..,.„„.,,-.4 --... i.,1 4 1 .
7:---,- - ,.,:::::;',..1..... .- g' 7 - • .• - •,,g1/..01 -.., .1,- 4 P;..211. ..741,4-,-I; I...-:•*.'4'r"' I i 1
RiVII! • pa.•'1'4 Alr'••il,,..,ro, - :*1, . '*-1*:- - :,, ;ti.g.k101 • ILtAi.-.1i"V .,,, ''' ' •
;:z.,..;j,;q; „ . •';'°-;...• ;It*‘.15.,11-''',Thk--;' '• • :It sdilW*,__=;;_,...,..,--,;--*-0.'1 .,..re.,-.,1,L.-;;;;4:-...:::P 1: --7,r;• -;,I.*
2: ,-- ,..1-.;D•-1':- --IS:11.1;le 'Y:ili'y's-.g.'--■-"nrie ; . • . ''' '-gm.r•A'•- • I ' .,••''': ' ' 1. 1' • pi',..,..•'.. • ,
77,::::***••:`,,,,2 ii!ser-.--=-71'474.4%.f.„-eiri t-f.:. . . , : ,.-r zEckir,-• II ---h ,:1,,;.•:-....Y.t-
,
:„...4 i ,,:..:•,,,...-.,::-, •- .1 qv..:1,2% ....-:-.-l',F41:: - cir, .5,• ' ;. ,:-. ,_:,7'' 9 ,'•.% •14 LI.
,
1...;,6,.... 4.'- -.'•."'1-,P. ;S. l' -;''•'•'1)54,,A L.-4117'.•:..14 41. • .1-1 •).f:1'A.'. .1•••• :3' ''''-.J'a79-2.1:11.•f'1. 11 •
;,1,...1,, 1;4.1.;.-.--1 ' e'.•!...°''..41 ....• --, ,f; fio . ,;;!...41 ,...:,..4,;-‘, ..:• ............. •r- . ..,, : I i,...---: '_., .n. ,,c,, ,4/.
161.•:- .7.-%4*-^* 77' ;;= - • ; ''''r**;- - ..' g*;•' 4b;;. • ''.-7. S''' *-.."-,4.•-:, . . .. ..,7"r t r • ii iiii
a; '1 41-..itte;IlirdErt1.1• ,. C...rer o.,1,..: :,0', ,: ..;1•,? ...,,..: .h..:: -:tc-:- •••1 ,,,,,,,h., ':.' ', ,...- ,
11 .1 .,,...„ik.I., -.,4.,h . -1--•;.-•- .... -0._• • -...::: ,01:7,-,,...,..,-...g.,,...iztw-"*.",4!'' .-----Ft . ;1,-:-,•-.. •*•••_,,,..,;;..-: . _•.•:v
; .
i •- --T.A■.v.c.. :.,.
1• 1.7,;/..,.71,....,..k7,'F4'1 it A.E4 ..--. .
•
i .401-.7s7";. ---.1'..."7';:ti ti•--30114-:-,...r.;::'-•.,": ,- .11,4,y1T.t.-..--.Ji„-....,._...._, .11.:-...--_ 5.... . .1;1 . 6 i
. . , ,,, t,,.",.. .. 4:* „,-.. -lc.' 'Tt ..":1#.'71 ,1•,,,r . '.'' -'.. 4,5: VI''''...**q■...",r...
: 4'...-1,-.v..,,-1 .-:1.1.-! ef- ,. • e: ..! 4. :*6,-•.I..-,a-7,--- -:0: -r'..ic 4 ,- : -ile prr:,ir.R 0.f- -•
1,41.-',,-,•''' ,,...,,,,....,.... .-,e.A 'i.,!3.r.tio:..17-r.,,...• .:::r'T-- .21 ltd,'.%
.1
• , . '=',....fi, •, , ,..;•... i. Ip•.• .. 1.1.... , -.:,., .„„1•_,.•,.:..-., Ple.,-..aP'41 .
' 1 bk. `."' .a=2 :7`t:.'41, 'ilt. k'-'1•=-'.:-L' iY,sk. -77W1 • ..ki.4' -..-- ii7-,-..,;.• ,,..,„,.., -1P1 ---------77-.'; I \
i 1
- ' •ea:1 . , $7 I •■ '-1,11.,.. .6k:b.; ...- S.M44..,,,-%• xc..... •
i: •41 ,....4:.'.. , .,.. - ..1, _ , ..„.„,_ 1,• •711 •,kr..."tr 71c,,.:fl•• -".
. 'Er1,-...., •Fil,1 '.• 1 - *.:". .„.... f :Vt.').. .gP-..4. .:.;1*`::• ':';,,,""-if-',75,-Li
trr '..... ..:..4. 44.-2-1: , Trby.- 1---t. r,41,.,..:- -
.....:. .p..i . A il i IL.
-.,...---i..„-- 0, ..„-:,,,.-",1 ''ri'l,'64' v. -'1'•--...T .. :!--•--7411■1 i •IP*Aii :6' '1'i .A. 1 ......-
•4■.114.•..''' ', '■ ''t‘.. fyi'.'1 tg:il It.- • 9.- 4 ..."/:'.4% 7.•'''...'''.......:.,-..41,14'7, +IL Ix . „1, p •i• • .
'm..1-1,,....A,;'4:..:',.. ••4t. -- n.,...,..L; t_-- , :, t . ,:r.. ii.,../..-...1--,; .1 J--4- .. 1
1.1.•12 "1'. 1 . ' -4'1,1 1- .' 1.13.•':- rf"" ••.■,..'',...,..k '. . 1.„.i.' 11- ' A
....1,
teg'-'. 1'. •Z*4c.L.,- '''''• ....•,'ill 'ito'• .i;1' . ! i47 , .,..riit:,......1 11%. .:-'
. ,..,". . , •..,.:, .ph.“ . P,,,,,i h6,.,, ,:.•.:0.:•....7.' ,.,7.7„. -,i'••,, ., ' -••• • .4..■ ,,m'it..,-V.,L,.
- .,-.. 1:
- ....., ,
,' •. 1 . ,,„,e ''' -1/4-A.,...,..„„wke--,,„..-.J.. ..b., pk..ab.r-6"--,.' 4 . .: ii,if---7tra--.---wit• •.,:e,FIT-?7,4;
,"....„--_;4„.•.i• it.,. : ,, .,,,4-,•:-.4.7,--irr:tr.f....=:- ot .i.:. I.:4_4 1 1,..1.:,- -.11...4,,1 ,•1.• , :I ;$1' : 114 ,1.,,i
ir 0,,,, ,,,,...„,,,,,:... ...,...11,,,,, .,,_ _.tc,. '!,, • 17;,. 4....-- • 'v I., •;,.. 1
:f-•.1,f34. 71.o...-••3 '''' y, • I it" 6•I r Pm' ••;:..7P.O. ' 1' ... •' ..„..., •"*...:. , .--• • ,, ' 4..' .3 Ili • ••'. .-
1 i.,. .0 V,15,4..'.;- '1 l'' • - m"'‘'. "--- 1 kr- •--' ';45'.•7 ..rsd••• r.•1 ''''
.i LY‘.• •. ;t,1----,64,:CT'AI-H-ff L....1.7.,11r4-11Pir,"4- .... I.....7,114;:.11'1.- :*;t4j" ‘1;".:- Ell.:It27''''LL'.; .. '..... •.
j
.,.• ''•i . 7.4.0•
',. -..: .....r7=Zirt .' 1,2 L&,r,4'. ...-..6- ' ..'•
A .A. • •. • . A,. 44t liar; 1 1
I --...,..,0 , ,,11•4 I .' ' '1 'fi.4.. •4 ' ait'.: , .,• ,
-'7.-'-,-;'..f1,,_,: i4pf . .fo. • • ••1 ' - S ; Iiiii`%, .4 ;'
------ i
T..-v ------;-• `‘••••-°- r,..11. . ••
1 liT•.i.". ,..,:frik2,;."4.•..__,Lii.,115.1±-. --:::-..: :, -
,, ;„,,,, . ...._ ,..1-__ . Id I plawalom -
.•,.,..c•ri,. • ,.._.0 ?.-:. - '. "-- ••a o..I;mu.;
;;Ei5.7.1.... .
A.=-•.
_ ,
' ;; ;;. • -• ,_ ..A_..-14.:
• I.
7-1. 1---"1- l' 1 Prolp : -. :,. ..., •• , :„.......,•••:...-„.i., --„
,Flitietd _ ,‘,7• -, -....---11
. I, _,-,--,.. . , , -.• orer., 1 :-.,...,--....,, .. . ,...., A.4
1 ,-,......,,,...._., ,-.,... . • r gro4turFiLlwun. _polo, ,. -
-, IP I' • • '-• ' 'N.i 211111-Trit914 :- ' ."7 -z"--": . ' '
.•, . 1.-. , ••- •
,,•.:• 5-.....
...
I, )01' •-EA*
, F.:.' ••'' ,••Le••- 1 pir ' !
gassos=13012==---
1 ..--..--.. ,, s-,1-..1 ,, i .
I .•4.1..1., "-. ; ..
•
„, - ,,c--. .1, .
, .).4,...11 i , • ,-ot 1 -• • . _ •
- ' ' .ii; ila iifi ... 1......,,,x.-. .....d.:
millru.,1,,..... Jaimil, , ... ;4 A
I
. Aim- . - : „.____... ,
....f.:6,.1..-,....,
.. :.
Juil ill .
•
czosr.,.. '.."..'.a".:::.4.;:•.1
rl - &-:•• FitLaiiii-n. '
•°1'.-7'''. '-'-- r-1,7:--- cert: :.,.-W11-01.P4'•
•
,,,11..t----• 21 piAltt,.1:
•'.. ' -7. ".7.7"14°-.7.-2,-.7.11.,''' I' ' rm.2._
b -.• . --' '
I .r..- ''. •., maw I:
Ill.. .. _ . .
,
. . IWK14- ...a 15 1.'' l • . ,. .'.•
' . '.-' "."'. .1k1-0, • ,- •
• ,. ,,--iv,.. -,+--. e,:- 1 :,I itti,..6..4....,a,„-......,-4,"..
• .. .lirtiroptEan 4,05yr• ••,. .............. .
• • ■.•. , :.i -.,_44-cuiPtli.
• •' • --E.,-.0r-md•K• sdte.:- s-Pk,.:.--.. 5::-t.-i.-4..-41'4±-1.--
,..w.limr-•.:6v- .2i . ...,.
. 0
-,--vmAy..-,:rAratirdEa-M I
iir=23--,u • 7.- ..-- ,,,,,,---j r...,....-1 g4.-=',7 ;
1 • • ..- ;.m.1,.. •:), • - 4.-D
,...±..,_ 514
7,..., a
•41.......--,g4tilit..a.FIT'.1,17.=F-i.' ;
sr•••••
•-•-1Sli 014"Mtfit......----..._-,,e---i .
..---
,...
, .
• "-' V' •"1 t 1• -•-•--
- • .......,.................._., • ,. .
•
. .
•
- 42
•
.
_
il . ,
.......... _.•,.•- rr-----s....--L'i 'ISkif.' --"'"''''.141'''"--n ".71- C441.,-,E; ".,17..7:1;. •%"-1.::_-_._•i:11-,1.7*:1.1:•!".°71.::•11.
.--1 '...!"..1,,- . - - ....,,,-.., •••'4,7:::''''-E:.;Em,--,:,--.,, ' r"P'". •, ''.147.,*"....'''"Or, .'. ... ::,,.." ..a..,1 •gr$,L, ..;a:-... ":,--0-2.4,45.p,,..14,•;,:!;•;„-:,
'N.,;IS: . ‘... .V.4....`,4;-•4 0., ..: -0,--- :.,- .: .- - E I it,;-.,..,-, .-:‘.. i".--77'.? ''''-• 'il ."re • #1.._,,i:'--iird-,"--',.• : '._
I
' ••.1,1:.-I'... ,r,-q-,,: ..,. :. t.ii N.L,,,,...• / ,•'••• . * ''..i, I tip'':.t.,,,,, 14.4:-4?•11,4*:-* ''''"'1*'" ... .:•.•za:-...'.,v,;'-5,-''h • :.1.7:*--,, ' i,._.4.-7'.•..;••.; :. ,.•
. F.-..- •:...;:--1' A::•,,,t=.: ••••••• -i• •:.---t.
• .:•:,,,,..,... tr,. '5:• •-4' •-1•:- -..,4, gr-- ; .filf.'"••--•-'.-Lei:.— .1.*,--film-41
_,..; i:4„..,......qt.,,; ...; ..,i,41.-rf.-77-34...:.1:10,i,... ,....,- 1.„• :L..,.,,,„.. . .,...9„:.• j•.. ..........,L1 `' .,...'s 4 .,:ret, -,•,*
• • ' - tli,-Tr'''' .11L'21'#' I 1 ,..--ff.L.
v...........4:J.:: .1.• -:- ..-.:4•••' 1.,;-:,•i rif:,...''.tie E.: ,i......4,1, L'i!''IV i•.. "...,'• 0 ,.!-,• : €.-EL .r. egr,,,,.;-.410.f...• 4,10,...7,... I ? ...,..,„.w... ,
1 ...T.-"i" '''''' il .".•.....::-';-.1.''. ; ....;;.7 ,-2.----- 0.4 '' . '. ' •-4,-..e..., ,..,... 1.1- A. :'I'1%--,11.: ..,,E.4: •,IT-e,!,
• ....'11,'. . , -''..,.4.' ' I• 4„,.......... '! •--'". .LE...... .-•. .i. `-': • ..... ":....1%.1 • . p... °-'...:N...-. ".r.' • ..A.- tj I
t.' er:P.n.f.:'Pl'.. . .._,.if'::" .c7i.....)-: ,..,.'t .,-..-,...i- • ._-,„,,t1L.67,..• _.„...,:-..'-'. '----.:c..• . .:•---., r-1. '„,.. .1. 1,.7.:;: -.1---,•,-.1.4-77....e,„•-;i•;.:vi'-'!-•. '- -•••:.
,z_.. ,::1•••....-1.,,,„.:, -,;-„--.„•,..„,-,L:s_-....,1-... : b,::::: ...---,;,,, •-.-4„,..: rionik.,•,...:.....„.......: . -.r.-..' -.--".7 - •***'"" . ...-::../-;V '44",n'.4•*..' • •.:.• '
ART'.te."1,.,rj.
": ,• 1-'.$"-.....W ' . ...";"V.4"..': ,,.,..e'- 4•:' - 4.1..-......j: lj f4 Q -„_• t,11: 4P1'..' • •, " I,
Lig
-;:?..4.*:.;•'V'A-;.-‘14=.•:•. •,• u.-L'• — '•• -F1•• • •... d.!, T.C--..1' ''''..';";-1 41. ' •'"-.•'.'-' .. .t":P*7" ...'"11°'-t"•.LE,..1-L'.'.
. . . ._..._,......1! ._.i
l '7-,r11, i , ...... mg
_ ill:---,rip. ,s,...................$
1
... p-'.E.., ...- -• , 1! ..•• ..•••.;,,, -,..-------', "-!,--, ...:§.. .; • Ei!....7,',, ,''' ',"!'''''•• .,, .'• lai,.. °-'at' • •.'.
. .. .. . ..
.' --r• ---,
-,. ilitr"f.,. ' : ..a,-....-.:—.,1,,,,g,..•,,—.,....i...0...
4-....:. I, ,...1 .,=:.-- -,-: 1 ,i • 'i 10 :1- P...•-.. ..;,, .-,..... .:- ..,01 t•Q_Il'rit '4•-• i.•'•4V* -T . •i
Mu. el's'il =•:'440:t1.7.... ..=...,,,,,E! 'i''''''- 14 ''' t 1,,,-Fh-, It;1;,. ',.' R.,74 i 1 . ,...:
_ .__. -■
;••;,...E.,.•-•••,;illijir.l.E..,'•,-.5=,-i.-raj-0! • ' --' : • 1 4:.....1.. ' .'"i ''.1.E. '"":,.•:•' . =PI 1''..ii';' P.: ''''..:53' • -......' ....--::.2.„"-..,,,..7.,.,..4 . _ ,.... ..-7-i
--::'..r..--iti: It! .--• ;, :.-it, ...1.,.. ,,.. , ..... , 4 .., . 1-.1.,.....,1_,.-. 1,-;.,..,...4-1,544 f...,,,0,t,. , .......1z...&i.,.. 1..
..,... .:•1 ,,A.: : • .s.1 ----. "., , , 1.,,,.„;., ...r• ,...p..- ...T.,•?..,.. •..,. ,,,, .. 4 .
..,. •.,.•
..,..,i..4-• •,1 rx- •L,--Ek'Pti,-J. ,
..,-
._ ___ .___. ' '...:4—. - ". ,..:-."--. . .■: . ::.... ...*"i.,.. .61.77',1.9 a......1;:L.. • "". ,,22,.1..miald,tr'112. ;
..... :.+.-..--.•.--U'll.F.T' i'1.1.'-'11 ''.-.--:;.7.'"'..:':--0.:''' , ,.'2..• ,!' '0.''`g.... r:. itl: . .1%.ii. ..F',...7'7.'" 4i•P', .;...". I
'41.1=1:1"7'-r4'". .P4' e' .' E 'P;r1"k:.TREI'mr.70::.'= -'". - .....- !'„E's. .H4;ta-lt •t=,-1 L..-;,...a-: 71-I: ''' •!'ii ‘:- :. •
. 1 c•,,,, „.n...,......,. • , E 4.,..•J, . . 1 E P. A ;.:• -e c.,
' r•;,.... - -'', • ,,... cr-4;ler. .4:, L.1"M''...,',,a...4,.,. .r „„• :„.,.. .„,.. , ...
, ..
._
• wzre- f•44W ....;7-1;" q ir:V. , Z701P• i N.4-..,i4-...-. , -1,-- .—I i (....5-F-;!1-z,•..„,..E,7,-..41._ ....::; : ,-,-
• ........;.&,,ii .,,,.- ...,, ....._. HI : :„,.. .. i 7, .• ...,-ru.,•:1 x
..,.i:,:,,,, 1•,..-...
,...;.-_.........„..-7,--,-.:....... -,,, t•0 r i.,..vs. - .i.,..,... .4. ,....v .0..:.... •••
• :T. .,, ,‘.. • ,. Id! 0r, Ch.y.‘,,% . . ,. p , .'4 , .•■ •=i1 it I Al'1 1 t.., ..2-ti.■• . .P1.; I-
!!! .':-.:--•••• ...-7-• • ..-:.- •• EQ..i.. ar' .t',. E.,, 1, ..,,,,,..::F=,- . i..+ILsir ,i. : ■t.Z .:.1 . ,,I
,,,11 1 '...k e 1 . ..r..,_,:-..,..,4,,,-,,-7 fir fl.r.....1
-:%. .--,,,- A4.,,-::«:...': ''."v!-',... '.-7".-;, •••,uyt'1E,■ ..4 :'',.' pi,49, %-i AI A"' • el I .,."',L''''' 1".'P-51 g: 1 y'v....rmn...,7,;,,i-,.-,-,,,,,v.,...1... xar...., ,.. .. !
'7i. „0 i : ..f. "- ' ". „.,Fc*If•jlirf ; 'lli 15, .4,■* . 4.15‘,P0 1 .ii• li 1 ...+, ..,,F•716,„..•- •:..:-.1.„..r ,,I; t...7.---,- ......*:..,-4,:::: i: .. 4.: ,m'f'••,. , • ..-. 4,
r, .. .............•r, 6, ii- ••,, ...K.,..= :i22..i .VE ..t. iffie,44- ,1*- .,,,,,,_,..r....L.,,,,,,-.17:-
l',r14:...' f.4.;492:Kiwil 1- el,
'..' .,;.;H., 4[7:4,5-.-.1.. - • •-•-11 .77,7 -711.,, 411...1R 1 ,,•9:, 4.1, P •IMR4' '''1, .--; it1-.:•- :7,-e---r...--k%tu.L:..ty• . • i e,.•• 4
wym„.,,..,.,..V.4,spi,;:.7.:•;: 1',-,,..-. Y1,,,,,,,... r.v,.,4i..7:. ' 1...Ams.,....5P7. -..----'" 2Ij'r ..dt, Ni, . -ell'-,••.' A:rt
.:L_____. .„ -ust1,,a-1174,;:'7•,-::••••;;r:-..4.- u•••07'4,: '..': ' .'.1. •:"" .T,,',I-L'''''d: .„: ' ' ,e-0,-,,rA' 16—,.:.....L21 :•:',...,..,',,arp',.'77-:l''.'-',. 1 I. 1',i'' ,I 1 J..• ' ;I
'------1 r''''="11v". '`-.4.t.:e':•- -•dk,#:.6,4, ... , 1•-;u,9 fil - . 4.3:4" 7.•,., 4.;i:' ----• ,k; 1.- le..7.•••'•,:t 1,7 . '•••:',I, -t.:-- -1--r7"-!, . ■
'1141...:.rr N, Ii. t-i--.I- 4 ::-..,I,--Af". ma."-,744, 1,444,„,„,..4muet,40$,, 1,1
I'i„,,,,,,,„„,,,,,,;'Llirir-rk.."K.E, • : 0 'v.7"....N:'.40,P''''' 4nr.'.'•••,•-...1
1 ■ -Ic...4":--• i. 1.)...t.1-')Et, ' .' . .."'Yo .4. 'f-•• ',--.-4.1•:.
,„ , -.-,..es.titi.titm4,1-,..,,1- ,..... ....,.. • ,,•,...,,F.?• i
1
•...:-.-,• •le i .. . .
.. ' I r,,,,,;-, .cr -6'ill l' ...t.-... .: ,..: —E. 1.1..1. P,,
. . v..,.. ..1 .g - ' . .q, „. .: ,it,..'
i.. . !, .....`..4 -----•• ,g!,,,....,:.:. ..„,.., .41 'f""1'''-', ,.,
• 1 ••4.• 7.„1,,,..:.:4,- -m.41,4 , il 1ST I 4 .•G..,''. 1• 1 :
I
.-g44-41I I ''.'1' ---. 4. „ -•,.i,E. ••.1.k..r.T.,i :, u
.f, ,:•••' .4”.*,....j'EL•/4- "' ---7-.'..-.7.::....-••••
l' 1.71,‘ . $ ta.:,:rin ou.clasvENI.,'644.q.4.-.65.,,,,,_•„_,..
,•-:---S-- ,...."..,.7,OME••••11 •"!2/Aii. q 10 10 1 • . • .
25,1„.■,6;,;,„____ m.::-.....:71%,•__Im.......-.1..-77-.7.7-„ . .....c,:, t,,..4.44-- ir •,g V.•L....'i-. .!!.4.•:_.'•-•."",::: •.1•••,,' •••.......1. 4-, S ) . li ' • •
."7.7-f1-•Tx ..-I.-"4 ; —"Er----,7-7"'P"".1 14:-.. •l' i -q-,F4, . ; ....':,7•••. ,4:ii _: 1 , ,,. ,_ .....__....- ick.r.„ 4 1;1.:'''',• ,
:''T2',4-,I. •,4•M'.•,14"1 ... •••• . =.5.•:45... ,' E i..•P "°.` I 5 • /: • . •• ..._ ..,.:474.1.. T41., - . :.{..;71r.,-,,,,•.ii:ft.gpf,,,wfii ip q•••=iniz., ,,,,. :
1.43f,'_, 0'14' . ••••":- ' 7 Ll'.1dir "•• Y''''i 2Fr-'-'7""1
G . ....H•?I*L. 717.• IL,,,,... 1. .-:.:..,,t.:67,*...i.t?,•,;,:L,M-!'7,0'rr,1 Vg;127.^:.':
,p•yo,„: ..,..;••.$1,1-.!„.._,.....7.,.7. _..",...:.,•141,-.:.......,.. ':. , ... t'Ainit-•':- 1,, Lli .117 . ..,.. ..- ..4. •LFAI-1.7-1.1
3-,ir• ' - ,,, i t'
•Trg t--;-.-..-q-csg;:„,.: .q. lit 1 . . 1:1:.-.! :4. 1N---7-1:
•:•w:,: il ••,,..7. ,A.,...,41 imirl.ott7.(7,1...d.,:„4.0 .„:• . ,........., ..-, , •.,..,_... , .: •:..: ,..., •
„..... $1,. ,-,... v.:.:.} .:...:::::x.zi..11,,..•:-.F,.„... •• kfT,•;% • - -I , .
1 i 1 • r,. ,. .. IF. • t. 1, • .. li•zi • • :
'',-,'!'',-. •••••1 ,.:, •7--P1,-- ., ,';'','"-T..; 4. .. ,9,;,;;'‘, ,.r.•i.,)?w.„1 l' t..••••••, rul'ip4g' -'-` 7"T'-•. •411 -,,,,,hi .11-....1.
1 .
TI-T, ,t1 . - .1 - • '...t.ifittas4-iii' i
?:'fli -,i,it.' .,...1•327114: il.T. :-.-.,itt_i-c.' t;.-ii .:;',.p.:.j-z--j:1- 1 :-•1 I: '1'_,:i e"-;:rti..217 li,' ' • '1 ,q''.'tit ,- ----- "4 - ••
. ,,,,
,,...•.,....... mr.... -.._...s, !...e „. ,. ...g,„•,s0 r- ;.ale• ,..p..4•.: , : lef r.:::. • .. ci••,,__,,,,.. 4, .5,. " 14- •4,,,E..47-, . 1,..
MI(..; .1..,„,:.:. ','-''' 2'•,::.1:'17,11)..V..'.', ,... ,7;,...,1=';' ,.4 ,,e, *,.:,.,..0_•:,,j. r---E, • ,iv...— : .is•L! 7„;',....7-ii,...1'0. L
„.,.. , .... ,,, .,4, •. r., , ..,,i,„,.,4.. !,,,,... , . ..,e,t;.4.0.,......... .
•*-'-',---;' 4 ••••••44.,•44'P',. . .,•
-.., .1,:•:,‘ . .
:.:f•E*11.,: ; i.,.„.t;'' .• vil e •..'K :.9...'?• ;„Dr',,,1 V.1.4.1=gwar•IP, 1,
ii a...,,.,....,,,.,..„ r ,„„, ..,„ . . i
:i .i:1,i;-."' ;11 1 '..'.r ..t.li•:' '..''.iir..'74.':.• ..'.4'.l',14 51. pir.,-..1.......if 1
u,-.--,:_,..t.mar..• i
•.4.4.i; . . .i, !.. • :.r• •'1:'.!.::•• ,.....-= .1.'" • '.'- AA le..p.p.j.,,p1..-....,--.0., • 1 ' . i ' re' 1
:,..Z.4.t. r.''''.' 'CL A -,•.:::iluy. rk-..41'....9..21 1: 1, ...•IL„,.....,.. •••.1....titp.,c,-,,,.....: :.■.....,„4 .p.1 ..y ol,
1:'r '1 .1 1,'*, I ... .'!..'• 'I• :'''::...., . '',..,,) 4,
• - •
...9.,-a., ,.. !• -...:T7 • ' . . .• a ,., . -.1 ili !...161 riji Pit,2..- '' • ,1117-.:;.---,•,-,..,-----371 a .,
. .,,,,,„1...:.,... . •,;:,,.:,,J,1 !
-
f,..i..-:.,1„,•i, I, . , , is' "P...',114., :. .1,. .:...... ,•...".2.....:.....-..• ,: : . i ..,••-•"2.,.•,.1.,•tart:I.;•__I, ,,.. .. .1..;L.... J.,,A,.......m...4....
• i
'''' .......`:--4.4.. . L.''...-.----:
• ,,
7: • • • 4-.-..:-t•.. .7- ; ' • -` " 4, -.. .:.,- .
• :,-...!,",t11-..-7_.,:_-_,..._• :-.....::-T---.;--..7-...,,- ---.-.-771
• , .• ..1.4.Y..1,7.1
i.10 4:,.,._M1....„2,■.131,....•r ii I..z,•.l..
P
o7 Apa c" s;7.e..7 d7 4.. n_.0..g A t
l),-p a.Tri..t.&-A.r tf4•t:s,n-t,'-ii,;m e'',-:i.n.-A.....i.:.dr-e.2a M.7e.s-Ii..mg:ini'7..l.i.n'A. _
fr
•
.1.m.
..,
.r..„.., i_v,, .2.41.„....__ _ ... .,......... .,,I,
4 et
• - , .' -111 -11j!Mr.,•.4 iissi==ristw =-
I I
:I.--,L.;::::•.„:1, .IF , ... . .
IND. 411
, _ .., . ,,,, • . ..
, ..,:: ..7*- ig„,•,-.2H-n...•7 " •'.0.Srj•-ril:
l':74'qr.i 1 jika 1...-.2...2Y.,2... ', 117 •""L-.".....,1,.. ..;,,,,...;',-..=-...irri.."--•', --n.
rakrtlylk..k.tf.. .41•17g0..-,!--- ...,....2:. =k'
4,.....1*
:f j . •1
• y 13
. 4 4e.11.% :4 .'_ •.. 1 ... ',%. IM IP"- 'F.'"- `,°.1:'''''''''....• ,.- MlitfiritE.:(20-gEE
'iC• A .r 7,7 . .."`.4"•34,,,
'1
, .. t,i, 5,
Vi 5 F..,7 g4.1 A rt•A.5.I -.11.:.'7'...1P---.7=..4
II- I . ,
lip,* ...1 .....i.,. .,- ., ......, 1
--M.--0-4
„ _ i,iiii ,g4,3442,10-4ETIS. il.rrercc- -fmrs,__ ,._
I 1 16.fr.,.....;.• 1:...t.TRI---' :7 L'n*I--.,.;14:ii..:!.' . .
.--•-- - ,:-4,...a....n. I.P-..s'Au -., • .. -:: .:.•• :. • ,,I
1 •-:.J.I'I:.•.. 'iligl. .7L/..,
• ggni -Et.W.
, •
- V.MprPFMPrileUra_L-Pi.t) '
4A --• l'''"" 7.--- 14- 4. 5-
•
■
.r;-.-:-.•'-•,, ii i • •' • ••. •
'''';'-- . ."1"-27,:::4-...-Fs.thL71. ti----,...11!"'F'4701.7,--7.:-....7jilm'E. li'l•
m . • •.•-., :L......a.. '
1.I ',.."tr.4-4 i .,.... ..
1,_........:•._:..77 •— ___
, .
. .
43
•
•
'
------ ...-,...;
- -
--. .. e, .• .
' ---
' -
.--,:::, . . _: ,:eli• Imen.--;-:. . - ,,,. ,... .. .. -i_ -,t ,,,,,,,,,....... ...... ,.....,r,
_• ,..,,, ,..,
:":4-', 1,..4.1-" ••' . .t:!•''lf. ...tzi ' .1 • " I'ass+ --'‘-'1.1 ' ..,,-., d.:7' it,=„":;'. 1 .. .. ' • Ity-: 4-LPY''''-• 7•-.. ',Is' •t• i
•':.:--:1,-4,41,4:pri r,-5.4 1.11:-'''1-•..,e.,,..,., . ....,, • , ,I d o--t-Z. '41-..... • Tr. :.. i '-'1*• „....1--:.:i . • •,. •1!!
g ..: •"..i .
'.'- '. 4.7..L..-1-r-r-At.",644.4r'q• ' 'A.,' ' Llt,teLiarlir V • • .-eS41s1 I r''. -%.0, I ,. .AI .-....I
. ...---1 .1 Arb. i - / • ' • ,.1•'''. • -411. ', • .'• ''' -7Nr" •i:• rtt . ellki
'
r,..''1,r7` '1;......i.'....:177rg--),„..,,.,..,.......• - ;.:;-7...-1 ' •.,•'-'-e-°P i : 1.7.,-,..;
ti -- .•• ..-, -- ,---•• 1r• ...- -...f ,
g • '?... .11../.712.2 Tog. , g:22 '--11:] -. .r .,-..,n, , _._...,-, f.3,-,,,- . , E . r1:4 , ...,::- a,..,-..... • , 3- 1., • ....:.: , ,
L,,, •
35 ' __ ...-.
,t • i,.,..
, 7 lir '.....7..*''- ..!.,' ■ .r . .,.....' •,
Y.W- ..,,,,E,1 e,1..1k.s.Flu
, . . ,
h .'i 1,1 . • - •
. • ,,,-,-il
• ..... ..5 1,„n to ...' • -:::...,.. ' I, .•... -sign . 1- 1 rt- 1R1.12.1". ----'
m . -----1 1f• 1..4.. . r """" • • i
.11 .....r.-----..., .. . .,• . -1,...... . 17_E: ifV.,; ''''''' i
)1.1 h, ...'- !• - -,...4 , ---A,, •
rs,,,,, ..-7 'kr j ', •'111'!' .,..!,i,,t7tr... ,, ,41"..711,, .11..-,.kit l'brrr..e•-••-----}
.4.tm".•i r l/ 4 .r.1
Ar.;4„,..r.17. .. • Ir. ! ,,i.." ... `1 _,..... -.3. .'"1•1*A - . .4..„43 ''t - -% "------ 1 ft 1-1
• . ti , • ,
-v._- f ;
,4!..,-- . -1 .:74 .'+....,... ' ;,-,.:- Al.1.U.F. h..V„--: ,F.,..,,.4,:er-s-; '."' E2 -:. .. ..,...e.'E_. 1,..,.... ._E. tw.„_.....", ...,.., .v..e.f..... h ,,,..r.....;--,,m, .,.r....„,44„.:......gr...4..c_1
spssna.l. . L.
t'''r" .' ! 4: ." 'a erwt,i,:Lbw.- • 4'' S-- ,, '41- III i• • • ••4`••'-" '.."";"i --'.itti'l • -C‘•• .. .r.•''•' '
• •--- ., t , ' • -"4 t,,,„, ...,-_,1..-.,J.;•v, • .,,„r_tr,7,4,,,I;,..i. 41.,,,,,,4. ..,...=,.„, . .11 ,
.1;:t;i1.17.11..'7.7":.-4--11. -"--'1s71L---il: -'It'4 14.541'1.2-']: r---4-1' '-'1-17La.. --... '''.....*".".'LI'''.4;"1:"J*L.;11.1.P.:'11:7. . ..pat:41.' .$4. IV:, ,...,......1' es'''.'..gi•• ; '
r
..'r -.••-'1 . 4.K.-' '• 4i?....1...........'"i"'*..--:.*•kt7<' .•-r-.,,,.. ."1.7,2';',..1.1,,. ,k 4%."-J.I • .
---.., - 1- - ....‘r:•'. .,..
-pi.......,..,‘.::.„..,, : •.... ..,1„:It i„. .1_, ;r::,..,..e.,,,,..,.. , ., _ .... .._ ,. •,;
! f
istr . .... 4_ ...„•••., • ••:,• .. ••...,.gb„.4,...,
[. troo_....,.._,. ,..........._. 1
; . ---' ""' 1. .iljr.,,A, . 4.-• .1 , 01 ,,,4 ,n-li.f .■-!,-$ . . ,f
r ' 4 -4'Tf rt 4' - - .' ' ..-, --• • --,41...- . . ,
. .. ,,,..„, . .. . • cp r__.•...7.. :...,,...• 41,,.-...-71:: tp.a..• ..r.ol ' ! . - • I 1','i L.,..--, -,7....r..... ..i..1---1.. 1 . i
.---• Pr ...t.'••. .'•-2- 2... '■ g 1. IT'1,i,....i-51t lin,ip:4;:7;;...4.• 1.4.111,11all j; , :..;,: . ;:•,,,,,,yi., ... „,,,,,, ,,,,,,,.,., ...
' ••••' .• • • . - i :_., ,,,,, •i-77. 1 ,iii.r..1.-ft,...A1-.5 ';.1.."• - tz:■
1 r--L- •I• ••.•• •e... ; I' , --1 .1,271 ; ' ' s •...„4,•■• • • • ..p ', I"2-S F.. . .t SAF.F.L.ilsr . .
' ' S . ii . -TV .,%.; tt.;...`A.J 't. f...'N':, !1
. '.,__L. : L.4--.411.14‘4,' .. •, ,1-...- .!f.. .,'• - 1 . .1 4:4I igr,r4gq • ' ' 'illiT t••1 •,,:l 11 ICitt-(1, ••r• • t' irr'•f'
-ra.....,/ ,- t_;„ifr •. . ..s - i..2 -.
vi -it, - . ..„. .,..,4 • , , ic .....,-s..141=1 1 . - a 1' .. • -- -'
"1'1-,.%-: '174••....2;',-s7A._-1.1: .'• -,6- ,-.1.1 ..:;L, • 1,.....,-,T. ...LIP'
, -...-,. •1,T* '..1; ' • • iti • , I ., r.,..„2:5;:for„ .9.,4.. P.1..' '' :.1 '4',..".1 -,,.. i," ,iffir...,r: •
-W111 rjt"''.",T.,• ...•;'AI %1.:."h.;;It 12. ' - 112:;-:‘-5-"f, .... `7..'--.''...:-,L,-,- .1
fzi,,,, • - -Ir.--;. ".. -. .-L. , .4 ..!,'...N......1„q,..- -** . ,..:,, ,s4.:...';'1,. - ifir..r.,,-...,11.-1" ,ri. .t-1 •'1,,i-,•z
..0011:1 14 7..:. -4...103.,..‘. .0....4/-44,,..e.i ,Erg-v...,..3' , .,. i ;„,,,,.,,,, •e, Lk_44 t,*•••••••V•N:Irt,,,,ft..24-1,11,,„,t:'i;:e kre...-•••••••••-1; . . .. 1 '
4. 4 •I id;,:X.- •.••'- •.•• 1 I i t. .,, _,L77,r .:„....1'•:,..; .1 4.,,k: ... : ;_fl'"-S- ,..',..‘' , g•• ..Lc...-'
5-• :0". r'''' "-- .---''% • '. • ••••-
-- • .1:41,1 ,e,; . ..,. / •:, h ,., , . •
-I ..1,41,-E-I--_..,,,----'4u,- -. ...--- . f•'.. r..-4.'°,, 111F'i .F.. . E •447. ...4.3
• I- .111 MI t' ........F....r.,-, .c1....f iv, ,LR, .0,... - 4",F----"' 4,, '' ; r ', A.,1-,#.-,t,".,i,,,t. •. ;4t " .. V"....1..1%.,sssly.,.1::Les..„: 1
gc.E.,,p-,...: r'•$ 0"..5'. ' •.`•l'-itql IL.R.:k i • - •f,,%i - , .4'''tr''' •"•....A ....shssssr .,. L„„„,.......t
, . ,iy. .. t.,,,,-- ..•••-• , -4- •• ...../3.:;-' .-"a.ti'...'..1-.--;.'-.!- •,---5- =14.- 5.. ••-r, e•‘-, ,. Ara
i
i
1--- ...„.1,,od,,,t,---„q•.,,,,•,•!. ei„...., • • .d yr-14',47,/tO,r ••45, 11 n r.. ,...,...„. • .. I.,__1...i ,,T
•,. . ,... ''''''''Ii. ri k:'1'- 71. • rle'' 1. ...d.csis.rf ;','; ,. I rs-.. 4:' . . ., al,
1 [ 1...).••,,•:1.q•••'4_7. j' rt.,--- • ;:,L:::',4,rt,•,14::: A....74k' h l'. ;....1:_......;-. -. 14 L.'7. • '
vr.--, rt•07-: vf.. :La•-1'.•''• l'i I. ,1 i'l I.•., '0.i k .,. .1c*,.•
11.•?....f. I F • ,„,..11' rs... i 1' & ........--- - • . - • -,
f"- ' - •...i ••‘''''''- i,
-..1:--lax. •a I 7'‘
I r'' -- .• -4‘...,-1441 _.;.2.4-44..; .1 '.: „'• •I ....E . , il ':::•-.10 :.:'--;--ti
•-• --
• •:. - t --.4?„..
..•a.u.:.,;, i - .....4.,eler.-..-1.1.. ..:': ..). I 1..'''.'.: ' • . . ' '• ' • -1
( I, 1 :,,i• ...s..7, , , - 14""*.g..,,,Q,,,,,. ,
. . .13• 1%;.-.1! •:.-'r - - •., .. F: : 1 r.,r. .26... g /41.1.,. I . i ,t,
' '14, - .. - 4■' -.. -,, ,i 1.- .. :.s, i"•?. '24'.i. .--, .1.'..-' 4,-.!..k.71---..mia I.• g ....11.,,t4s.•:........ ,.pa-,
...... 0....... tt___7 t 1 t &,,a .,,d,..t.:', IT"Ti•-• .4.- . ''''- '"'" F`:P.' ss i'",,"" la s?:.1 ' • '-". - •II'' -='-tikEir...... -'1.':I rs. 1:s-s---•'
1 1 '....:.*'... .•--•-:-'--il''',''.1 '4.4 .L4-51 i'...".i!s, - ;'t. -'4- • ., ; Ja;/n _.q,:cf-4:74-,1 ,4'.:,,,,,E-E1.- -
,,L... ,., , ..,:.; ../1 *.;L. .L.,.LLL._,. ,?. _ . i, 4.. ...,„*.1 - in,,,, 1..„;-:•24...41..;711,,,,,,..1.,....-,, ..b.,,,,94„.74:,;r_,,, . ..,-,i.....:- ;...! 1 j16....,:,;'•4-diLl.i. -,. ...,ifb;wrk.:d
•-f.,,,...• ii P.,..„,-'.91P.:: :,.11 1-, --i:';', ..;.•,..,2,'''',.., '.:i :, 'N. .ir'',b.%1W,As W-'.. .• 1 ... ',,-**31.-11R-3-MIL..',1. riellit -I
'VI.A:"I.:11 ti*- ' .01'14Z 171.-'..--- s,j'r. '.:a' l•-•:"' e•17'l'i•4' . -.=:• -•-•• - •----4"t‘•;8'.741 a:•.& '''''-i,'„; . .4..,f ..'-=-2,, ,1--_-' ''''''''k- • I
•.411`..d. .tiri•' • _ _'• if's:..' , ' h1;•,.-. 4.''•. 4.'•B.::..' .• -. y. :X11•41rf / -.4:., 17.1.40...4° -'
!..------...-- -.2.T2 -•';:..2.4 ts.E.1'. .E. 22TE.;,'I'.."4-7.-'-.4......%:^-1:,.47:-C;:.•:' -:• ..1.r • .7„ .1, ' :..4--"1-.71.'.1 .t,,,,..11', -.•..-.-.---,„41,9-tasi.'.1.-1'n'fitik.'s*; ....e"...1.0... l,••I.:'.••`(4- !I'l
t; 1„"Sis. E ..., • - 411' -',v:,E.-,
• E .li,,g,•are, •. .4._ ,or,4, I ...c="41Z - .1..11.T.,-1-- : :r
. . :.
. .1. L.,.-''':0(j, -.--•,I, l•-•,,,,,--• • ,9---„i • 1, .4.7 9 4..., ,, • ‘ .1 ,..._.. „3.,
, - ,..'..., 47,....i.;•.. ..• . ,...4.,,
"„...,..;, 1.41 .... 1 ,........-....• 1 1 "B.,,,,,,...,...,„ .iwi.., ...., . , s - ..... A.*.•;,..,4 - .!=....,I I. .. •,-.r.„_. . ..
1=1'.ut .',talk!. ..,,,..4 1.1,....aves1 14111 ma,...:. .. ..3 1 ._ ;A.., •r.1 I'V•&,• *.•:4,Fa• ,. :14 L
.'11.321K-II
11.
.''..,-:.-r- . '- :;,.... • .,. ,,..;.1,, ,-41.,r--'''.,- -.1'4y,.=,,t,_.-2.- . r.,....,-,"..- „ . ......,;.,.t.•._;i......,,,, .____.6„.„ i,
•• !.' ''•4. -.•-••• 4 '•• 1 • ag°4....• . 511'..ti.• ' .-..'. .:- - , ..,-. .-- 1_-.,....i..i.it,;,-,,,;-- ,1- 2,7'. -•-.r.:. -•- Roa.. -,..Th . . .
-2'' --'-'' -, • .
neintentS•
..._,........ .....
r...,,I,•.,...„:...•_,,,L..........+,,
Prop . S , ,
' 7,:d:iinirliftoi.dikt a " MO ,i
•Smi°4"ChrliNaU im_IP:_..A...: 1-7.LT:,-- --....J T - 7 7.
--..7- 11- 6'
-4 AY'
-Frougid E.Itt.&-illikimg ifiszrtt• ..'
L. ....,1 - -
. " • - t elin NNW 10L9:141.-------.
11174E.,' '';.:f_ •:. •.1.-Mkr,;-':•,. ...
1 r..,,,t•.:-.L1...:•--- „,„,...4
it,.. ...... .- 4-gg- ...,__..... ,
, :_•:..0.,rti ..
irg
- vs- .: :.
,,_.._ , . .
I PV41 31. . . 1 .-z-jsi, . - &16I'L‘" A....''.
''''IN.... .TCP...a-'-c,X,,, ,. .., ..
, • . . . . .. • - -- -
1 1'---7-'-14-r-----,r-3yrks. 1,1".7 -:- im rlit5,. ...1- felotoot • . t
,ell%
_ 1 .1 i.: ;•••lagn• '-_,1
.i.",.,„..-1• -_...,H:- if.,t- -,.t 14', ' ....i4;7:-.,'
.1 1 ,Yiii: .. ,:rdir 1,,k,ia.. . .Atm,... , ., ,...... ,.. _. _ _
- F
I r• .-*..A1125` - -_' --- . l''..-.:±7--'2' g....7.1tras.&915 . .
i .. . .. , ,t. --:r/e...11' 11 • , ... .
.r• =5-'4. 7"I. ,,,,„. ..,,, .
-- . .' • e WAN Ifg ti,rgFr.52-xl ii.V.,:mig....g.
1.4, :......i.NsissCs..1,1 :',"_,,,,,..= - s•--•-•:...:; 7.-7. ..•' •
,..10• 74 i-.. 1..ii ItruntaarP1
. , ,,, ,,:..g • •i. -Aug..0-mr4
.'-•'. i . • •
eA4'1": *.'W•t.r.iez,_*.4._:::T7 _,7-.:•.-a..1''L.171-',-'giL,.„._..,,,..''r'GT:rr:1.,...:i":rt:1i .1.
•
---............--_-......:-..-:....:-...:-.04-..........------,
• _ _ -
•
•
44
_........____::
.--—
• .--77-••=_ „ ..••• •-•-,,•••-•• ••••7114;:2 .1'a''.::;•',.'7,.4.....'s-----,....147. i . ,I•b::- :•■ 'LI.,4,.■ 'T'V.r. ..e,71'..n...kirif%i.:i'.
' II-
.jr ... 1, -...1„,..„,•,.--•:;•:•.• „.,/••••L - . 1 •„..,ff,,,,,,,,--.. -•1 1.L,-.-......,...-ia,...--_-`, :•--A: 111.,
, a•-.• 1 .,,, ..,,-.. .s.s- • •
)•••i•',..-: i'' -4;-...-.4..z.,--.•••,...1.-.=n; '.,.:;.. , E 4:.;...-- 1,. ... 4c-'...r-ii.p..y.a„seg-„,.„.;.• . 1
--
..:
1 i '''da:'... Id:'''' •. 16-"5, .1.,.,r-'5 '.--.:..,...' ,-„:9,- .,. ........lf ,i- E.,_47..-7,--..,...,:.----,. ,...7,:,--,_ .....„,,,.., ..7,_sq-4,::.,:.,,,,,,,,,,....,..,,,,....,,....„......, ,•,.
.
i,....,-, A :... ,
, .
... 1 i
• ..1,.!.._,..,t .„t q ,,I• ' ..r.
• •r 0.14r... :P.'A.1
•1 -'A ..'''' '-.,e ,;
1 ,TA-2
.4•4... ' ."'' : •-63q. •;?,,,,..:. i
.„.., i • ., • i(
ii. ........
.,
... ......,..... .,., ,.. . .
1 • ... ........ -,-t--.,-., .. , ,,,
&.....- • 1 •
.. ,-..-4,-..t. , R g• ' i,..4.,',.. '''zz-ril I.:, 4.1 4.-i--..-7,-r" ."...--, 1, -.,britko . . p • 4,,i••••,
• 9 ...,_,. .,--,.,...„
* 1 .,..."';:i.:::.4e.i.,,v., CF.1..?.I'......„.77Im....-1:: .7,a,"II‘ I;,1,:5.114,..41:1,:I.:.-1:k•Til.,,.I..I..1;.1.:Ii..:..,...::por.;...7,.....-...!,1:I,, r4., Jr
I
I 'I , '.Z1t,,,Ir -=m0" ' Iti I P, r. . L., • .• :;...--.,--,i _ !::pr.14;1f:4'41'4,•.: •:: ..,„,-.4,,,T-t, ta4),,_...1.*::.Rril.,,tr,.
;:-:•.t.•.'''.; ".' .,.• 3-''',,;*-7.-:.,,:,..;;;.-tt ...-paLki • ,.k.g.b,-,.v....r.:', Y•.4.• _1: ,.'i.,•.'v.1414,."6... s'•.:‘-t....A; „i'.- ::_:.*,',...erki.,,:L-4.'a t .•_,Ls; •
1 1 Ft-a'. , . 'rif!"--1*.,, '.-0 -. ,._,I .,.-1.i. c_.11 ',A,..i• :j._t ,-,....,• .7sto T 1,,,..s., )17-,,••:,..---..--... .- ,,,,,,,,_,.,--,,,,,,i.v..,......,•-t;
ff.„,..- 1 • .na.r...t4 er l! • .1•■•• •,........
1....,,-r.......,.-1: ;;,,T7- .."'.• ytil-. F-11.0.°•;• 1-1..T.F... A t • . I"•-•"'-"Er..,;i:[,.,.,=,,:%`1..I
a t •,-..,C* •P , .'i • I . "p"..iil • .....7- , 'k... I, .
e i ..:4....... 1 ri. .- .... • : •.' .4--7.11--!, .;.... -----71 •, _.,...r.... 4'''' :*•":: 1
•
tst ,=,-**,,p ...,..r...',1'••''. ••'f:.), -..—f,......qr •
e I k ry trg a :'••i. if1/4. II ..*.i...1.*r. At ..74)6.,:,..tr.zavo•-'11,'"'"-r.,=='4i. ,,,,.:t,,......)' .,
, .
. ......S.' s•FtbAA ,..''•.'N'f'!'.'"••• •''''42
ZAt'fr• t_ An E4S.,._... .. • I • ., • , f " I
,
I i'•:..,",.,..ii- liti:1;VIIIII*E.; , 1 ••__._.. 'JO.. `•',=... ::-----'-1 ■.: ...: .4 L.,,,..._. . ,...,. Aim: --• ..,..,..,..0,4,,-' I . .
a 'r- - ..,:evr-- " ...•• 1
- "-- ••----. . • . ',Ir.'•ri. 1- • ir •-i.- Li,;..-,."'T. ...•it _---• • • 1.,-11 .••%,4,A A •,'- 'fr•-•:.• •-.". ' '1' '7- 1
. , ...e--',4;. ''s.,,li 2'. '.'""`7=`' 1.
1 4•1'..1::":,r7,-L 7,,,i7M.":7;.'""I''''''"4 •'::""'w r"..."-7.'""'FILL -: ' "-•• •'".l'"""" 7".'•.;frN,4 ...1 • •- 1 . .
-.'' ly• . ,:....u,-.7,•), - •
. .--..
I .■,.., t . ..; .. , P. 'r '"'1 ,-..,44,;.'. ::::•,---,„,).3%,,FV727.7.. ''---":.'"'-..-}".•-e'N . .r r..- • ....... ri_.•-,,,... .
' 7-.....,,,,,!;itio'4'1. -.,-,:ito.g.:.•‘ ' B i ,e•k: -I jr:k4.,:•:.,:&,-,w.10—-• AO • Tr;".77-q * '. ' .**,, 11.--;;,147.. '•' r: -1'0°'
1 .''.0...,.■,,..*r • •, •"1 ,,„,,,,_,..— ...,....' ?.. ... if:."1.1.(4,'4,±,111.,....,.•... ,,,,,,......„,,,, clit; iit_,14 , 1
-1•,...r.43-',.P .I' ...,"7:. 7..7.- ' r VI,;;-0,,,eA'r,;,?-: .,'-B''.".„.••d.,, s'i' If:: 1 ti„,,-4....7i ov?,."--1,,....--,-p,f.-7,-,.;5:;
1 1 {4;1 4,-4-'5P.,''. 4 ..1.f.°' Itc--`•-•Ittg•-g k.J.J.-,-,11". tk"'',i:•.?li -;l`t, i _. ..4.4.••,`',,I.r---; 74'-Al.,. i e''Tg rd:.044___.:,..._..• e."-e--
, . ,..-e::P. -1 pi.ni, " ic. ..-4.i k.'4,--vilirtgl f.J•11 '4' 4 ( ...•• - '•••olitagNIFA
Ii .xerTie=';i:' •",-- : ',L • 'e'—'pl..x.it'' kslari' -....' •e• e•.; w--.1,'-'I:- , ii".iir'''' ' .• - .....4-
. L., .'. - ,_•4!" .,;, .-!,-•... -"'•••:' . .1 z;'''' l; _ . .;rd.. . 1,• ■ ',F1'' • .• ' "tk g•
. . ..'.......) il .174: ., ,,,,, 54 • I , 1 . i v. ._.,a.a.........,„„,,47, : .7„,,.,t,,,. . .„...m..4., i fl.,
'‘. . . ,r.J t• I. , 1Id .I 1661.•,,.•h*• u.,, '',' ". ,:' • tr *6•••
• I 11.K.:4"•• , 4,..,3.„1V!, ....-.1.,„1 ;:ak... i 1 tin.- i,.:.''.. ! 1 • ' : F.a.
,. • . I ;al...i. ,1, ,.1. .b••..1:' . ' -. ''• I*qr.••••. ,,•.,,, ' ■-, .■ '
I..* • ..-fil Al=...1.-, -. ''-,.,•••%..e- e. g'.....7,-;.■,:-,..,,,,,,. ik....:11 p.,„ .. , ,tiiif.„-Itt .; . .....,.• .t.c. . 0..._
I •te•':. '
L :,..t ..; . .. .L.,..1:%...e., '.. r...' . .,.1:-i,..,,,• ”.1,:.....".e.•..4..,
, 1 . ,.,.”1:,,,,,,:,..7...'"7 -,,,,-. . '",.... ^,. ..,• .r.!'',:g rmplati
Ti ! .. ''' :,....• ".4'41.,,,..tj'.*VII 11 ir .
• ' 1 .!: %.,,y r ..v,..-7., pr,...-.48 11.7..,..4*:.•.!,?...?..r.,:.%,;:.,,,..--- 1 ,. I es cz,--- --•'.• • • ' cv-, -6 1. 1;;113.7,-,-,,
. ii....f ..5:4?,"*. -.:Ir",1;'"*'%:elralti Ittr ....!•:-..,....;r.L.-.:.7.1
1 r4:- 71FL, .: :,4.-.4ffleig. . r .,1* 1•J'E ..b '...:: ,,.•'
1 -'"' '• ,41, -1:,I. -..,--4. -.,,r,-...,-. .. :. ...,,,,,,.-.-:..-.
. . . .. .......
. •1 L,... rtoti ,.j,„.7,,l,I,,,loam'',''''' 0.. '' 7,-- l'.,t-E;,,1.„.... ..• , :,,_.,- .,-.: . '''':'.7"--al,..,.......,,..t. •,••....,....1 ..r.,...a....
."-1•:'''-17;``'1' ':''' • ' ' '',47 i -.'-r-nr',..41.• . •'.4' . ' .r.. 1... 1.20,R,,.S.,.I .
. . .,,.;..
•..
.i.:. ..,..'.......-„....•i.■
.•.i..i.•,..R m....,,r.;.Is,.m.•1 t...,'..m1....-..;,.'1.pe5_:14'-I,'••!..p"T',ri..1L.l..fr-i..iFT.rt1'.,,-e,:1.a0 1.2:r...•.".1i-l.r.,....m";0Ma-.:...:.4-.-g,.-,..'1--1.'''-1-,cPft';-'':,1..,wi.'r.,•...',,t;,.A;.:Y'.g..,.2i..t.._:•'s ro-.---..'-..:;.t'...„t-.'—,.':,.i,L.-..,;-.•,'7'l-'S'1:%-,l,1-.',.l'''p-e':,--e,'TT'ff,T4.i tt.ii.Ar..t:".',.-„,•e..l:„o.0.0 x;-'-,r2.'.-,,'.0-A 4':-,--.4.-,1,l l.,4.-,,'-.-1 I!-'7-g.-g 4 4•4.'a4...i W,igv...1/4„.r''.-•..,.4.'a--I•'-1,•.t.-..,1.;_,--,.,5,...•.-..-'.Q:4..:...•.,7..!,''I,k.-•''"-,,P d.:.',.',—i."'1,.,1-f...C-.p..,.-'.i-.-4 i-".r--.1.y•.,P4 fl-'i'•'•.•r.1 L.,,x..,','4,.''...,il-:bA----.,ig.''-,;,.r":‘.-•„7,..:..-4.e1i.L 7o;.-.,i-•'rw c._f...,.-..I-.i-r.se.,..,d.,'...L:..„..,,.,,,'..,.i..•4,e.'4,.I,-,r!.,^,.4r".Ig,-.A'p..l 3i..-.;.t.-l*e i,*r•..,-f,-i 1t'r1,-.:i.•:1'.-.1...-.1:• 11
.-•.--,.•.1....:•,„.P-.•.E,:'d,..4..e.,i•'4,"1."iA4e,1•.,.,4'2R.`""._U..'f 0F,,-.':;,•-•,,.&-•grP,-..;,.:=„-_—.0'-,..°-.,.1.'r•..l r,'.j.i'.4..•,•'
1 1 J t1
r , -l- 1 T %q :,'•.:'...r-.:f."_.
i , 'r_:.•'2'....',-.:----.:•-.,''',.',.,'•'1 MI,,1 1 1 i.'.-1',.r---4,-c.;,e.-c1,•,.,-"•,.h1-a-,,K',-;b,ig,,,-:t,..,..,..-'.;:•:
.
.`..l
i•:.
;
1 i I
-- , kigask 3 f•.: ...nes.t.t. .* ••--r-T,1•:: 454r.r.,........ .r::.
iti a., ,,,,,....4 •• • 'a.., .. or.s
• .4.1e .•,4. i I fia, • I,'''''''
-' ri, ,,'Ilt...... ,,--,,;-•':,;-. ...iV,,,-.-&-••°'-•-; „ - , • :••••3::.--,,' .:- - ,I,,,It- Ir4.----.:r., ...,i•'::-,-., Jo
•
1 ,..° iiiik•I%-,..:1e,..,,i, - -,2,--ii..,A'-A.' tri, :•• • •• ....,•In. •,c--i v I/,f.,.4. ,, .•-.,,•• 1 .,• -itm••,---.1„.0.14,tit, ii ,......,-.
. ,si,-A 41.3,,...ir•. ■,..r, ,L,..'1 •, ..., .. ,...1A.1.•,, r. • . - . .,. : ,.•.:,,: „LI, . e,.. . tsf
, . . ig,24.1 :. r$. p.__„4,-• i:q..,,,,,.---•A v. 1 ,,6.. .....4.. ..,.._..:ilk t.,, It* t.,....P..11..,-.1• r.1., ... -.....,-.. .,.`.., .1.04.. . _ It.,f
•',.„,.„,,,,,..-ZZ.:............-,...„,,-ir4.14+:3,-{fig. *-•'',. ..,•-r.. , •.. '',".• 'r”;*ii ..„..m;ci,.:. ...iiiii,'-'• .1, 3.,11,..„;:„„,„&,*,,,,,,- ..i;,..; ',:„E4,.i ,.,.. .., . , .•;•••••-• „...rt^,1 .j.
` il•'""...1 -''," 1• ...I:L.; , ', "-'1 4....,.. Ix: ' ',`IIP P"V.! n., '--g-On. "'"'" ... . - ,-- .F ..•'1:- •''11;f'::',,i',1' P. !"--7% **9 • 1,. .4
. .. • ...--'e.'Wg.' i ' ' •'1 ' r.-4.,... ir:. '-.-,s-.'-': 1.0 ..-4'40 .it.'1'4..r.'-..;.? ..- -•'. ...,. ,‘,ik ..•...,,:--“,::....-.1,._.:Akis I've .R.` ''''l•
; ' ';'...r,v,41„. ,.,„ ,p,.',57,..,,...:. .14,- .....4.- i=,-•t ,.,..,-.4, -„, ;.t..t•i•ilL,..;,,14.Artit,..4.7-!---- .j' 1.....-!.•• .21 -hi •.3z,-,,, - - •
, ; :i„ ,..,,,,-4.,. _ oi,list 6t.,1, ,.., i '•::,1,-:,...I: ...77.1.„,E.1......Pir. 01 , 4,..... .;,.„,..,....,,i,.,..-..• -• - 4..... ..:. ....,..1
-14- - •i „, ....... p., ,,..,.....p.i. .t.,--,..k,.:Aim,
....:...- kr%...--v -.ti • .4 . ,.: 1 ...t vii• ... • :•.1, 1'1',,,,,.1 .td r4
r•r •.e•,.._:•••:. • ,--,r•A .. _-.., _• ,• . 0 4-41_,...W-- - -,.=,. '....7,!"........m.::::.. .• • • .,,,,..„..„,,... •• .iiiiiii,:.• -i:7...,, 111- I
,; de?4, ,■' ''• 0,7
• ARBNii_. -7,164.7. i .11;1, .,,,,6314,-.4.,,q:.,t-....:-. •.. . ...4. --,-.'...-.'0. 14,7.,--",- 1
.
•
. .
E
, ,. , Proposed 1• 0- i 1m
A ti AmerdrnflI
__.• . 1•
. .1 1 i 47X----4-•-.7.7r,., -2'..elliii- • 0-4:.•:42.' 1i-toil.--24--,01.4'.'L*.,,-..."isikteigT....._ ,,F.RM.._..__•Elliliumil.„,_____,__Alt21,_ lig-,-,.•
' •
. II . i .,.-,-.::.,11..,.:....-, ';.i.•.k, i ..
• i
I
., fmans========EltrN
1 1-tV•.i. 'A.:::::-ait.::S'. '51:Pa' Law:tint* .,
1 1.**. . trit.- .,17.i. -1 • i
. .., ... _.r . . tom N
t• ,
. . . .
,111W.5'.. irkt-,,d . ....,.•.1,:l. M 10.11.*?-4.1--- infilii- -r-wag. .v.„.• i
, ...
.,....._fs? !•. --„--:- k. -.7.1.0. • ,..k.i.J.v.,
,-..=-7..
•
.N, - • - • '..,4',..1...-.; . ' -.-.7.7. "..liet.,,ifir-g0 ;t6.:gfA -gee,.#.th'ii it49,.TA. '61
i .
=:.,..
I 1 '..-.,..:*..• "--..:. Ii.,-7- ft.: * .
--..,........4... ---.--7_ 1i, 1:: --,, ' • ''' • • '" "' - , ''''FA."....0 iliftr#:#.:4
.d.i ..1:4 ti' 'm gt -4±K.il- -.-''''' 71.-.-- •- -
i ■ ', '.".¢.•-• •.•..1z. s•:1,1,2,,:Ai,1•_..,,ta M'',,.B--,77611.-'153i:E 1
•■,,.'-'7.6 a 7.- :7:..-.45"7 in'•' -..'"'-'-'. - -PANIT Pi. ill'A.tittri.
11.:1.-*MHIg#1,- -.-ki --—-- --- i"...-..-at^lda.E.kiliTa•-• - •-t-re%-'1•vn., '
-CF-1144-,..`.'r .-''..i.ilva**--;,:- ; ---...,et.-§,aic—• ,
•
1 1...:Lli..77..;...a, ,--1,,, '.„ ' d-.7`-...4.4,,, '...,r7B'Th. .'1'•:-.*E1,40-0.E.-. 4 I
i • - ;. * .if:.1.1:4. i 1 ...--.... • U.P....• Ur'.:-.u1...,......itztek5._41
1• --..::.._."7=-1_ .
1 ' .
, .
. • .
45
•
1 ,
.
.-------
1 ...
- -•
..........._ ....._ ______
1 . - • -- •. ..-. _______ --I
•
.
.. I • -I
.•. . - . ....
• ,,,,.,..„...„, II _
id ....,---1.--1 i?- . ".-,-;:-.------e.: firi-- ...•E J 'A:6 '
' ..
0,:6.- ' 7 l' '''" . A• * ' . • •.`x.. P Jo re.. 1.-1Pga*T' '"r•:•'-' ...- - •:.-4...,`,A.....E .. ,r. _ ., ,4-,„-:-...,Iri, I 4 71• .- ---.:....11,
. ,• 4 r‘- ., ,,
-• --- -i.% 11-- .,. ,,.. ,i: ....-• r 40 '.,..,..„-4=.;;,....ril,•.. ..•- '..-:. ,' ,..-i•,...,F
. ... t.,.....p...r. - .;--,...,Ds I.. •
3. F.! ':-, °E- 1' • ' . .• -:- 1 •,.•,,:eq, -•..,.----.•-I. " •I' r ."4".4.,,-;.,...1 ' ,*..' 1.:
i....r...°7 n.r.' ',...1=-,°4t-
- ..1? .T;N -- - :.-.. .„ . O'ti k_...4,2. is.' .• s 1
ct
. - -7-.4
•. t
ri , • • :,. e
''' ';''''''''''''-'113.1. . 11147rIl.--.I: '6;4 il•i:.7"Tk:"4`-'14L'f26:77x:4:'.. .. ..'.•,-,;.T.7::4'17:1"'41,1''''''":".:471 7'' .'3:; rii!"!''';`:::1''''.'1''!-;;-t'. :••Or-,:l
i
.ir--ttt-M,_ -1 p 1 f.' •..; • 1 ...._.---_., --• '17..•- .2. &,tr . i • 1 0' yr:•, • : • -
r*7" • .i.t ..r'''''"' .- s'''''''''''' '-'''' .l'. .' '!"•''.'Pr,Ii 'AIdetni ',7r. -4
rd .„...r*:, . . ... :•.-J. .... 1 : i rj ..1.,:il • .-.4 i N ::•:A--.. F.,: .;
r.:-,----------- .• -------7------:-7.----..''-:-. .---1--'.;;;77---i-i. '41 N 'f) i_ 4 '4441 •■•■•".. --,"."41 ; i'
is. r.t.....t.:.: 71.--'-'-'• N -,,....,'''.:..--,. _ zt-4.1...;,,,.,:24 _2„:16,• ,,",•..t i ii •.. “r""'" ---A '.- I• 4-.. ..'.... ' T .,..,' • -
,.... ...,,.....--.-,-.....--,--, . ., 1- 2414.4,ii,,,....ie-...), , $
•' I 1-...,,,I,,1.--r-u---,. .1.-. 1,-.. . -: ......u,'P-1'.. 61-■L 4. ••- • I E'
. •at .41.4.e..el ,
I 4.4.,,t P.. . A; 4 ;' r. ..-r'L r• r161-''''Ig" I '-'1ir.,r• " • i 'At', . "..7...'n''''
w
I '....;4 .-, ' c..-- 4 I- • A. i '14.i•;A •' .t-- • •-1 .4-.7'.4•1--'' .i
•:,.., , -,-; ...m.• • frf,..., • II .4.--c
,„,,Irs. i •.--r..,,72,,,,lif,,,,,k.,4 1.4.--..„..., ..:.....e......-.4, _ .,,....... ....
rt.J.1%. ..t.f. , 1. ." __. . i.,...i. ,..,. .-.....,
l', .. •--, • 1 11 V..;-=1,; 1::_;.-... ,4 .,...;; E • .0/. a.. . !,u •.-4,,r4r..... ...--14 v....-. -.,--lif
r
,,. .,_.. :;.,46, . nntit ./.i.,. : . , h.„..„. ... .,..1r.,.„.,,,,..i... .
1 idyl =.,=z3P-41 .h.!• ...• • ..1',- • i ,,.....4.4.,,,,44,! .,.9 .. - , •
1ft ,".Ti Is: .:''•i ONISI
.,t'.; 6,14 l•“:;61totiog• 1 i', i..•••• -• .-•4V- 4 • ..;:,., .-.• .., .•,`--t:i. / e a:= LI, 4. • Op'
? . ....=1.. , •. ,,,,r:.: t .. :' • -:''''''•• . --az-i-gi..4.4.,igra il ..., oil] 1 eV:.if: k. --. i 11:I .
.:;= • ..0 - • • -... •• 1.,•. ..!..,f... .1. .• • .„..:0 ,-.,,..:,,, :,fir r4....A.• .._•:-:,A. .-i.,..: .-...Ni.,:.i.• c....i-■ :itliV k ..
m .*.„.i.,-ry ti ti A ,*".:-A,.....-.64:61,1 : ..:.: p....- -P- ''u- aelw-- ' ''''''il 6, ,..F, .ji;,‘2. "-..e,... i:•,-.-f.1, ,. ,,-•
-414 3.---T47:(4- .: ' .•'.;..4.4.:,,.P I- ;,,F-1"- "'I:N:4 tz=-7
kr........._
'
•• -";1:4":V' ; i,,,„....' 3:7,;;;,,
. '..."-•,-" - 17-
!::-.74* ' •-.1'77;t1',Intl r* '. ..". .11F i ■''
=6 It'r' IL'I eri'P-E.& 7trt;'"'•••-•".'`. 2,,;2.,r.f.: '''' t .,' _.. ..
• ..
A'r:....4 A,.fd 1' 1.•-••••t _ nki
P,,.. : :-.,, ''''6.-/;eP-""ile..%.,,,.4.„:4.....1;., '...1 't.* -,k.•:••.•
. .1 ... I b i ,,, "h ....LLA
: : ....r.-.: .,i.:,1-4:::.--,..., d ...., •,... -
.'5,0t.
:I. ri-------i. 4,:i• . _.-4,_.. 1 41?,..,:,, -,• i 5 .•:. . 1.JC.1..‘i'''1'::'1:W .4' r---.2"1.1:6'1'21:::: '
L' ..l'i - - ' ;•'-' .... •4--• bil .rik..,,i I 1-aa., • i il r2.
_ • ..1.: t vls.
4 IF:- -'• tl
!•'s. .- -•=t- ' 1&.!' r.,,..,.417", .•' .---=--' . 1,1r-r:lj '' ,.""T....„, cll.•
4-.:.,...- i. • ,,,•-•• -4:•.,..V ••.,'V,Ii i• ••.;,•I'Irt:':' '■• .:-j'-±,•77r"....• ia is .'",,,-.:.v.:I
c-i.:.--,..,•,-• 7.''',Pi':'riqet.:;-; kfIL'I , ,;„_,____••••,,,,-.-_,,,P.---, • t: ;l.
;,,,,,J'''E,:•14_1S- '.'1.,-'-'"-- • 4 if.. . .-
i. .:4:..14 5 ,....1,.Li.,,,,-1.,e-11.,,,,:jk ,., 0 .1,7.1.7.,:•-:.i,..,.., y,,p•
..rigg,'....P='N71:4r'".,,i'l •
' 1 N ii3
L ....,B,1 i.,,,,. L /lief,: .,1- '• '• •11•• ..„._..,-,• *. ••• -..4',..4•FIA". '-.--- .
. 1"V'' '-'0=-FI''''..-i'•-:.6 1 ;',.P.:N • • • •...IT''.' 7 ;c1 '.-741''el:.-0,:'.i. l'''t'7.1,1•..,1
' ''''.11:" ' -,,•,-T-islrify4.4' -1;, . 110,1:r::::VIV 41 . lilgt4 : .`"•-•'.. .79:1!•".;::•;-- k?'"7••_ ...,..,._
: .'"'''''': ''''..,1,' ''' iTm,g• .6c4.2.„. -1.7•li.,-:...,......,,,,m: " :.c.:,.•...1„.,:,,,m-......1.3..i '."-...L:.."": -4.iji711 L:*'; 1:1'..5.1 ' ''''',.'-.....:L--":-. '.. I3='`',...'.166 igit.
1'Zr7f-
,, ...* •.J,..,•.•_.,...di,. ii,,.., , .. .. . .`-',,■•I, ,,,,...7....-;..,.1 .:.r ., • ,i, ,.. . .Sc..••-.1,0. •,...„,;.:.:..........„..47:7,•:: :. .I.71,:Lirf::.. -... ., •,. .
' ',..„ .,..•1,:11.nri•,3 , ,„.., 8,71,1-4,p;,1..;--*,;:,.S41,1.;'1:!....: if 7, J ..;■ .....' ...,,,Ve7, f"-- €..*„ i VI • 7 • ,,,Tt.,...,..,,,,:,.. .- -:...'f•
'71. -.;.:....-q....;,.,...X..:il...i: ‘,....",4-i•-.. -,......! ,-;• 15111:..'L -F-•-- 4,,••••.-T 41. -7.::,■. $. ,i 1.,
' I.-.. ..• ..r.'1", :. •'.' V5-'d :!)- i •1 (4 • .-176'-r.'.,,,,..-..;-•-iyi vig,,,,g, .1 ,F...,,,„- '',": .4:544, %....1,• :„EtLi. ..Z.:4„
..-144.:: -'Jr-I'? .;.t' .. 1,, -...14i9,--*4 7-t1.- F ..,. 1. 14 '.,..Iiiii$71'.....v_,;:v;.4--.,i.r.•1•ae' ,I ..,
'. :•••W .A k hx...:91i..,..11.e4.7,:;,._,..; i -----. . -7(' 'a...;.-;,„.11 . rt•-_-: '.sc-. -~0.... ....:,. ..7: .
op.Ia.,.,,L, .,,,..„-,:17,..Nlir-,,,,fif.,, A t ,, . •i
," . $,,,'g' • •% t„ .-14'•4•i"-•k••••• 4 1 ii.. r.....7-77.:::.43-11,1 ..,. ....,,,..-..1i.lzii.:7„,..1 4. .. . ...:
1
•, r.k.i..1. - - ..: „,••,.• 4. .T. . , --.
... .,„,,...,. -,,y,. --.,,,..! ,...,d7a: +,__,„1, , . :1 ••4 ... . .. .,„
...1 .._,.-.t.,-;.! FF7r7z,C7-7,21, ."..gr ta,--"artm:r4„2,'-'•7 "' ' •19.44126,11 I .
- ■••76''7r-41
• i.iT.:'--7-1.V.•..r.'.......il-:,..-;„-----..--A..i• (• - -.-.-1°I.r-SIO.:j• :Ilk:L$.1 -41-771.' 4r1g, ) ':•,4.rw"....;,.-;.>,--,..„1"-Elalti..)7415-- "':-/,-`7'-' -4:''''.'-. • •'• •''''*".r.•°''
,: •11•4'..i.1:!'"io''t'!. ; * •• -iLt'''''--A ...1!'''. '''...;..-=-* .-- '...,----'''' ' ' ....: 'f''-... '''' -- . ' . :: , ' i
'uilx;:.--.24.s....1-: " !-A"'"," .:*'1:-..:. -. *, - -7,--r ' - -- ': :*, ' •■
.,I I,• ilaiV..mr.,. -r...1r.11,-,-,p--.-.':1 F.....a,-1,--.-N....-•i'l
•.,.
. I.P._D.'\''-t-I"oOr..H.o'7 e...s,m-;e._:en.l l_',•o l'.-v.;t.*r*Z-7O7_'.T t.it1k!..•.._..u-_*;
P•-•-e...tA.-.i.--t 1.il'"•.,l:1:-if.4.a
t_...e..ft__•p.d.',
,A,.-k.'0i_•.a.,.i
.:.4e..i•.i._i_4,i,,..E-i,_i
a...m._ 9._.,-A..4
l
IP:-•• •--°-•-•----jillii-44-
'a
• ,,
I itWA-i-tr.' .3 - • • if -' F.=;5.11.7,41.---;:Ivor:: .0T., ..jiltiddi. . .s.01..... A 407.4...• i iNj kg'
"P.... .:7..-...:-. 1 Pr-;'•. ":T.14:
• • •"• . ' I
H.1,.,1/2-i ....•$,'.tr.r-T.'*--- -• •
t ..v 1,'
•;; ' •-• •1..--.- •,c....,: . ---. .•-•• : ,• t ..*-glikri.idN'• ,•
. . ...4-- . ,
1 n
C
d
.. , ...... .: :,..; NIA-- -:w..... .,E,,,,. ..,_,,,:447-.,v-41....
gro4Aktoti•gr...vocon,..47--iig rifWgit.'411 -
.. .
. • -•'-'' •.' .. 411 'i
4.-• . .. 1
-: . ' :-...•,. ..: :I..' I
ii t. •1•'A 1 . '19*14.111•04114..ittP7AilftqH
. .r e=7,4W-,4";--'.'.&•=. 3.L., :i#im. -.1.--,-4.. .._?..L. .
W'!...z11.r. E.Ifft;41*--;';'..-.•'- it-Er.,4430.,4,1.1 0
•• -
•rr'''_ - I
f• -.--- . .
•
•
. ,
•
•
• 46
• .,:.:*•:,:-. I -•
..ii• '
•
,• :I.'
. ,... .
... '
- • •
' ..: .
' I!
•
tp .
." 1-•.--"'"`" ''. I
-7-CIV. •I'lie• -I'.. 12...A1 ",;tt,";i ::i..S,t4' A ..0.-„-mair'..,_, • ,..._.,•,... .. ._,., ,
1,,,..,,.,.,,,t..411111, „...,
,... . ‘.• r /• .... i., _ ,L-:,•,, 1:• , .
is;,' ,. •2 '
!; . •:'.4*.14'.‘'...'. r,L.' ' .el'''T''''''4"`":' LI* :`'''''.••••4147. 4gti'6"'''' I.r11'=.-4,--•• ''''.-.5;:-•-•"=7Fi ...••12, -.L..'7:4,04....• ''..--,,A g ,J
, • ....,;='..... H7 .FFIliol.v -,,... i„,,,. ... -=...--,:.iv...-4.
I' '• "'''''W'r-114‘.7-lr'"I•I••-• •';'•'• I '-...; .•,J „
.1 I .,1- li.v.,..,,,- t: - • •' 1 ., . .,..!..,
....eim Iv • . i ...
•1
a.d....i., ...ir .4,,•,,v,; ,,,.....„..... ,7-1 . •-- . ,...1.ii,:...,shisr-,.1 f'' .' 4--,, • i °I. ,
'if--- ...,,, .., 4 • I
. I' •...'.. ,? rl'.- e. 4.;.,,
I. F.....N... it:-... ..x
-.,„ t La,, ,,o av-41,-1,71,---7,1,-.• ..,..N. .
..., ,. • ,.. , ili.,,,L1f.'--IT;.•=.. • . • [
•j• , . I
.• f.7Fult. [1..,„„„.-:1-z.:1, -,•'"„...;,E.. ir„,;,,,..,_ .7-,-.. 1,,,_,,r1 ..: •• .*5,4,, ,,f. . ,...-.7,„..,---,,-=-1.
1. . I" a *-`7-1"ga % 1 7''•''''1=7 " .-:. '..•'•••• 2 • '•• '.1.,It Lt.t,---tf ' 1' i.-, • -...r'''. ' -1 1
a' • 'V. i•
•'°'4!:••••4. '• 41 •-. ••••'•7*. . . .'• i:17--" •• .7•&L.,,,,.„," 7:Lat. I'Ll-•".111. •
t,....,, .17. • •-,;,r7...-r-:,1 • ,
' •• ' •,1,-r,. ,,4,....•rv-R_ _ .4 1'41 ,•''..•
'±'.•' ..,-. '4-2-7---v-..- J'a I, .4.. • ' -•'' ''' " .• •
_.•
i •-5,-.T7;, rTi.. ,. i;0 ,... .•• ,R ----,--- • .-:-•- ---;,4---:.---'''''.7---..-4•.--* •-'''''''''ITT-.-.:-..„.;-.7:- ..6.......:-,:-'7.74311. I. /
• -•• , ,-, aaa =jr.,-,,,• _• . ■ • • ;•'''-:‘,." • I; 1....1. _21 .4.-., -•
1- •I'It =1*...=m'll ."'' 11'• I' * •'9"'lli4' :orqr... 4:A'S-In it...$'Ai,,,•..2
■1 • lo.,..•„.... it-,,■711.i.,:-•••L.! : .1,
' 0 • • , , • .."•=' ■Nr...”,r-r.r,i• e'''''tb''•
14 ..m...1,....,-,...........-
.V•• 1 ;11. i 1 i. 'Is..''''',-....,-,7,71 . ,r.w., .. ....1 ..•• ••
.;. 4"' i-.. , ; is.'"tP
. i -..,...:-7,,.-;.-r-",.... ....'-,,..41Y- , 1.`,,,,-1. A" - ji 0..'•! i i.•11.T- I;si I [
..
., •
.7..... .1..,. .....,44
j I I: .-0....• . 1 .4 ' • .,'"*"''''' -1-''' r, ...: la II..1. •1
- I.:4"'•. • -r II ,..„,,,t I'to" --
'•-.;,...... fl ".•-r;1;t..!--7.1,:•-■.' I I t'1•2. -..7...0.1.,..,.....,:.1.,. • -- • --..''..1 .t.l.'"......t".1..' •.'"II., ,tr....7:--- . . t'••• 4
'I. . so* 'I' Tm-----.---.mm. ' t... ----,
' li 1 r • ,.
1,..„,„,.., • . -Tr.,_,,,. .. .: ....r.,,-..., -,4,r T
„L---.74WS5.1.Nr -:'r...2.'" 6' l,•'a 1../
'• ..11'• r' ••!11---Ffr t .•.. • ' 1 -a-i-§ '•,ef i r•---- '11144
:...t.'--Al ''''4i* •--•• ,'Tw6iti 1..ri;y lk. '. 7:1• fl . '• *hr., - -, . 6,47,44:$07w, Itc.....q..ti.. fi. 1 • . •t •
ktie,Iits . , • •
lel'....'. •■. '11 . ri It1r,:t.:31 1117",A17,i . imjA i *4'''''' 1:1 • -,5, 1 g i ,,,,
, • ---,i ,, ... ,1,,..„.... 4:..... K. v•. v ii ....•.,, ..17.7,,Tr5v,F.F.vm 1,,, ,t...Fp. i • t-_1.,„40.i• ,,,,..,..,0
,..7!-L.- , ,
l'11:1'' t':4144:',17.'1 7:7"""0,..4•1". '1 '."i'*"---4'
:V Ilis 1 ' LI •'..x fes7.01 4...;-. ..:Vt:A '''17Vr4'11;".7! -"..If:•••'..t••.. ' ;•'. ' ••• .
''..4 • • prr 7t.„,, 4)1,3")', f••. . .: i F'S‘4.' rt., r•-•; ' -.. .• r.,..., "•i'ari• tr'' 1 ■
•. : • Ii ' A. !AL .. :51,7
.li .•Y'r er.-Lt. y" t .., ...'W,,.!,,,,,,,,ar, 1., V•.;:i•••"!,•-"•!?:''r+-7"--'1;." ..."•ii. "... . ."'"'-u ."-r.V. '';'.4"..i',It.,.m.ta-al"....:tuIl•
' , , !!!.••',..::-,11.t. .tet4r.zr.k... I : -I ..--•' ( ( .5"-.314: L. !V •
: .4,...,.... --,.. . jj,
4 ...":-.:Fikt ,',,,::,,,%.„-„:-.Z.:* ,..?i-...,, . pi ...., ,r, '4.',„is. 1 , tr--'.•- yo_ir--rz---,i -#6,,....,,--4.- ':',-1:"f---,...7. ...2,11!'.z •. _
,•;:;:,;• ..a,.....r..,k kr v.irt ..:,•
,-,-,ff_-....s...-N.,'• • E 1 •, •. rk.i. • ., ,, riiiNtg .4-„,.it.,,: ::A. ";-. -.am
.,-F,--.----,,--_,,,.!.-7--:;"--''-..sasiiiiiiimasitc -- ' • '''''''' famap;,!!•,,i7rP'5. .. 4•... ' ...••••k_11:11
. -. , . . ....i; ,i,k•4. • ••.11,',...„•
. . , ...
,'.1kI;I4,I'• •' [04'• ' , 4. . .e.. ,4.o• _ RA 1.. -.'..11:,... lie.:,--*--,..; :,;,,_,,thos.'te." ...-;• •i 11 411
.... 1...•.,,, ,..e_&., i ,„..4,,.c,... ..,,....x,pm. .. '`':* r.,,0...,......,,,..,..k,.. ....,.H....7:,..e,r4.1:0.7t1,:' '1'...
• (.•:I •-4 .4'•t 1
: • 3.,.. .,
;: '• 0.'-'111 - ' ' '''..-74. ' ' i - '" . : - - 4,::-°-.1-5,,s'.7,4i -t.... ,
...3'i , A..'.. -■ '-‘'' • 8-1-. --• , rd , --••• 7,. ...• .'' 07- '''''A 'it.Ili; rek• .
...„' "21' '.1.14 , ...4r6L- P 1 • Lo..-, 1 -••,..7:-....-74--pi .„ti;,,o,..:. ..,....., 4.:_w
.. 2)' , • . • . p.i........ ..,..,
4 A .•• 1. ,l'I-• ....v...r":..e,2'+.„ ''',,„,...t....•.
4 -.••gf•• I .,,,;,,,,.... ,, 1''•I'aze,,,, ....1 i • ••.•11." 'f"1''.."-V 1.....,_;••6,-,-...'7. • ,.Ir • ,k 12 V 2 E1
.,,,• , d...-.. .--,' -- - i i ' t, ' I l'i ''-- -r 7,4$1'. '1,,T4-;:l 4 I
1 1 •. • .%.,,,..k..;=,...., 41 gt.irit•-?,--TTigrill. I ; • ''.1,P • ...-141- 44 ,,I,- ,
••: F. -,-,..,,og .:.1,...,,,,,, 7.•,,,,,,•,,,,,,i,...to IE.--".'•I . f 4,4,,'"' . •.••.,'.'''....ZIcI'''',:-_,,,,2,T-----1.6. ..4tOY ; ", ' • I
IL, m.'• ''.''''Ga.&- ••--, -tr.d., F 4,eTII 11. •`•'''. - 7.- "' ' • •••••:.114-17-',14,0 1., ... II&I;;It .•'.r, ''''1,-"t14
,.,;.'4. 1.' : .ftti,... x. : Ev,... 'A IL:0 i ,-•-,::. - 0- ir...1.` t- t. • '-w'''''..
,.....e.r....1.. , •
[,..1,.......,,, .P.,1. . '4 ....,„.".111.•,,,,.,.4 •,-v..-,.......,4 To.,,A•lx...e.r...,.4 11. a-4, .ti ..; • - 'IL'''::,.,,.!-r-:::::71 ''-'••* ofij'l 1'• ; ,'41"i
r.....,.1. ...1--,-.1.--2-:.r,,,-.7.-i5a.,i
1 •f .4. •.•,. •••v rF: f ;a1., !Ii, -. ,,--,,:1111•, .•, :• • ,..4-... ■„ fi,...-707,7,7t, “, ,,..5,- :ii•Ra,„,11,
.,, ,
m ....1. . Fr.) 0•...,q,I'. *EA i ..-411A-. 1-•t/LiI1 Li-,•.!;-4,1,A.:$111-.4,,,k. n.rt,,.,"-g. tl- .. ,,q-*T----"'-if• , ‘ gt,415,, 1,,,,,3 t•fa,r..' t.i....,," , •
. ,4, .-i. • .,:. ii•.re:: -.1.,..,1„. • g-s iwa-4- ,..,„,;,...,„...,. --r a 'd',.• _,..,FF,41,0. .„.,-,ms l'... ‘. ...• '. •• IA•
'..."TLI 1. .. ... ••••••4!..4.' .`. 1,:... 4:•' •• ..4 '', , ., t''''''e''''''. ,.'''' Q .",,-, v...?,-AI-•724Wt1 n11, •
.,rIit.*: .7 ‘,:'7117
• . . .
.... 71, 1 „,:.....,.. .:. ,,...„... •
i _.,..,.. ,, ,...“. ;01 %!•"r'
..x.. v- . .. R.. , : ,•, . NI ...
. • A ' 1 i• &r.. • I ,
4 h..:110''....,:r.11,i7 '4.-ii.
ri it
• r • OA" .„,■11,,,,R. ..r.d.t ni, .
" 1.
..1F4A4‘147/12;;•,-;:r,1• . . '''-'7 • II. • •• • .„. • •''',. *• 'g••cIA' .•• 1. .--L''••'''kliVql• '•-n•••• If,?•2•, I'''.:'.1•A'Al/ .
• .••• -...1..1..a■ •IV ..a ' 4 v r-... - •,:r-r.r.:tiP',., ,--a4,Yi "7.' ' rj- ...thair' V. 0 . al■ir.....I.'t.:,,'.A' t4.--'?-..-•.:-- ---.•1 i
.. „ .-. . Elojs ..• -,,,.. ,,,...... •'.,__,
. .
..-_,....•...-••.-!!....-v,,,,• ,, iffnialigavii. •-• 1111 •••••4 ..' ••-• .. . ., •.•44r4,,,,Y. - ..."4.• ...o',-■• • •
. .■.'0114TO.d,,6-...!.,:=p- ,..,..-z:F!'*11'.1'......wl'x'i,h-,-• _,,.-_-_,-..-- _--
_ _14_ . -41..,,,,,,,,,..• .1
'• Z'' Ati • riarn
prop'ose-d'.:. eining., , as` • .•A- ime 14 .. . „.?
, .
, .. ...._._. , _. ..•••,---. •-. , , ..• • ••• .,,-,,,ii,•,:4•1-ANIA,
•,, ....0. ,,,, . . ,". ., , ia,,,AA'.-•.7ii.o......._;;In:• ci:apiam..,.a..•:-.....,,iptitiri:__.:ghli-6- rtik5d! _ . _ .Ts• I _ •
_:',.!',.,.•' -..:;.%:11, i ,
1 '. , i7V 3 1.•,.. • •
410•._••-- -- -1- -L;r-ti,.._,_ A.!ma•,,,,,,-,,4,11-, ,'T.-"m--jr-,•7",;-'17 - --'-• • , '.•,
E. .
iltaissua=,:asmiN- 11,___i___== ....1.•.^.-i• :4•17, -.. _____ ,
..
I.' '• `11ial
w ..1
1 M tak,a:;44141:41•14.0. ir-1-•.:Lo..• -.L.Lam. ...,,..irloo.
1 ,.,......56,. ...m.,,:o., ,,.„ . ..:!„::2••!,,;.,,,i, •
.,,, . .1Two,•„:... .ii. A
.- ............_.„..rar----'11---r 1 I
- •
1 a....•1‘ ,Wailli4 ...r4,1 1•
•1:41 ' .'id • ' --.''
. .::,...4,41--.7 ,. .....,, g,E i',.."•7.....:,....4 a I . .R•LIA 1:4. .. .• _,-.-7.=-.=-,-.......,
rv-f;;:2•..--4.11144,-•°";.1. 47.E.--''til....-#."',. r. .11.._v... 4. ,..,D: r...-al-...---------2-**.10'
- •
,,,..... /-jr.. 14.4.$4-I 1 . , . .;tm, Fimar4., _......,. z••• _...1- ...•:. ._ ....
• r- - %-"parii.),R.1. 4. ;,Ft..0.i;t4,,Ite,A*44,
• I
•
.,
i -
i
Al& •-• -a--..,,,
%..11-* 'I' ..sr '•'. ;10,:iiii0..0- 1:::g1011r4t.41.41-NO•4:.: #1." ‘'rrm.7:e.E.M.L7k1, -... f'4;a•--1.4.-4,T.m.,,
IF4Fair:.- *-E0
.„:._.... Ej„.• ,•-•- ....!
, a '. . ' ..,- .. .
.a■
i-,;14 .,..ri.kr.t..IIIatygT.'-'5, ki
kilui 7..--a.--7-.--•----'4 g•
• . I ' '''' II 'I 1 Thl
I •
' .
1 ;
I •
. .
. 47
-
— •1 •-
I. , I .
i' "I • -•
,...-,-„.........n,
. .
., ).,, %:,.
. . _
. ,. . ti ' I .
47-, 0---:••••••'..----------.-,--.1,....-.,r. ,...„,.. .•. -:...__s,--■ ,...... .....
•• '
17 I...— 1 . . r;
1. Y '-1
7 ..,,. .e.,,,,-;.,.:;;H 1, -t;..4 =1 1 •A;.....1% I
, , :. ;77.-:-• 1
,,:.:,,'. . kt,-'4,-.7-4. ■ '.111'1 . i
• •
'''D -. Intta ....*.:i'''''.:',
. . 1:*.. 'P..• 1.1201ji . ,..,=, .,--',..• --,.....- , 1,1 r .• •- •'' %■-'•' '
1 . 'ie:. •-•, ,i". ."1:-..-......■."'""___ .,4- 1..'"'''1,...:,...-il'. --,;ih •.. ,LI 4' 1 ...' 1 .i.. • ti,.. • ii ..'..1 ,,E;
. 1 • • , z, 11 b i•.• .."....,...,1
4 IV ,5•`'...........:'...'".•'.
EI!'''f'-'7'- ,— ..'..i..•'•• I P § :--:.....• .e• .
--
, '..•-..1.:," ..,...,g1
il 4e3,47':e. 1,--:..,.'.'-:,..,',.. r.: .;41 r,,i!,.. •• ..••. '0,--,r4n
.Ns', Id.1:,....-....-il --':,, ,, ....,..r: 4,.,,,,i !,,,,..„...„. f. ,,,, ..!,,,,,-7,.. •
. . 11--nm...'.-- ..r.'"A1/4," . .,rN ..44.: 4.1 'R.. 47.1.7,,H --4 . - , . • ...• - .• or .?... • t._
,._
• 1 ..r li 7,P,'Twg..11 • •,.• ' 4 '''114P., .... •.*•,.,4.r. ,.,:" .111... ,,,,„, 4.4, __.1:.:.•.--•*.ref.... el••.. • :..:' •'
i -------.‘:.•-..-:ii.P•' ,. ..!..=., :1.,,,,,,m-,17-C,,, .1 41 1 514 t 1.' . . r,i 1.---z. '- - •ii_. / e ....:,;:.eri• ...7.,q 1
.._ .
. i '.-%. .=•-: ,•,•-• t. i416- 7i, •:%*." •' '' tin —:•• .,•• •-.•5;ea .4 ''PV1 .' S RI I
.3;,,,...p, a, ..•••,,„...,-- .,,.k ,--,t..4,..,- -_-...:41,4-..: • , .- . .. 1 -, ---•-tg-----7---- v . . 1., '''-:tr-=-1. ' li
....:lit --,,,.,,,,. 'n•;,..,•.0., ...
—..,....d..,,,,,...... .., • 1 ..,
s - -.'••,-4.16, q,, ...,.
'i• • • •4 ,.- „eL„, i'. Liir. ,
* ••• . ' . ,A...,, :-.. . 1. ,,,,.0.7„ 1:
4, ,,,.•,'' g 7a •••••' 'UM., '1 •L..........„,
. , , ..,..
,... .
1----4,-;,..........14..ei ' ,."....m"..°"`Irt'-" '...,................-• ' 51 . JO " i'
in :1'gri ti • ..rel.nt. ,fi •• i.111.
i''''un,r1rt• , - -J. ^,..:,......^ • •.-a , ..41%-, ,,4. iii."''-' X • '•.ret•1 1.,;'"ir...
,r ,;•■•... ,.. e.-,1-..-- 1 --I t- 1, ',"''.1' • ...4
11-• _•- ,....,,,,a ..1 3. RP!' r 4,.." '. .;1.,... OM
••, - .. :;Li-•-..=. ,.. . . .
• ,,,,,„:„.-,...,... i.. .. -.....n 11.r.b...,..t.,4., 1.. ..WP-'''''''..-41. '..:2;tir,.....in,k...._,,,, 4. • ,;11v.-
•. L 4 - ,
C' l• •1-tv''''' . ' '• t i.. 81:9 ...,..-...40.45111.r- ;■.rmr&-1171= - „.4,, ,
■ •-.... 1*, ..4 L --F,4..•....:.1? . . . •. -•.
•'1.1,,, •' • ,
• -• - • - ,.•
---1 - ,,...;,.1.--,-4,
., '.--,:.-r.-7-1-•:;,.. 4 , ":.' ' ' ti .' ..'''' r ''-.••• • ' ' • ' •••,. ...;:„
, •7,.: .'A.•• .+';Ad. •. '.1'i0,..=414 ' • r .1. . • .....-
„ rt.7..
i. •.,..,--,-• . .. ......r„i!,,,,,,!Ir',,,,,• •`6st..-;-.-14.4..•"=•.,-1 __„. ..:Mti--7,,,,, , I ' 'al 'f• ••••,•-••••,,...., .7^.
:::..„. iii4,44,E4.- -41,..zi-...----Fa eat. t,d'- * .Tr' .•-1,49:4;• 'i• • ■• •'- I .4,... ...\-r-f--
. 1 _, ..•.v....if- --;:T., ,-",,,,,-.-17.--r .....':r,..„. ..--....„, . g '''''''•il- 1,.2.,:.---,..... ,4ysz I• . .''''• :t4 1,m,„ „;,-;,...•-,,
•
I•
•-''.,,,-,.,- ii . ,.';'•• . t '..,..,..1.. .,- .ut i,3- 1,.1.•,,,,, ..., f.,. . r., 1, ,or,,-ItI.1;I ,
. 1 .. ' -''. . d''..!•••4`.-::•:".•''''•. ;',"'' ''..--•.:.,•"'"-''' '''1,-; '' r,--7-7., ---r•I" fr'',%;..,4,0.60,-•',1 t .-- atiSiV-e.,;-■-.--,,,,,,ZI I!
'' -,:' `'4.1"'.•
-•iii_'...iP"-i'l,,,,l''' .. . ...,..4,.c,n.— 6 -4. •.3:.Nr.:. t..,..---, -•51 1 0 ''"i! 41-1,
71,--:... rr.In.,„:,,_ Z,'. „.... I -.'411, '.'1'14„,.-•,.L., xl• :: „I .,.-4,..,. 5., ,"" . .,,,,,-..,., , :. ,
, ..4•11'';,I,v''.•0-,,F.T-iii .,, ,,--,4..1...:,,..1.7.7.: ''........%••••••••••=1 r '..$.:.,_ ./.,,,trii
1 : •t 1...vi,•- . • - •...v..-4,,,r,trf 1"Tit'';';• „..... ••■a; .,, •" r
3 ,. .., . ...,-,••in .y ...4,..• if irt,1.14,.t..,645,„pc;-b.
••r.: : el'levrki '.7, :=,.. . I
I
,i,,, -1-423t.P1 , • •
,,l,.,,,_„:..t.- • ..._4.'":-• .,._•-;t4--.4, ...:...i
ii; 1,...,.....____J.
M . ,--.,..:„..41- .. . . ,. ,..,,
• ',- i.;.::-.„-, :1-,...Fir.'1--. !.:-... ililit.....r.i,lciii::. .....:, 41 , . .. - '.4-.
. .
1 .....t 4,-, ..r:'.:•,...-; - • i.,Iii,••
ill
, - , • ..-4'.!r? li, 1 '' •• •.. .,''4'. 7--• :' -.7.4•..i.i ''''4"^• ::-', r : Fr', ,,,,, ,
• . ''`E'VL--''aii,'
Po y_. ' ...:. ... ..,,-e•- ., E..a...im,,. ,,F, ''''...."' -• '•- ,‘,. . •■11,• •r,.....e.-.., i• • V ,..' -..'41",'''
411 '-2 • -1,-. Ji--.- .
• .1,-5•=;,.. .,, 7 1. .p. :: . t... . .-f!,...: •t-,i.,k....ri ., ,„ ..
11.,• .. . . ,1. ,,,
;AL:374.9.14„,• i• yf.e.111.e.L., dr„its
I 1 1 '..:! : '' '1 -A - fl, .44....., , ,.' .•
.....; V. ---741;,,A,k; ':o...7. 1„,,',41-g. ,,L'cf" 7',..;_,4`. .4,7. OtI $ ,• i'
'It'', . .sI, ,... 1 4I,, 1,
1 4
...,,,,,
I
I e....,1 1 ••,..-,1, •.-- • r, • ....,=!.
;‘,-,.....r ,
•• v. „,•,... h.„..1.,. . . ..,g& .5% 1.-'..12'• •44,1
.+ ---. . . tt,.....6..,.. - ....g...,. g.4'
11 ' ".'74"',.';'‘-5.64• i ••Uri I • . .1. Jeiq - .-g_.• - --Ttil• r
-6-
' 144. • J I 1.
"... e•E, 16-ii "*. I F 0 1,......_;-,,, ..44, ri•,..,- • tEtt,,.........
• ,,, .:.. ..., , •..,
• ,r.,. i ."•• 1.14.--•
. •. .I.1 .4111;... •VI,.,„.„,. ..e,l'i • ',Lc... '.. ..'.i ,.,...,n,-,
-,4,,,, 1 .„.f n... ,,±,- r..,11,c 6? :,..!.1 kt,
'..* ''''. f., ..4"1,. •. •:17,11.' •...'1...."',:'1/4 . . .....0,10 '4.., ....k. .1.;:r.i. t'...t 27 17, ,i&-mrric ,
'11'SI.•- • 4, 't„ . NI k-la• 1,*
. ...It, q.: „,...„.i- ..A.,,. .... .1 .'4.4r. I'. •• -,',.!"..0" ..---_?. " ' ------1
• • _ .......,--- . ,or. ..,..
• ' .7--.1 r•I'.'..:?.. ,i1 I
. •, i: ...===— in....,...I......2.....te7, --f.,.. „....1=1...,:al._ ,... ..•
, .--- ii-r4-•
1 =i E.,- ....'W•1,1C+11'..40 TB 41 e,.. .. .....,_...,:, . 0 if.- -. .... .. ... ... . ,-.. • - .;,,,,,F.4.I
.,. • i.•
1
. . ,
. •.• •• -. 4.
— ‘e ...is, :I
} :At 0• ' :
---,- --.. - . ''..7• .,.... :."2•.L.4... I.
.1A_Iinencial _in_J. ,
1 114X11..!I=1.:MIV 1 PrbposedcZonirig • 1a
.;;-- 1:17'--.piet•-••••' ' '--9-•-, tiiiielareid-ri-dats AMA IERF1914•
. :11E0i Itil. i.i*nEt. . .._. . 1
1 . Ini,45i:4: , i...t.14•• . 1.::...,'',
111:16anil— d
'-'IFT '', aiiiiii---- ..- • ,I,
• ip.
.._.......—,...
..•
':,,•,..14.1,.."_: ._ • .:; .
..._.... • . .
..1.74.- :. 5 1 ", - ' ,'
'Fl-'-'•- Thrlitj=2 r - -.I ' -
'1.4‘'4'r'fgl% fitilltlitl . ,.. 1.. .-.gi
t.,,,,., ... ..... N
..._,......_ .. . ... ....-, • -- .- . .
..:. . ... . . .
MEW :".-. • .• :7-•:.7.-fr Mittl ,WILOglif
' .•"K RigH‘.....•-. ....-..,..
•.. "..74,. az • .. ,LI
1 ..
.. ,,.. ,
-.... ..1,347...-4•0*--,..,..1„.
•••- i •„...,. •,,iitup tiff• ..; •
... -— .:,741.4-tip•_.' • •litEr,..a....4.11.0-17;*-, -•--=..--
FirM iffted:gi4P:Atdi-Amg law -6i1.E. e.-.LifitrA,
,... ..:- w.1.0Asidig.a.-4. ... •-:-.:-:...-r: ,...•
alskic)W1'
itiMP.A.&76'. .tg,-..z•••••-•P:„._•-■- - :-.--: * •
■
il
•
i . 1.#1. i.:10411.044,0"-41InIgl.11.Kft ' ii,s.. .".'..P.-=-,-14,--..-,....,.. ....,...... .• . --..,.._. ,
.... . _. .4-11'.'7.4w.,:... Er.I.--•-*-,- --m;17-er•-mm,i,-,71,.
. : L -t4r:401-0 : ' •
I .
, . .
•
.r r. 4 I... .tr.- r-w.--.!r•- •-,.,-w;e:r..*Ia....-..4...... ... .,.
tts.g.:-..-.-3 gm
•
•
48
•
,.--.6._
f � t
! t''"' +„ � "� r t ' b�fS •rr
•
tt. ,-fir V P � Tt- r k t ' &� � c, r •F.- i- � . „ . 5,",.y :J�
� ( { !
i fr:E a : c.'WO d ^• + c "_ 1 •
tr _' x ..
ri C E
-r. �. '. ''..---7, -. '•-1 4'....:.4''''.:•'W;' h L4" ty �'61M.711'-4 fi ' co: _ .• i
( �sa l.[•Y 0 1 � ,.... r A I ••i ..ice` ,4.1.- _-i,.. ,. y ,. a.• •.74
•% RE) � :• a}- ;�:w' ass L ...-..
)'" ie t �- Y •aav�tf � �.. .� p`,; I?3, -�Mrn�.. `..S3y1 N 4-',,,lb
_... ...„...; ....:-zr---.„........ ..L. .w...-7 ,.---a .T.1,0,-04-1!..-,-tom,,,,-,-.7-a - '°' �i rs ,1'Y ,mss 3 ',A "'t_Its •' �c tcr^'_-0- ,l J _ .'C.:r�;n
�� sti 1'i ''m' f r �7 "- ) 1
4,-,0-., C.tT 9j .4� {' �&Y `5'aa ,vim hr �`,�j ,4L" '7k, �i
r,r� ai � LN ,� r_ensi'�,, Aga, `.
'S 9 7. !!!-.. ..-A Y-
ci•�1 J'' r=A'$r•Ct r4r+,d•1- T r':.. ((
k
4
I
I':
'I
'
.� �• 'x. � nH
u d.J r I; m o e i 1I _O��� g�.,Y • r _ pp r gy Ij ��I " �m 9 :� ne � I•a ,r, 2. � �R 9 ggq- ma- r} I6 .E
i 171 t `~`* 'I .,!` ' ) .' •r ,I
�T�wu•�ms •t I c I �:��r�t �C r- ' �
i� , ' Q�' J p y -
t t__it `•� E'{'r i'' 1���+!`.,...,a.! t
=
i i •rt i:1 I. I " ••
_.. _ •�_
1
•
. ,
. •
. 49
,
---- ._ ..-...,,....--..-.:,,,,,,t-7,..,...:;•.-,..1---kiiiimm....-&-i---ms.. .: . .. .-_Awv.-.-.. Ir., ,144.:`,,;,•.:
------Tairminprignici-IffmgaRy;[•„._-7-„. :.,.•._:.,4-.• ..-1....,.r.„.. .:-, ,,..., ....„..•.....-:.., •---•••-•.:,,,,k.;,..i•7•.:•;i::,..,.
•.,it-t-.."..y"I- ...,,t.k.,..,
.
- - - • •• - --,x- • - .Fr-1/4 .-- ,..--...'ing.,'-",mmr.74_:.,... :;‘,.,..W1-...,,Q.:,.•!....1.,,,
._._ •.. :''',•"151M....
.-.:1.1-1, ..7i.,,•.:,4' .••; i..;*':' '.,•,,,,i -14*, '..-''?. W4'. f. tia• A''''. rz4i..--.V.'..,..t.to.t'R-2‘-,,,.• ...in, -• -6., - .',- - ''.,'.'iri.,f.. 1.-24-,-. • '
•'' •-•":"L,**44.. ,' e6v!.I. ......4.-"I:f,; A ' •-•""•'11... -•••••C.1•"'...1.-.,..•: .6 4.- -,t. ..A ar:,'is,,,..,t.,,',,4,.,:;4-gs'-,-_r',.....;;Mit.,-..?,,-•'fi 1,......v.,
....,-,;::• .- •:t...,,-.:„.....;-piiig-,,,,,,. --,,4 1.9,,,,.44...r.r ..4.t.t;.:.;:ti..-q.,,,iii-i'ku. ,,IF„,,-,..,....,1,....*v, .--• . „....:..,....:E/23,,,F.-45,e,„_,EL:-.,.::--,414:,.,-7g.., ;I.:E,9,.t...,i ..F.2,3,.j,..4;
,r„;„.,......_.: . ,..„,,,,ix.„,a,-,,,,- al,"&"ij .-V.V.4.,--CP.,-,..,.0.rai."-* -a% 1 • "' y•ill
.- .7....7,'.P tyikoe ;1. . "*:•.-r;,• jexa.--..7.- •;.•';:5 E .-.'..ti-J.,..L.P.-:-.....k...W.*;....,..:. ,,i,..,
••-• --..4.1 •'••. .r."`'"firgr-, N••••1" .P..1-;•-''` 4'7•••' - ' =e'..V.;:';'P.; ,,rri,',.:-s•Al.••47`g•r•''Ar..- F_•,j-_,4 t,,..--td....,..! ,.-- '11",T4i .:''' 7.7-13.[a.t 1-1..]:-.;,:i..V.k.'_:•.::
•.ie..*',,1.. ...iir -•••``74..•-•'...1. .. 14-'t_..,.. '•• . .."' .", , .. :---:.s;......!:t'..*":-'7•"••••... 4 VT,„..f.ey„,,sr '-i'0421a-,4-I. ,.' „e-• '.:t4'hij,'LV iti,;;..1.-. '-'',...-'..,•CL.'.`.-.41.:ii 1
1
i 1---..:1 " piii. '':.......4-V.-.".•E.. '. 1,-.1'45) S.-;'1 k-••• V,',.."... ' "t ,4,..V,.: '•1 '"r-'", ' '
'"l''s'' .LI '''''.**IL-:I. ' :' 171 ' l'..! 'L "::-L--,C1f, : -..:7-r'4`...c...:414:i.'„..,--f-1 -.._..6.'144i;;:'-'70..4:..*W-...,..si.:,..:::#•.-.,J.A.-7"-:.:'../Fr'.4.4.vft,. .;:qt'i
1
--lit. IT.,,,,$•;..-....L.,PE . •••,,, :, k-5.04. 1 , Jar,.-..-..:•%,-.. F,,..„ 4. v:, N......t,... --. 44-...,,....„..-:-4:1.7'4: ,,,...-...•-;.j...F••.:.
.,•I'•. 4. •k••• V -.'s •
T •ir4,,,.....• .., ,v 1:•:,:#. 6:1 P r B I..., ..7,4'.-, , -,„...P.eid10 ia •"'...:t..g.'; Altri..• ...a'cP.. •• -..M1.-?ti- ';:?•''' P-.--•'"'"'r•-
•.f.'''...*: , .'re J. r.....1=.. t 1 .,•=.•,•, ,...a t ,.. :. •• • '...-.L,,.,:•-ki, ..•0. -- .-: .•<....IQ.."-- ---.V.,„,..- -P.-- • r. .; ..i .,..,„...41::,, .6-ta..,..'=„,,,,i'
.:.L.rx i i. .. -. .,,-,- ., 1 4.1it I ...!'r ,.t 1--.,..*...-,1"1::f.40"."7-'"?..'"taa,fr II '41 r0..":4•NIV.'"•• t...'''''''''''•,'*.r.4:41'
... i ■ 4 . 1."..1ii.1,,i, •rt ■a .r r i.;. • ,r ......•4.,_......t.• 'g-4.,.;,'''''"*!'.•1.'"•.....-11 . T-r,r-1.. n`"”a's,", . ''y -rb....-6L;;:. ". ;',-- ':-•,...,4.' .
: f.1, p t -t-ro,p:. ;----.0•!.,,V:,,b9,, '.7 .,,■, f...N',.,},t,ire, .„..A4-4..i.,„,..1.;.;-.}.„.., ,kr‘i,Fik.... .
::,,=:, 1; ‘J „,,r,.. .,;,,:r•,,,t,3,-,t.,1 „_.•„: ,..,1 .i, ti.‘ ,.-.. ti,....:'g ..„.8,„,...‘•-,...::•,,,„, 11,- T.A..t..0.-;.,..i.:,‘:.„-.7,--,.., .• -•-„•..-•••• •g:,_x,-,41;19.,
;7=-7. ..,,, . , •roi _:. ..,..:. 1'4;4-.---'•';l• '•, i .y,;„,,.' ,, r, ..._.•-.. • 0.' " J. 1.,.'--. t. yg•40,6?„..-,,,!6.,-..„....Q.,,z.i.•3•-,•..,-.7.:
1i;•• ,•FP, ' •'..."'fi 4 .)•...,-..,. -,.- --: :•C n• • • .... ..: ..... .. .-F, ,,t,-,0± k .-4. L'irke' .-.-i.....,',,, '61;it,,..:.,v1,_7,1-fp.p.11,,,,S,,,,,.....•
1
it:4..4 r„ .........'..itt: qi• -,-, vie'.„A,.7-. -.,-,r: .,..'. .,q. !.11,:,,...;., 4--r ,,.. -., ..A.,•,,p:1-11/•,V,N,, Jekke.4,.-4.4P.,-tAl.%.=....44,-...- .•' ..".'.41,-.'41•:,=-16'.:1.-.'-i...,'
;1. ...;.,-,17,11 , ,j,,,•::;,,A• .1:1 lle:4,, ''. .,:.•,.. g L. .4 A -,,......„,..,T,-,-4.,--;:. -,,......4 ,,i1,t.1,Ktg..,,..4 ,....f,.,.,.„ ...,.44v.zip:;,.:,21.-,.•..d.-,:I:
:'---- ••,'-''`. 4,.,. ,,,,,,.., 1 ,..v.-4.,%•-a6,..2.4•,-,-,..-,,,,, ,.,*,, . ..,.... -. ...„.:.,. ... ...., .
'.4'.''"" ,,s,,,,,:,,J. 11 1 tq•C t t:119,-,g .t,F,s,; tit 1 ... :'....b...:•4. .i ii-s`...,'R'-'''.: . - . .... ' _ .. ...,. ...--; Igi. .;.1--wlrr-g_.....r.7:-..s.'.:ii..1:.:1PF-•
7._';.._ ... .,.„._ _.b,,e.....,.0,, ,...;....',,....9.,.74--:...--;Ty'r7--•'..1,070-•'.9-'•'..W:,--7.4.,-, RE.prinitTO,,...„,„,.e ,,,gt.-77,firli i l'111::-.4-'"-a •
.,..-,..-t Tr..-Jr-----1 -11'.-1 F., •. ••.• . i -isair . . .,,, ...d..,,,,,,,,,,,,..,,L. ..1.4, .--,... .1. 1 r:. 4.}T,, •.' ,,,,F0.•..-r.r.„.,r-L J.,:;-„....\,,q.:,...,., 11,..i.,fei, ..-
•-....,A,• iF.-.1,,,.., ii,; _.... -..: V.,g2-4-...1:'1. ..r4ty:..1.... -,gie„..-.=',11:4V:_-40.ft, ,•••*-7-71;..1 1:R,gggr,,, •1 : ..612`;41;;;46:4:(m.i_=4,,r.,4,!.-3,:•,.4;7'.',1,: ,,:.'%;,:r...;.:,,,.!•
1 -"' • : •', .: mv.r.1 r.3, g vt,r•-me:•-!,t77-L•r- 1.;• 1 f• =tem-7.-2,- A` '.. *,.7" .:1,..7 ,..'1 Ir.•.;.. 1..-,-,.m.,§.F. ,, ,,,. ..,Aagr,g4.4,2 ,„..... ,.,,,.. ...!
' .I i -4:74-u:ii.-...',.'. ‘'...4.:-.0-.7• t •:T g-,4";.,:'•;-t=1...v.-...s,'10-./ti...4,4*„I'rlm„,,I 1.. ,,,,,,,,_,IlfieVq,k4;;;•11r:'5'"':101:1;,,Fscli--t.,..•••i744•44.141-...
* •S'.171!•• i4r.::..2*:tta --: ' gr.:re' • ''',T, .1.'•.:qi,144!'.1-.1;1:7-:.. 1f21-;-.:litt7e,44t• "tr-mta,'7-,'r•.....1•tge9-11,01-1,4;tf,A41; -,.;,,,,,,,,,,e,..„1!,,i;,.st,h,vi
,,...- ...,,,...i.r.,,,,,,,,...,17.A. F"-ks.. . t...= ' 1_rift.'- ' .4. :0 1:7-.4".:r-n...4i ,..,.': ._ 1 v‘... •.,'4,,,;.;,,.v.11054t.,46.I,t-A,..47.1.:,:,..:,-.t...,4,-,:-4,4., •
V.,,,--.3,,, • ,,,,-----1---- .....'''' ,.,„.-." • rf-"4...4 .d t .s:, -,. -. •),-:-., •,e'. • •3:..-.1.-,.%-t„:'''r .vs:4R_, .G pt - ,..',':''.-te.,•-::: . .--r4‘..ch,-, 1
.1,1....,i 1 1,,,:.1,,..triU4 ..,1.,'..-..-.v.... i':,k-E'l!'• .14.Li.,..'.' . .. "''.:J,:-r..'-'. ..'-1;:ev,....74-wir..4-;,....„..:::g•'-2....-. ...,,a,:t:.••,ft,,,0:4,..
.r . ,•,;,,. , , ,,,..,„-„,Tyli,rf,•,.,,,,.11 • ., ,.. ,,..., .,,...,„ • Lt, , ..-ffl q,;,.,,,,:41„...,..,t,,,t-„*.,sg.,.,-,.,:. .,----- -- i....- -"...„=
. -I , ...,,,-,f --.• 04,,,,,,,.....,-,„,..,-„, .-. ,.•...„... ..
tii,. :'.q..L.....„„,e, •L•I'' ,I .1,,„ ,. ' :,,,. , it..! Ati. ,,......,ILati,.."0, 1,,,,,, 4,v- .ti.:f... e.13,1,1:g., .... ----if.0,Eg:-..-...vws- , .
.-••44..:. ,•--.." .: v 4 . -I . . -74'e.,,,„:„- : . 1,,yx, ,,,i-..., , Aims J t li ••'''''94 4=•' •r ''.0'1 -e IN•''''.k.V••• ''.'',••titCr'''J 4'''....:A-ijiE.t...V.*,
* ' 6 42 ,...=.-4 t* - ••• ',1•.41' .54. ' , .11 • • .. 1^ •■-.1:-.•,-....,1,7 '', '''..'•-.."•;'' r41: = -• t '1.,r, ''.' -.ig a''='• Zt==t-'1',--"t's1*• •• * rIt...tr---• %-• f-4--
1,ti. 1.1..iyr, ..q.li ,- • "."...••. s'1=' •.'s" :•'.s 1•'.4 4' „.1-.'"_4.,....,;-L-- ,, Al;t,,., •''-'4.fr• ...44.r_4_,r...,,..;,j eA.- - •f..4,?7?._dr:,q•.51A-z.p241.,--='...fvg,. '.k-. .1•Ag.
1 L''''-' 1 - '' ••" • ''1.1.*.O.PI,--r4-1': t:,,l'h.....`" •PW'''. 011LiP• '''''"4"4(t'''''.,9-.-.,' '-',,.g-,.,•-.4,..,.. .... ,.', - .At-1,1„,,--.-04-, i-7--,•.,44::-.•;,--,‘cri...V::'i.C-Nti:'•
./.. ._.a.,_?, ..,..,....-,..-1.7 ,...r.e..-,, 7 . .. •-• , ,,...n` ..h,Y .'i..4 11. 'i' ..!•Jr11,r.it - •or, . .,i *r-----,-.11:41......,
_ ..., g• • F,..LA,AA• -,,,•• "1,,, 'Er,...„,,, . ; ;...,,,.......":1.,.....4-.,..,..„1 j. WO• :., ,j1.1:, .:LE, . ....",;:, ---‘-- - '7,-;:0,-.---4.,i;..„,..•trizt• ..1:•'....!:-.74.,;41' .
..,,..i.,0 .„. . ..1..... 1.. 11 .:. 4,•,.01 ....• .1.4..,0-'1 :::.,,..j,:,.•••.,;:....:. 0•I r •.,:-.••••• ;.,.,,,,,.....r.,T,- 1-749,Efi,--$: „:1,5-.4..-0•05.1g: .•21-1.1,1.
LT '',•', 4 'Aft RI. '.* 1 i'•,;(.7.q=. 1 'g-c"; •..1,-''S -ir==:_f r''"„.;.„;," i:=7-14,:',..,:,:., *--• --ii,:;E•,, r'41,- ... ..4°"‘"-'4,14-.)1';':,c410-,';A.."5'kt1,1: •
'0 ,, ?..”, ,I, .,1;',;„;1111' •i -1 •r..0 ' j.,..?"' ..•n' r:..,..r.4.: ■ , 1 1{7-2e4 .A.-cr*Ally 1 Wg"r
1 :11,.,:.1' I.•4, 7,...!„.... . t. r'7..-% . 'e.,i4:51,(::,..,,,,,,,,,,;'.c':', ...'! :,";'-64.`,! .1•. -•:,_..- .• 1.71T-';,.....--II-V,...;(1-:%.‘r,;..c.'6,4,.......i.47*.b.,
-.,...-.i ti .J,,...„- ,,4. kr p.,.,,,.,...„.„,[4,,,• , c,..,r,„,...it,II:‘,. ., 4 -Er.„..‘ ,....*p....,..{,%,."...r... ,'. v gi'..,''Us.'s,-.5.4.4....q.eit.A.:1
rr.$.•17. p..„*.-.. 4.4 7.L';',,,„`•'• .4..PA ...: `,.--- !.- ....i,...-.'.'-...;•. .-.• ll'i..q4.1,"?-1+4.0:4v:liK13..*71
-'' - • •;.li .: • .r. f .4-Ira 1 g!...T1 "i:1.41.; --•'''''4.4..i °".. '. ..-+41=___,A ,,,lipzillg......ist4;:z4r--•,,, ,.... ■...,--- ..dft....F.!...•- :::;.•ir•-r..-7:.I
''. •
I,. ... '.01
IS. ••••••""1-1--•“1-''f.--12"---,--.'"--1,l': ••-•"•-'74"1""-•.•....'.'"•"•...•"":Q:••••• " Z_.4. •••7•__• .1 7••2.`.....,4;•••;::::•r:••:•.:••'1ECEIS:T•••:::•..'••''• ."',..i.79':'L .14frii•'cgq:ViittiP2.',..41. 1
: . •• .. .......• ..p4114, -. •.,..-1:1,------.5. -• •.:-.,....mmil-w-,t . E.-'7141F,11:1-H . s Sa•r.s.r. :1,7:4`,..rtifkr-.,Iii.: ,4'''''.,
ii",li ----•*--- "-''', .....--,...'•-•.:,'''.,...•,;,...,it.'IF '. '''.:'•.0,liatj,„44-6'44:•'.,.=, !'' :.
• ---
t...• i
•"••••'-i` •;•' .
• -.
.1 .
.: •
. . .
• i 9 tr/34 PM. -
StOkij .
11 ,
. .
9
:t.
I:
,•
t . •
1 ,
• 1
. _. . .. ,
Proposed ang. Atlas A ndlbum.i er..o:n t_I Ls
•• • ..
. ...1„:.- .. r.'..• '',.,.....,,,-• :i '
.. . , .
,,,..
ll ,:,'',"`.....* !.._. ..:7::,,_,.._:.....1
141 ,ffil ri L
k
4.:":41:!'
,IF:
1. n
Limpilri. 1
...m....... ..• ..
„.M00.0ellfkictigh• A 1.61.-k. t.... .-...:=----,.............: _
I
i-2' • 1.•1 ,...-..,--,..,„•. -
A.4 p '"••; I •. ,i
-... ici_IT.F4-4_,:alft ;., ---,:e _ 1 •. ... - . .
itts2dzal.._A-reaRt. , F-7.-= i .
J Ai •1 •0 6.., . • ;7,1....,.j.-•j .. • r
; 1 • IV.. '. 1. .e" t.l. ."------W-"," ilia;'''-'-riM td 4att-F 'iiiiii lifit .;;.-Secr-4.-Vr:.-011X-Ii
_ E-
t:_
* . ASTAI.12W.4,• . •
V7T7- '` - .• nil' i#U. airs" Irri.:!.-7-4-7=4.- 1
-....14-POLoa g.sK4A,-,--R_-.,....„ .:- - • .
_._. • . , ...... ,., - --0,.......-p........ii,u,-,a.-•••:•„-, .-
I l
,..iLt.r „,.....-:-!--,..i.i... • .i. .gd,#,IMAIWW.I.F1r.:.4-111..... -.5,
i I.1 ;., , . 4_,,,_.Frpt.,.."- -:-.„.'-'416-7•C.,:...-_-•,:,,...-,-...,-.r-o-,.7=i1F-,..,,,,...,.........1
• Il" .: 1,..•: -• ••4.
. ____
-•
.
, •
• .
I 1
, .
•
50
javai .,I I!t-=',.. • 5$ iiir'lk:•I
■• , . ..... ::::,....,-; -.:-, A--7..,.9.,,,,..3::::,z,,,4;1:.,erl;7.5.trs._ ...7.11,:v;1,,...;e...,,,,..,,.1:1:74...,
-7" E,. Nr,.....,:a. FV4iiik..-- siglillaillreFSIM,1 g.,,i • • -:, ,._it-i-il ..,"!. ..-
■ . 1:.."Ii, '.."--:' ,74,---------.6wri
.A",=-2. : -4. - `-'`' .---
r .
sit- . itr,:...s..:,.,...„.:''cu ii...A.,4,,,..9..4.....i. .. , _ ,. L tr,..,...
., r.::
r,,,f, -If-.----•— ,.14,,,,,,,,t.,,: .-ei,....t.,67-.--„,, i.- z."- „,r .--,
,,. ,•:
— • „,p......:.
„1 1 -k.,:k. . ffti.t.4-,,,t.,th-r-T-g,',.,.- :-..i .
4.11-R...-7- ,,,,-':- 47 - :3 ''. ,.. rv''',;0.-5,-,,,..:?,,.• ..4-71' tc... ';',:l :4,:4.- E.."!:.:,:2;,,,.;.,:: ',--..iii. ■Fr...0:71-r. -
i'''Ii="'" a .• J• 2—•••• 1 it•••i 494.-....---• ':';. : It:.
,_ -F... -4• ---, •-e"-:.:Tr-111.-.1 ',t;'. r .k4 : ...? cyst,-. *,.`4•=1, T,, ... .---1--alz 14477: A. --1 r."• ...‘"
.. '•4''' ..m.i" ' 1P.,10 • ,L.,:'.`..4. voc . ..,,4.-1 '`-' .---. -., -.-....t--:"-.."....— ,,,, .,. t...., , ... .
.7,,..1
" .. 1.,.,•...,,,,, ...-...4, ...„,,. i ,e..„..t , . , .,..,, _ , .., -- __ ,, ,,,,:i" • 1 j i 1 ;••4. ---
t I" ' -17'1",•Et'' ,Aili.';.1. .: r;• r rio ' C.,,,...,...4"—r-k,2"--: ''i-."."f;.*1'.'3.-•-•--4-7. trillitY g.,..„I. 6144,1-
• ,..---%----Ligt, - . -..f,tti _-• :I: „. ,,. .,,14.1•34.,,, ..-- ...,
m14-.....=1-r:74 ris : i ,P.::: ..,.-4....-1. •. •`,-:',-V
I.. 1- --- '-'1 1 .- .f.....,
$
.•!..''L7F,14.,-Prf., .i.ga
.. '::.....R-...,V1 ''' 4• i *---.:---t-•!--t4-N; A •r*.k, . ....:„.. „,..ti;:k -..,•:. ,.....-c-L'., 1—__..„.i :. ;•..t.
, 1 . •---..
,,. ' 'Thi"*-0-J.-t:.•:
J- - - ;y •kg„. ..:;;,-,.. TAV.- " it.t.,:- :....:..- ,_..- 1. ..1 .4 ,..•- • , Llil.,- ., '•45- 7.g..q
, F•t*-4+• -. :., : * m,,... ' . ' ' ' .• . -• -4,....t- a - ••11 :' ,-.'',-,
. ---4.7TE,„- ..•.-:.: —r..,..1 ...1 ____ L,14.11 .t..13' 1:, .01
Ti" l '.. ' -'`: ' • .4 .L 1,:,'TAL0.,&.,-4.--_,4,,:: - •-•1-„:4i-i5t,'•,•:k. I.A.4 i:4114-.AL.:1- .- ''-:- -....,1
,• ..:•• F•1 -,,,.. ., • .••• , ..., . . ,, iiiitari,.._:_t: ••- .,..,0,,,.. --e-ag4: iiirms, 1 :„,..„0,,,z,..1
. :. •.. •„. .1.,... ,_... . ” „,•,,,::,:, ..,),_. ,_..,..- 77-r._,„-... .,:;.1. *..,-4. •,,,,r-, . . •_.,..._ti.t-1.
...Mt , . !..1 co.‘.-4*.• •....,:44a 11.4.A'a• 61-L. 4 ,,--t •-a---.,::,.... ..7,-,•04,;
. • , --- .... kr1 _ ,
. — • 1..i.-,e.. ..1 '...11' L,_ :.0' '•,'kie,. ' 4'1,,, I
'•-..- '• , al...4, -.W., . 1 •f., 1
'm Wr"i‘ ''. 4 ''..-6 .;e:,....••■••••;;......4...:4 • ; "•,- ;
4,4„,_tift.-4,•*.K.,.''',1.0". I • ••••..a.' • • ILI- t, A ii. ,..A ....io• 1,„iontri,:: ..,,., 1,1
-.., --.- .
t -,-,.:..,,i,i;., ,i •tS. „,,,,,,„,,f`5,,,...4... 3 .,I
, .
....,1 F-• I. 1 7 .. ' '' ''''''MA. ;,,.,,,.-FV, •••'' .1. ,.
c...,..;. . ..... I•k;, rtc ri 1, .,.
,,.it — - _,,,?. ,,• Th-4,1 ...---_,._:1 Li t.. -• ..,:' -
.::A?1 I• ,„14„„,• ,,,IL,,,, !g I I: •,,„
rfri.1;LP. ' " - '1"ik`, ,*,-1;#',.nv.v.4^,T..,...p • .4..‘
..;•.
't 1. . f......4V,.L4.411+.4+.51.,,y.A.1*.' .,y ,
1 ,1,1Q0.dietr..,,,,..c...p / ri,• ,i
1 •..-11. -:--.- -q••• . ;•,,,,, ,'.• ,:-..,....!v r , 1.-.. t....,:.:.: 1_, ..., . I..7.iiit. •-,_,..-tt,4.,17.1,i..r.:-.-0-F-tr, -,-,1,
r_.t.,...,. ,„,:,....,...i. 1. r r '' - .r.-61'7" l''' : . I.! -.1i;,•4*,,I. 1 1,.,1,,.$ '
......z.:-• al 'Ail' , -r, 6.„..j, .-1,, 4..„,•,...,...., ,..... • , , . .„,....,,,, , ,, .,
• • • ,- -
,...,. 1.•A •-..:Ft„..p.4 . .,_,• .7,----r i.., ..,,,,,,i.•. ; 14-715.rer-: P•-:--Lr'f'.'1
-....,-
_ . •-1. :
. .1 .„4
.1, . . .. ,„:,.,,.........,,,=..„,40„,r .n-• , •"--f•
le.
---'--- r, 'veqqt ........:7:,•,•,
I
,■•
•...0 ..'"'"'A'''''''''';''AA.tx,ex,!,.. ....,,I,—.:„ '1 r."',',,P,'N
.. :
0 * • sj
...... '... '"....': ......'"1 '.,,',..... .
■ 1. i'P . I.
• r..5altiti• :- • A, -
• : • .
. .
•
, . .
1 ,
i
•
, .
• ,
, . .
..
p ._ ' r . -,AtiOs Arfiendronts,.
roposed ,...o119..„,.. .. ... _,..: , ,......__ ... , ..., .
. .
. .,. . 1 i
, • -
,.,., ,,„....., .. .
1671. .Xr '1, 1 tritilfriti tliillaVrtatfiet-SOOdid Ffdad...tia.g4Nditt4211)0,..tiliAli . .
..p....*1.,T.=., ,z-•:..•.-„ i . .
r.-....$
iiter===distil-. _ 1
.111
IL:- . .: •
•
i--1-7,1..----- r44t-wwfi A m, • .01 1
• ft.:1:4[-ri--4.41i.w....*.-.:_::' ..L.: ,-. !... .:
tor-':rg . .tiit2-!--...w•,-ic---..4
.:.,1"............1.:: •.:: .,„t.... i
1 tivit. .. . .._.r,.... .:_
_
• - .-3.
4
, . ..
.. . ..._ .... , - • , •-- li______Erk-,- -kork :
' • Afik.. igAilf4iii . : __,....-1—
• -- • glig.tr__6-4• ' .
ittvaite 4irE!wgrazi,lic*A -= ,_4.414.frert.41.
0.-:.476%..0.pV.T.MP.t.4.1114;.tiqrp.,
•
-1 1
vae:f.Mfileitc9:11 ^AilaV).41'02:Eat : I
'6"ilg. ...Irli:-`: 4.4•-•'''''!'".4"4":tin.t=i6V1",,Iitt. 1
{,-tl•M:1_;.A.,1-....,,..7.14- 5. i
4 •
I '
, .
•
51
---- :
11.44 2 - .--..,-• • p4.:.., • ,,,, •• .1:.1. -:. ..,, ..• -...-----,.
-- ..--,--.! , 4i4si..„--17.••: : q , ..4.11---,Il.•‘.„2-1,,,-....:-TE,. .! _ ,_ .=t r',
AI;•,• . - - - I•ff,..". .2.0:0. .7':,:*"4":. :'s : -... ' '''. ''''7"411ri''
*...-. '- ;■.1,b :..-!..- ..r.':...T.i.... .. k. .. 1
.., ,
..4.5.:7 ''-' 1.3.7•i ;t'_1 c-:t•Lt .71.: •' ; ''''1,;:. ‘ 'i. • .1;!'?-. Pah,::-'-...,-:17..igi,;;;, ..',....117,i.,'1: ,.':
. •'.1.1.,. -,,,1 i..f E.'? • ••* • Li 4! 1.:,:i •• 't..t.!- - ...4..c.e-,.,i,. ; , . .... :-:,, ... .,;..,,r•. - r.,... . ,
I .,...,,.:.,. ... ....,. .. . 't. 1.0,.., ,, • +-• cfs,-.„;r• . - t 1
- . P'.4 t to:-g LL. ...vt,i•v_.1„..,,t.-._.16..1.,,,., • .. I
.. .. ........, . ...,, .,•,.„,, „..... .i....,fiyi•--.. . •. .._ ,
. ..,....,., ...: A.4 I.; . _ r• 1
•
i .;,. : ,._-.7.- - '.-. ... .;:••'''. i
I •"....-•.-..-- ; • _'.. 'It"'`,- . . n . . i. . ..1 .._• .. ":.* r,:i ir.,
ifffil it. , , ,..• -' '' I • ..,..,,V5 ,
q.: . ,• -: . -• „:,te. .. .:77 :yt:,,,. .
. ,i.,.... •7 .._
... ,
...:.-.::,......4 . ,..F__. ,,24
7-", --, .= !:U.4:.:9• ,;;---,... , ',.... -.1"!. PI:h I .
1-'r. "'. .••• -.ri.,-YF 4J •-• rl'sP.If5 1 - ....."• i'.. J 'r. -ip...1i. • -:.
. .- 'ilk. r••• ,-:•. --. • . ;
•.-... . rm.., --,-.•-•.-. . ..4.41uLv.,1 ,,...r.,,,i. --P3 •7- 11' --'.•
i cn-.......0 .....&.1.1;6,1171*-7.;• w,-6",. 1' •‘•** " 5'1 ••"•4•*x"""''''-'''"a'''':4 ••'7. '• • ,4
.....,, .i.7.,.....:9, .. !VIF, •.J.• ';- ----Z ..+0:..E1* e's - ,..,,:„TA fc.- tr"'"'5•"``.
L.2,04. k f.#. 6 „: .”''• .....14r• q, ,.^,i:it.t.t -
.. .. kt, . 6 . ;. •.T ',at ° .• 14-r t":;446.•gf
.' *•-. •7.1* l•
. ..;?r,Z,..3*. i.':;-:'''' • sq.f:0, I•; . .' • P.•.i;:f :F. tr- ' rk,,,•. '''' 1.---- '"•-'4,
•;•Im';"'*-14`'.1'4F i I:TI• ti- fq. 14--.--tagiiii-r tail,-- Eki; .. 7.,u; ,- .f.',, • . 1 .
,." •..,'-' ' ' -r.....1..
1,- ---;.--- ---:- . - , ..r_. .. ii=1„,ttc,„w.: r .,..t.,.e...,.• ....,. . ...,,,,,
r-''''',.. %. . ...,,.4 rgat=r-rsv-A*I.E0371-- 4...,i ...,,:-..„ .ia.-,. .y.44,..,...
,.• , -3,.• ::- A„,---m.:,..,--,-•,-,,,,„f .% : - -.7,7ww.hv.--7,-- ,..- .„- , -• -•-:--....
-•-qat • .--i, ;- -..- •, .....‘...
004,.. k,..,.........,,,gip- Fp.,i. 077w..,...,,,%my • !-..:.., „ .•.•irot.i•-•irgt, ,....,'2-,..„..,,,,,• 4.,..,1,..,.. , ,p,,,•:._.4.„•-;.••ii...;::::•:,,,g.,.....
i
i...-' . ..22• 14 ...; ..... .
'rru,..,";,•;-,..'7.- e .....;,,1rz.... h'sr., • ,,,.....-•u.I -,lu-- -' "..411,-. ku r... ..„;...„ .. ..„.:, _ . *.i... . ,,,,,.....,_,..„.„,,,,,,,.::::::.,.:::::::,,..::...
. ,,nc...c, Elt- -----.-.:-' .- - F 4:76.11 '11:41.111•'' e'.• - •---I - • . 1.-'IN-
'-•-•;.avr...,---;-•.......s-nu,../i.:7-:.:„.. ...-,-1, , , -t... . ... cit, .... „. ....,..,, ..., . .": _
I4• ''. *.•:..`.-■ ''''• :-, '''''41''...4.-• :-.41-44I.3_i.' • -'" .-.-*.''1.4.. $ ,e'l jil• ..:- ..... ._..,,'•••••.' "LEZ -E.......-,1::,114::-.'.-O.
ta.T .i,...c....r.:-IA-','--",,,F.:7,...2,4, &i.,. ..--,:a - 7N,-te,....:,'.1..'P„en° E '1 g•-.t-tz...1,,,.47---.,.. .. .--
-..--.....:.„..,E,.(..it. ,0,-. .,te/.4. ,q ..kos-:-'''-••t-IL'',.t B__.inf,,T-1-4-17§,-.'164: .,..;,..._ . .
Tv...14,g.,.1...,,.. ,-...,,t,....2q •.. ,.-. a'- .. .,--- • ..4- ', .,--.0.V -
AM,=-.., .-. .')•-k-r•514 t.- •• ,,, ,--- =, ..L - •'.F3,11,g7- -,*
-0,,le„, -..-- '-..4.--,-77.. .-,:----...--7- ••• '7.-031,-,..T." ' 'I, 0 4.,..., _.f.,'--r.:.-:-..-v;: • ..F.:.,-■it,.... !!'t VW,.i.,. -..t
''.1"" ' ..1. .1,...7.4 -z--•4:C-•A.*, WW1 01,,t3,I,'..IWgrot_.- ,,..,4,,r,44.4.,..i.;• ; , 9 1 11..6-....-.,;:>4.14. -.1-: Linatet! •
...m.;•. ,,, irriAH w.v..:- .-.---',7..'-'1..,q.'1,,...--"-'-'11,,. •.:13 •.t..-14".V*. I,•-k1;',..,1- ..=•:-`rett&-k-,3 7:-..
- • • -- .:- • r4 V.,I, • -,4, . -30, 3it••z..r.zz ' •••%-- •3:t. • ••0 "...; ....IA- •.-- 0 ,0■°•-,.. . •.,... •,.,. .
•;;;:'Ti.n, •I- *'• ,i, :°,4f-,1 ••••-, .... tur,. *-*.,. ••• •,-,.'r, *0 f, . -4-4 •.:-..i*•'" I
;-8s. - e *.T,le • . rrik•„•.! ,,.,.. ..,.. :::•,11 t--- ar,"irtii kill.c.. .,1. -.1 .ilir.,1-..II.V,4,;e4f6, „' . •.. ,..
T•Tr,.' ,I,. '. zb.'' ': :4:' . '.1.,-•....li-'444":,Ta..',.Wft:-...;.. I.:. ''.
3„
,... „.....„........, „. ,,.. .001%?,vp.c..;07:41.I'',,6a,• -Lt.t....',111 .' - i.2,,rF.,.. '!ftk.:4;...::*-::V .,'
..,.;.-0:--1
,3,11-•,-..-. 4 '''1 ii,a,k. :J-,-- .0: ='..LY i Tr'''. ,.. -..- ,,fiN:.4 'I.:,-k.,v.P',:-.i-V--. s,.1... -.••
*C"" '-..i`!"-4 ' '1. . 7.4,11.ti! W--,:it jr& !!-,!..".--1-! •!..- ..-10. •..! tilli!.:!1*4-,..t. ',or'',11'."., : ' • I
,•'-.00#1-11',„ ,, ...1.....itt;Ti'itiaiki,!.64,;..i...40..1-•--t 11, tr,:tial, ..,,.c.... •-.; 7...:*:.1.,". ;-:ti,V.::, - -17.111• ;;;;,_
. : l
.`;15* '•e-" .4,... 1 0 !Ita::-1 -5•4.11r4••..; .0.0 At,-I •R*.• ; i7.5gEN:-M.0,4.u...,•.
.,
•--c',:t7,a' 7•7'"41''';4°••••EI'-•ggr'''''''. R1' °•:;*`•II"-Pr 4* ia,. .1,Ly.; •'''•Fr-•-•".^.4g ",V44,1.01 j; .4. • .
,L,wp......-.-,........,,.s..n.a....147..:A.f, -f--..--.,:.,‘ ,-. ir A. ...n;j•-•' ' i.. 1-1:=•M--'.,-41M-FaA.;‘, i-' 'rj;"-.....' t
'''-‘41-:' ''it4. gig'[ 4't•4%10' 7•••,u4-J. a. ; 4.l'.',E,..0:•41.•-.,..,-..;:-..4."•1!1.-1,--4: W.
--;,.. .:.,•i.k.v.. . -7-, ,,,-4--4c-p• -•-.1!- .. t
,.--.4so.4.-.i: ,---- i .,, -761•'.7 A..4%-,.._. 77:• :-..•. a lik -_ ri..,4- '. 't:
. ,
. ,
WItlt0'..:1',..gr..-. .. ..?4 k• .. ;-‘7.•7445.. . '-',4Q1-71, z.::
..,,..., .
• . ' ,
tr• -A, .,,! ' - ', .i.,-,., .8.%.:1,-I.;. .:..14%; 1 57- . . 4 -, , -'.i.1**RWRitil--: . • i
6..1.'.-,........._:.-..1.....'A..1.;.. ...-2.11, ky,co ,faiiror .-tri.i. .6 V&ii r.-- •lifil§d
Tc
.., . -.- ,... ..: ,.:., ...air- - . ,4:,:: ,,..,m,,_, .. , -yr---- '
Iciriff.. '4••• :l' •'-'1 ,• `W.% !,4":4..6'... ,
AF ,-....._.•• . _p1........ ..gia - -•_,,,.,•,4•...,, .&._: .,I,_„,,,... ..,•• ..ofs. fri: • , F•4- ... :-flitairlbii* t.'
-• $;!.a.i.11P.. El 11 ■.... 1,...r iro ,.'.'1, . I
,
6 „_.; ... . .- ,....L.m.--.44-,.-..... .:tge4ti...n Ttril,ill - ' !,. . .' 1.-5
tt-V! ''' "10.a70.9i-•.7`t,,''w. ,c..- -"Az.;;,',-#.1 `71-.;■-: ?1,;6-0.. i l'Ft'...'..411 ••• 111 v...fflitl. .. . . t
••••0 4; ■ `.•I it:!;:,*m.'f..',;,....,4,fi,,n•-,..„--.-. -- .• ..r6o.r.:??;',,,,..f.,;,.•. ..,......4.13`..,w,. r F.,,,..4.1-,-'t.,.- ,,i). .r.!
ifou
i
j . 1
fis i':'T,,:e4i4,‘-;'-'•'"'I•gii,-.V.41L,I "t•-,-...i.",-,&;• -;. 1- -:.i"e.u.uli, "7-'4'. .;,-Ele • ....).', . -- ',. - - --i- ,[. . 1
_.3,7.•1.Irv,..,, ..47..e.;741.?...; ....... - tr.lyiiri.et,,,,..,,,.... „.., 55.6„..•2 , . - --?-••Atii '. 4 •
j 1'',I...„ 1..~ .I; .-..-'..4_::.,-III-7+. • '" id Fl. -'..,y. VA'''. '7. 1- 't•• -'''..' %-it.......dia .
•... .. .i.'. .IF 1111,-;TA-• . -,•.1„:,-13,.1., ._-,..4...,__Ty._,...„...1,-..41..r9,0m:fn., ...„.- •o.u...• ,ii
07:002. •
'.;g:,...:■q,,=& ItillM,fil..;ial. ..vT...' ..:.,....ap.!...1 7.713iip:' "JSV.lere, 72.1. r.o.q21.E21."ila■INt gati.'.. .7....Riff 473211111ii. - : . '• .. • - • *
1 7, S. ; . ,
i --- --,• g ,
• • . 11 I- . ' Proposelii:lonitig.::4... .t_taL ,_...,A.. .)m...vt.4c1-'011.0,-in-ts.___.':.;
. ,. r ... .- , -''.-r-. -,4 ,- tiiii---441 it'ocolt rittfoi Ficitftlitsrfttii1-.
. .
•,.,,. .......3: • E -
. . 1'.. ...: .Ai-.. --, .f., -,
- .41:.........,... ,,,.. a,-1.
... -I,..- ti. : .■-La..... .L.... '
. • .1 ji . 'ffessink- sensierfger' ia .
r1
1 Leagg' l
, ;•::- .................r., , .
1.. .,. -01,' .:.. , I ., •
., . 1 ..---• , .
1 r-.77M7Ifregifitiittl-;§-11- A.1-1:P,..4a ..IN . 3
.• tt • -, •• , •0 •
.I.,1210.07.:•.„,==..,q,-sr- ..-17E., -.I 1 1 }:- - . 4. ‘- - .- - • *I 1..„••••.. ......;.t.
'Er; „, .:-•.1....4.•:.. :r.,.:4: •IL - I ,•
11 A-X.•..:•:.oar-.--...:A.'! ; IM - 1.- .
1
ilagejtr..._.._,,,f4... , ,w, m"•"" ..,... .._.„._t_ .
• • • : ••"'. .• .VV•017•1, -14-Ate•-..71"v •
'..42_-::,-:•g.:•••,..
a 1. I ' if...:'4-1- ...I, - . ----- : ' cfbai C -.-.'L-;?---'•-•-••• V;' PW-7r-f-14-71...., -.....
. . ,
;-: :-1 '' 1051.4 • i - . .• -
1 - • •
rulPiapg„ IrPr7....:P11 ..
i 1 .251:4.,--1..-uir...;.F...:41:7;-.9. _, 1 FIL/10•0•:#34PRCIPF_'2A41,1"4,1#411!Pi ,;...wuTtitzta'vikerw.iso- ii-aB.:.;;Iri4E''''..7.-iiras •
_ .,..___,,. . Fla* .m,•0*.f....7.. -*;..-.,-.1-... .-irAn.d..f.f7,i.....*e,,zug. - .
I
1 . •• .• .' •. ,•... . .
• • •
..",..i._,,,44r. .,,,,-----.:.1.i.-,..fr.ftre,..L.I.:;;;;A: , •
•
1:'- • - • 4 T' . -1 *I
..._...
_ _ .• - _ _ .. _ _ _ _ ' *----- .71. -I-.4.." .. .1.3
. _ _ . • .'
, •
, .
1 •
5•
--------
• 52
,,.---- It..,,, ::,.-,.. ".,•*.........wm.i.. .,:„...!.:•-""•_,,i:Ei •
-----tm. .....- • •I- • 7,•-•"*•"1.4"4"• .•'''.;• ' '- F. m i ......' •-•.••'Ve' .r a i.sl•-r-_1',•:., ..,..4-,'"---r-f ier-, •-... - it .. -•-•
.4:.;•-••• .'••• '''="•''''i•4itRi'..SElt ••• •••k.../.-:, ••• /.IIFL,Ztt .1 IV 3L7a... •: ' .....'' 11..E... .l'i.17• . -••• .7:-. .•• •I
1.; 4-,'•• • ' ''''L'''• • 14".2,*r'7''•''''''•-•N..:i'' 1 l'11*11....11 1,4"...--." ..;:t' .,...:a_.,.. I .-4-----••• . ..j.,„'•• • ■1•••,:*•„.-. -. - .:••'.1:-,..„,:0--n-.t.,• • sr, i'^175-'7;e.';'.`ii:is f j
1 hp';'.•,,ii• 1.,r".i.t.t....,_ 1.1.if 10,,,... 1 11.1.1,1 1,-.111 -.' ,11:1,-,-....-. ..t.. va.- •:.: 0--i..:,.1-in;.,4 1.7.-•.--I.1:•.•'•• --.,-1:!..-Tir,.•11e,-;•:,".•I:...-a I
•-,:rvil.„,,..N5,3,4,-#..•kulp..,.,...4...FI ......X,,,,..,..,.1/4:,....t.,;.17-4....,,...p., ',I:4-• .-.F a t
X'Llh4ar.::'5'.1. .1 / I • '''--411 1
P,... , "I •- ..r,,,,-...".1Ata(k.-
.,,..),..•,::....., . i f
tr''''' •'...';1,,,,"! '.. -'..''': .•if...'. e ; ..i I
i. ....-7'...-7.7.1. .•...,. .:'„'., ?fit'. "'Tr-'.;.1".E, a. l'a i. a. e A• ',1 I
.., L.- 1.1.: 1.. 1....1•-;.;.,-IP r--,---.--ffir-...7•-•A•,.----i, • • -.,5.•,-..,,,,4-,4 .,...F.._i_• ..;.i., .,• I. 1..,,,, ....,.•• ..,,.. ''re 1!../ .FL,' 1. li,JI•F
•..t. .... F-1 4.:,...'ufiir'.: ,
' ii .IXII. ' .77' i ,L.,,,,._,"..i L___•• ,,..1:••.A0,7,7,.7, 4•i' . b ,...,•
• ...,,,,,...--,..--°•-•• i -•• ,.+-1
tr. -...--.-.-,:t_!,"..11-4AP-•,--1-kt .0-.5.2"...-47-2....'7.: .. ii• .---,r---•••• •_ • • • w - • - .,- • i. -,,,...t 1......".7,...-.471• I.',,........ti••• •,,,,,,
I _,• • II .. ••-,-, :..,,._1 .4 , : ,.E;,.. ..•ri 1...A2. . V: ....1: ii .• 1,.,0,..„2,, ,;IA%-,-,,,.' ,1,...,__ :. i girl of .1.,:,.. ..:•',...-
' -bk.,.•-ar7'.:-/Ife-f. ,IA,..../- '-, 11 .-''' ,j;"-,:,,,,,ct-,.. ,;:;;;, ,.7474:484j.e. g•IL.r..,■'‘---11.F,, ,geg.,..„.,„;
. It,
Idra.:2' 4I.I1-.§-•...'4 : .z..°--1.4411111,47-..--''i : 1 4'fzi740,1 ''.:k-'::-,',' .t-17 •1..; IIIII--,,„ 'i 1-'14' ''•-•. 4'"..--Ef.7: •;•.••-'--- : -`.,- 1.
rWa.f1:24?.... '-. ''.€.2.:..11411.itf .if..■:4; ''T ,. -.- 4,--r6.v1:.• m,-,-41 i 0.; ,ta..re.".1. k. 1 .*--...,_. -•'....,.:, • .1, ....•g.4.,.7.•••'":;-,..`..T7 1
.....,„:. , i , *e is... 4 ILs2:1,4:''ol fll I, 1_44 Ak....,,,,F,E,:,,,.. • 1-L . i • •,.....,-,.t4 1 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,-...,„„r.;„ ..,:•___,_„,.!.1, ti,t-i.7,73:,..,•••,,,s.,t23,1,
• p•-.. -••••••'',•••.. •-,- . s '''Ir,.'•'.'E .' ...,...,b,,-.r:-F,,,,nr.-..,„,....-,-..---1 -1'r:''''4, " ."i' 1--0,,,,, • r ,,...,Lt.'1,',1 kr."43:, l'''Ii..tirl„ ;
' ,..-ti:Jef..,."-.:-.- 1.-111-=•....z. p ti.'; •;`14...:=. ° 44.- •.'
J. lin .:. . . ,,.., ,..... „_,,,, :;t-..:,..h,..el--., x . 7: 7
11
- ...........
* • 11 4"'-'-S': D'..1.'''''''.'';;.'T•• 4 '' ' .„.tt'""r"=" s'.9. g `71' •Ii. ...........,:7.4 51 i ev= •11.A.,,,..„4,t.:
! ,.km:11- ' '?•''''A
. ,.,. 1, —• —•-..-4i.k....•!:1•44-,,, • •••. • 'r•tc;:;
1
' 1 ii, ,14',,i47 ). he 5-mila I I.-r - -i,I 3,14.tail-Al: t
,-, „: ; t• ...•......4.C.I.:474.■,..
.....40,230*. I,......7 _ _ - - . --r . • • • 1 AZA,•.. ,,.,.."..,I q 4440, II t'''Mik71 I
• I ,r ,i'.• 1.'. IT•';'!' .... , . .• ''. I _ .,,011.-.....„.m,„- .ttic.,.:..,..,-,..
r... .:.10 4•-4-7-17.7.:77i:t`'`-:!. ...„...t'l. :.•'ZS)ir. -tga L t• ; : 0,,.. ,-,.,, -1.:. • -gfild4-:.., .1,•
- .-*-1.;;e:tRII.z*FPX.3
••T 'I ''"ti.',', -"Ilph-P''.. ', •••II • "..., V:1;1 *.A '1,A-3-"I'''',Ig- r-,---1,...1'•....1:--4:-.. ,-,..,41.-• ,•:,•,, 91 — I- '.'''rity.X:-t....&,-U.r.a:.,:z.•.t.,..;,'-*
4 ,,E .0...,.....t .• ,i1 .. . •• -..-.. ,.. ....I....• ir.,.,‘- ,:. .....,...-ze,,•44, --g•,,---••• At, ,. ..: ci.I.,A•t.'"I .-,.r-s
•,,,,i. . ,• .- ..:—...,— i..-i•-•:-4;,••••...tx...i..:141-. Jec,1 41:,-:,,,r,,IF -',..:: ,..:.', „•ice,,y.V'F'1•.: " 44;- 1
!...1.4p...0...:.:R...:
• - :11fel'it).f..,..0' ...,4 11 '' ' ',,P+49b4...,,e7f.:=.:i.: i4:::.,1 ,ig.:-....,,,i,t, .......,..... .14. wo'....,,,,,:f....._E--... , I El::: •,•••-k--4"4-entl M,t.7,.?§17-76V::-E.1.";.- .:.
,'r,:f7' •Y.6412...., t-• ff,.4, nu:rAarti-. .,,11471....:ktion.
t _.,„_..... 14,:':--',''''re,==7,47: ::-.`a'••.• .r.,,,3•'•••=-• ..,,...•,':".•Ni• Fli --• ••1' -a•yp:t .14-0,1,-.40 ••,,tii'l,,r•La,••.
r:A..• •: 4'''.•'-.1'4.1-..4,_.:,‘„.„ „.....,:,
..,:,-4i• . ..,;c,-3-,..-..,;.0.,,,E= i_ .,-.,,:,_.2*.viiii,,,,, ,,,,,
,.: :..11.:It •FL,vc.' E..-77-- , g!PI*.•-•:::1„..- ,...,:T.re,a-w.t, tip.,. .;...fitt., 1,-,1,ty • 1-r•-,--•.. ....-Itig-orreU.k.F•Fo..,F-.SP. I
l''' ::7.:7,41''4,-.7.,,,..,.zg 1 'T'l-T.'-'2::;:11..0111,...C.'::',.1 , ti,"7i' 1.7.:•: 7-f?th...7:-,i,,;•14-.Ts---p..-,... -•.'F'..4,-'L'C'. ...,..1-'7':':-'-•.•:74/11''' '''Ii44C,17,41!•:,It4twr:-.;'''...r.•
... 4i. -,A6,..,, _1
I„ !
I ...-,:,',1:.0,r,,,4-,-, ' „X•bo5ii..,,.;,7•',,,,,,tiui ,..,.. ?4,,,,:,,,,*,..• 'i'...."''' AT'Afa'IC:44a r:'AtirMte'7.14,•4'..412,t1-57,i014,
VEt. :P.It'4';') °9*.)a,..rP,'?, r•.'"-:..... ,-,;:rg"'-nr__.".'-p '',12'...-8.;..'.q: .5" •-•'. ,.....'-'44,-J 71''',-•:%.4- .•4,4,11). ..-.. .4.1^-4.A,•:•;4..--1 'qtel,454. A
,74,14;;;-imz.:•.-i“.",5-11--"S°.''°-:--11-1 ; ,_-sr.t.ji4 kr•"".--f=5v, -='-'-'' '1.'". t... .._. -t.f.„,-71--....:',,;:ftp. ; ,"",1:: .k:-."14°,2-1 7.-4,4,;•&.,,;.Z;-.Z...ii•
• e. • trii..,tr I.. s: .-''.1. , ..: t,.,,_„*.i m...-,, .a wr....,=6,4,1r•n.,..,:,..: ,,,my-e-- A At ii,lVe-itytt. o„:4-4....,'.,Apw.4.... _.''''.."-,, r,.,,,,h'• ; _I-•;;;;,.;ifs,kip.;
:11 I., tP1-1.. .4AV LO,_,.00.1.,7°......r..,-.- . 14 laNt.., till' Et.N....'L ll-g- iPt",1 l'f; .7;•• .24":?...:.,-"2.....ii,,. -;,4;;;-:' .... ---.JP.PrIii:':c•**,. -1.•-•.i...,4.-A,i,V V',
'IT...1.J''' f.- • ;l'ti:24"-• ,.tx.r.t,...;tie•Y0..••••,.'''' Lit... X,..',1,:l.. :•,w-'•-•;.. •07,11.•-•:..-•;;;,...-x:f. ...-„....-...• A--,. :..,•-••4,-,...-t•a-a!':-...1:fik:65 i-,:,k4.2--`71.!
-,7.... ....4' ie;:ii ....4 ■•■••%1'. L.a.,,.....- ''.t....t.ijk.'-i -T ',f 4.''''.<4'i.IL°.'6-"5.:.14:nigtif 03.•;.'...e.A,.=ii:&.„.•--' ,''''''' ''.:-.--,Att.•‘,1*.ai',-.=‘..:
' 'u:il: *1, es '''. ,1',-Il'"!frnii-• f.,-,:"...1. r•-:I t '•I.z. I-:45'-ga a- ItrIzttajfti.-..k - ,--dIi,It;•••• 'eta..•, ••••k'.4,' ...;•4-'1..-1.1x.V•45.c.,-,',P.::-.:-.•.. 1..--..;.,,,:".::473•
c. .e.. -.‘-' .',...v..,..47 ',....14,..atj. . ., ...1.02„-:e6.-1
;477,74;I:1=1";,'
i '• ,•-''' 1,V...-A5,;'11-'r
Foi.: ;,.6::::,i7,:ir. v4,..F.,47.7,:;.77.r...._.'•....,j,1.0.:x.Iiii7.:11...:,..t,..;,....,...,,:citl..L./:.. ....:14:1174,,,r...1.......::11.ti. .:...2,0.4.,•..vz..!::••ji:.L,.1}....t•'::;:::::_z.....:Tx..,... ...,:oidp.."..:._,::jtr?.:.,...;:___:.:7:•::'...j.r.'•:,r73,r.. :..:_Httm,_ait,..:.::_.tv:_ zl...Lie;.T;t ,.r,,.:,r__,....:V::....T:L..:,,vo ''I':i=:::;::'.t.t.;•a"-'..i...r•':N2.7,Lj.:_::..4.•7,,711.riv..,..,;.:01:,...'ieiT'r: lfglil1.41:n'Llv*:;;!.ilf:1".4‘:i41.ili.,,
...9• ' •..'rt-iatt4a •'''' ittg,: Atf,g749.11- %-••• **,11..:-.-it 'U'' •-r`,.,1•' ..1,...1', • ..„., . .......,,
tti.,...;, -,,IF42'",q,• .1-2..;$.' 2 •I - '..I;ir id,a: - ' ::: .1.-ei-iu• —-•''.. . % ". :',...,....— '1'.•*•-lf• -• TsA,5_,.,*•,1,:,,i•.ft,., . 4,:-...,,,,,%;$,-,1:4a!
' - "!--. ,--;:414 ; -,:t a:,,',,,i',- "-:* gl.; ..,.44-t. , „,--5‘,---3r,„1.;•,, ,...,,.. -04”,..90'‘.4...Le,ft.*.... '.7-7-''':i.':',.*.y,•' t .$ ,q-,:`'..4:'7.41til'
r _j r
:k.'" '' ii:..i '''' ''1.5, ...i4°'1‘.'.,1,.,. 1„..t.-It ri.,i -....., ;,;•,4,1„,.,,:,•,,,-.••••%1.4--' ,LEL•••-zE./., -i.•••...,:7:1 M.?... '•'''-';ire..tri•.'ig •tv,,v.,,,,,tit,P,, ,:',:`,
4
:',.,tir iv,..,. ... i.,,,,,.41.•'-w, .... ,. ....... R-4,,.---,.,L. .r..7 ..... ., .T.-.K../...-.. 1. ,..,.... -,...4 .;:trit- .. ...-, . ..L.,:i,:•,..%-r,.„-‘,1,4,•.,:./.,
. ,.I„ •....,'4,,-41:14,„;. ...4,1.;„1174,4;4;.=44...4„,...,4,4"1. ', p,i .111,..i ,.. .: ,,, .., ...,.... ..;_-_ ..,,,,t,iii..,,••,... i:.2 1.;14,r•,-,...,.... ., J,,,tt,„•-,,,,.-.1,:..„ gill, • ,.Frl'••,' 4L-,
-A..' 'tf , 'Thir . i , I.; ,,k,'.'''..4 tl, ' ,-,:;„,...:,,,,,fe. , r,., io .,4.- •.:,..,-...t. ..., .. ...it,-. ......,. ,,,t,-...-Fic.-,),.44:Kw,itT,!: Z.'s.
.r.. litj,,,:,... , ...„,„•.... .:....,. ay,, ...tatior,i 11 j 7.4., 0. ,. .r..J, 0'W7-C7.r.7 ,,,1 • tl . :.•:T.,,,.t.,,,, .•,:b.,-,4i,..e.?.....z• jr.,..- x•-•A"•,-,a-. ..41,„...,...„,„..ir,•
.....„.„, .......,..,....„, „.....„ k.,.....t„, „.. ....„„", .,. .,.„,,.4,,•,,,,.......,. : „.•,...glici....• ..
- • in, ..,.. . .
oral:15W' e•:'•''P....-. ,'''' , -,,,7,44,4,., -• 1-.,,,.....i.,... ! • ,,,,...-,•..,11:,vr, r4, ...••••-" ,.., .-.1'7.:.•1•.,,,. ,-..-,,,,r,`Y.•::._1.1. ! ..to,-...,,i
• 5,41rii4f Li , .,..,'--- ,." --- • • r- --E-_,., .i•-•-- .... • -,..------..•v,-.. •,. ...:_• •...,4%.-.••••i... ..pmrw--•:,;:, ..1.,5,-.
,, . 1-7.• ,. ..).„....„. ,,,,..fo • ,7:-,,, • .,. 0. . .,,. Az.,1 l• .. • i,1
,I-Egiffp.:v• - ,.: , ,
tA,
°
1•.1'•""'''''''''''''1.1";t0 '7. ' 63'Vi 1-.•4:. i . :.-',1•.-....1) ''''''''''''''''''. '11"--t, .Fi 1 ^I''°''''''r li'-'17".'4...;P"‘::41,,:,r2.4.1..,''',.117:•.;'..0,:',,.....,_,.. ...41!i,:,";--:'[..*:..'.-.'--..P0'. -I'l'''••"j4'......-,•te./..:-•,,,--0.4.!..3';11".:-,'',..1.4 41'141:i i
%. 1.4-11-- in• • •.--•f' - .3. ' e* ,i .7r. -P.1' .4.1,44,1.i'' ',• •''.1 IVA-.4•17MTAT. •Ii;••;,T•I'•1.-4.,A-4':,,-....i.i• ,,i,•
'.i...-- • ,,:4 ."';- -.---•- _- ---..:',•- 11:'.....i; "ri ,,,„ t.t..:,.....„.... ..4.•-,..:-..••.,,r,%,,,,,..;...,,, ...4). .p.... ..;.10.1a-„E, • ‘, vi...... 'ff7.•.. v.a.t.rr.:.•:.0,624. .1,
'174.-.1.'“• . '.• .t,r...t• 1.TIi S_,gi, *.'..'64t.I1R-t. 1g... I -. -t- -72-•:- '''''":Agt''.:• ' 7-41'''' 11!'.'14;t:N., 'Po•fftisd,. .::- ;-• rzi 4:;-.-. ,1,,.,..pip.10.....4.t
. : ,.....t.2-..-..-.11,r ,...,;,1-... 'I %I' ;.,f. ' .• ...in-.ri - i---. -..•- •„„.--,,, '11.--2;-.1-'4".: 7';'6'",-;;... '.. lt'.1 I ---.,........--------;...-7..A6lAr:41'..,:.--1. ....at J". -.:-•
,'_ .• :. i 11F,,-q ”1",.,: , ,:,..;•'. .....„'61:,•-.••-.1.4' - fiT4:::" 1 14;s:i.c.M.01.Fli IP:,AT", ''IA&r ---ii.. ,.. ,= v.,/,-4-0c-s:ox-'442. - .t••••••• !.. ....._:::........-...1.,.:K.:- i
• ,1:::.liri.. II ..„,-,. .• il, ',1,...v--, i,,,, ..-,y
.,...i.: :II ',....?.....gte.'1,-1 ..-- ,,,-,I•;.,„R.•••• 1...!---..4.,..7-=.:I-,i' -------- -7..&,;,07011.,ilii 7,:',.:;W-;Or...trtillti41.??-." .... • • - - - • •••
igrAi: ,..--,,,, -...........„.....,..„-,... -.. ....._ • ..; • ••
,...--z.
. - —
.'. r I' A. .t. assAt • --- -
- - - • .1 • ,;.. liven i Ii ,.!tr,--..1 .
•
• _____
. ......
I -.... FIWAI,A-t2 tar1114/
•
.; =k-, •.- . .......14:.-4,..v.?. 1, - fitiegi• , iiill OW*r ,,.. ---..- —..-- - •-
.1f e0p.,..ti.,..0_,..,...e.,--d_:Z.;,...jeii nlril
wimr.0454.13_4(ro...._ .., _ ..___ - ,- .• . . •
. . s... ..-:..„-..s.i...k ,,;
: Ipl. •.11; -:,1,...•:-.,,,.•• -3 . ._ _
., Ii - . .1'2••....I'i#1..*•ir.k,,,d,•- ...... .-4-5::5Cr 41 .•=........—3==a-ao.die:::--01.0.c*IL
,-..,14, ; .•••1,..:, .• .,:.. .:.. IL...ii ' '
1 ,
.,I, ,..-"M '''.11." ° ,-.,,1,43,.., ToT,.., ...4...,,,req..• •• A'UM-- • I&
-, . tli,
. .k. /II: .1 ''' . .. • „LT...-.''',--- 1-'-. n
p.......4......' ,...._,..A-i,.ar-...-
. • .
.1 ' er"`?"".........-- • P 1 1
1
1 4 ..!4'Te_lt-- --. :-,---•
"g, ,-.11:—. ,.. ..L.ir At. ' --'t,.• .,•• •
":1,11414„.T.-* !ir 111 1 ."---7- 1.;"-::::71"rjg- ... .'
i I ,
1 •IN:.r•-•--•---...-.: - ..- -------. ifitj..:*--1--&—.17ii,gri ..-.....:-.-. .:* *-liT.: 4-",M13-4 St'jilt'41.;.
;77'. •.4.1..--c.:14„,., .7i,11.9-...-. • r:Mt
..._— Amitir..10-4.0'. - -- : • .• ,
. .
• , , . •....'-'.. •11 •-Lt 1 4'''. ,
• . ......,' .o .--c riFisly•,.,,*...P:44 t.w.,,....- - •
'i.41.;•: ,:t..i,-.N P: .?.`.7?.4:t.--,.. .!.t.'- -4.••---
I 1.04 LI; ,..„-_,...... 4. .... .14,1s-4,-....Ce's'..4,7•FE:7-.:.-,...„4,4,tg,M'
a...1.7,.. ,,t..F,TM'7 K.L.-.......i,Mar...... ..IP=,.....,....._ .
It h..,,i.:.,•.I._.. ,_I-7.'[tile:. . •
•
.'
. ..
..................._____
• •
i.t .
, ,... .
I ,
1
, .
. .
•
53
_
- . .
.
.- •
• • -,,,L..iv,:-.1..
_
- 1 Nupour....A.r.--dtimt . 1
.__....42_,:.44./si.- • :..;,,t.- rttirti ..„1„0„„,,,,,:„....---,,i,...... , 7:. ....,,,,....7...........:,.. :P:..,..:T...,..-.:::.. .rt::::...:•:,......._ -- 1-1 ,To,:,•.--iai4;z,,7 ,...'4-11; ,,,,...,• "h . . , L-.11 •.:44.L.,,,,-.1? • . W.• ,„..,S'''''''Et0 j_
...--...-1 'n-.--4,47q1_,,,•••• i11."1"--'•'".- '''''''',.;•'`,. ;k...,,,„4...• . •ti:.:: ' .: ,,Sed.'"4 .• .'.i, .,-,-. ,"."-E' .-• 1' •5,,;F.--LIP:•;.•-' -'.0- :'-'•-7"- '-V I
LIF, :. k,z-""'"`"t'as''''''''''' ,1,•_/•••...114-1tvz-16.,,.„:, :':-11..i.r..,A,,,. .LI iff:L'..,..: i.:1,-,11-,-• •-2-;•.,'".ir'' ,.ff..4. :P.,r-: ,P. Pi I iit
'it'IMP- •'f4.---7----. i'l..._ 1: '''6 .',V!PIA; .,..14 ■i„.•1774.,4'4,g,,,''•••' .'"ICr•', i• • •••,..:.'•. .,_.4 -, :f4;-,01 tk il-,...! ''-
•; .. '....„,,,,,A. r- „,...._._:../.:7-..- ;4:7.':-..F. .-447".mw,T"i'''':r.' 1 ' ' .:`1 1"--' '-"'• • '7-1'441*rai 1
• • 1 i''''''''''ff'-'•'4:77.1'''''" ,•-'''' .1:r ''•'?' '1-4•1;" ''• I: i?-747'S' ''''!- -"."'"'"'''''• . . f.f• ' ' . , k.,.....,..r1.......:.'4.:,-,F._.4.14,,,,..-,,,,I.. ..s„,_:7'
', • ,.*: -41•`• '4,••• 8;''..2..7...-'•;, ,,...: e•i , . .1.,,, . .,.: 9•Ii••,.: i
, .
• •1-fr r.,...1.:,-#.i.,a-,4: ...,., ...0 k A ..4.....; .. --...-...;- V.1,1 ,,,.r.....:--..,-....;..„. I!?,,q. •E L.:" •1
•\ r,.."--1,, -c-!? s i ,.• ...°- ", V:7 I
•.0... j. . .:, -,,,........ z.-• , .,44,•E.., ,•;• 5 •'•:•1•:•1::? , '
,-07:i••-•'la'''. • .
• ' i;Y.;4-1 • '''. rip$.,...r pk- , ., 4.:-.,,, , 7 r• T..:-'1..::4,?-1"..-Icg:-.:r4:•'144•LT
'P...-..1:..,,- i. i L___. ...-.. ..: ,i... :-.71„. ir.• 1 -. •,.. : . "..LL.t .:• . T2- • 1. ..,,,,-
•.,,,*7 ••••••••.,,t4 ',.4 L ,
1.;4•7', - 14,1 •N,r•'Ie..:•.-•'' ,,;,,-.•`.- , •-•-•"-x... 4'1 • ',..q.'....:;' •''• ' .4 - . • ,,.1. • , ti..7. ..-f-'3. .1 1.,---....1 ,i.,,,j1.1 I
... p\-1:„..,....-F:,- .., ... 441,, . ;;•''''. *I ' . -•••••• ..',.tf:".°1
• z•, . . .4.-0, .4.„,.e ;
,.
i al411/_„.•-•-•.• --* •'''' ,^•"4'''. 4.11-.• ,., •---.- 7,,,01.7i•. .1:.''.'4.. ,.,,- 1..° ;•,.2,-.--,••=-”••447'.=147=1•-•,•.•••
• *.i..1.4.11. 4 :4=`...T2:• Se' .. 'Tql I.:- r. .'''.':: ir - E.... ..,J. c •
•
......... .. (......,„ .,„..,.....„ •,..c,,..,'att.-. 41-a,,., •if..*' 't,/A '
1
•.ti •
• -P : - -.. 1• . •••■•rf.s.; ';.4;:,--v 141r i .1: IS' ';""t';'•-''••1.. • Li •
.• . , . • •.4; I :.ik, --• • (1',. fr„::;.:....• 1,„.„„, • . ,•••,•:, f i.1„vw„,,,.;_t•,...:.,
, t... ••"..,- I it•yr1 It!
. .. r., -1 t °•'4'5'. 7•11.1;;:,••••.:till'.11:;§•Fer"' .-"-'1'• 1"'. v,il: ‘: iiI. ;
1:, -L .„. ,i...-, t,
•ig.n • 41
u,.. ) ,I EL 4r 11 . . '.) ' 1,1 l'4,-''-7.I
'!A, I; '_....e I 'I' • ..,,,..1 .-".7. . 4--;:-'7'.1 .1.1.1.41.e,t'•••'''''4. ,,,1,
•-•''''" '.:-"...i Pi .'=., '1.4 -,,,p../,,,'• - .i.
. . 1;1• Pa.,.6,-,..•...v.,,,P sifi ,,...,c,,,, •-• • • 14' r• 4' ' 'in tP.;.44" t,. .t , .4: 4.' •••';;V-k'S''''..'.F7."'' ,..t.--, L' -.-''' ; •p . •
• i_y_.,_• ,A ...----4 744.491•°''''''-'1r.es.4i,.. ' .± ---', 445 . ', - . ..!Ete4S;;;.+;•• •" I r4 •• -F;•
• ..tI !E •5:00. cl.!, ;;Ily...4. „ ---aa...gg',4-ii:' •.L. • jP..1,'. it-cr.4,v7,.;3: , A st .4.1. yi.r. , fl........,. 4.,A-,..,...r . 1
. 1 -01. .1 ,44 d!..rit"!...:',7'"I'Yll: l'U.. • 7 • 0 ar;3; ';';' 4 "TAIS ; ti'' 't,'"'•, -;!.:fi.:...so....1• • iiattif,',•74,,•i•,,V:....
. .,..• ' ptip., or 114 a, • .. ••••; ,••1.,.. -- zl,,g, "•.: -, „, , ,re,..' 0..,,.A • .......IL,...-i.L‘.lv- . ,,. '1..;_, e• k
• 1 irl- '"s -:sko. ,„ ....,...-, „int., • F.:.„1:",!-.1*-,y1,,,.._ IFX/3...•,P---T'A-., • I sii'.
. ' • 4.-. i 1.,,,T,FErve-,,•„tr
. : .. •... --,-;-...,,,• 1-%itr f.'.: .:.,g-iffilh.17-Lk"'_,,,,,,:r4 -,,,•?-..... ,i..." ...,-,..,..,,Fth„fdo,a ,,,,, ,..„--.i- '-'iig...Le.'4. •',:iVrez.' .•
., „,, N.if,----,..,„„ft.• 1,'?,' .''.• A.td,f`_ r'' "'1- 4' f..,:; ,..,_,.---: 741-M7,-.ire:4„,.....A. .. i L., ..:,;:.',4,1-,...,:,•,.,
ii .
. - rtiE.......„..,,, t ,• ...... ...,,.." - 404._1.A2E.,-4„,..,' -4s.-', •‘••ia..).77,...,., '4.vA'.':.-N, 1- '%:-:. -g- *--r-ci• .- .x:
ta-r • •: • -..: 4.4..„,..,..----•,..• ,.i. ,,„;,..,,,,,.,.. ce,,. . ...1 . p E 1 r..,..40.....,-.r--....,,,.„
„. 1,. ....i., ,•. , ,iit,•:'!''. ' ,I,..4-,‘',7,'" "'', •'Pa:4' Terilia',1:-••• ',ur•ii,' .tig--F,J- •17,•.• , ." :..:5
• , ''.! 1.... 1-1.114% • 4. j-, 1.• ,?.•• ••• • 1.,, .,-7'5,'.4f .-...-77- ,,:-.604,,.: -=i-,- .: al • •- -.V:.A. ' •"•--Plw'':-
..k.•s 624g:4.1r-3
''''". - ..,..:;,,,f'1.. ,;,`,,,,,eft,,!.,-1,HriE0,. .: -,,,,o.'..,9.p..if::..,.......±.,...---.:--$4,'.... .ritaFe-lepoti, .V.,,,i,j:'# ,?,',, .N.,.•' , ...,-.-04.,,,,z,,,:,•• .. ..._„,...14'. ....,%,
,.i.• A''''•."."•.'.'
•
. ., ; ..... ••:-.,..17'P-.:,•11,,„,:r.'!:.-:,-„,,i4,,:•:1,..,-,-,41.'•---1,/,,,,,,,at,•.-:::,,,,,,,,,..;:,:'.':Ii.,,,,,-r-•44,4,...11..„.1-..tti....,,,,,..;40.'-,......frik..,:i....4.,:t.,:clui,i..„7”7., 1...,......•'_,,:r...„47....-14.9_4,,71.:tk...7,.......„._,..• .,_,,,,,,,,,..• ...,,,,J":;, • ,...1,01,,„•,,
.•
;., . . t, .,.,., ,.•-- .,..g,•;■••,4"-I'•.0'.
••„.1ir..4.•474'.“. , _:::,„,_. -mi,,,,, ,.-±)4 • -.i;',■1` ,. t.„„,,,...4-. 'D 1 r,„7,..,..... .„.. ....:,...„..4 „..........„,„....,,, .. ,!.• 1
E•;,4' 4,•,•;-• *--'4 .w.,:qou --1„,tit:IL i 'Lt.",- ' 55,1••••••,..4*,•••••••••,.:•14i,, ';•jr••.• i . ,'* '....14.m.,...v2G,;,..,t,,
• 111
i . ' '4. 0•*'•''.1*'I; fi' •,...,,„',';;%""..,„,' ,ItifSa15-4;trl,fr21- it 3 II• - " • •'1':114;p,-,;;A,A1?...t.;. :•••'+..'4.4--• -, ig
• •.i.:,-At •
'''".• '7,-0 41:---41-.4N4,.•., --`• . %41.-ii.. ,.."--ia altly „..-...5, it,_r..f.., ilt r 1„If_.,..,1,1,k :kern:le-1i .•, I
/ . : ' I A, ,,,--: 71-=i, L-t.i,-14.p.i1.14.1e....,.. ,.-..-,K.• r• ,,s ;.- •' "°:,. ..,,,, - L.,.4
ii. ?...,...-.',,,,,:-. I.,. :Ive5,1,34-1-.p•.5. F.,----t''' ...A...;.... „...i„ L.:,•.•..0. , •,....: -.,,,, .-41'•1•54-,4_-:. •'1 T••-,„ s
gigiFif._._,=.•',. F,,,,...- ., v.+.4,..,,,i,,y,..,,„,7,1,..,„,,,I 0 ...., A „_„ ,0 •..ir- ,, , .‘ „...„........11 . .•,,..... t .,. .....,.4 ..,, ••,_.,. 1 .
r14•7t.•-•• 'AV ..' ThIct••tiglr"ig ,...;,--4,1;,,;,,A,V•4••• . FA ' "77.1.1.17.,,..'Dr-1.,,,f"t
- ••'.,. . 4. -r,,,. •-•41 iqa-,5:1,,-.-4.t.,.. ,__q.,,-1 ., i : ,a.-...- .4&:;,..,,,z.-•1, . ,
1 kr'.
.........:•,-% ::...-. .,----.--;..*:;*-:•••••-• r - • 2:A_ICY'''''''''':4 1 i L
i l'•,••!? .."--- , '' '..-• •;• ---..;...115..-;•.;,1,•7 ' ° '
- • vg--.7--•-•,'- fit-• ,'• I l't..,-.1- gri'11.7*-4'.r . .k'
1 i. t.„,... 4, , .
..
: I I ( ,op
!--•;-ti-f-r--id 1 % 1,,,.........,,, ....d i., . ,..,.k ,... „..
. r.-.1., -....10.• -..,..„ ••••, .. t.,.........,-„,..,...3.-4y1,-. •. .. :i,..A..
r. .„4-41,- • , 1. .1,.,.‘‘ .1.c., : tr, ) ,illrtz *,,0 • ,I Ai. • "t, ...- tril t 4 in k•••••...•--.' '?. 1't
. ..- „ . .. .
i gwi-zI'L • 4.•-•1 -4" I I;f.4..11.4•,4.
V?•=ii1.4"'"•:-.'4";,,-c. ,t,' .,..4,-*,,,,.: -:, k.:.• ' _4,,'k,, •"4:r.-
t.:'''.` •••';' ;.2 •l'r.-4■7•Y‘"i.E4.--..1,. .,,_:_LL„,,t-J•,?...s, ....--'11;4•••=9 1111111•14111`
1 ..,,,..,„.m..... • ...,.,.,0. ,...,,, Li•.. . .,;.,,; ..,,,,,....,,,.e.,.. • ..• .......... -'4', .. i.F, v„3: ....:1,,. .,
. . : -•to ..,,• ....."kir . 1.441,..,... ,:1'. lig:',1"1,•
N,,. j s''..t.°L..V's'''A a •l'..E1,i';..4..• z....1.... • .j.. 175,,..0..'. ....,
•i i. 'P'j'a r:d"... i f rt; .J-11•14-40" .4p,,P.---.•-,
_ ,4,.... • ..k,,,,t, 1
.- • , li "i.t.:..f'-'•..,i&*...'e."3 u••V.AtIr
. F.-- tk.• `..••41.••• 1 qf.f ,. 1 , 1.1, yfr.•,.". iii. • -7'wt4,;''',''..ri,%"„&•••'....,.'471r;egtr`', ':t,„'..; q
I ,„ 1•„'.."'l 11r' '.41,,I,, -1,.. '11,4',„. '',..:,4 4 ' '".'.41. • ',n, 4
--It .T,', P-,..• ...• -F-...,. „..,;,.,0 f .,,r-A5., i ' ,• 1, .■ 0:::_i•f tn,:i•d•-1-f-r•-•:q.,,,,,t,•2,,a•-uri=4
„v:•,ifq..:: ;'',,..6,-4. a . ,.. 4r. d.h. r.k10 ....AA.,: .11 •flo _......4, sp.n,• %, =• ••;,-.:,,-,4 •I-• --...igorial.t.,•,.."-',=:,ir:' -;u:r
1. ,• ..•,?,-- . • g . • .........5.• __.. . • ,•,•;• . .4. 4.-,,--.:....i.1,;:,...,•14441,393:,,;je.-.1,,,rj.5 .• .. , 4. ,,?f•i I-. .... ....._.!,. ;_,.. . .:..., :f..,,-.
. •:••;,,,,,,,,4:-.-•197243f01:.;7. - 'f-f,r,Jilz,• 2-. •.fi- , • • .;:1,-14 ..•4! '••
.-7*;2"; -'''- 11 ••••; rtr...4,• . -''.rJi..•11,..g: - -.--.A'41".7:-...... '•.' .,11 I
.. ? I._ . Litz%if.'-'14.4' ''''''',1 •' ''.'1 It
. '1. iji: .. ':.-"ge'f.'".% ,,ct::.'ir .10:4.17 Ar.."i;s.•• I'D •I' ... .1:.' - .;,A14.,,t•-;1:-... '•.,- t-'• .r.:,..^.zt...,....,..5...4, .,_..,_. . 'm.,.....1:g
, ' , •4A•r„,e.,`., ....7. q L.= • „, .. , r9,:4.. "' ;1 %... '• ..tl. . '.'t, .r. .... '..' r 1 ,,,• ,i ....,,...-.1 „,,,,
. •••'"'''. •LI•' f.",■.f. 41'....t ••••7.7 - ,..,,, 1 ,,r-. •1.......- • ii1-.::•:•• i•I.,,,0 „9" ro.,,,,sr,: .-1 ii,i,1 , 1,rrn,-i 114'
': ,,._ •.• •-•:;;;;,..., . ',.•••p. ***1•.„' 4''''l ......, '.. 1 .. ,..,..... , : . ,, ‘.. --.:,-7,,.., ....,..v. IA
tv.. 1 47;4m,' ti,...45t 'ir,„,..1,_-7.,..,,,,,J,..„.., ,
r t77'4:'I .-•
i: 1 fr--7,...••----....,'4,. "I. . ..- -.......:-..;,,,.. L -: :•.4. : , " .n.7 ,..;•••i..:'t.
• •fe."11%*_.„iaii,..4. ri.-.1.1"-., i 1.4a‘,,,2r. ky,.4 ''•
, 2 II ,•E-f:V ,••.c.r4.,;,.),,,...0 ..-E.L-E.-Li,. 1,3. r r......, .• ..:-:,1,. ....=,
7-4„ :4,,,, 4 ....5 ..„-'ig)..4c. -i'' .-1'-' •...7 kt,,`V'.i:Ar'':- • • ::' 1 1 'r' '
. ,-. .I. -'0. -- '. ., * ,,, .1,, L, ,.-.1-.• coli 15 ;
t," '• - -'" -- ' .' Ad • - -
!•
• ,2...4,-... .... -- -, .1. . ...2 .• it.,,,,r„..4, .. , . „ , ,,..,.1 ,. II,„tt!:',f,'..,:,. ..•,d1 •••'- 4 . • .
.. .. .
I, ;;-'111.•41:C. - ,...irL".dr.:' • a. '-ialird ri t , ;.. -- .c.r 4W 7.---.70,mg,K • . . ,
...m...:....__... .. ,..,. ,.. ..... ..., •..,.'..,;',..,: ..-,6,-•,,,4-•--""--• ••• ' --"'":"-•"'""".• • •
;
• ,,,,
1• ... . . ..... ... .... . .
-. .,,, _
,...Ameri men, .
...... . • •._ ..........._.,
. ...
r- r-1 .. • po...._po.fsea ,anin :...Atias_...,...!__• _ _ . . . .,
,,, ,
„, p -,-. y ..... ,.
c .....;43._ `.1•;:.,E.,... -ii;iiiii-',%:.6.'weivi• Rudd-- -; ifintltatrilinald.
-Jai! 1.......-..„°••••3.:41, 1 • .
f Pi` i •
• :'i : ' .1,, •':.:: • • •:* I. tiiiiiiiiikiitiiiiiiiiii=-:-=1-F:17;* '
II........ •- •., a
7-343Erf.i. . :
. •:.: :411... A-,...4.•.. .--
, --4•,--.• • ,
IffiR•EtiT&I ..001W-tolP11-. ..40,4-4, PI •
, • - - • . .
:,...„-.7.----:;,,,-.4, lir ,,,•
• [
-• -7 sr..1i7t, '-.4.,-. ...•11
IIM ,,,,.,!,.....1„..4 . -5,;,.. !
..ig, . • .. - :•1 Mi- ..1tX;VE.44/1.:A.R.s- -2-0-. . ' 1-wir 111. -,-..-turoir.
• •KW4i,I01.-11..40).- ..::.--- • •
..t...e.,,i'
are;-
j ".-1,712,,;ikirid4t(4_'ilfbili..17.* ..'•*:- .1-.Irlei :c.fil,F12az,...fikar: . d I' ,
-....,0.11f titw--t*',9 - •...-
..,
.-11.144
•
. ;t,',.u .,..- .--%-ai • •
.., -prilt i gifn*---Aki.4, _ -•-. •,-'-' •
WM519%.. 4..S."-. , , ..•_. .....- , .
,r7S.-.2ii.Oriibettal- 7.1
•;; ;i. -- -;71:4142ki.'Ail■d117 * -• -MA-.FIFLVatiti Ifg.=..::1M1 ■Miratri:i...siVx _, _,,... 1,,_
P...-:=. FE-I.-- . ----• - 7'.
41141-J
.' V.-i•;. '7-17. . - i :
. 1... ____:.1.1_ ". -. .::•r•. •. ..1•. -..--...-
.. - • 4-4.F„....?,r-... - -Fra.... .---.....,...1.- Felfms,E",-i. I
•gta. .-.AF..4-..s .r-m,. -' ,
1
• 54
• .
..: • ,-, ru-.•-•
---•- - - . .
--•-• ....--......,==.--••••.- .ail,i-, -;-- ,,;,•.,.., 1.,...:,-;i4%‘,.---,.-5-1 tf'4,F.,•-"''''n.--s-ID-'-'•;•;,DJ'-----', -•• - -- ••••----•:. - -'''''- ' "• -;•...:' •r,•-•-•- t,, (1'6
r•. :•,..... .----.......t.0 ,---. •,...,,,_. • . , -..--4.•-- ,!•••••,...,::::;!? ; ,...'-,mg Ili r.E.:.-11.'- m.p i•.- .,.-If; -,-." --t .-,..1 ; : •r-i-,,,,,,e
y..r57,Fr L 1 e ”t; '.1' ....! ,'1,'.1'- : 1-• ••
...--,;,;,..,,,-,--,-TM',:...r.......W ,I,A1.h..tkhi'zt.,;•.4: . -it;;; :q "••••*11i, ''-i71,'..-'-''.I- •.; +.1-e4„.• .•• ..-•,,,i•J'''--4•4 ..f ' •,.,' •,'ft gr• m•.
.:.11
■ . .1. pa.,....V ,;„..,--..1.,,,,,,.. -_,_ - va..TF-41•1;,.: '''T'•••; •-;;7"...., ..rr''......;;-....1,41"- -:./M`F .'-,'; . --'.
',1 ',., VW'-;Tav ...-,1,..:t.....:. 1,..---.- ..,"5„,.‘,.•,• ••.)..,01• ,s.t. ifio 1•1'70,r-:;..eeil,,,A..,vr.4,e. .e•••441;, .,.. ,akEntki
'-,. - i .. .-.-„.-..",,,--i-%.„.4 ,, ir r-s; ," -,._^'• ir, 4.:7-,32•,=•:,,,,-' F.i: • c , . 1
4 .,' .11,",t3''' .., • raTil 1 • •'' - . •'','Ci-°'.4.-' 'WIZ. .+4 g r 4 1' ft 6 ')::-...' '''Ic,7**11SZLO'7.. - •---"7721“
, 1., ri -7,,,,-.7....,tWi' '---.7°*--rr'St',....cp- .---..11-dM4;4P'.2',-,.,,t7---1:7-4, „..,ip"71.,,- ---_1,_,-t--"P.rf...,,,-L-E' ri h..'"w'i•!-...;.:-,1k"F.-- r.' •-Ti. .I.:••••1* ,,:;..j.. ;*1.1." 41
Arl'It'-''`- - L.;,....7 -...,- ri...4.,4;:777,1. Lioditti ;.7g4 =,
r , .., -....„.- ilti,:01. t:....„.t,1.i... p.,. . i„,,,, . ge.„.0. ,. rii . ,. .1.-.,•-?.F..-.„.1/4. .,..7.,..._,,A... ,-....•_,,..
1
)-'''....1.:-?....--' -.„...,,A1-i-.:.14-.w'•..,ii....i.,.' * 5---sit.:771,:"9,3341..` • j-jr irp''. 'IL....Virk...,.., ,,,. ......1, eij el. ..:,-12.-:!..•:e..: .ak..4.!:*;••••"1"--W---•
' - • ! .--'• fi'it. ••r•$'=f•• •.' '• gr.:,
• '.'''' ':.F11;:e..".fht--.4''; ' 114.514_, ':trYtA•Ir7''''.": 14..„11., .-'.:,,.,,,,,,,-,ia-s:6;•.,,,,--7.- -:*,..,TifizEk-r..--7 ••• it,• ,,,,,, -_,....- . :•.:
I k.- ;-•gf-.7., z, •;- .1 .-,...ft.t ... t 1 ,;', r ,-;i.e--‘ .. L ,-.4'-'x'--.'"'- •i•
I: ' -•-',•:- "--f17 • -,,-,...,• -.T.-T.7p. '-f. " ;.-- 5 ..J!:'1; I.•'.t•.-- 't7,-----ir.-!. '!"
,-•,, ,,,=•-- :•%,,,,-T ,.•. .1i . ..1.... l.. :...k_.: z.,,,,,--'%-, li.., i f,,,_. .;..-:..1:14
._ ..,,. -?-•-,, ... ,.,.... ,.4:-.1, . h .J. .:
1 , .: 1,. .4,, ,:y.. g, •f •h` ' -,,,i, 6,Kt, rilr. ,...........-.....^4
.... ..T; • fa,. c • CR p , i •.., 1 a . c,'.. .,„th.ts
t 1 • • .3; .'..!'t,icp •- 'di: rAal'm- I..' lIr+...)--.7I'r.11. •••'-' "H• ' .
1
ir,'.' •%,:..,,.;:: -.„., •-....„,.,, ,., . -7 . ;. ;*v- iti, •--r 4,im,, „.1•Skit : ,L 1...•
. .
:. re., ....,•IL,...e.•h.L 4.4
A - ....'"--i--hz:0-•
g 1, '...,,,.,;-' •-.1C,-,,,,,a
i . 2 -44;:...-,--- 1 :•:kir--;
....?4,..... f21^'?„,`",.--: 45104:. ' ..•' 1 „,"
Ww"'.1 • - ••*.141r.. "
: ....I.,'...,_..-.• . •••„,......,-.-.-1, •. I -0 , .
• h,.'...'•-t,':Or t. .,4'; efi...,-.*: ; .. : E..,...Z'.-- g •re .4-; '4;7-sw.,-,--ia4, . III. ,-.A.Vi.'.. ''''.. -'":1".,:: ".'t''T•'''''':':'VrT "'''.-- .c''' '''277'1
'' I 's '' s. - . 1. 0,..41 IFF1-41- ..-II .--'1 ''''--, ,, ,a ::-.. -••il.v..,, .,,,,, 's... 0.--th!!co • ' i $
• !' - .W!"1-1 .1.- .Ko 1: 1-...; ..... r•'...11, 1 a •or,,,.. -.,„,.., [ii . ....tr:. . 1 ....4 ,,,,,,,.. '1.1-W'.?, ;:...,.: . I.._ . ti
•
..1
r4''7'''''g• --i •••• '• 1 * ' • - L• • --';''..e. 1••■ „.,_,,s.• •--E„,• J IF I
, ' .ict• 1 Ct.;',-;",•173 F:-.1 r's - . ----.-- •--- ' -- - i
.. 11.1::..... .....,F,,,....".18 :fi, - T.:„,-......,..-- ..., .. . ,-..., ,t 1• ,,,.. .,..,, .. .,...„.-..... , ,, . • ,..-.-- •„.., .,,,.;,:-.0, ',1'-&i1::: 1
, e- :,..,,.4 ..p. .4r.!: ; -,,',.'"'"..."' '?..i..-h•-: :".':;,'..till ,: 3.,,4,-.;,.1.... .;• ... • .. •- 44151,1■.--7 .1,1, • ' .
..1,-,--'.I....,- iv, ■-. 1.:.,J..r., ;;,'• .
. . .19.;._ 1--,-.4-'''' •i' •• i . ' r- "-' 1 w-
.....4.,„... - _..,.. •:-&-.. ,-•,17 , =•.,1-i. 1111F.it,..y.'..
..... 1 , .. . •_ xr.:, 1
• i • g , • •e- •-v it•It g -• '''''gt• = '•• ,2"- 1`4""Lirc'O'
i t ' t•'• ti 't,.. ...11 (.-- - • 9.. ' :`.1.• ''•:::=:-.: • • r i :, _,„., ,0.;:: ;;• td:.;; 1,.:•.. ;. ; r.„
...• ti• i, 1 t ..- :ig• !---m-. ji-AA,. .. I, . ,„. _, •-, - --- 11 ',t .',Ii. ' ..'„.. F7 .;-. •'Eil,` L 1
: h„,, i.,,,..„„,,s. ;•• „,..„.. ,,t,.• , .„.,.....,...,....,._,..,,,ir 1_,1.:,,..... ...„.... •••-•- ,,,.,...i t.„,.., :.• ez,. / E....,......; ...
„• ,. .404.„ I-. ii.:,..:;,.. •_ti ..,... .. ,.. 1
„...1 -,,., : ,ri••••,,,,,r ..........„4.:,• ,-----N .1 i.a.:„..._....„;,,Lii,04,111....• . .g.
0,1' .„4-, „ ,1„q....1, -...1-_i.em•-•"47 .1; it'''' : 1:-•-•••-. i ' .„.47 ' •' 1 •fs -.a,.. •, ....,,,--- •,....,„,- ,,.-,1--- --L--r.-1.p.,..-•,...-i:•..,
. -, .. L„.,,,,,,,--
...
i. ' - • . ••
.1 pa'".. ;--Fd.,-, -3 :1:',2 .:".... ...... 1 '''. - 'illICI. -.:. V "'-'''r -Flis' 1..
1 .-.• :',4,,:ze.,.... ...7.1.4.z,.•4., !,, . , - •. ^ ' - ; •• -
_.4 ,..r.;••1-- i"‘-,e."--,,-.4
.
. :,Ij ,., ..4!• .,-Joi„.,,r 1, 1 1.4.'"itiT,...1-4.,.. .,,,g; 14..k'. I itiq'n•':...*...r.1)..16, 1/41.;:Its .''''".\• ,,,ilitiH„,;;;.....,..1,„.4:,..- ,;,..,, „,e,,,,",.,•.; 1, ./. ,
t",r•I .. t .4 .
I 1..‘".510-7- ,'"-N,ifi5,'g,• ' ,,
,...e 4., ;:.R..; .3.•
; I. ,„ ' . •*.i.^^",slu.' r. '..;' ..fistb:.L••••/VP1' . )4_,_.''.';",y;"''.4 ''' iv--"I'''-'7-'". *.'-'1.-...:*'7.7....1',., ..-.7.1-11 1.r. r
,. .. . ....,. : ,.,....1 .4., ,. . ...I
1:6,,,,,. ,,,,i,:,,.• „id., . •••,-. 1...",I I, ' k5. • ''''ilr:rtc.Stpcw.„'IVi.c4Cr.A " ."-..,•"."'"--7, cs.....•',ISO I 1, „It, IT,
. .., , .,, .„
11'1.''.•IA
L'i • ! 7.-..,r- •i ;„,.--. ,,..,,,,- , ..• ,;..., i,,...k.,,, L.,.• ,....„.... ,i-.- 6 :-.,,,, • ..,• a.„ .,_ .,,•• .. ,,-,-,!......a;••ii.
' ''.,P '.,:j' ''',1 - 'h If'' :' ifi'-'4- i' ......a-11 -.. '..t-r,.11 I. 1,'!.... =1 '''I'r-•'•••--- ; ''--f.
.. ! , •s,.,...„ . ..• . :.:1`ir 1114"1' ,;•':,..2,. .: '' r. :,..4 • ,1 .e... ira,i7 =1.1..L._ ....,;,.. ,........1,-
,r„: ,.. - (-r.,,, V j .y 11 :. -,.,f. ...,,L, . ... ,....:,4141; 'ttilP.1,-----,•'L.-- ..' . , ..,.. -••••. . ,,,.. ...
. ., .1.L....i.'`
:.,„_,.._..........,,:-...„,........ • - ,,--.... , 9.• 19. y.-1_ hr'''':'"^"s-r.4., •1111"! • .,....„,ti i
_:...„,....,-„,...„„4„._..
: 1!•.• • "5'..-;-' 'A. . ' L"'.-''44 1 -' ,,,,-...".-,.:' .,.• / ..,---,•'-'1:1:Al. Liir":'.,..1.74.,..11-1• .1;4.1/4,-.9L g,cc il.,c a,2 4 IL.'.,c C..'-k l•.•:i:.'-''7:: -11...r;"91'-'-'cie,"':•,FIF..i
1 S1-st--,;;;',,. v..1'-;-.KV:',J, ',,i- .•;,.4• i; . ,5ii.-1 r-• ••• 0 ... •• •‘,..,-•••• 'iti, ..4 ..........n.i.#1 7..,,•,ri.,„.,1,..!../.77-r-,-,,
i I:, • f..c-r; 1 g i';',.,,:.•:.- •.-....',,. .-: ,,,,t „„....,,..-•11,;,..„,,cr.....,Gr,•
i khl ;*--. •..Pf..e.,:%';.......'-','.5! 1:. -aa 1..-,=',•,-tP- ( git ,IIN_1:..4 g.i ; r;:61;"' ', 1 ,tt j, •1.1iL,r .
rsrift,:ir,.• .:•4•' ,-..40,. .,,„.•'4,174 fig ' -...., e, i„,„,„.Is .-•. a.,,,,, .C. HI i
-....-,A .,,,,,,,.-• '' ,...-w.•.-.•.'t !,........ ..."...q4,2••,•I. r.77'1'.'-
•1 "'t
, , 411.• r-. .•,.....
tr.. . .., :,. r
. it... % „
.•;,4;i-I h..J..: ' - eu:''.-4.-i'l",'°, r'.fr-k1;, ,..7-""•::.•?,;;;- :-.4•';'",r' 'twl--,
i ja#...Antl,
T. 17.1144,A;r7•1-;,Pirl,;7.4,,„,,,,,,h-r, 1 :sts.zaixaik- ,,.. . -,..:.',. ."'''. ..1,1 •• ,..: ..r - iii,;,,,A.1.... ;;;:•;,;;,, -:!4;:..;,.'1.,.1
•-• `41"411L
I • '.... fia..........gi.:4411"- i ' .9"'.J.rt; . ..4.-51 .
i,„;„ :.„•:.::u. . .;,,,,,,,., , . ...„:„,
7.4P'' ":.* '' •--r,!' 1
1 : - .. •.,-••-•'...J--4 . -....7-li . r•O''.X,''1 1 1 I,,,„, 1 '''''••"""•-•••'1 'Arne" ■• ql:c'a:::1 at g•t''I'
;r.b.: --r.""tt..,-,„ :414. ,; 1 ,--;-•trsr;. •„ai.,41.3
-vrti ••q..
....1 . .„. „,1,4ti•...,„„e. p i-r .,,•4"... •
.. .. . I,.
, ....-gel,,p,elt,,* 4.-7,-..•L",,,A1M-.-..-- .!•,",•'•„1 1 .7,.;,.Iv.. h- ".
I '''' '1', .c•11”AV.2.• .1.,?itil.... .. .i : 't•
• 7 i
i Ili 1,41/it, •••;,...As.7"1,..S1g...0,4i..:?T''.---ct42'"'WA!'...%..,,,,,A2 i ItP• .c.n.1,,,,,,,,,,...1 *‘-•41NL'.4'4r*.--,...".•.;.%41 I .4".•••'"'',:;:::T•-tr.' .1)1V1.1:!r111:"..:,46r."4. 2,-..1th ! ' eLIP•47-'41• PY.:•Ar.' .•*1.
: I t.",.. •C.'• '1..•‘••P‘11- I:::• i' ht,....,,,,cut Jfc 0,•",, • ic ..„r 4. 0. • .i ill;:::: :.0,.. ....Le...4- -,:e40-!,... 1:..1f,j.
: „." .-,1 it,. .:;: '::!..-ai;g; 1 • I I.Al•. 1.1.1 -••1 .1,..iii,m4rict•t''.;;,,,,,--- '. 1. c-IN, '',"1-0 1'.; • ' c .r",.:1,•'1.,''•r:I.r‘,.... .:
, : .,.:• .C,•",a1-1, 71..,:r IN'' 1,,.. Iftz '. t.g..,-...'"r.JP ,. 1,7„ ? 4r-....,.. Apill:t V''k ra, A .,,,,.• ■11%1 • , i",•.,
11. i.„.0.1'13 ,••••.,...4!!, 7.;,.7n,j, ..1,•-ru,,, .. , • ..,.....r,-Ira ,,,,. g "Ir-,,„1.4v.s.4 r. ..,..A. ThEla:..,.-. .. ..',.. a.' I
. I ..... . -14. 1,*.1"11q. r DIET-thit,,,, to:- ' Y..f.-'...ill lc.-- ...-E--,77t.'---;..%,-.-- ------------wigaiiii ,-.--,.., ..,,,,......,.t^.''':•^ i''
. . . :- '' .,'.-1:79'..‘---•-• 1-•------.7'...airana -":--; ......2,:pgrgampirmumsuRia'.-....-_-" ' "7•- ' '' '''' ' .- ' "' -."'"I
...
. ;
, . . 7:-.. 11......,:,........••1
I !
, --:...... .
' • 1._
-- -.. - --...-. •• • ..• • .
rep --• 7. - 11 1 ' .
....,..... .,...... •.
..,,,,,.4...... .,,...q.,:::-•-•.•„:3,.!. ... p coati- 2onfilig Att
' • ...in• . , datents- ,
tviAna._iiita1441"
i '.,.,1 ! -ii--, .. ....,.14• •
12•LIV'Isl.':::-:,-,-......-',C-ic., ••.•:•-'
I_ •-' •r; LOgagt•• • 4:
: a „.. _ ; ••• • . .. „
i , t• • 1
•; • .,,,,ir., .. ..4. ....• , J.
1 .1M Ex. .11_,,... ,;.,. • .1 1 . ti
a
li'-iits.• • ..•Itrge-Igi •na•-' '71' la' .
3
if.':-.4,44A: ' • • ' ,
' pi p3.4. -'•'''''''''70-2 ,..7...-",ti I. . i . '
1 p u13:::7-4 trtIlapcs.i.., 4:I 1:::,:..,, ..114.• _ •IFI-ElErri• 11I--7-114p,hatii• •4,1.-
,..cie.,.. .,
I I hilt: '1 ' air::.h. ',.P ffliffgekal§rk0.1 It -.7:-1.
it
".
-' 1
•'. r or:.:. t Tt,..41. ''''"..-g,:,,,-.1.A - - • •Vimstitiq' . , .-, ,, ,, •
;
.•fkk. -,„,..-.';-•--E..--.,,.
4.,-.•7-- -,,,-,TE.c."-c_liniP,,,..:.,=--,--!, : .
:721.• •A. ...... . .16.111., ,• 1 p......hr4ivalf4.100.1kF-4;:r4t:OwspArg• eri.,,T,,,,,... ... „.......,. ..,...,_,...•;,._ ,
v.,,.....i.k. ...4,F..,..*..„.f.„.,-„,„--.1„_............:1,,..,,.. ...-3,...,i
• ° ' -:.r.:!---&.-i_-;:, 611-- 1
•-. l• ":: ,..1-1 1 i
---
, _.......:,.._......._._ .....c.....__._.:___._._.._._..__.._......_ . .
.. . . ... ___ _ .:;,.,,;•*:..,-- -..--#41e4.•ii.=:-..-- 11 :
._ .
i . .
]
•
55
.._______.---,------.. .r.....i::,... .... .--....:q..e....-7fgr,..7n,.!et....*,-. 1
-.-
,•-• .,,,,,,,, .„,.„...._ .h..,......-...: •■L•■'.t._-- ...ttn.-..;. • •
,.....oss.,,,,„.rirkz,..-v..e.....i......,..,?.",'„u.7..,4*11;;;;.„. . -,L.,.,..„...-,-..•,.-. 4,,....04..-",;p:.-;.,,•;..7.77...,
1 "•,fr --Zt,,, 41' • g"'Ima?.14=-WFtl,4411-1g.i-''=---7-4-'-'14:1:0!5•74:19 .-V•=z' ,irig..-,=-:. i -7-A'lk" '-•
tz- '. 1rt'E.1-ri'• • ' t'e'.4.7i*E7-4, .. '--'.'' ...KM, " •,. 4.*!.,,''..4 TR VI;,T•..', ; -72. ..,,,,T*R7t1.-,,,' i„,,,m11.). ",'Prz,V..=..0,,•'.-"'...47,54;4,,r11,774-'77'41r.2_Fi,...*4'.."-1..i..F
.g,--,1,,,ur 0 i:01,*r.''7. • •.-7:'.ifi.,:." -.:r.-.-&„..,0, .-..•:,,;.„-;.....„.,:.. .:N.,...4,,-;,.. ..:.. .. _ 21"..kfip''.*-7•-•.•:....,0" -*; .'(''''''''
- • 7...I,.?,,.„, Aln.1.2t.t-... .9....7.; .. A•_e_ 'A A Ar.1T40.74-Mg.. .... -_-...z..... ..0,_ ;Te: .--.. .. , f••••;,•:••■. .-
',.. .......r9W '-pii.jewatlal, : , -: 4 •ht.,4 Rk. -.•„;-_.-i ,-,..IN.1-4,...• l'.:Wra-filfi..s",-.0 apP.i.;--4.1142.V1.1-,L4H -2.4.1.rag .il.:-.•...•leflA
__, „,,,, ..,%.,...---1,Tri. ,•:,,..
„! -....1.: z,,,,,,..2:4 , ..,". .1-* '-'), :-- -'' I.,,,w4., - s--„,-....Iti„,,.,:f .l."t„Anst:07,4,E4-1,-,111,.. . -1. • -• , •
.... ::„..... ...4....,.T n...-...4,.., , if •••• -.- . -iii •--.--mt•-,n-,---,-. ...,15 - -I:,4 s'wf•.,:t.st,..4';-:,-. 7::.,..04,•:• 0.- ''-'a.til •.
' :'1-: . tall,firsr.. .i ..t.zg'.2.4 -tailxm,, --s-- .,,,,Ims.z.m.44gitg.iN . .'r- r . ::i . I
3 u 111,-.. -1.:: ,,. ..=,,...,,,4.. .14 1 . colt r.,.,,, jr, ._,.mfigtru.., ,_._.,.. . ..---.-..44.:::,,,,mrvi ?i .,.% - ;,„..... "P'''1
....,.1_,' _.:.,...._ ... . --:'q :'. ••4':W.;,03.,a • -' :■••;;,-triA.0.,... '''.',.4;'P. -t,I.ii.,•a: .111'- ;;),Ta r. -.....-..7-.1.-:-.0.4.. --,,6----.., ...:::,..”.' 7
'-.7.7-7''''.*:1,2':,,. .. „.....,-;-_-:,...74-,...3,ti ,..„..,,.7.,H,.,4.,,ZR.v.:.., .-.,..-iilv .•: :-7'*. .. ...I.,-,,,,,,*-...p.$_-,A74410-:2:.--- •.7^ ..:: .1
...•.47..74.T.7"pg..... ., `..41c.:41,..-- '5.7.,-.,11Vt14'.:•:-..;',••;-.:.•-: ..?...*,......1.._., .;, , ..,,1,...ukg Fcr...: 1 :: :•'!....' l'
1■:i:6:4::'.. . :41.- 1-'•:...-••*:•,.,4 r.....64,.., . I. .. .i.',t...17:-' _.i.,1-..47-141 ' F...„,a4.4 fAtz:,..-„,--6,--4-.mo, .;•..- .., ,
‘,....
:. ...,...._:,,,,.i - k 1 .. gi_.: .. . ,_,...,•;,. ..:.,5-.-0,--._:.,,,,,,,,,,,,
• 4,,,.-,':,„it 4 ki -'Ifatc ::.--':: :'-• ' "41/4, - ,.. -...1c75',A*71.1'---4.--W-,,s,,C: ' !..4--...In.,. . • ..';,."
.11.4-1,....! '.t."-::', :. ,-4.. -.. .---:.= •7 r,,, .-;i-...,,-,-,.,.. . .. .,,,,,e,4„.,, _,...1,-4....0-,..4-_, $1,,,i,0.•-dJ•14.....,:i1.11„,--,„_-w.,._-,riittig.F.::_,IF,- .•:.:V.-,'LlwIsE-44.tr-Et-• ,,:.
.... ..., -IVA.wE ,A.53fr251t ..-.f-r. ......1 4 ..... ..„.._,,,,,,,%... ,,,..:*%_ds..• .t.,..-.4,- s-P- "ks- .0,'-'.,,,---ktv,k,,,,',...14.,,tt--m-1---.,w.70. .*...',-r ,.... ,...- I.,.,.
.• • r.„.:..._,, •-v,r,..Ab,.4.1... , ez.. ... .4 ....... , - ...,,v.,,. .. .....„.. „,,,,,_ . .,,,:TO,'' 115.4r.-.1 •Z., ,...x9r.44: r.I.La-ft: . •-...;• .-• r'1r
•'""'""'-'0,-•-•,. ..•st 4,, '''' jWter'''.' 0.,'.'.•.1 . -X. -1,4,.';'..1,,',.,),IiL2„,.„,,,,,,,;,,V44K-Atl-•,.,.154.ra.rA, 44,..•.:...,:- ,
t.....,...4,4.4...1-,. _ V Vic -.2- 1 , , '; .*•IV v rt..*:. ..... . . .....7kit"2„...„: . air,• ,,,,..,„ t.4.,5 A I .17-..pc.4.„Vit., , ,,V.P.N;414,..0.„ ,• '' ..,00,. 1,,,'.'eN•lriti'm 1
•'&71411'n'' ., Es.'''1..7 7.:•-....irik44:,• ,j±,:lr'n"••• ...,. .;:-.-......•..,:,.....T1--...7."7"-7.--,-51.!.*,---='.!-.....----.4,-...,-..-4:,==.--4.-.:.,FG.--,Tri . -...s.....:'.•. : :IMF .'
':"7'.. '-' l' ''''"...,:-..---',....2 ' ' -z•-•-----:=----..----,-••,7.4-r.-. 7. ,-4s,,ks,,_ ,-:'..z.•'.=.?.i..Ta,-,,.. „0,7...k,s.,11,,,...,-,:m.,... .,.... ..,.. !.
... ,
. ,..-"--- ,,.-.m....,.... -,.......,,,-...___-il
..-U II-- ....,,10F'•.“- •; .1 • -.7- . 1.7 'ti,,• 1 tz..,,iit, 2,--iirni .1 h-'!,.',,k,-•", - ". -prii'443,4'...,-- - - ..'.f.f,l'a....•-.t.. .
r •;.II, ; -4,..",:•.• , i, .1 -.'. •,:ie- r r''.: :' ' -'....'.1:.=., i,*,''''•.,;IAEA t,,,,.:,,, ,..„ ,. ,h;.,0„....•.,%.i.
. .
...i.'• ., li V ',..: -•-- ,^.t■■•..pq •'
.4- .1,„ ..,, ., • - - •..-_,,:,. , till.,-,.; - •..... ,-• -,,,,,,,t,:: 1',I, If•T'q 1 'f-,•.411.. .4::' !
1•: _ ,,,Of t,, . ., ,----T:t• ;,, /._ „,.., .-:c.,.."",..,-:„... •-,... .,...-, ,,g.,,F..-.4... .. 4.1
1::,,,,7•4::!•,r ,, .i,X:::?/r,...47,,,..,2.1„..1,
r '.f ..„,:t.. ....._ ,i.,..4. p: , ,, ., •.h, . .-,L. , ..• . . 1.4.
• "'"i""'''' '11. .. ,.'* ' 9:-..'';I:,Ig.'1..."---4-.0::',,Tr,,,;T;•,,i4RVI:!. :: • ''4, ., .:f;'.0...:'''ity 1
fr.
.•14 1e '
. :-'• I , ;1.' 7 ., ;.•1';i• . ,rp77°"-,,,,..4:4,4ii•'•••;.- ,,., ,..4.-,, lii .1 cst,tg: !.,.-...:-. ir,.• „,,,,,,,e01:.,:„.„1,,,,,-.,..
.1,4_,, qty.- , .,_ .., r.
".*"r .. L
.,.ri •
. " "ly •• .:,..-2•• , 1-.4,1•,,,,,,,,•,...17.1,14,47. :::,_ 4.4=i---4p,...16V.-, .,..... s,•',,;/t- ',-.,--.-m-ef- ')
..d.. i,-,Es'-:_,:v. pi r.. ; ---;;;;,, p.n., IL iii.,...”,.r.,,,,-,.,.,,,,..2.--4,......t..-,.....g.. si,...,,,F..,, 1 1 i ,. O.%-.a-A..' 4_r•-r.:__H. -:-.-;17.:3, :• I 1"-----,;_•:i
fill•,;± .''m:t, ,F.T.ci 'elk 2•-.67,i Ell 4 r ee.•,.'t....;;;,943S14L-1,, _t:..-.1:-• ...... --k...-N• l',‘',I ,;.,.. ., 11 z '.17.41,
1
.,,''''"-t, t'.-="' , ;.a; rg:::4...4..-1,..h-f,•.- .Niut-,...:-.1:: 1 ., ii.,-:e.,...z,-.--Ediep.• ir• 1
--''' ,i'•-........1"14:-. .-4,11•••,''",:r-lr-'..„1.')'.:t.47,..:-,--1:7,--""-- slq-. -,..---...•:::••••'...„.„-:.::: ,.: ;;./:.67,---1-.' '''re2.---5-i. -4'1 ,s1..
lari i
'.442.- . il. •i,,. - it ,.••-viz • .:,'..7 •- '";..-_, 1 12,t."44... . ,. "C.':.!, :
t t' •:;41. if,- .1,..,,,,;•,t,v,• .4. ..;;.,„4,....,,, Pe014,4.-* ,,''I'' ''''4",,,..IT''.:7*.:-'..--7,..„,7.. grire., ..:..•-^7."::r2,-../ . .0-
'.. ‘I■
e ... .:
/ •
r rr."F4i ,
'7
L..:.,....1,
1
'fi j 11 :v.,:::::te.- ..,V,. II'
ji j t 4:x.:iitr-1 0.-:' lt4'7•,..t.s: fit'.e'eu - ,r,:i.:... T T.:.73.....,..5 •--i, ..,:r., I,:,N,,...;-:.:s-2,,,,;,,Y,,:Ix.,,,;1•., _. , vi 4
1 l'•
.It *L-.:Vik,k-nt:30)--.4-`,..3. ..:.'', 4 1 'i'......' III,:,.1,..,..,,. ..,,i...,:;,4.,,..,;,,,...4 k,,;,/ ,,t,'.,11 %•....
,xv 1 41-, s .: 4. ' 4 'F•1 '*ti.41 ,...,,,'-..•-,--Tri„' ,Trq.i's' II ii,41:.,,75. ''.i', t:„,,,,rl.;.,,,,I .-t
'.1--,-,,,,,,-:••;virf--- :-,-----Py.rtr '',L",,71'*IF-",pt-ig 41:3,41 ;Li..M'Y'..,,,..-hr-.-4:*, :.: P '-11::. -_1....4. _te 1_ ' ..---7:--__.'e' .....;:_---tg . . I-, •7 ;
ili,, ,, A -'',,,f...k•iF.4' 4 ' 1L-..--2- ..:,`,.2. ....4..77. -......---....=._,,z.z•...-4*/--rt--.....-...T...,,-.470-15into.reir.:: ,r.,,,,1:-),...:11t, L,..... .,,-3',...4.4;''''4'1:-..7,10.11-/ 1§,,,•4-.'
_ht.....i'fir.*•4, '1-11.3:.i..."1"ner.NE 1 ,,, t.:Wal7.: r,...., .i'is, i''ky'P''--'",;,* .#111..' ','....Pi: ;11 1:1
1' „Ili(1:-*---:r•,:...;! i 6,--,-• .• - • ,. • e:.v. t.. ---.._ • ••••••.---Pwlwil--•:•-,„,;... ,it-::L. =1:5
. ;,...:,.4.,.,, .,t
-,,,,, n., . • •., ..c.:.1:-A,-----•-.....N -i.lf,, --. 1, i ., -. •- ---... -.-3,, •- -,1
,i,,•,'- .,,,,.;.1;4;1 'i";''.. I.-% . ' P.' V.. '• ' H..' 1 • * L•orr° •' • > '"--''''IT,
g ITE:,...... ' . ,-,V.,-• ....r: ,....Fil°""t1 RP....-411,;•-,l'u_ 11.1"I i 0 b°1 ...,,`,4: 4 ':; ,1 t1;;11 It'
....I. 5 § '-' . 4.'.."..*
: .,....j.'-i 1 ..-- ...,,,i.''''.. !•fr ,- L •S'a g•y..“-..,i. P•• :1 r----■ _.:. i'. '1,..,...4 !,k , g.../..';.1i:1..• ,.., ,. ,.,,• ..4%
;'..: "..1:-.4.,ig 1..,,•P:d a-, 1 : RirF.k.q!""irt,,. lit,''.1....,-1 7.1 1...;,:;,...*1 fr4..-- . '.• -:
.4 :::t
'F... .it I re:- 1 --,:,.... .. • ,,''''''.'• T.,i.::' .-4Z4,4 :•.:: _?' S''' r,-.... - .-.I. : ,;7P.,....„ ,.-:;;1
! •,°' .
.,;. ...,.!..,7,,i., ..a.,..47..„,..ym....• 1, j,,,i., ....4..K., , •t„ .,:„ g: .if s,_ ...,...,4,1. '.. ..•
'•3 '''''' • •4 g 1.' `,ti. ° ?.1,,e: ,"4:-.1:',:' •
'•-'q''''''''''I - 4.,:. ........ ••'19,,Pr• • -7, l',4 '''''',,,.. 1,71447; .•-!' .'-,„_31 . •'.--_,.: -'1..? , , t'g.4.25:26)1 i'' ' - .: ' , ' I ,
; .h.,.tiTti.:__al:L..---- . 4, %y_dir,,,,,,lit,-5 : ,,.,...4,-.."til, j ..:."r...,;. ,.k..-,,ir.„,„"-1141,11.?-** •--"•;t, ! j_...,,,..1,,, ( ., ,-:- t 1;.!..., . '`.ei.-i•t
1
: ' ..*.ig.N...-! ..V. ,i E.*'''4. . , ". 4,4 .1 i- •ii,:.E.•• ,P'" R4P jr• , 14 • it..••--.•:v''''-o i.k.• ''. I,' ',I..- •.•. .. 4,,,,i'fl,''0°7- i,.: 1 \-I
Itr'"•'1, P I.,-c. -....i' • : ',..di, :,,1.. -'""..'77. . I ' -,'I
/
I: tf,'`',W,P, ,i N,11.1...ir ;.r. ri, 1.• `-. 1,1, ''-- :113,''''Ml 7rItc;: _•,..'"•-•-7-e-r.7-i,- ;,,,,,,;...7.-1,*•;-'1- If---'1;"'D•-,-; ,u.72',k'.„k,,, -' -;:i* ,, E....*.• .1 pz.- ,
4:1'F'm" EA-IL,ki-q.7!„'-•qq ' I -1,„La:: r:•11: ."'""1-.,'' - 1 l''..5 1 '';--'w'''''--- ,-I'''''1, „A i ..Y2-,..-- 0 1_, .,,.,..t,'..;,11 .
. .- -- .•!••• - P I Ck.1-4/16 '-'""a" I, •'4::••; VIza4-1 hAg,.* If ;'..:4 il ... ,.,11.-,,,, iE:11,L,LI .,..), -grig.,:yn,-.7.,,,,,., r--'.."n'El' p.i.. -I
fil te,''...,t'Y-•1 4.„..1,,......4, . • . --,.-. 1 Fa ,-.. 11. ',:i-..f ...: .L.„--4 r'1 .4j,..)-E. ',4 IP-k. .,,'-s' %.,-•Fr') ..1;."-'iq:t .ri J ' •fikvu :;,
,,,:. , ,: . :.,;, , .= 1,=.5,9.......1 u t: u■ .•.0-ko,;.,f.1 -....::...: ...::•••■.,,,i,--.,:-.4. •..,.....-::-%, iry ft. 1 'i :.;,.'I
! --..; r 4miLa. 1. ,.. ',10_____„..br:-4:4,t,trai;•J‘..._•.-.--.a.,' li•:f, :a IA A ,•-:-.;,,:we-.•-!;.--;-'4...;.'•.'• • "".'rev -,..'.'.., .," •'? 0 a! .. 'Y ' • 'R,
. .
:f-- '' ' '`-`:".'-: .L..;7.•:. i rfl'In 5, .";',4.11-t7:•1'- "_-_,.A 6 41 -. - .:-T,-‘6,9ii.r.:.•-.,.......teh..,
,.,4.. "I''• '1' . . ' •• L .-;. - I -....Aga ... ri , Ca It *1Y -..,;16•• 1 ..• . ..,..,.. • •. ::. 7 , , • a 1
-- •.,,. . or. ^40,1,-,- -A.1...,,,,%-.., '--..k.• - •-r-i- • - - .''----- ' - - - - - ••••k, ,. t- ,, • .1 .r.,
- 1 - ' s.is..t..n‘s - .._
7.-7„KS .,.......iv:r,!!• SELIME 2...,....,--- al15- 13 - ' '7! - -'el' '-."'""----"-- .... 1
:.' t •-y---T:
• • -i • . . . . ,
alien i . ,
, : ,
- _..... -. -
.1.,-..
I proposed Zoirlittlg.., ,_. ._ „ . ....... _.. .: .,.. , .
••••' - . . -*- "' • ...':-. L"-- 'Atlas A ,
---dments- '
`,.
i * :I Flia".411 2...r'...:;:,:?:4'.. • 1
. e
1 ASV :- ' ".1- EtirTh-lrffi7:bitill. '..NY.: 'Irlis---* -Elie's. :'.1ftCtia-trgRod rilimd Arta f6Ft114.)
1 .t v. - ,• .."?: If .-
Ldi • .
,f p ,i, . ,i•
-..
Mliglig- - - ,. . "7.-- IP W. It l'' •
11.;: 111111 ,':.....,, ,1
•...;t ; . -..... -
14- girtx-Ao..tParr.-.-FF.; . .
... . . _
al •
Iik._.. ...T . - 41.4,--71.• --
, . ..
.
, .:..i...,.;..i,.7!-.j.t...I.-F.--...-:2i...; '..7
Ai„,...„..t.i.
:. ..--• w.,1,41. - .•
.,..,... ...,..,,..,.. ,..,..,._ . t .. .
t..........iii4.FRpr,a,,..,I _ _,..p •..--,,ii--&-f--,ch,..g.,..-;',4.,-- ,-,.rl-h--.:-E.,7,-..r.,:-0:15-,--4 *-.r.,... ,-;
•.... . .
r.'''.;.74.-t-+tr.,-,FrIpF•it.,-7=if, ,,,7-3. ,
j
- i.....F-14.!..4.1 g.:FlItttia-1.,4C4W4:
I - ' .
.11. 1. 1 .1 . ...,
......_-_ .
__ _
• ....._______......
C3� ffino-cr-
ec
Kristine M. Herfkens, Ph.D.
Betty Rider, PA CHE
4738 old Lake Trail
Hillsborough, NC 27278
February 21, 2009
Ladies and Gentlemen:
As owner/occupants of property adjoining Lake Orange we are unable to attend the public
hearing on February 23td and are taking this opportunity to comment Agenda Item C-1 related to
Subdivision Regulations, Zoning Ordinance and Atlas Amendments. Specifically it relates to a
new Zoning overlay District and incorporation of flood protection standards.
it is unclear from the "dear homeowner" letter received by regular mail or from our reading the
published agenda and attachments whether or not our property is affected. po date, rthe as
been no sign concerning the proposed action.posted in the vicinity of our prerty. Since
relevant 615 and 620 elevations are significant components of the proposed actions, we are, at
minimum, and without question, interested parties.
C7 ft reconcile
it is imperative that the Board of Commissioners appoint a special commi ee to rec n i e
differences that might exist between the goals of the amended ordinances an * d the rights of Lake
Orange landowners to freely access the lake, enjoy its recreational benefits, and to create a
uniform understanding among the affected property owners, interested other parties, and
regulatory authorities. The only real consensus is the data desci-iblng the 615 and 620
elevations is inaccurate and/or inconsistent.
While we 'support reasonable and, responsible regulations, the more prudent action would be to
first accurately determine the benchmark elevation -in order to reach a uniform understanding of
necessary regulations. This is particularly important to owners of affected property at or
adjacent to Lake Orange because, absent an accurate benchmark elevation, regulation will
continue to be misunderstood and I inconsistent, thus puffing the . county and property owners at
further risk.
Thank you for your consideration. - *
Kris Herfkens Betty Rider
56
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21.
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
.29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
Attachment 4 5 7
EXCERPT FROM DRAFT FEBRUARY 235 2009
QUARTERLY PUBLIC HEARING MINUTES
DRAFT DRAFT
MINUTES
ORANGE COUNTY BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
ORANGE COUNTY PLANNING BOARD
QUARTERLY PUBLIC HEARING
February 23, 2009
7:30.p.m.
The Orange County Board of Commissioners and the* Orange County Planning Board
met for a Quarterly Public Hearing continuation meeting on Monday, February 23, 2009 at 7:30
p.m. at the Central Orange Senior Centel- in Hillsborough, NC.
COUNTY COMMISSIONERS PRESENT Chair Valerie P. Foushee, and Commissioners
Alice M. Gordon, Barry Jacobs, Pam Hemminger, Mike Nelson, Bernadette Pelissier, and Steve
Yuhasz
COUNTY COMMISSIONERS ABSENT:
COUNTY ATTORNEY PRESENT: Geof Gledhill
COUNTY STAFF PRESENT: Assistant County Manager Willie Best and Deputy Clerk.to
the Board David Hunt (All other staff members will be identified appropriately below)
PLANNING BOARD MEMBERS PRESENT: Chair Brian L. Crawford, Vice-Chair Jay
Bryan, Mary Bobbitt-Cooke, Judith Wegner, Rachel Phelps Hawkins, Dr. Larry Wright, and Mark
Marcoplos - I
PLANNING BOARD MEMBERS ABSENT: Jeffrey L. Schmitt, Joel Forrest Knight, 11,
Samantha Cabe, Tommy McNeill, and Nathan Chambers'
C. PUBLIC HEARING ITEMS
1. Zoning Ordinance and Atlas Amendment: To receive public comment on creation of a new
Zoning Overlay District entitled Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA) incorporating the County's
existing Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance within the Orange County Zoning Ordinance as
well as amending the official Zoning. Atlas map to delineate the SFHA on properties within the
County encumbered by flood zones as delineated on the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Maps
(FIRM).
Planning Director Craig Benedict introduced this item. He said that it took about 1,700
certified mailings and about 6,000 postcard mailings to residents living within an adjacent area.
Michael Harvey and Glen Bowles summarized parts of the PowerPoint presentation
also.
N
1 AGENDA ITEM: C1
2 QUARTERLY PUBLIC HEARING Prevention Ordinance
3 Review of a proposal to incorporate the Flood Damage
4 into the existing Zoning Ordinance and onto the official Zoning Atlas
5
6
7 Why•are we doing this?
8 The County has been informed by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
9 and the State office of Emergency Management that in order to continue participating within the
10 National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) we had to revise the process utilized to review and
11 process flood regulations and map amendments to be consistent with current Statutory
12 requirements for zoning ordinance and atlas amendments.
13
14 What is being proposed:
15 • Existing regulations, currently within the stand alone Flood Damage Prevention
16 Ordinance, are being placed within the Zoning Ordinance.
17
18 How are we doing this?
19 Staff proposes to create a new Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA) Zoning Overlay
20 District incorporating existing flood regulations within the Zoning Ordinance and incorporating
21 Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) data onto the Zoning Atlas..
22
23 What is being proposed (continued):
24 •Processing/approval of map amendments to existing FIRM data that have already been
25 reviewed and approved by State and Federal officials, and
26' *Revise existing subdivision regulations to reference the new location of flood
27 regulations/definitions.
28
29- 1 . mplications of proposed change:
30 • No change to property owners have an impact on a property
31 • The proposed relocation of flood regulations will not
32 owner's ability to make use of their property outside of the floodplain. Existing regulations. will
33 still be in effect for any portion of a parcel of property located within an identified floodplain.
34 The only positive impact.is related to the review and processing of Letters of Map
35 Amendment (LOMA) and Letter of Map Revision (LOMR)
36
37 Parcels Notified of proposal (map)
38
39 History: Insurance Program (NFIP) in
40 •0range County began participating within the National Flood
41 1981 with
42 •The County adopted a standalone Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance (FDPO) along
43 Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRM)
44 •Approximately twenty four hundred (2400) properties within the County's planning jurisdiction
45 are subject to compliance with flood regulations
46
47
48
Ru
3
1
2
3 Why are we doing this now? FIRM amendments, the State Attorney General's office
4 ein anticipation of the revised 2007
5 issued an opinion in 2005 indicating that amendments to ex isting flood regulations and/or flood
6 , maps ought to be treated and processed as zoning amendments
7 *in the fall of 2006, the County Attomeys office concurred with this opinion
8 aln the Fall of 2008 State and Federal officials conducted a Community Assistance Visit (CAV)
9 with staff to review /audit the floodplain management program where we were told to being this
10 process
11
12 Why we are doing this (continued):
13 Staff and the County Attorney had hoped to wait-to incorporate flood regulations into the
14 zoning ordinance when work began on developing the Unified Development Ordinance (UDO).
15 Given the comments received from State officials during the community visit, we can not longer
16 wait for development of the LIDO to begin.
17
18 Road Map for Amendments
19 ,42-31. Statutory Authority
20 -42-32. Findings of Fact
21 o42-33. Statement of Purpose
22 a-42-34. Objectives
23 942-35. Definitions
24 *42-37. Lands to which this Ordinance applies
25 -42-38. Basis for establishing the SFHA
26 -42-39. Compliance
27 -Article one (1)General Provision s —new Section 1.7 Statutory Authority (Section 42-31 of
28 FDPO)
29 -Article Four (4) Establishmen t of Permitted Use Table and Schedule —new section
30 establishing Purpose and Intent of the Special Flood Hazard Overlay District (includes Sections
31 42-32 through 42-33 and Sections 42-37 through *42-39 of FDPO)
32 -Definitions-will be moved to Article 22 Definitions of the Zoning Ordinance
33 -42-40. Abrogation
34 -42-41. Interpretation
35 -42-42. Penalties for violation
36 -42-66. Designation of Floodplain Administrator
37 -42-67. Establishment of floodplain development permit
38 -42-68. Floodplain development permit & certification requirements
39 -42-69. Duties and responsibilities
40 -Article Twenty-four (24) Legal Status Provisions and Effective Date is being amended to
41 include Sections 42-40 through 42-42 of FDPO.
42 -Article Twenty-one (21) Administration is being amended to include administrative references
43 outlined within Sections 42-66, 42-67, and 42-69 of the FDPO
44 -Article Fourteen (14) Site Plan Approval Procedures will include floodplain permitting
45 -requirements
46 -42-70. Corrective Measures'
47 -42-71. Variance Procedures
48 -42-91. General Standards
W,
4
1 -42-92. Specific Standards
2 -42-93. Specific Standards — Approximate A Zones
3 -42-94. Subdivisions et al.
4 -42-95. Standards for areas of shallow flooding
5 -42-96. Effect on outstanding floodplain development permits
6 -Article Twenty-three (13) Enforcement will include section 42-70 of the FDPO
7 -Article Two (2) Board of County Commissioners and its Administrative Mechanisms is
8 being amended to include the Variance Procedures outlined Within Section 42-71 of the FDPO
9 -Article Six (6) Application of Dimensional Requirements is.being amended to include the
10 specific requirements for the proposed overlay district (includes Sections 42 -91 through 42-96 of
11 the FDPO)
12
13 -42-97. Effect on rights and liabilities under existing FDPO
14 -42-98. Effective date
15 Article -four (24)
16 -Sections 42-97 through 42-98 of the FDPO, are being placed within A icle Twenty
17 Legal Status Provisions and Effective Date of the Zoning Ordinance
18
19 Zoning Atlas — incorporation of Flood Map Data (map)
20
21 Additional work being proposed - FIRM Map Amendments
22 Letters of Map Amendment (LOMA) — 5
23 A localized amendment only to the FIRM,
24 *Letters of Map Revision (LOMR) — 4
25 An'amendment to the FIS and FIRM, and
26 '*Summary of Map Action (SOMA) —1.
27 SOMA
28 LOMAs & LOMRs (maps)
29
30 Frequently Asked Questions,
31 -Why did I receive a certified letter. and/or postcard informing me of the PUBLIC HEARING?
may be applicable to m property?
32 -Will this change and/or-impose new flood regulations. that Y.
33 -How long have the floodplain regulations been in effect?
34 -Who defines floodplain boundaries and h ' ow are they designated?
35 -What if I want to challenge the location my property within a floodplain?
36
37 Staff recommendation:
38 1. Receive the proposed amendments, public comments on the proposed amendments,
39 2. Conduct the public hearing to receive p ommendation with a recommendation be
40 3. Refer the matter to the Planning Board for a rec scheduled for April 21, 2009 BOCC
41 submitted back to the BOCC in time for the agenda
42 meeting, and
43 .4. Adjourn the public hearing until i April 21, 2009 to receive the Planning Board
44 recommendation(s) and any submitted written comments.
45
M
5
1 Rachel Phelps Hawkins arrived at 8.'01 P.M.
2
3
4 Commissioner Jacobs said that the notices were very difficult to understand. He asked
5 for clarification about whether it would change anything about the property. Craig Benedict said
6 that this is correct.
7 Commissioner Yuhasz asked about the adoption of this ordinance. He said that
8 qualified farms are exempt from zoning regulations under State statute. He noted on the
9 proposed Part 1.5 that the farm exemption is supposedly not in effect with respect to this
10 particular section of the zoning ordinance. He asked about the legal basis for exempting in
11 Orange County certain parts of zoning from the bona fide farm exemption. and the
12 Michael Harvey said that the Planning Department staff had the same concerns a
13 . section was written based on the model of the Wake. County Unified Development Ordinance
14 after review with the County Attorney's Office.
15 Commissioner Gordon said that the notice should have been clearer so that people
16 would not have been forced to dome out to the public hearing to get clarification.
17
18 PUBLIC C-OMMENP.
19 Lynette Hartsell spoke on behalf of the Friends of Lake Orange. She said that she asked for
20 a copy of the letter from -the Attorney General's office that prompted this change. The letter is
addressed to the National Flood Insurance Program. It was
21. dated September 14, 2005, and is
22 actually a memorandum. She said that the- letter that she received addressed issues of FEMA,
23 flood maps, and whether the maps can b . e incorporated. The issue addressed in the
24 memorandum was whether or not future maps could be accepted without this kind of public
25 notice. She said that she is confused that this is being moved under zoning. There is nothing in
26 the, letter that she read that you cannot have a standalone flood prevention ordinance. She said
27 that the people in Lake Orange get nervous about these things. She said that the people in
28 Lake Orange are concerned that their rights will be taken away from them. She said that there
f that
29 is a lot of distrust that the government will not act in the citizens' best interest She said at
30 there must be meaningful dialog and not just public hearings. She asked the Count ' Y
31 Commissioners to think outside the box and initiate a task force charged to identify problems
32 and find solutions for Lake Orange and reach a binding agreement. -
33 Brent Clayton said that he bought 6.5 acres in 2000 and it was not in the flo.odplain. His
34 property got put in a floodplain in 2007. He originally purchased his property to ?? behind the
35 house that is there now. The flpodplain took almost - three acres of his property, and the
36 property is now useless. He asked how this was helping him. vast
37 Steve Richardson was with the Friends of Lake Orange. He said that there are
.38 gaps in the proposal and there, are some State constitutionality questions. He urged the County
39 Commissioners to decline to act on this unnecessary proposal. If the County Commissioners
40 vote on this, he asked that they amend it specifically to honor and grandfather the special,
41 perpetual, contractual rights with the County under the terms by which Lake Orange was gifted
42 to the County 40 years ago, so that nothing within the technical zoning change can be
43* construed as going against those rights in any way. Secondly, the property owners of Lake
44 Orange have endured decades of bad experience with the County and are mistrustful. Several
45 County Commissioners and staff have been welcoming, forthcoming, and*have worked in good
46 faith. He thanked those people. He said that these people were the exception. He said that the
47 assurance that this change would have no effect on properties is not strictly true. He read a
48 resolution that was proposed by the Friends of Lake Orange, as follows:
' An "in the interest of reestablishing mutual trust and good will, eliminating future avoidable
f.7
50 misunderstandings that could further divert all involved from their other interests,
51 responsibilities, and duties, as well as p . otential future involvement of remote third parties whose
A
G
1 interests may coincide with none of the Task Force members' there shall be established a Lake
2 Orange Task Force.
3 The Lake Orange Task Force shall be a group of no more than seven members, with
4 designated alternates, comprised of representatives from the office of the Orange County
5 Manager and the office of the Orange County Attorney, representatives of Friends of Lake
6 Orange, below, rights
and material stakeholde s directly involved in Lake Orange and its
7 Issues set t f orth ,
8 management.
9 The charter of the Lake Orange Task Force will be to resolve issues concerning water
10 rights, including but not limited to: recreational rights, the Voluntary Capacity Users Group
11 Agreement and the maintenance and administration of the usage of Lake Orange.
12 The goal of the Task Force will be: to reach a binding agreement on these issues,
13 define a future path for dealing with Lake Orange and establish methods for resolving future
14 questions, based on a common understanding that considers and respects the rights,
15 responsibilities and needs of all parties involved.
16 When that consensus is reached and those methods are established,
the charter of the
17 Task Force will be fulfilled and the Task Force will end.
18 The first order of business of the Lake Orange Task Force will be to obtain from each
19 Task Force member a statement of its interests and perceived needs from which a concise and
20 specific set of high -level tasks will be defined by the Task Force in support of its charter.
21 Thereafter the Task Force will establish working groups and timelines for completion of each
22 task."
23 He submitted the resolution to the Clerk.
24 Bruce Lucas lives on NC 86 North in Hillsborough. He said that he has water coming on
25 both sides of the road into his branch and it floods his property. He asked for help in getting a
-26 bridge, which would stop some of the flooding. He submitted pictures as proof of the flooding.
27 Carojyn Fuller lives in Efland and she has some property in the floodplain. She asked
28 how this ran Crawford d asked that someone from the anything they
this dquestion after the
29
30 meeting.
31 Greg Plachta said that he is a concerned citizen and he agrees with the Friends of Lake
32 Orange (I think, I couldn't understand him, he was talking so fast).
33 Ed Johnson said that he lives beside a creek and he wants to raise some concerns
34 . about data gathering. He made reference to a letter from the Planning Department and said
35 that he lives close.enough to the creek that the Planning Department sent out a surveyor and
36 wrote this letter*with recommendations and photographs of-the property with yellow line's giving
37 sea level elevations. He said that this photograph with the elevations is full of errors. He
38 wonders if other people have been plagued by these errors. Because of these errors, he has no
39 faith in the recommendations made concerning his property.
40 Ken Terlep read a prepared statement: My name is Ken Terlep and I am a member of
41 the "Friends of Lake Orange ". My property borders Lake Orange and is within the proposed
42 Special Flood Hazard Overlay District that is included in the proposed Amendment to the Zoning
43 Ordinance.
44 1 have two primary comments about the proposed Amendment:
45 1. Although it has been stated that there is no additional restriction to property owners with
46 property that is in the new Special Flood Hazard Overlay District, the specific wording to
47 be placed in the Amendment has not been provided. I think we all must have the
48 chance to review the actual words in the Amendment *before a final Public Hearing is
49 held. When will the specific wording be available so a comprehensive review can be
50 made?
Ca
7
1 2. 1 have seen a map of the flood elevation contour for my property superimposed on a
2 s and the 6151 elevation contour which is the, same elevation
3 map my property boundaries .
4 as the spillway for Lake Orange. Some inconsistencies can be seen by examining the
5 various contours shown on or near my property. I question the accuracy of the data
6 when displayed together and to be used for compliance assessment according to the
7 Zoning Ordinance. I have been cautioned on many occasions by Orange County Staff
8 that the GIS data available has limited accuracy and that, as stated on the GIS website:
9 "Orange County and its vendors assume no legal responsibility for the information".
10 How can it be used for assessment of compliance to the proposed Special Flood Hazard
11 Overlay?
12
13 What accuracy is ascribed to the Flood Maps relative to the County's data for property
14 boundary lines?
15
16 1 also support the pro posals made by Lynette Hartsell and Steve Richardson who have
17 previously talked tonight — requesting the commission to recognize the unique status of Lake
18 Orange and to establish a Task Force to address issues pertinent to property owners and others
19 With interest in the access to and the use. of Lake Orange.
20
21 Ken Terlep
22 Cedar Grove
23 February 23d, 2009
.24
Craig Benedict said that the exact words of the Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance as
25
26 it is being incorporate d into the zoning ordinance -is available through the intemet and in the
27 postcards that were sent out.
28
29 John Hartwell said that his house sits close to the Eno River on a steep bank. He has a
30 Certification of Elevation. He said that the maps are being amended and the public should see
31 all of the information.
32 Judith Kramer owns a home on New Hope Creek, Which has flooded twice in the last 12
33 years. She commended the County for considering taking this action to ensure that the
34 residents of Orange County have access to the National Flood Insurance Program. She said
35 that there is a benefit of having FEMA's protection in a flood situation. She has some concerns
36 about the methods of notification of important changes in the flood maps when property is
37 affected. She said that she was shocked to find• out from her mortgage company that she was
_
38 no longer in a floddplain, because the never received notification by the County or FEMA This
of flooding' because
39 was related to the change in a map in 2007. She knew that she was at risk
40 her home was flooded during a hurricane. She suggested taking history into account.
41 Robert Brown lives near a creek. He said that the flooding that he has seen has been
42 due to water restrictions or the size of the bridge, which has backed the water up. (Couldn't
43- understand him). Williams said that he and his wife live 80 feet above the floodplain. He asked if
44 Wallace property.
45 the Planning Board would give him a hard time if he tried to build something on his
46
MM
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Commissioner Jacobs asked Geof Gledhill if the Planning staff goes onto property
without permission for elevation assessments and Geof Gledhill said no, but they only respond
to permit requests.
A motion was made by Commissioner Jacobs, seconded by Commissioner Nelson to
adjourn the public hearing until April 21, 2009 to receive the Planning Board recommendations
and any submitted written comments.
VOTE: UNANIMOUS
Donna S. Baker, CIVIC
Clerk to the Board
Valerie Foushee, Chair
64
--
Attachment Five (5): Excerpts of Approved Planning Board Minutes 65
MINUTES
ORANGE COUNTY PLANNING BOARD
MARCH 4, 2009
REGULAR MEETING
MEMBERS PRESENT: Brian Crawford, Eno Township At -Large (Chair); Jay Bryan, Chapel Hill Representative (Vice-
Rs
Mary Bobbitt Cooke, Cheeks Township Representative; Samantha Cabe, Chapel Hill Township At-Large;
Nathan Chambers, Cheeks Township At-Large; Rachel Phelps Hawkins, Hillsborough Representative; Tommy McNeill,
Eno Township Representative; Jeffrey Schmitt, Cedar Grove Township; Judith Wegner, Bingham Township; Larry
Wright, Cedar Grove Township At -Large
MEMBERS ABSENT: Joel Forrest Knight, Little River Representative; Mark Marcoplos; Bingham Township At -Large
STAFF PRESENT: Craig Benedict, Planning Director; Robert Davis, Planner III; Michael Harvey, Zoning Enforcement
Officer; Perdita Holtz, Planning Systems Coordinator, Shannon Berry, Special Project Planner, Glenn Bowles, Planner
It; Tom Alfieri, Comprehensive Planning Supervisor, Tina Love, Administrative Assistant 11
AGENDA ITEM 2: • INFORMATIONAL ITEMS
a) Next Regular Planning Board meeting scheduled for Wednesday, April 1, 2009
b) Planning Calendar for March and April
c) Memo regarding items requested at February 4, 2009 meeting
Brian Crawford: The other question asked was about flood insurance and how many policies were in our communities.
The staff came back with '35 active flood insurance policies in effect in Orange County.
Judith Wegner: How is that determined and does that mean 35 individual parcel owners have flood insurance and half
are in the flood plains?
Glenn Bowles: Flood insurance even in a voluntary situation, unless you are trying to get a mortgage and then most
mortgage companies require it if your structure is in a flood plain. In this county, the majority of the policies in effect
are the properties that do no contain any flood plain at all.
Judith Wegner: Are these FEMA only policies?
Glenn Bowles: This would be FEMA flood insurance.
Judith Wegner. Does that mean that people don't know about it The woman at the hearing said that she had gotten
flood insurance and people told her not to.
Glenn Bowles: She has very unique situation. Her house has a walk out basement and during Fran she got a foot or
so of water in her walk out basement. The new flood plain map took her house out of the flood plain and one of the
statements in the revised flood standards states that just because you are not in a flood does not mean you will not get
flooded.
Judith Wegner. If she is no longer in the designated flood plain, is she unable to get flood insurance?
Glenn Bowles: That is not a true statement.
Judith Wegner: She is within the flood plain.
Glenn Bowles: Anyone can purchase flood insurance.
Judith Wegner. That is distinguished from our special flood hazard area?
M.
w�����
Glenn Bowles: That correct The majority --- policies �nunoeondmodUoQe ��
that �u�ninedn�Qa�d flood ��n' SomeUmos�mkmen�rn�o�ux _-.,__
demand it
odxu��ond�ou�nm@
Brian Crawford: Can you pu�hoee.
Glenn |am assuming that someone would insure for water damage.
Tommy McNeill: Fox. homeowners who have chosen not to purchase flood inouranco , are there any educational
courses bn discuss the consequences o[ not doing so?
Glenn Bowles: I have had two outreach meetings with a number of those people. ' V few choose to- come tothose
meetings. Most people choose not to buy it In this last mWing, we sent 1,800 or so mailings, which were the first time
we had'a good outreach, program on that discussion. We tell them that insurance is not mandatory on our part. Most
are not interested in buying it. We are on the sidelines when it comes to flood insurance.
2oN�oD�nNA0cEANo/�u�AMsNUMsNT�ToGaTAnUoHA0EW[��nm�Ox�0m/xmDTo
/�m�Q�`�c�S: INCORPORATE THE B0GTINa FLOOD DwmmaE PREVENTION ORDINANCE' INTO THE ZONING
ORDINANCE AND SUBDIVISION REGULATIONS CCwgmd�g this item hea����eFebmmy23.
Tocmn�doramnommonnnmonmu",ou
2DU8 Quarterly Public Hearing
Pr6septer Glenn Bowles, Planner 11
Glenn Bowles: Reviewed the abstracL
PURPOSE: To receive the referral from the BOCC regarding proposed amendments to the Subdivision Regulations,
Zoning Ordinance, and Zoning Aflas that create a new Zoning Ordinance Overlay District from the Flood Insurance
Rate Map (FIRM) and incorporate flood protection standards of the Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance (FDPO) into
the text of both regulations and to make recommendations back to the BOCC.
. visit � 21 and 2�2DDD �oCoun�mc�ved
outlining
a November 7, 2008 lefter from Mr. Ken Ashe, of the North Carolina Emergency Management Division,
A��� ��� cklist was
""~~~~~y'`----- the
1 d2�x�e-eKe amduhe��i ThoCnu m��*ux�u/�m="" �
e8o ' ' o[ the amendments otthe
November I �lh and re* quested a time extension td adequatel ' y schedule for inclusion next avOl able Quarterly Public Hearing (February 2~~~~'
The changes proposed do not amend the adopted February 2, 2607 flood insurance rate maps . FIRMS), except
for the FEMA-appnmod revisions since then.
required
in�o�n�onw��oam�dm��� the FDPO,�oC�n�A�maym�mm�ded��I����
amendmen�hm�eFDPg and the amended FOPOb incorporated ibmQh Zoning Ordinance ee�xoZbnng
amendmon�and n new Gpo��RoodHoza�AmoOveUoyu/omrtwnumwould ue delineated .... .
Thus the Zoning Ordinance amendments take on five (5) different aspects:
^
2. Making bona fide farrning operations Incorporating — the amended FDPO text
subject ba Special Flood Hazard Area "v:Ywx District standards,
regulations, procedures, and definiflons;
1 Creating mnew Zoning Overlay District - Special Flood Hazard.Areas ' ';��F�A on
4. /ffirn�Q�ovohnuaemendmen�b��mMKMpommurn*uvemx=""~v -,,-.�-
February 2, 2007; and
67
5. Correcting definitions and references in the Subdivision to reflect FDPOterminology.
From time to time FEMA and its cooperating Technical State partner, the State of North Carolina Division of
Emergency Management approve Letters of Map Amendment (LOMA), Letters o ' f Map Revision (LOMR), and
Summaries of Map Action (SOMA). Since the adoption of the new FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs),
which became effective on February 2, 2007, FEMA has approved five (5) LOMAs, four (4) LOMR, and one (1)
Summary of Map Amendment The primary objection FEMA voiced to the Orange County FDPO was that these
corrections to the FIRM were not specifically listed in the ordinance.
A LOMR alters the base flood elevation of the floodplain . and the underlying Flood Insurance Study, by lowering or
raising the elevation. It is required for any stream crossing or dam removal involving 6 mapped special flood hazard
area (floodplain). LOMRs physically and legally alter FEMA FIRMs. The applicant must notify all surrounding property
owners by mail and perform deWi ad hydrologic and hydraulic analyses to . document the alterations.
A LOMA is an acknowledgement by FEMA that the mapped floodplain does not reflect the true base flood elevation, as
applied to a specific hou . se or accessary building. They are applied for whena property owner believes his or her
house, garage, bam, or other structure is inappropriately mapped within* a floodplain. An elevation certificate is
required to verify the owner's assertions. One of the results of the 2007 BOCC-funding floodplain surveying program is
that four property owners were able to receive LOMR approvals that effectively removed their houses from a mapped
floodplain. The FIRM and the underlying Flood Insurance Study does not change, but the flood insurance status for
the house or accessory structure does. In the case of the Cates Creek Parkway FIRM, before the engineer could
deterrnine the correct hydrology and stream hydraulics for the new strearn crossing, the flood mapping data had to be
corrected.
Keeping all FBNA Flood Insurance Rate Maps updated and —current –important
maintenance and public
information task, Orange County i interested in the latest SOMA only because the FEMA FIRM panel letter suffix. has
uftheF|�Npom�niU�n�oUou��uzonnQjuhodk�on.
changedandU�eo�adoU���po�on �
For informational � 000nn draft F|nodploh Development Permit form io included os Attachment G.
Attachment 7lists ' all the sections of the existing FDPO and the proposed locations of each section in the amended
Zoning Ordinance.
Summary oY the February 23,2VD8 Quarterly Public Hearing:
of noodzoning mdinoncoamondmonb�BOCCmembem asked �nae
/#�rob�'pmoembmdaoummery the
mwcom�eCouN�mdoxom�bonofideagricultural ope��nno�nmthu8onddomognpnmenUon
'' '' regulations when they nepmtc��o2bn�gOn�nomme�
/�gv/ " "'' ~ structures in � How mN|menu»conmxmwissue affect existing �
3. Would u clearer notice wording have been possible?
� oummohzedon�Nov�'
Saver�dUzeno�m�the Lake O�ngemdohborhoodspoke, Th�rmmoamome .
neighborhood
�
Moving the Flood Damage p mven UonOrdn�` omoe|nhztholuningOndinannowouldmdboin the
bo�1n���
property owners should oevoodbmQ-
w A�oK�mo�in��o�U .
parties bu�noand800d��no
' o�nd�Q|m om8hotnnud|wdudodo�son&e lake, o�aem . .
-- should theonn�oo��doh�ofownamunLokaDomQu.
�
The County honor ~
�
Proposed text amendments were not available to the public.
m
Concern over the accuracy of base flood elevations supporting the floodplain contours:
Othecitizencomments included: �d�e�mn����0momn�Y»�o�����o��
• Oonoem���e2UO7nadm�mop��uUeU property ' _�
• Problems with o culvert because upstream orsouHv.
.:
• Concerns with an elevation certificate with which the County assisted. .
• Experience with the County elevation certificate surveying and the LOMA and the need for ground truthing
with the maps.
• Experiences with an insurance carrier and the need to notify persons affected by changes in flood maps and
the accuracy of such data.
• General discussions regarding how the proposed change would affect an individual`s ability to improve one's
property.
staff response to these comments and concerns:
• Flood Damage Prevention standards and the Flood Insurance Rate Maps will not be changed, except to
place them within the Zoning Ordinance and Atlas. Property values and the ability to improve an individual's
property remain exactly as they are now. The public interest is served by this change and no contractual
arrangements will be affected.
• The Lake Orange area's long - standing concerns involve docks.and stream buffers and are not affected by
this proposed change.
• The text amendments were available to the public on February 11 and were posted to the County's website
on February. 13, 2009.
• The accuracy of the mapped floodplains is always in question. FEMA recognizes this and has developed
and protocol through the approval process for a Leiter of Map Amendment (LOMA). Five property owners
have taken advantage of this approval process in Orange County since February 2007. Floodplain
elevations were plotted out.using the best available technology for watershed -wide topographic
determinations — LIDAR. This is the same technology used by NASA and is in wide use throughout the world
today.
The topographic coverages found in the county's GIS are generally accurate, but not to an engineering
standard. The county GIS topographic maps were not used to compute the base flood elevations. The flood
elevations are much more accurate, but are not a substitute for on- ground three - dimensional surveying to
determine precise topographic contours of the floodplain.
FINANCIAL IMPACT: While there will be no financial impacts associated with the implementation of amendments to
the Subdivision Regulations, Zoning Ordinance, and Zoning Atlas, Section 20.6.3 of the Zoning Ordinance requires
that all properfies affected by a Zoning Atlas amendment and all properties within 500 feet of an affected property be
sent notifications. Over $10,000 was spent to mail out 6,531 postcards and 1,826 certified letters. This cost includes
$640 in materials (labels, paper, postcards and envelopes), $7,448 for postage, and $2,100 in staff time.
However, not making the revisions to the Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance may put the County at risk of losing its
FEMA accreditation.
RECOMMENDATION: The Planning staff recommends the Planning Board:
Receive the February 23, 2009 BOCC referral;
Make recommendations back to the BOCC in time for the agenda process for the April 21, 2009 BOCC
meeting regarding:
a. Incorporating the amended FDPO text into the Zoning Ordinance text;
b. Making bona fide farming operations subject to Special Flood Hazard Area Overlay District
standards, regulations, procedures, and definitions;
c. Creating a new Zoning Overlay District — Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHA);
d. Affirming the various amendments to the FIRM (future SFHA Overlay District) that FEMA approved
on February 2, 2007; and
e. Correcting definitions and references in the Subdivision Regulations to reflect FDPO terminology.
.'
Tommy McNeill: You said that most people were happy after you discussed this with them. Please share some
concems of the others who were displeased.
Glenn Bowles: We will set the Lake Orange discussion over to one side. They were displaced with beavers that are
flooding their pastures and woodland. Not only with beavers but also with deer•. That was the one discussion. I heard
the most The Wake Orange discussion deals with items that are not pertinent tonight dealing with flood plains. Some
were questioning the accuracy of the flood mapping. The flood map itself is really a contour and has been determined
by fairly technical studies done using a Corp of Engineering HEC -RAS model for modeling and hydrological and
hydraulic characteristics of the streams and coming up with a contour. The flood maps are an approximation of that
contour. Some question if that contour is there or somewhere else. There is a process if they believe that it is not
there through FEMA which is fairly expensive.
Lary Wright: Some of these are in Economic Development Zones like the Efland Cheeks, etc. Then you mentioned
also that the zoning ordinances would need to be changed to accommodate these. Would these, the documentation
for these development districts need to be changed as well?
Glenn Bowles: Those Economic Development Districts have been subject to these same flood regulations. We are
taking verbatim text from the map and transferring it into the zoning ordinance. There will be a zoning district overlay.
Samantha Cabe: I was not able to be at the last public hearing. What was the rationale the County Attorney gave for
the need to incorporate these into the actual zoning ordinance?
Glenn Bowles: Our attorney suggested that if we want to be compatible with the 2005 Attorney General's letter stating
that communities who have flood maps amend those flood maps should do similar to the way they amend their zoning
aflas maps. Geoff was suggesting we go one step further and incorporate everything into a zoning ordinance.
Samantha Cabe: Why?
Glenn Bowles: He is not here and I can't speak for him.
Craig Benedict: We can provide his letter so you can read it
Michael Harvey: The first documentation of the County Attorney making the recommendation that flood regulations be
incorporated into zoning occurred- back in 1995 and assumed that a UDO (Unified Development Ordinance). The
rationale at that time was that flood regulations constitute land use restrictions. if you read general statute, the
appropriate location for all regulations governing the development of property is a zoning ordinance. The concern was
that it did not make appropriate reference to any other mechanism that a county or municipality could utilize to regulate
the development of property except that wonderful book we have. As early as 2006 the County Attorney made the
determination that we should be done 10-11 years ago and we should do it now. The clincher was the letter from the
Attorney General's office that amendments to the flood maps should be processed as amendments to zoning aflas.
Mr. Gledhill determined that, given the nature of the regulations and his opinion, there is only one logical place for them
and they need to be moved.
Samantha Cabe: They may not be enforceable if they are not included in our ordinance.
Michael Harvey: I don't share that opinion but we have been told that Mr. Gledhill's legal opinion that the best location
for these regulations is in zoning.
Judith Wegner. I think this was at the last meeting here but we talked about the Board of County Commissioners
wanted to unify development ordinance so this stuff` will have to come in anyway so that is part of the policy call they
are making. The discussion at the Board of County Commissioners meeting was that in order for people in Orange
County to get flood insurance, we have to do this to conform. Isn't there a reference to that?
Glenn Bowles: WE didn't receive a formal notice but a verbal notice from the State Emergency Management Flood
Plain Mapping Division that FEMA was going to suspend the program because of certain deficfencles in the ordinance?
70
Brian Crawford: In Orange County?
Glenn Bowles: That was never in writing.
Judith Wegner. They had a list of ways in which or ordinance would exceeded the minimum requirements but they are
not saying we have to remove what is there that exceeds the minimum requirements if you're flooded are they?
Glenn Bowles: They encourage you to go beyond the model ordinance.
Judith Wegner. So that is not a problem.
Glenn Bowles: We incorporated those changes first and then moving things around.
Samantha Gabe: On the list of things that exceed the
an rninimurn requirement, is the SFHA andp have recently had requirement
xperience with that. base
It costs
elevation dated to be submitted for any development
between $15,000 - $30,000 to have that done. A base flood elevation opinion or study from an engineer is very
expensive and there are people who cannot afford to pay that.
Glenn Bowles: This is a FEMA driven requirement.
Samantha Cabe: Why is it on the list of items that exceed the minimum requirements?
Glenn Bowles: I am not sure.
Samantha Cabe: The state said they didn't believe it was required.
Glenn Bowies: We don't require anything in that regard. We don't go beyond what FEMA requires.
Samantha Cabe: My concern is There anything we can do about this for a person that has only one piece of property.
Brian Crawford: If they are saying it exceeds that it is incumbent upon us to take to the minimum necessary.
Glenn Bowles: What they don't want to do is to back flood waters on someone else's property which has been a
historic problem.
Samantha Cabe: My question is why it would not be sufficient to have an engineering opinion about the culvert size?
Glenn Bowles: It could be one and the same. There is nothing to say that sizing the culvert and the elevation
determination could not be the same study.
Samantha Cabe: The study is a very extensive mapping process.
Glenn Bowles: And rightfully so. The farmer that came complaining about his culvert flooding out, that is his problem.
He undersized the culvert which is not only your problem but someone else's problem.
Jay Bryan: Those are good points. We could keep our approval out on this particular issue and then ask for the staff
to report back to us or the Board of County Commissioners with more information.
Michael Harvey The specific example used was fill material was added on a flood plain in violation of existing
standards without the benefit of a permit or staff review. The reason for the cost is the amount of data that had to be
provided for staff A does not allow us toe encourage the development of field oand flood plain for therea reasons we know.
encourage or FEMA
We also having examples where fill material has been used.
W
Samantha ad needWhat o be maintained, do they need a permit every time they put gravel on theiirr road on
Do they need d a
and that
base elevation study every time?
Glenn Bowles: We could work with the particular situation.
Samantha Cabe: For
d nietonight, would rflushed de the
requ i ements that excee the m mum equ ment from FEMA until those are out because of the cost
Brian Crawford: That comment carries all the way through this entire application so anything the county is proposing
exceeding federal guidelines, we would hold that out
Glenn Bowles: We have an excellent flood plane program now and some of those standards that need to be there
particularly the two foot free board.
Judith Wegner. These are existing in the County Ordinance, it seems that allowing transfer into the zoning ordinance
but to target certain things for further review would be a cleaner way.
Brian Crawford: A point of procedure. We d t having
have someone on the board asking sspecific motionto passtor denyttwlf
don't have any motion on the floor. We need
she wants something to be excluded, there is no motion to be excluded from.
Mary Bobbitt Cooke: Can we still discuss his report?
Jeffrey Schmitt Yes.
Brian Crawford: In that discussion, we are making specific suggestions.
Mary BobbinCooke: 1 wanted to talk about making bonafide farming operations subject to the special flood hazard
area overlay. Commissioner Yuhasz raised the question about a North Carolina state law about farms not being
subject to specific zoning. Does the state have preemption over what we do in Orange County?
Glenn Bowles: You have a point. How can Orange County exempt a bonafide farm operation from their zoning
ordinance when the State Zoning allows the exemption? I can't answer that question because it would need to be
referred to our attorney.
Michael Harvey - The wording we have provided in Section 1.5 of the revision was language crafted by the allomey's
office.
Mary Bobbitt- Cooke: Our attorney?
Michael Harvey: Yes. North Carolina General Statute specifically prohibits counties from regulating farming activities.
We have existing provision in our zoning ordinance that essentially stipulates we cannot regulate farming activities.
The language proposed by the attorney's office is an attempt to address the concern you are expressing and what you
are expressing for the last six months.
Jeffrey Schmitt This in on page 22, number 2, they should not be subject to flood hazard?
Michael Harvey: The existing flood regulations in the Flood Damage Provision Ordinance, does not recognize any
exclusion of any land use activity. As we are participants in the National Flood Insurance Program, we are obligated to
regulate all land uses for compliance with flood regulations consistent with those requirements to be eligible for the
membership.
Mary Bobbitt Cooke: The question arises when you try to put the flood plain map inside the zoning ordinance. If you
keep it the way it has been, it would make sense.
Glenn Bowies: You are correct
Michael Harvey: We have been directed to address the County Attorney's concern and this is the method we are
using.
Judith Wegner. On page 47, part I, Section 1.5 reads Provisions of this ordinance adopted do not apply to bonafide
fauns as defined except as follows; in a non -farm use of farm property, which is outside the zones. - It looks the County
Attorney has crafted this to be specific to say that no, you don't have to comply with the rest of the. zoning provisions,
however, as 1 understand it, in order for us.to be compliant, he has carved an exception saying that so far as the feds
require it of you in a bonafide farm, which we cannot tell the feds. I think it is a reasonably well crafted way to try to
make an exception to honor the statues and the obligation if we want people to have eligibility.
Jeffrey Schmitt I would like to publicly thank Glenn. Several of my neighbors received this post card and I got calls so
I came to Glenn and he gave me six or seven pages as an explanation. There have been some excellent points
brought up. If we decided or recommended to the board that we do nothing, what is the downside?
Glenn Bowies: The County Board can take the non -vote and take it into consideration when they do what they have to
do. If we do nothing at all and just make FEMA changes, we would have to go back to Public Hearing because they
were very specific about what we were and were not changing.
Jeffrey Schmitt What is the implication to the 35 who have flood insurance?
Glenn Bowles: If the programs were suspended and they wanted to buy flood insurance, they now have been
grandfathered in; they would not quality for preferred rates. It may double the premium.
Jeffrey Schmitt: So it is in the interest of the people who have building that are in the flood plane as defined by FEMA
for us to make these changes otherwise, their insurance cost to the Federal government could potentially double.
Tommy McNeill: What is the impact of statements hhat Samantha regards is to the discussing? How ?does that change the dynamics of your
presentation? What is the impact of her
Glenn Bowles: Should that private road been non - existent last year and they wanted to build it today, they would have
to get a no rise certificate through FEMA. I am only involved in seeing it and signing off on the findings of the engineer
or surveyor. All the work is approved at a federal level. We, as staff, are only involved if we see a situation like that
we make sure the owner knows the ramifications of the situation. There have been four studies done and a fifth on my
desk today. Our involvement is minimal. We don't require these unless we see a violation.
Jeffrey Schmitt Is it possible to write, a clause to address Samantha's question.. I have a stream running through my
property and while it is not designated, let's say hypothetically does, and say that I have a goad that goes through,tt
with a small covert that has not flooded out It appears from the discussion that I wanted to add -an inch of gravel' to
that road; I would have to incur fairly significant costs from a study?
Glenn Bowles: Yes.
Jeffrey Schmitt That is not right We have to accommodate them making some modification that road without
spending $30,000. That is-part of the obligation this board has.
MoTioN made by Judith Wegner to recommend to the Board of County Commissioners that they adopted the
proposed ordinance that begins on page 47. We request staff to review whether additional modifications may be
warranted in Section 6.32.6 and Section 6.32.7 to provide waivers of requirements of extensive engineering
studies in the event of the need to introduce fill but have minimal impact on other properties in the area.
Seconded by Larry Wright
Judith Wegner: My reasons are taking something that has been one format into another format so it is not a
matter of introducing new added requirements but simply trying to conform to the FEMA requirement even if it is
silly. I think people are entitled to have flood insurance.. I appreciate what is said about farms but I think the
73
County Attorney has done a good job to craft something that addresses that. We have given ample notice to
individuals who came out We are not being ask to write a flood hazard zoning provision from the get go, we are
being ask to do a procedural thing to shift this into a competent of the zoning ordinance where we are going to be
moving to unify development ordinance presumed to what the Board of County Commissioners has indicated and
it does not make sense to say stop and not do anything because I think it will be brought into uniform format in
any event .
Samanth a Cabe: Under Farm Exemptions, any non -farm. use of farm property, will that include farm roads, gravel
roads especially if a residence in on the same property and I agree that brings the feds in that preempt the staff but t
think brings the whole thing back under the county's umbrella because we are creating this special flood hazard
overlay zoning district which is governed by this ordinance. If we are saying the we are requiring farms to comply wish
this special overlay zoning district, aren't we saying they have comply with this which is going to be part of our zoning
ordinance?
Judith Wegner. For the last point, there is a double negative in that it says provisions do not apply except as, which is
p
designed to say is that only in so far as this piece would apply as to what amount to non -farm use of farm property. I
don't think (here is definition of that in here. I haven't looked at all the case law interpreting that part of the state statue
but I remember it says used as a bonafide farm so that the bonafide farming use is what is central to it.
Samantha Cabe: My biggest concem is number 3 because it seems what we are saying is that farms are except as
they have to be in compliance with this...
Judith Wegner particular slice which is what they have always been required to comply with which is not being
imbedded into the zoning ordinance.
Samantha Cabe: The Special Flood Hazard Area overlay Zoning District?
Judith Wegner: Yes. It is taking what it used to be called and saying this is the piece of it too.
Samantha Cabe: Were farms subject to this prior to now?
Craig Benedict: Yes.
Jay Bryan: Where were they subject? In the ordinance, the provisions under 1.5 say that provisions of this whole
zoning ordinance do not apply.
Glenn Bowles: They were subject to the flood damage prevention.
Judith Wegner. It is not in the zoning ordinance.
Jay Bryan: In that particular section, they were subject to that?
Glenn Bowles: To the flood standards, yes.
Jeffrey Schmitt Number 2 which states, including all applicable flood rate maps, so the map was drawn by FEMA and
FEMA outlined the maps on page 89?
Glenn Bowles: Yes.
Jeffrey Schmitt: The County does not have a restriction for the creation of a flood plain district greater than FEMA?
Glenn Bowles: That is correct
Mary Bobbitt Cooke: I would like to offer a friendly amendment. I think it would behoove us to have a state lawyer look
at this language to see if is consistent with state law. I think that Counselor Gledhill did a good job but 1 would not want
to put something in place and find out we guessed wrong.
74
Jeffrey Schmitt: We are attempting to look out for the farming community in this county to the maximum amount
that we can given what FEMA said. We are not trying to burden the fanning community with additional
regulations.
MOTION made by Judith Wegner to recommend to the Board of County Commissioners that they adopt the
proposed ordinance that begins on page 47. We request staff to review whether additional modifications may be
warranted in Section 6.32.6 and Section 6.327 to provide waivers of requirements of extensive engineering
studies in the event of the need to introduce fill but have minimal impact on other properties in the area. We invite
the Board of County Commissioners to request a review of provisions related to bonafide farms by the State
Attorney General's office. Seconded by Larry Wright.
Samantha Cabe: Is the process for amending the current ordinance that is not part of the zoning ordinance
different that amending the zoning ordinance?
Judith Wegner: If you are going to amend the zoning ordinance, everyone gets notice but for other types of
things, then if there were further modification then there would have to be appropriate notice to a targeted
audience.
Samantha Cabe: Why I would be in opposition to your motion is it seems that the ordinance in its current state
would be easier to amend if it were made part of our zoning ordinance and then we amended it
Judith Wegner: I think you would end up with the same result If we didn't act on this now, you would probably
have to give two more sets of notice, one would be to anything specific about the road to it, the raising and then
they would have to re -notice and redo the broader hearing if we were coming up with a different formulation.
Michael Harvey: One reason we had to go through this process is because we are creating a special flood hazard
overlay distridt. If this is placed in the zoning ordinance, we would have to follow the established parameters
under our ordinance to modify existing regulatory standards which would not require notification but would require
ads in the paper, public hearing, etc. The County attorney's opinion is that amendments to the Flood Damage
Prevention ordinance as a separate entity has to occur consist with any currently established parameter for
zoning.
Samantha Cabe: Even if it is not part of our zoning ordinance, we should follow the same procedure?
Michael Harvey: Yes.
MOTION made by Judith Wegner to recommend to the Board of County Commissioners that they adopted the
proposed ordinance that begins on page 47. We request staff to review whether additional modifications' may be
warranted in Section •6.32.6 and Section 6.32.7 to provide waivers of requirements of extensive engineering
studies in the event of the need to introduce fill but have minimal impact on other properties in the area. We invite
the Board of County Commissioners to request a review of provisions related to bonafide farms by the State
Attorney General's office. Seconded by Lary Wright
VOTE: (2 opposed)
Attachment Six (6): Staff memo
711T#M63
To: County Manager and BOCC members
From: Craig N. Benedict, Planning Director
Glenn R. BOW10 s. CFM
Date'. March 16, 2009
Subject: . Clarification of Planning Board comments Regarding
Maintenance to Private Roads and Farm Lanes
At the March 4, 2009 Planning Board meeting, the Board voted to recommend to
the BOCC approval of, with requests for additional work:
Incorporating the amended ended FDPO text into the Zoning Ordinance text;
Making bona fide farming operations subject to Special Flood Hazard Area
Overlay District standards, regulations, procedures, and definitions;
Creating a new Zoning Overlay District — Special Flood Hazard Areas
(SFHA);
Affirming the various amendments to the FIRM (future SFHA Overlay
District) that FEMA approved on February 2, 2007; and to
Correcting definitions and references . in the Subdivision Regulations
reflect FDPO terminology.
One of the requests for additional work was a more definiti ve explanati on of how
proposed Sections 6.32.6 &.7 of the Zoning Ordinance would affect
maintenance of existing private roads and farm lanes and field access roads.
The intent is to not overburden farmers and private road owners when road
maintenance is needed only for situations involving special flood hazard areas
(regulated floodplains).
Planning staff is pr6sented with two challenges-regarding roads built in * regulated
floodpledinsi (1) how to regulate new construction and (2) how to manage existing
roadway maintenance issues such as resurfacing and culvert sizing.
New Construction
For all new road and/or bridge construction in regulated floodplains, staff will
require a "no-rise" or "no- impact" analysis, which typically will lead to a FEMA-
approved Letter of Map Revision. That process is described as follows:
✓ Prepare detailed engineering drawings and hydraulic/hydrologic studies
for the stream crossing. documentation I and paperwork for a
✓ Submit to FEMA all required
f KA P=%tiQinn (GLOMR).
Conditional Letter GIF
✓ Review by FEMA and/or North Carolina Emergency Management —
Floodplain Mapping Program.
76
✓ Receive FEMA and/or North Carolina Emergency Management
Floodplain Mapping Program approval in the form of a LOMR
Once the applicant has received FEMA and/or State approvals, an application for
a Zoning Atlas amendment can be submitted to Orange County in time for the-
next available Quarterly Public Hearing. Property owners shall be notified of
proposed amendments in . accordance with Article 20 of the County's Zoning
Ordinance.
The stream crossing and approaches will also require a Floodplain Development
Permit.
❑ Prepare detailed engineering drawings and hydraulic/hydrologic studies
for the stream crossing.
❑ Submit to FEMA all required documentation and paperwork for a
Conditional Letter of Map Revision (CLOMR). Emergency Management
❑ Review by FEMA and/or North Carolina
Floodplain Mapping Program.
❑ Receive FEMA and/or North Carolina Emergency Management
Floodplain Mapping Program approval in the form of a LOMR.
Once the applicant has received FEMA and/or State approvals, an application for
a Zoning Atlas amendment can be submitted to Orange County in time for the
ified of
next available Quarterly Public Hearing. Property owners shall be no
proposed amendments in accordance with Article 20 of the County's f Zoning
Ordinance.
After taking public testimony and comments at the Public Hearing, the BOCC
shall refer the Zoning Atlas amendment to the Planning Board. Final action on
the Zoning Atlas amendment request occurs after the -Planning Board
recommendation is received. Preliminary Plat approval may be conditioned on
Zoning Atlas amendment - approval and no construction shall commence.until the
BOCC approves the Zoning Atlas amendment. However, if the stream crossing
does not impact the base flood elevation, then a Zoning Atlas amendmefit is 60t
required. Stream crossings and approaches will also require a Floodplain
Development Permit.
Such studies and analyses are expensive and tend to be part of either a major or
minor subdivision review and approval process. Other ways to require the
studies are through the building permit — zoning compliance review process.
Private of farm road maintenance
The second scenario was Of more concern to the Planning Board, particularly as
the standards set forth in the proposed Sections 6.32.6 & .7 of the Zoning
Ordinance relate to the maintenance of private roads and farm lanes or field
access roads on active farm operations. Sree r bcan and do act as impediments to the r flow of floodwaterhs. se They can
77
impound floodwaters, which roadptiros eor sthe roadbed causing i loss o bed materials, ion and general decline of
the "drivability" of the road.
After discussing the general situation with Gail Hughes and staff in the Orange
Soil and Water Conservation office, staff proposes the following solution. When
individual property owners determine the need to repair their roadway and before
elf
they begin to spend money to correct the situation, we would ask them to meet
i
informally with Planning and the Orange Soil and Water Conservati on staffs to
explore various options and to suggest the least costly and lowest impact
solution. The intent is to minimize the cross sectional area of the road bed and
select the optimal culvert size such that "no-rise" studies are not warranted.
Should these meetings identify opportunities to address water quality issues, we
can also bring into -the conversations Erosion Control Division staff to advise the
property owner.
This does not waive any of the engineering requirements of Sections 6.32.6. &
.7, but may allow the property owner to proceed without incurring the analytic
costs of a "no-rise" or "no- impact" solution. If staff consultations are not
successful in reducing the floodwater impacts of the road maintenance, then the
owner will have to proceed to retain private expertise to complete the required
studies before construction can be permitted.
LAW OFFICES
COLEMAN, GLEDHRJ, HARGRAVE & PEEK
A PROFESSIONAL CORPORATION
129 F- TPYON SnMET
P. O. DRAWER 1529
BUjSBoR0UC;".N0RMCAR0U14A27279
919-737a196
FAX 919 - 732.7997
vww.cgTap-jaw.rnm
April 13, 2009
Mr. Glenn Bowles
orange county Planning Department
Flood Damage Prevention Program Administrator
orange County Planning Department
P.O. Box 8191
Hillsborough, NC, 27279
A Lxlowk, I -
MOM TM DESK OF
GEOFFREY E. GLEDHILL
E MAU-- g0a&"C0T-1aW-
Re: Amendments to County Mood Damage Pr6ventilm Ordinance
Dear 016nn:
The purpose of this letter is to: (1) address the applicability of the proposed flood damage
Prevention regulation to property used for bona -fide farm Purposes, and (2) address ,the public
notice requirements for zoning atlas and text amendments necessary for incorporating the flood
regulations in to the Orange County Zoning Ordinance and orange County Zoning Atlas.
Vide
Proposed Ordinance & Atlas -Amendmebt & Bona Vide Farms
N;C. Gen. Staff. § 153A-340 contains the "grant of [zoning] power" to counties from the
North Carolina General Assembly. This grant of power limits a county's ability to apply its
e farm purposes.' The bona fide, farm limitation
zoning regulations to property. used for bona fide about the efficacy of incorporating
contained in county zoning power has prompted a question Ordinance (the "FDPO" or "Flood
the current freestanding Flood Damage Prevention Ord more fully below, the
Regulatibm?) into 'the Zoning Ordinance. it is our view, as discussed or interfere with
incorporation of the FDPO into the Zoning Ordinance will not impede or otherwise
the applicability or enforcement of flood damage prevention regulations as they relate to bona
fide farms anymore than the existing regulations are impeded by the dual ordinance structure
now in place. Further, it is our view the proposed incorporation of FDPO into the Zoning
ordinance will have the beneficial effects of eliminating the redundancy of having two "zoning
ordinances" (with separate enforcement and variance procedures within each) in the County and
marks a step toward the County's desired goal of creating a unified development ordinance. .
This -limitation does not limit a county's Power to apply its zoning regulations to the use of farm property for
nonfarm purposes. There is no "bona fide farm" limitation inN.C.. Gen. StaL § 160A-381, the grant of zoning
power to cities and towns.
ME
.
The Flood Regulations are -zoning regulations" as defined by North Carolina law
because they regulate the location and use of buildings, structures, and land. "The General
Assembly has delegated to the legislative body of [counties] the power to adopt zoning
regulations and, from time to time, amend or repeal such regulations.'�2 "A zoning ordinance
may regulate and restrict the height, number of stories and size of buildings and other structures,
the percentage of lots that may be occupied, the size of yards, courts and other open spaces, the
density of population, and the location and use of buildings, structures, and land for trade,
industry; residence, or other purposes. 0 "These ordinances maybe adopted as part of a unified
development ordinance or as a separate ordinance,."4 Except for swine farms with large "'waste;
management systems, " .zoning regulations do not apply to real property used for bona fide farm
purposes (unless the farm property is used for nonfarm purposes).5
Part 6 of Article 2.1 of Chapter 143 of the North Caroling General. Statutes gives local
governments the specific authority to adopt ordinances to regulate uses in flood hazard areas and
ermits for the use of flood hazard areas. 6 However, this statute specifically permits
grant P gam.
farming,.pasture, outdoor plant nurseries, horticulture, forestry, mining, wildlife sanctuary, e
farm, and other similar agricultural, wildlife and related uses within flood hazard areas. 7
The existing FDPO, like the attached proposed resolution incorporating the FDPO into.
n
the Zoning Ordinance, cites multiple sources of authority for enacting flood regulations within
the County. This authority, includes the zoning authority discussed above, the authority given to
local governments specifically related to regulation of uses of land within flood hazard areas also
discussed above, as well as* the general police power given to counties to protect the health,
safety and general welfare of its residents. Regardless of whether the Flood Regulations exist as
a freestanding*ordin=ce or whether they are incorporated into the Zoning Ordinance, there is a
risk that the regulations will be, deemed inapplicable to the use of property for bona fide farm
A
purposes. However, since the both the freestanding FDPO and the proposed amendment
incorporating the same into the Zoning Ordinance cite the same enabling legislation, the risk is
not increased by the incorporation of the regulations into a unified ordinance. in short, the
question of whether or not the bona fide farina exemption to the County's zoning power impacts
the enforceability of flood damage prevention regulations . is the same today with the County's
dual zoning ordinance structure as it will be if the County decides to unify its flood prevention
land use rugulati6ns as proposed with the current amendments
Therefore, it is our view . that the recommendation from Planning Staff to incorporate the
FDPO into* the Zoning Ordinance that was articulated in a Board of County Commissioners
agenda item abstract on August 28, 1995 be pursued to conclusion it this time. It is our view
doing so will not change the likelihood the County's flood regulations will be inapplicable to
bona: fide fk-ms.
2 In' re Markham, 259 N.C. 566, cert. denied, 375 U.S. 931 (1963).
3N.C. Gen. Stat. § 153A-340(a)
4 id.
-1 N.C. . G,,n. Stat. § 153A-340(b)(1)
N.C. Gen- Stat. § 143-215.54(a)
7 N.C. Gen. Stat. § 143-215.54(b)(1)
N_ otice Re uIrements
The
, proposed amendments at issue are designed to not only incorporate the FDPO into
the Zoning Ordinance, but they are also designed to update.the current regulations with current
mapping data and to address several technical deficiencies noted in the recent Community
Floodplain Management Regulations Review. Letters to you and the Planning Director from
Brian dated December 12, 2006 and January 5, 2007 outline the reasons why the FDPO should
be incorporated into the Zoning Ordinance and why amendments to the FDPO should be handled
in the same manner as amendments to the County's Zoning Ordinance and Zoning Atlas. These
letters echoed the view of the State Attorney Generalv s office, that th FDPO shud be amended
in the same manner as required for ment of zoning regulerally-
W are aware of the significant expense and administrative work that went into sending
within 500 feet 0 ' f
certified mailings to all affected property, owners and those property owners "notice rineo.
affected property given the large, number of Property Owners who fall within the
However, this notice is necessary given the fact the proposed amendments are in fact "zoning
regulations" as discussed above. "[A] zoning ordinance or an amendment thereto which is not
adopted in accordance with the enabling statutes is invalid and ineffective." Sellers v. City
Ashville, 33 N.C. App. 544 (1977). Because the County's notice requirements do not permit
notice by publication when there is a large number of affected property owners, the numerous
i
mailings prepared by the Planning Department are necessary n order to implement the proposed
changes to the FDPO and the Zoning Ordinance.
We also recognize the significant public outreach effort that was necessary to comply
with the amendment process within the County's Zoning Regulations and inform the public
about the proposed new flood regulation construct. Please let us know if we can offer additional
complicated ssistance to you in amendment process. . ,
COLEMAN
Attachments
. Best Regards,
cc: Board of County Commissioners
Valerie P. Foushee, Chair
Alice A Gordon
Pam Homminger
':EIC P.C.
RE
�1-1
Barry Jacobs
Mike Nelson
Bernadette Peffssier
Steve Yuhasz
Brian Crawford, Chair, for the Planning Board
Laura Blackmon
Craig Benedict
Geof Gledhill
Annette Moore
82
Attachment One (1): Resolution
April 21, 2009
WHEREAS on July 15, 2975 Orange County became a participant In the Emergency Phase of the National
Flood Insurance Program thus making flood insurance available to property owners through the National Flood
Insurance Program (NFIP), and
WHEREAS on March 16, 1981 the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) converted the County
into the regular phase of the NFIP bringing full benefits to the citizens of the County, and
WHEREAS there are currently sixty-two (62) flood-insurance policies enforced within the unincorporated
portions of Orange County, and
WHEREAS the County is required to maintain *an updated Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance (FDPO) in
order to remain eligible for the NFIP, and
WHEREAS the County desires to repeal its existing FDPO and adopt the following regulations in order to be
in full compliance with Federal and State requirements for flood damage prevention programs, and
WHEREAS pursuant to the authority granted to counties by Article 6 of Chapter 153A of the North Carolina
General Statutes' (NCGS), sp=Mcauy NCGS 153A -121, the County hereby enacts the following flood damage
regulations to protect the•health; safety, and welfare of the citizens of Orange County, and
WHEREAS pursuant to the authority granted to. counties by,Parts 2, 3 and 4 of Article 18 of Chapter 153A of
the NCGS, specifically including NCGS 153A-340, f r the NCGS se of protecting the health, safetysan;d the County hereby
general welfare of
enacts the following flood damage regal P� p
the citizens of Orange County, and
WHEREAS pursuant to. the authority granted'to counties by Part 6, Article 21 of Chapter 143 of the NCGS,
specifically including NCGS 143- 215.54, NCGS 143 - 215.56, and NCGS 143 - 215.61 the County hereby enacts the
following flood damage regulations to protect the health, safety, and general welfare of the citizens of Orange
County, and
WHEREAS pursuant to the authority granted to counties by Part 3, Article 4 of Chapter 153A of the NCGS,
specifically NCGS 153A -47, a county may in an ordinance adopt by reference to a published technical code or a
standard or regulation promulgated.by a public agency,
00
00
THEREFORE BE Tr RESOLVED that the Board of Commissioners of the County of Orange,
North Carolina, hereby repeals its existing FDPO in its entirety and amends (indicated by
text for proposed deletions and underlined text for proposed additions) the Or ange
County Zoning Ordinance, the Orange County Subdivision regulations, and official . Orange
County Zoning Atlas as follows:
12/12/2406 TUB 16:43 PAX
ra
• ��=x. =ice - -
- Siate of Nimil CilrC31i11ii
lktt5`is�i( -ice' tJtik=1WtAq �c�Hfi4
I •• (r, WX -! ' REFLYTB:
i 'tl ,i4il Crim coAh of 5 time
• - - - �� �fi�:3�•Rsi' � {g1927i6.U565 .
September 1'1, 2005 .
Phil Letlager
Nationd Flood insurance Program (hIFtP)
14.C. Divis `►oft -of Emergency Management
470 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina
Dear Phil:
You requested information concerning ft proper way to amend mmaicipal flood
oriliixa Yo under?lortit information
lam. The Division of Emmerbrency Management serves a& state
coordinator ol'tbe Nj atiatral Flood Inmkonce ProgXam )- I ustderstand that the Federal
Emergency-Management Ageiuy (MMA) required Worth Carolina to develop a state model
tlaodptain management axdinancs. FE.MA- noted that some states avow ordieranc:es that
autottraticgly adept revisions, while other states require that each orditra m and revision theaem
mast be formally adapo by the appropriate .municipal govqui body. The question regarding ,
the appropriate legal Roan$ to adopt andlorrevise ordinances is siguific nt as itrelates to ilaad
Imurancc. -naps• As development occurs and - conditions changa,'•the maps cltarrge tg reflect the,
effects on Eloadways and fioodpl� ins• There arc actual maps that rriay be, amended by a letter of
amendment. Communities participaCull -,, in the :�IF[P administer their program as pact of a zoning
program.
• jsua y, atame law requires: that zoning Ordinamos acid maps arc adopted and revised by
specific state law prr dm F�lIA has requested an opinion regarding whedter North Carolina
taw reglfdw kttat zoning ordinan= and maps are adopted and revised using specific state law
procedures: Fnrth>+r, FEMA has requested as opinion regarding wire'daer iucatporatim' by • •
reference of figure, ainendments'to another statute. rule or regrrladon constitutes an rrrrlawFul
de(e on o� lei #ath a Power- firmly, FEMA has requested an opinion regaEft *hethe
under Worth Carolina law .40A Carolina's floodptain management model ordinance. may . •.
provide for the mtora la adoption of revisions to such ordiriarrce without any fturther legrslAtive
action by the jurisdictian's gaverning body. Ft la A wants to know wtre;her any neoes�fy
ordinance revisions based upon new lta mAdata providdd byFE11+iA and incorporating any future
changes in I ftoodplain management criteria maybe made. "therefore; the issue is whether
han North Carolina's model floodplain management ordinance may specify that traps 'and any
revision thereto" or"as mucaded" are arrtornatically adopted, by the Ordinance without an
amendment of the ordinance.;•ii appears
that this is not petznissr'ble under the htarth Carolina
84
L2/12/2006 won 16:44 FAX $5
Page 2 of 8 t
• Constihrtion - !
. i
4. The Me Flood Oarange kmeation jOrdiaatim
I pndetstand that Ari;cte 3, Section B. of the model North Carolina Flood I?mnage
T'reventian Ordinarim states: t
The Special Flood HaMd•Areas are those identifiedby the Federal Emergency -
moggement Agendy gEMA) or Oduecd under the Ca4peaatimg Te is Fjo C State i
(CTS) ag�mentbetween the State of North taeolina sud FEMA � F�n6d
Hazard BaundatyMap (FMW or Flood bsua` w Study (FIS) and
accompanying fWod maps sucb as the Flood Insurance gaffe MV(s) i
and/or the Flood Boundary Moodway Maps) (F'BFrA for .
• {community) dat�i , whiclt:wiiir
nwornpanymg stnppor6g data, d ang n iTrereta iaacluding Lariats of
Map Amendment dr ROVWOn, we adopted bar wreieuca and declared. t 6 bar apart
of Bois ordin=r- The "Special Flood Hazard Areas.aiso include those defined
through st mdaul:enginee $analysis for private developments or-by
governmental agmaie%but which Nava not yet been incwpoiated in the FIRM.
This incladc% irut is not limited to,'detailetl flood data:.
• 1. geaterated• as a requirement of Article 'l, Section C(1I & 12) this
diwxnar+= • theectrva<F[ItD�i,
2. p=bminM l IMMs where mare stringent than ffe
or
3. post- disaster Flood Recovery Maps.
Municfpnl: ' in addition, upon anne m on to
(munidpality) or inclusion in the Extra Territorial 3urisdiciion �, thee
Flood Hazard Areas identified try the Federal EmergMW IAazragehlent Agency
(FIRMA) and/or ptoftced under the 60pecUting Technical State 20e1.ent
. belweera the Stateofl�torth Catalina and FEMA as staged above forthe
CFtun County, with �tted Areasny maps and. other supporting data, am anv revuinri Pf
' Cbuniy. with accornperrying , ap
thereto. are adopted by ref xwee and deft ed'to be a. psrt.of this ordinance.
Article 6, Section A ofthe model North Catalina Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance eGaies:
• This ordinance in part cumesforward by ce- enactment ofsomc of the prcivisians of tlxe ;
flood damage prevention ordbmce enacted _— . —•-- -- (orig�ina! adoption date of this '
of finance) and it is not the intention tb npeal but rather to to -enact and
continue to enforce without int=Iption of such existing:provisim s, so that. PJ1 rights and
t
X2112/2006 TUE 16-'44 FMX
Page 3 of &
liabilities lbat have accrued thmOader are jeserved and mqY be Cuf 010ed- The enactment
of this ordinance sWU notaffed any action, suit orpowangiMdWW6rpendi4 Ail
provijjcns of the Mod (111SUBP provendDri ordinance of*
(camrfiunq) enacted an (brWhd adoption date of
ce), _as awej:de In. are reprded, Sw koala 6.
this oriarnan wbijak not reenacted lmc� *OGIS
rtheNorthCuorina Florid DamWpizventionordinanm (Eq
SectionAjo
added/.
The NOOOURI Fbod Insurance Program. ..
M'National Flood Insurance program (C WV) at 42-11-&C. � ODI & seq.., sea)x 'as ft
matter df nationdpolic of flood losses ... through a
y, ,a yneffiod or dlidug tho risk
entent and wdoura* VrL�vo and prote4ve
program of flood jum=w wbichzm GMPI
Pu'rPos6isto...
or jOA e of fnMM Fedem financial
okinunMes, a� a, condition.
(3) require states equRtO
participite in the ftOlDd insurance prdgmm and to adapt ad
I]C*dpwn ordinances with ff,#,, 6r&==tVwvWons consisteatwitlr
Faei2j&ft,riftdstorcdumoi avoid 421j.9-C-4002..
a
FEMA *lerheoft the NFJP- FWA is m1fhq*e6 W make fload inOrauce available Duly i
communities diat-have adopted flPOdplain managment W19AWTV that The NFT Act provi des.
standards and.&at.pm -enforcirij-Picise IePlgtiGros. k f1O Od bzar(l areas
-tbal-After De=ber3l, 1971, no ndw flood insurandO CDV&iF diall bd provided unft ft
title in any area (or subdivision thmzbf) unless an ammmule public body shall baud adopted
. res (With effective enfOwflumt *Asooros) which the
,adequae,wase and controlloem imimibriand panag=ent aro&usaundet
ecM
Director finds arciomirteawithhe eMpra-headv
42 U.S.C. 4102.7
C. Lcl dieve p6wpr of the Stale Vested in jhe LoOdature.
The, North Carolina Constitution provides that It legislative power of ft State is vested
Coast, Mt NqjjnajjyIqiSj4yepuwac=wtbe, ,
in the General Assembly. X-C; 11M, 1,11,111, 'Jpdqjj] V4caroliaRwiTIR -
'L WMAU
delegated except as authorized by the ConstitatiOM MWA�MMOOXIIML'
Asen. 241 N.C. go, g4 SY-2d 390 (1954); gMhqjgLtV q
LR�ds 1! rc, 269 N.0 581, 153
y -! AMMMY
i�). Although ft-legISIO&O . -fleW
SAM 130 (196 power Mts-eulus'vely�"' the &
and may not be delegated, tyre is an qcaption to thisiah 03 it 110ft" to cities, towns, or
11 241 N.C. 80, 84 S.E2d RD (1954)4.
counties. Staff.' ex re v. Caoffnalubla� *
ng& Zdl,39(..1964- -PoWeTTnaYba' delegated `tO
LrV.-Cd- OfReldsill
It 26914-Ci 5?1. f53 S.F
Mtrictions with je� to thi delegation ofpowcr-. dd not
municipalities and the "OrdinRrY Igo SY,2d 204
apply to cities, towns, or c6untim:* M M Ng. 724
'86
12112t I 2UU6 WUS 16:45 FAX 187
page 4 of 8
298 N.C. 207,258 9Y- 2d 444'(1979)
The couitin ASP ASSWAYIOY-C 0—fRNMERL libyArtide,11, Sectidn 1,
states -t�laflve, power is vested excluftlY in ft Gm=d Assembly
Cor�tjbffiou. prom ties plovWon and from Arlic-16- L Section 6. derives the
of ftNorth Carolina . . ly nigy not delegate its power to any other department or body.
Coastal Ilielnvay y. nilce
pt�Apjetb4flhGG=adA=mb
ian, 219 N.C. 15, 9 S.E. 2d 511(1940);
Au-&--rift 237 N.C. A 74 S.F- 2d 310 (1953). This Rninci*v however, Is not so
D. The LeOlMare may delegate POwek to legislate Za"inj to elites, : es, toym and
eduuties.-
Lo Zone real propeq is vestod in the GWqW Ass=b[Y hY
It is reta6d law thA the Power Zd
ft=tioI*QCo*t,Art IX, §I-) —CW-9WMY,—rJ 3n N.C..611, 370 SM
pMer to zdne is the power bf the Statc a�d rests infflatly-with the Generdl
'579 (1998. ) -rM
Assembly." Tatift v City ofWibninl 273 XQ 430,160 S.)12d b91(1964): -
"The General Amblyhas dalepted to the 14da&c b04 orcities �,ai jacorpomted
• adopt zoning replationi and, fi-OM Om to time, to Wnwd or ived Sg*
towns the power to
-259 N.C.50031 Sm24 329, cert. deig4i 375 10 93i (1963)'
1bgulations.- b me-Mamdw, Mu"al dorioiafi6nS pCPM to kf(datD
I&-authority of the G=m-A Assembly to delegate to
Wiling, is an exception to ft general rule W legislative
conbbrning locBl'prW.=s- such as CAinst.. Art IL §1., mmy Wt be delegated by W'
the General Msemblyby M Q
powers, *cstad hi
�d t 275 N-0,155,166S.e.2d78(199), -31crim
jomng is a leoalatft.ut that has been 401093ted tO the juanicipafifies by the Guibral AsseablY-
V. City lei •298 N.C. 207, 258 S.A. 2d 444 (1979)
1%,acout 1h A SP Associates
police orporations of the pCWer 6 legislaO COMming
states -DelaptiODS to Mud0iPRIc
as nZ is pwvisbIb!o by Im standing eXWptiDn to the,smeral PflD Of
local problems Mh
nett- delegation Oflegislative power. WAMM-kam.259 N.C. 566,131 SA 2d 329 (1963N.-
275 N.C. 155-166 S.E. 2d 79 (1969).
ya lrteiritMiCS mid restrict
govaments have been delegated the power to EDOD their
&AX. q& 0 j!rn'mgtp
_jK on. 273 X.C.
therd to specified purposes bile dmml Assembly: ZD - C
430,434, 160 S-112d 325,330 (1969� 'Flats authority OMY IS sUVI&j both to the... , limitations
impose& by tho Consfimfion and to the limitations of the ea rtztW Id. Wido thane
enactment of zoning legislation "is a MatW within the diof on, of the le&��� --
lMtations, the 0,f tav�u:. jr4j. Summers v. City Ch_jotte 14 C 9t S.E.
bodyarthe6ty .. ?r 149. App0 �6 2
1.2112/2006 TUB 16:45 VAX
page 5 or 8
(2OD2)-
The General Assem jy*g delegated he legislative act of adopting and araftiling: ZO*g
Mguljd=tDMWjcipRjig= Zoning is a le&la%o wA and only the Je&hfivebDdYof a '. -
municipality is mAodnd to adopt and amend zoning ord7manom Only law yWiffag body can
d a zoning ordinance. Lee.y. Boffill ofA
-adopt and amen Co...
(1946); "nMy.v-d - 259N.C.'I�;,fj �i-02M(1963)-;
'M 1m 715,15$ S.q_2d 897 (1964
'The power of a w W&Pft (cities, towns,
and counties) to enact zon lngordkapm a
s ohnas s
. em expressly grahted by staUft UG auffimitYtO adopt, repeal, and amend zoning
is contained in the "WRAM9 a-f I thit is rdund in tiro "&rOr ma General Statutes. The state
law f or adopdnk zoning otdIMP es anti amendimtr for cities is fpund 6MC, Gen. Star: Sectio
n
160A-3 81 et seq.- and for counties 1s found at lj3A320 d se4. State law provides that the city -
council Dr the board. of county comnlissionmpr6videnotire'tD certain landowners. XWS
§1 604-394 outlines specific pro
cdei for adopting zoning ordinances and am= :rents for
C.G.Sj§160A-384attached. Stole law provides that for cifies and towns
Atfiesandtowns. See IT
,Imdng regulations and restriction's and WDO bound
ff4nIDMedOrrePeaW." if apmted agaifisf the cbmim "an amendment shall not
d1an Aburffiq of all the members of Ow rAW .
6W=8 Offw&6 BNMTI 4y favorable vote of thrrA. L - The state law for adopting
1�.C.G.S,.§160A-36 SDdW.C_G.S_ §1,60A-395 allachcc
p gnd ningardinances . mitondmarits
153A340 atmched: 14.C.G S. §1534 343 and §153A -34
4 outline .specifepocediK as .
for.
a&pft zoning ordinances and amendments for counties - See N.C.G.S. §WA343 and §1
53A-
344 attachA
WL Regarding counfide authoft to anadud -
Zoning or a charge in Zoning is iL legislative S9 N.C. App. 610,366 SYL�d 885
i %-the derman V. ath Ir
caning ordwaficc. court: 44 expressly gives counties the power to amend Ihek zoning
(Iggg), SMWS. 11N.C.0" S. 153A-3, its zoning orffinahcc. is crititled-
uncdm the couitys act of amending
ordirtaficog. As .a la�sjpfiva f - City of Raleigh, 298 N.C. 207; 258 S.E.2d 444
1�n of validity." " Associates V.
to a pr�%ftpt ordinance is invalid if it amending a zoning ordirk.
.(1979). The legislative Oct Of enacting or a'Dwdf unreasonable; arbitrary, or an MequOl exercise 0 legislative powc• A county's legislative body
-has iu j to rezone when'remnablY nOccamY to do so in the inteMW of the Oublie health,
Ordinatilythp
safety, moxals or 9M(Ad welfare. , only limitation upon, this authority Uft it may
not be exercised a6warity ur.capriciouilly. ilillis v. Union Couniy 77. RC. 4p: 407,335
8.132d. 76 (1985). N.C.GS. 153A.340 contains the legislative
grant of Power _ to counties
s to
enact zoning otdittattces. D &vej�q Offlidd AM00iates. Inc V I baWab Couniv 3ard of
A09 end 48 RC App. 541.269 SMd 700.(1980).
E
L211Z1200S TUB 18:46 FAX on
CID
L UnllwfuliDekgiitiobotLegisla4veAuthuritYorpovmr-
Valaw.incolporaWis by ref=Hcaffic law or rdle of another governmental mot or
ddeibn
inivawbody and MY future GbHnPs'tD that lave or tale this may constitute an unlawful gat
of legislative authority. 'The unlawful delegation •robimn can occur When a law or cute is
m*�e jr;t North Carolina law jnw wmtm a federal
` automatically change when those
05 amencled► OM ftNorth dfrolina law m R
orthelx&l.tim. Oar
anim-Winblits occur without action jnmy;4sseTt that the state's legislative
Mm present issue involves, local 6rdinances 6W
a0i�iityhasb= given to dw MmIll RVAcy-
sat that it is
ibwrpor,,WmVsprep=dbyorapj;rovodbya-Uederal;tgmyFEMA. One may as
a floodplain without any actin an ft pad
unlawfid jGpeniij, FNMA -to change What conafiftdis
of the county. dr city.
orame required by VPMA aftaillptm to
The N.C. iiiadel Flood bainagm-Prevendon
adopt by rererme future gW6 tntr Ila-city. adopts by reference a statute, together with PAY
udm
future mendments thercto, ther6 is an unlawful delegation of legislative authority, rendering the
Ord1nah=un0OntftAo0nL Ddnklm v r, 25 2d 1071
Y_.MoWyeyggDhd&�6470.App. 613P
980). See also pMjc.X. Mm, 45 Mich. App- 255,206 NA 2d 511 (1973); IV. State
2d640(lW6�,1R—d1m—DdMt
C&trftction Cade Cointolm-lo 6 blich. App. 491,293 N.W.
mi!m -n
.of goith MoLa .inc- 346 N- .2d 737 (SM. 1994);
Jnnabluts S30r. App. ,54u,732P.2d9l9(1987),,
,gtLMMM Qjhor'Coat$ hold that . a statute W aftillptS to . !AC0rP0ratb futime cbaigcsof
another gmt% code, Togoliflo", frol
qq6onA1As-.%0 umb
legislative power. See, e.g., kg:.a-
Cali �ia �i - � d App.
4th 245, 64 M RptF. 2d 129, 134
Z6D ��� 55 *CFA. A -% 8311LApp.3dgO2,404N.E,2d352,.356
(CACLApp- 1997); jig v. Pollution OgtWI-6 -6
_.j bift - stab Dd. of ph UMm.579, 19P.2d
(1980�' -
357,319111-D=928
837.942-U3 (1980); Michigan i v. N D Wou3rers' pWbilit tex mEaMm
- - I
Ord re App. 59., 5863
1jumau 134YX,,b.A,,.723.352-NW.?471:?,-715'(1984);Mcyer'V'L -370
P.2d367,37l(1979));::. - DfC lain v. R-1 Mem Tic, 521 N.W.2d-130,132,133 (S.D.
11 'Bmkff a Ass!h.x. St ($D. 1984X
QOdson 1P ate., 346 IM2d. 731. 744
1994); TIM endent v. �S%t .957qsi2d257,623P.2d683.685(19&0) ... Mhe adoption by mfe == Of -
future legislation and iLdes are ur01WRI60131- IjAf an 1Vlfrs. Assn. 352N.W.2dit715-
Ing caroms of statutory construction. apply to the ktorprolitiOn Of On OTdimm-
113 W-C AM IN 192.,417 SX.2d 536,537
are v. Bd. of Adiust—mmt Of City of Ki Communications Corporation 1. �tonia ls�N.C.
(1993) CmtenW citation Omitted), Mortis
App. sm- sas.md 419 (2003)-
Page 7 of 9
The N.C. Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance provides for the automatid adoption Of
revisions to•such ordinaim without any farther legislative action by the appropriate city COUROU
and the board of County emmisf Onem It incorporates future changes in NM floodplain
management Cdtoa. It specifies that maps "as aMezided!'"wd a" revision therein" are
automatically bytheWinandewithoutan aMwftCMt0f the Winaim M*fionof
auto -and zones. Plopeiiymay . be -v�� if the
1�ew FEKA maps mayimpadhazards malipifig
that limits or purdhibits land um that previously
local goverrimmit adopts or amends an ordinanct yreqwas
rezone propert
were allowod . in the off zone. An YkIn= tliat-PWPOsts to
tinnolicc.tatieaffected tmdowneiix. A zoning ordinanct-th3t incorporates bYrefcmcculI
More amendiftentj or moffificaflons of flood 4suraim. m4• and subsequent ravidons is an
unlawful dclegWdn of ]OLOO&O WIthOxitY.'TO i=rPOratO fiftrd changes to aft.ord'Wince will
unlawfully delegate 6 another body; pesson, or cWtY such as FEMA the power to change that.
'cTdmaoce, which is a power thaf should be reserved to the city council or the board Ofcauritk
State law atN.C_G.S. §143215:560 prQyides that once MAepproves the floodPIdin
map for theNM; dia% dabhlwal govwimentiflacted by the hoodplamnyqs�incorpdrde the
-rdvitdd MOO into its flOOdPlOin ordinance. . state law at M.C.036 9153A2-47 and MC.G.S. 116OA-
74(b) provide that a city or couftty may adopt in an ordinance reolations promnlgawdby a
public agency. 'These statutes, N.C.O.S. §153A-47 and §160A- 76(b), seem to-perimt a.countyor
eayto adapt the federal regulations *diiudpted.bya public agency, FEM& S0fCMlY these .
statutes, N.C.G.S. §153A-47 and §16DA;-76(b); semi. topermit a county orci" adept FFM'sV
ndesjucluftgbut may not.bre limited W, 44 CXYL ParW 59 mid 65, fdrth=aWWgofsPWW
ity or countyih# adopt in its
hood hazard a=."Umste statutes seem to suggest that the -61
ordinance FMWs ftdtjtlons fQr•mapping.'spacial flood hazirdarcas: Itis unclear whether
permit a city or county W !wAqMrAO
§153A47 and §160A-76(b), V
FMA!i; (Oft" rides or fixtigra;imendIfticaits for mapping special flood hazard tunas.
State law at N.CG.S. §.160A-384, §153A-343 and- §153A-344 outlinatpedfic procedti'm,
for dineading zoning ordinances for cities, towns and counties, mspedv*, 111PIT414b(It May
not be limited td. providing HWCOD certain landowners and apublie fienitiX Adq*nof
a Study or the Flood Insurance Maps for an area carder the
=dnilinant to thi Flood Insurance
local jivisdiction fiwstbt,"e in accordance with tho "t0TY pro6edures•at-MCBS. §.160A-
-343 and §1.53A_344: VWle N.C.G.S. ff I 53A-4 and 16OA4 Mmidde that gmt
30, §153A
Orauthority 10 local g6verriments be broadly interpreted, zor#ng authority idannot be exencised in
a manner contrary to the CXPr= Provisions of the zoning enabling authority." In ' o
Lancaster v Mecklenburg Coelho 334 N.C. 496.434 SE2d•604 (1993). It is settled law in
Nora Carolina any zoning ordiitance must be amended in accordance, with state law. "[A] zoning
art in an Do or an amendment thmio which is not adapted in accordance with the enabling statutes
is invalid and ineffective." Sellers v. City of Asheville, 33 N.C. APP. 544, 23 6 S R24 283
,
(1977). it has been hold that thastatestalutotyrequireWO
in addition to complying with be local*
bre
zoning authority must comply with all requirements of its own local zoning ordinance
90
191
page 8 of & -
�z lley Harnett COMM 106 NC: App 234,
adoption ni ariaendm6t rtfa.zodng cadinance.. o -� is authorized to adopt
416 S.E 2d 42.1 (1992). legislative body of a tmmiuipiality
and amend zoning oirlinances, only a law making body can adopt and amend a zoning
ordinance. Leer Boaixi of Adiaetment 226 N.C. 107, 37 S.E2d 129 (1946}; BrvarnT v. i�ilsan-
1963 - ' lication afRca Cazistr. Ca_ 272 X.0 715,159 S.e2d
259 Iq.C.107,130 S.E,2d 69 ( )�
• .887 (1968).
Thus, Borth iraiotirta laR does not coizsiitntiarialiy p
errmiit [+deal governing bodies to
iaconporate by-reference re revipions in flood hPurance ma �sittfrout also, Following the '
visions for amending the ftoodplaizi management acdmanee un e�N.C.o:S.. §160A-
statutory piro '
384; §153A 343 at�d §t53A -344: Ittaccordancewith' oratebymferen e7 and §l �e
-city council or the board of cotrnnissiorims oW incazp • Y
been appxawed by the city_conned orboard Of countyconumssioners in accordanceWi0c
NLC.�ii.S. §160A-384, •§ 153A -343 and .§153A -344. However, if they it 06fPorde fuitue changes t
nr futi we revisions of the maps, this would consdinte.art unlawful delegation of l gislati ve
authority or power. _
•M you know, other states such as Sdnth Carolina, Mississippi, and Om� also t
caitcluded that the incorporation of future c s Of
as i were unconstftu ion 'under their .
,imiaurfnl delegati6in of legislative authority paw
state constitutioft 1
This mefnoiranduin is not an Advisory iiear
andlias not been reviewed and'approved in
accordance with piaeedures for issuing au A?OmeY GenerWs opinion:
g
Sinceidy,
ChpY
Assistant Attorney. 1
.c: Doug Floelf,.Director, N.C. D'nrislan of Emey Management
J. Cin�is Crew, Hazaid Mitigation Section Chic N.C: Division of EM
Lillie Peebles, Agency i,egot Specialist, NC. Division of HM-
9.2
December 12, 2606
VIA FACSIMILE
Mr. Glen Bowles
Orange County Planning Department
-P.O. Box 8181
Hillsborough, NC 27278
Re: Amendment to County Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance To Reflect
Revised•Flood insurance Rate Map Panel
D= Glen:
During the Development Review Committee Mee ting on Thursday, December 7,
cedures
2006 you asked me to advise Stalff�as to the Proper procedures for amending the County's
You informed me that the
existing Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance (TDPO")-
County. is required to amend its FDpoprjor, to February 2, 2006 to incorporate a new
Flood Insurance Rate Map ("FILM") published by the Federal Emergency Management
,CTF
Agency MV,). you fin-ther 4dvised,:as described in the December 4, 2006 letter to
the Orange County Manager (a copy is attached), if the County's FDPO is not revised
according to this deadline, then County residents will become ineligible for the National
Flood Insurance Program ("NFIE").
You . provided me with a copy Of a-letter from William R. Blanton, Chief of
FEMA?s Engineering Management Section addressed to John M. Link that is stamped
with the date of December 2006. This letter states as follows: "Your. community
incorporated is
currently in the six-month ordinance adoption period f or orange County and
areas that will end on February 7, 2007, when the FIS [Flood Insurance, Study] report and
for your comthunity Become eff"Ve.11 The letter goes on to state that
-Communities that fan to amend their ordinance and submit it to the State and Regional
offic6' for review and rip approval will be suspended from participation in the NFIP'.
t
You have informed me.that the February 7, 2007 deadline stated in this letter is in error,
and that you have confirmed with FEMA staff that the six-month ordinance adoption
W
period for orange County actually expires on February 2, 2007, instead of February 7 as
indicated in W. Blantons letter.
I am unclear as to why, Mc. -BlantDrt'S letter triggers .the need f or the County to
amend its existing FDPO and what type of amendment is required_ First, the letter states
that 'the revised FMMs that Staff wishes to incorporate into the FDPO are for Caswell
and Person Counties, not Orange County. The letter also states that,'"Although your
community is unaffected by the updated flood hazard information presented in the FIS
reports and FMMS, your community does lie on one or more of the revised map panels:'
This statement leads me to: the concIpsion that the revised maps and associated reports do
not contain any changes to current Rood hizard data or maps for Orange County. I
assume you have taken the appropriate steps to determine why Orange County is required
to adopt the revised FIRM in its FDPO even though the FIRM does not affect Orange
County..
Secondly, Mr, BlantoWs letter states in two places that the revised map panels
-that Staff wishes, to incorporate into the existing FDPO by amendment do not become
effective until June 4, 2007. Th6 September 14, 2005 letter from the assistant attorney
makes the point that North
general to the N.C. Division of ElfiergencY Management. b6dies to incorporate by
Carolina law does not constitutionally permit local governing -
reference - future revisions in flood insurance maps without first following the statutory
r
requirements for zoning magi amendments. We- agree with this following 'Therefore, it
appears that the County is constitutionWly precluded,ftom taking action in January of
.2007 to adapt.a map revision that does not become effective -until Sum 4, 2007. We do
not recommend making revisions tc) the FDPO that incorporate a future FIRM that is not
effective* on the date the FDPO amendment is enacted.
e
, recommend that you immediately obtain clarity on from these issues f the
office of the N.C. Division of Emergency Management and the North Carolina Attorney
General.
. . When Staff is prepared to proceed with the AmOndinell"o. the. FDPQ we
recommend the following Process.. The otange County FDPO is freestanding. It has not
the
been incorporated info . County% Zoning Ordinance. -However, it is our view that 0110
or Moro, North Carolina Supreme Court decisions .(see for example, C—rqig V_-_Q_;0_Un!Y of
356 9-C. 40 (2002)) teaches that'- FDPO amendments' comply 'with the
procedures for amending the County's Zoning Ordinance and its official Zoning Atlas as
Ordinance. set forth in Article 20 of the Zoning Or ,e. This view is supported by the attached
memorandum from-Assistant NC-Attorney General Cheryl'A. Perry addressed to Phil
i4tsinge procedures for properly
r of the -NM and dated September 14, 2005. * The and the new Map (FIRM)
amending the FDPO to incorporate the now proposed-language
are set forth: below. Furthermore, the safest way to insure FEMA coverage in Orange
County is for the county to readopt the FDPO as amended and with the new maps as
amendments to the County's Zoning Ordinance.
94
Planning Staff recommended this course of action when the FDPO was amended
at the August 28, 1995 BOCC meeting. The abstract for this item states that "Since the
Zoning Ordinance now applies to all of Orange County's planning jurisdiction, the
requirements of the NFIP could be included in the Zoning Ordinance rather than in a
. freestanding Flood.Damiage Pievention Ordinance. inclusion of these provisions in the
Zoning Ordinance which would allow for the. elimination of the FDPO as a• separate
prdinanec, will .be undertaken in the future during the process of creating •a Unified
Development Ordinance." The BOCC meeting abstract making this recommendation is
also-attached. The timeline for integrating the FDPO into the Zoning Ordinance has been
compressed, due* to Noj1h Carolina Supreme Court decisions dispussed above. The
original plan to delay incorporation of the FDPO until the adoption of the Unified
Development Ordinance xnay no longer be an option if the County wishes to participate
in the NFYP in 20077
Section 20.2 of the Zoning Ordinance Permits an amendment to be initiated by the
Board of County. Commissioners on its own motion (the `BOCC"), the Planning Board,
or by any person or agency that submits an application. Specifically; Section 2Q.3.2(b)
requires that applications for text amendment contain, among other items, a written
statement which describes "in detail" ebanges.which the applicant proposes to make. The
completed application is then reviewed by the Zoning Officer who causes an analysis to
be made of the application and prepares a recommendation for consideration by the.
Planning. Board and the. BOCC. Thereafter, the BOCC and. the Planning Board hold a
property noticed joint public hearing on the proposed amendment.. Section 20.6.1 of the
Zoning Ordinance requires that `2%ti ce of public hearing shall.•be given'by publishing
said notice at least twice in a newspaper of general circulation in the County, stating the
time and place of such hearng and the substance of the proposed amendment." The first
notice must be published not less than ten days nor more than twenty, five days before the
`
data of the public hearing.
As - mentioned above, the amendment in -this case involves not •only a text
amendment to the Zoning Ordinance to incorporate the FDPO in its entirety, but also an
amendment to the Zoning Atlas to incorporate the newly revised FIRM into the Zoning..
Ordinance: Article 2U that additional notice procedures be followed in the case
cif a •map amendment Specifically, Section 20.63 requires the County to provide written
notice of the public•heariing via certified mail to the alf1'ected'•property owners and all
adjacent properly owners whose property lies within five hundred feet of the affected
proper- This notice must be sent no less'than fifteen days.befare the hearing date. The
Zoning officer must certify to the BOCC that the notices were properly.mailed.
Following the date of the public hearing, the proposed amendment shall be
referred to the Planning Board for its consideration and recommendation. The Planning
Board then submits its recommendation to the BOCC at a• date certain. under Section
20..7.1. The BOCC shall not consider enactment of the proposed amendment until the
Planning Board makes its recommendation or takes no action on the application. Tlie..
BOCC then makes its decision on the amendment.
As you know, it has been the normal course of conduct for the Planning Board to s
consider ordinance amendments that relate to land use and zoning is as ibis
amendment does, prior to being presented to the Board of County Camissianiers. It is
unclear to me how an of this may be accomplished given that January 23, 2007 is the last
remaining BQCC meeting before the February 2, 2007 deadline.
Please let me know ifyou have any questions . regarding this letter.
Best Regards,
GOLEMAId, GLEDH[LL, HARGRAVE, & PEED. P.C.
Brian K Ferrell
cc: Laura Blackmon
Craig Benedict
M.
January 7,2009
Mi. Craig Benedict, Director
Orange County Plannhig Department'
P.O. Box 818.1 .
Hillsborough, NC 27278
Re: Amendments to COURtY Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance
Dear Craig.
This letter is to reiterate our recommendation to the planning Department that the County's Flood
'Damage Prevention Ordinance CFDPU) should be amended in the same manner as the County's Zoning
Ordinance and Z on,n Atlas are amended as set forth in Article 20 of the zoning ordinance. This letter is
- v
by my,receipt on January 5, 208, of a draft copy of a public* hearing notice for a hearing to be
hold at
prompted Central Orange senior Center, 515.Meadowland Drive, Hillsborough, North Carolina on
rested citizens an opportunity to speak for interested January 22, 2009 at 7:30 PM for the PUIPOS6 of giving all from various correspondences with Glen
or against various amendments to the FDPO. I understand required by the Federal
Bowles, -the C0UIIVs Flood Plain Manager, that•the Proposed amendments are
Emergency Management Agency CFogAr) in order for County residents to remain eligible for the
Program. The proposed ordinance amendments address a "number of problems"
Federal Flood Insurance in
with the current FDPO as identified by Kenneth W. Ashe, Assistant Director of the North Carolina
Department of Crime Control and Public Safety Division of Emergency Management m a letter to then
Board of Commissioners Chair, Barry Jacobs, •on November 7, 2008. A copy of Mr. Ashe's letter is
attached.
I -understand from. conversations with you and with Glen Bowles, that the County has been
notified by the State FEMA office that it is in danger of being removed from the Federal Flood Insurance
Program if it does not amend the FDPO by the end of January 2009 to address the issues with the FDPO
raised by NIT. Ashe. I also understand that the County has not received formal written notification of the
pending suspension. The Planning Department is apparently moving forward -with noticing a public
hearing that is to be held on January 22 which is the same night the Board of County Commissioners will
be asked to vote on the amendments. it is our view that moving forward with amendments. to the FDPO
without following-the requirements of the County Zoning Ordinance . is not a good idea.
I wrote to Glen Bowles, copying you and Lam Blickmon, on December 12, 2006 and on
January'5, 2G07 outlining the reasons -why the FDPO should be incorporated into the County's Zoning
Ordinance and why amendments to the FDPO should be handled in the same manner as amendments to
the County's Zoning Ordinance and Zonirig Atlas are adopted- The.most recent amendments to the
FDPO were adopt6d on January 23, 2007. The agWda item.abstract for the January 23, 2007.mee�ting, a
,copy of which is attached, rec#iested authorization for staff to, "initiate the Zoning Ordinance amendment
.Process to incorporate thdF]RM into the Zoning ordinance as a new y
overl' district and to incorporate
a
suggested by the September 14, 2005 letter from Cheryl A. Perry
the FDPO into the Zoning Ordinance as " This was never done.. Now,
and the December 12, 2006 letter from the County Attorney's Office
instead of fallowing the recommendations of this office and the authority given to the Planning
Department by the BOCC for amending the FDPO and incorporating the same into the Zoning Ordinance,
the Planning Department has cho sen to move forward with amendments to the FDPO as a standalone.
ordinance. I understand you are concerned that there is not enough time to i6flow the zoning ordinance
Ordinance, which requires of the Zonirequires a public, hearing on
amendment process set forth in Article
the amendments followed by a referral of the amendments to the Planning Board for recommendation
before, returning the amendments-to the BOCC for a final vote, before FEMA removes Orange County
from the Federal Hood Insurance Program.
As I -wrote previously, if the Planning Department moves forward. with the public hearing on the.
FDPO amendments on January 22, 2009 followed by a request by the BOCC t6 adopt the amendnients
without incorporating the FDPO into the County's cinrent. Zoning Ordinance, then the FDPO may be
subject to legal challenge on the grounds that the zoning regulations were not adopted pursuant to the
requirements .of State law. For the reasons stated in this letter, and for the reasons stated in our letters to
the Planning Department of December 12, 2006 and January 5, 2007, we recommend that the FDPO be
incorporated into the County's Zoning Ordinance and Zoning-Atlas by amendment as set forth in Article
20*of the Zoning Ordinance.
YOU outlined this same process and a timeline for adoption of the necessary Zoning Ordinance
Amendments by March of this year in your November 12, 2008 letter * to Kenneth W. Ashe. We
recommend you follow through on the proposal you submitted to Mr. Ashe in your November 12, 2008
letter.
Please let me know if you have any questions regarding this letter.
Best Regards,
COLEMAN, GLEDHILL, HARORAVEI & PEEK P.C.
Brian M. Ferrell
Attachments
Laura Blackmon
Glen Bowles
Geof Gledhill
Annette Moore
97
98
su •_• 4 �LtEaGbinent 1
North CaroHmDepaxtmea of Crime Control mdFubiio Safety
DM.6ion of Rmergeucy �axlage�mexlt
Offioo of Getispaiad and TeGbimlogy Maatagemel;t
' 4919 WaH S— ADM {C;� - k9,4A NC 27699 -4719
NSte1�e11? JEds1e¢ - $ryenf{,Beatty .
SecseEary
N"ovewl= 7, 2008
M'ic R=5f Ywobs -
Chaitm=6 Board of Commissioners
orate Conay .. -
20D South Owderon, Street
Post office Box,8181
Hillsborosgb, Xmih Carolina 2727.8
Ike: b7a tiond Mood Insurance Program. OW)P)
Comnuim 0stance Visit (CAsif )
Dear ivu Jacobs:
This letter is a IiSllow up•to jhe CAV conducted in � Orange CoUnty plat►ning and •Agriculture
lading on .August 22, 2008 With Mir C•llcm.13owles by.W.. Fandlr I%Il ndt and •112r- bt *
alon ivifh
Staabrd of ft N'oith Cat�nlitut-17nvisiou a Iimergenoy �`? g
a=Gul anf:.Maggie. Mag3is. 'Mr. BGvdcs has been. very heiisfut #hraughauE tliig process in
misweir"ng gaection's, obtaining copies of j4&ed jAw records and being available to- assist
"" during the fielciwairlc eendueted justlsririr 4xt thus visit. . • - •
RX oidx- to•paracipate ina flue NjW,-:pw community bus beep. r4quked to establish, aB.a"ster,
all(I enfarco a Boodpl& that meets or exceeds the minii }m'staudards
established. by ft NFR as Beet fcdd L in T.0t . 44, Code .of FedeW. Regutafiious (CM),. Section
'Though. paxd*Won in the NFR is vo'lnhtary foie cammu�i€ies meeft MIP• standards,
That partx ati n allows Local Cilikima to ofitain, afi 0t+ble flood insurance flm on& the NM as
wen- wen tna`st Qty state and fedei6I disaster assistaztca. Cff gr9afesi >ml►axtance, the goal
o €paxlicipatibji is the NFR is to reduce the loss of lives and prGPl,*. As o'bser cd in •w &ingg
with yon staff dudhz this visit giig vision is •z a&ri;tooci by Orange. t0tmty,. 'ibux COMMZ& y's
cominit pent tn• coma flaodplaiu snanagertteut ig •appamnt in the conservation of your 9094, IE(M
in its rat and eloped state. 17uer, your colMumty's commitmemt th eosuxing ar solid
i
9.9
6 IVY£. S'awba ,
November 7, 2008
Page
flaodplaim management program is reflected in your adoption of basher regulatory standards and
in your hgaest inj oining the Con njunity rang System.
Orange Gaunty has paiticipated an the ergmry Phase of flue NFIP aincie 3a1y 1S; 7975, thus
Miciang flood insurance available to property' owners tbrouglx the NtV " sia " as date. On.
�1? 1f, 1981, the Federal. $mergenay'I�lanagdikdt Agaznc�► q A.) canve�rt the County
into theRegialar Phase of the NF)p bringing IZ'' benefits to the citizens of the County. Our
• :rawrds indicate .that these are currently 62 flood insnrrwce policies in franca within the
1r7'am ami)orated Areas of Orange County for coverage k fhe amount of over W mMOU dailaxe.
Since the Couniy.entered the Regular Phase of the IFIP in: 1981, there have been claims totaling
$98,917.
The pwposa of-Us letter is to idectft any findings of dzHo encies in or violations of Orafte
gounty's floodplain m=%enuat l Wgram arzd
to region " cwt reciive act'mris and Hama
reclnarements needed to remedy thOW,
Based ctn the field survey of flood hazard .areas, an =zra imtion:• of deuelopnaent psrmit and
jnt&v3.ers, the N( Team found your staff to be knowledgeable: of the NI ;legulat OM and
interested in proper enforcement of CowA -f s Flood Dartnage Prevexngou pace.
�` survey and visit xavveaded that There has been no development in 9 - floadplain'for several,
tears. This seems reasonable jiven the County's designation. of conservatiiiii areas mad staeam
b�ufferxegulations and giverithe amount offloodplaiin is.st�f compared to the undeveloped 1=4
areas of Orange Cow.
The County's• Flood Damage Vrevent%on Ordinance adopted is •2007 � been revi owed.. A
number ofpro bI6ns have bow idled with Ile CaunWs'ordfi)M�• Speoificaily';amemberof
deflrxitions and cross. %e o rea 'cesueca -ou. T. additlob,' tlia 1061Wy includes' an
"A�aEnmEaiics Adcrlit att0°
provision in its ordi"Q e, ' ()r •nGes 6kitalnirt 6 6 MADMatic ar�optian
provisions vrere determined by ft State Office of Aftax�xey G�,iia�al:in S'ept�mber 2'1105 `fu
not be campfiaut.• While•the Coutn% may leave in the•auirrmatie adeptioan language, iWs section
t jxusi- speciileally reference the re xttlp effective miap panel (3710959 000) elated iVfay 16,.
20Q8:
T} jWgU ge ixn•9eati6n.42 -38 sii6 d also be xevised •t�o•xemove referandea to the Flood Hazard -
Bound - ' � and Flood Boundaxy Fiuodwa3r Map.' Bath of tl>es+� are Obsolete* rnap pr
have no cu xe ii.xeleiraincji in your colnx tunny: A °ropy ref oin`'Caa pietecl ordinabee cheak list
" wexe wad Is a##whdd
. • v�►lnieh laigbligbis the areas ?inhere •deflcioticies �. y own Cnuxe>zt ;6xilintances ; t no layer
f0i your review. Please m ka ft necessity carr�ectianns at your ea %gist r iigen%nce, l rra
than November MOM. Upon c tiipletion of'adaptica of tile needed 4mg —es; please Bead. a
certi$eci copy to this office to tha atteintion of Ik/!r, F xdpMund#~
We would Moto take dais opportunity to maind you that Federal Code rec kes finat carnpliatnce
records must be maintained (04able. Von request) on all development in your SPedd Flvoel
ward Arees In petrpetdity aio under to ascertain whether or not the davelapz3aezit complies with .
applicable ffaadplain nnaiugement. regWationns.•• A strnwture or atinar development without the
proper flood records such. as permits, ceri ied elevation data, or other certifications, as xequa;ed .
in 44 CFX sectio0i 60.9 (a)(1), (b)(5), (c)(d)a te)t1 �)► td)C3 , (e)(27, (e)t }, or (e)(5) is presumed
to be in violation until such docummftRon is provided: _
100
` I& Jacobs 7
November 7, 2008
Page 3
if you need additional time to complete, to revise and adopt your Hood Damage R.educt:lon Ordinance,
please submit a retest for an extension in writing prior to the October 30, 2008 deadline.
Please express our $inks and appreciation to Mr. Bowles for his lime and assistance in conjunction j
with this visit.
Should you. have any questions regarding the CA'V, please contact Mr. Randy Mundt at his office at
(9 19) 715 -5711, extension 119 or through email at rnimdt@nceni.org. We look forward to worldng !
with you is the fature in your efforts to promote better floodpliin. management
Sincerely yours,
KennetiiW. Ashe, P.E., CFM
Assistant Dkeotor
Enclosure
ec: Mss Laura Blackmon, Orange County Manager Mr. Glenn
Bowles, ATCP, CFK Orange County Planner Mr. Craig Benedict,
Planning Director hft. Glee, NCEM Area. 15'Coordinator Ivin Randy
Itllnmdt, futeritu State NFiP Coordinator, NGEM Mr. Marls Stafcd,
Commmuty Development Planner, NCEM Mr. Prasad. Iwmula, FEMA
Region N Mr. John Doman, Director, NCFMP Mr. Kenneth Ash%
Assistant Director,%ICFMP File
4 -a f -,0 �
T Sb
property owners within 500 feet should also be notified.
Shannon Berry said that the property will be posted and there will be signs, but the
adjacent owners will not receive a mailing.
PUBLIC COMMENT:
Reverend Robert Campbell said that he has asked to be notified of issues that affect the
entire community. He thinks that everyone should be notified if something affects the whole
community.
Commissioner Nelson arrived at 7.59 pm.
Susan Walser said that she lives in the County on 20 acres and the people that border
her have a lot of acreage. If there was something going on with her property, only one or two
people would be notified, and she does not think that this is sufficient.
A motion was made by Commissioner Gordon, seconded by Commissioner Jacobs to
clarify the language in the case of amendments to the land use plan map, that written notice of
the application will be sent by first class mail to all property owners as listed in the Orange
County tax records whose property is affected, which means that the site is proposed for the
land use change; and also sent to those who are within 500 feet of the affected property.
Commissioner Jacobs said that the public asked the County Commissioners to extend
the notification beyond 500 feet. He asked for direction from staff on this.
Laura Blackmon said that for large tracts of land the notifications could be for contiguous
properties.
Craig Benedict said that there is a challenge explaining to people greater than 500 feet
that really were not being affected by anything. If the notification is 1,000 feet for
Comprehensive Plan amendments and 500 feet for zoning, the letter of clarity will be a
challenge. He suggested keeping it 500 feet so that the letter will be simpler.
VOTE: UNANIMOUS
Commissioner Jacobs said that at the last work session the Board talked about
communicating better with the public. When this came up at the Quarterly Public Hearing on
February 23rd, this came up about trying to limit Planning-ese when running advertisements. He
said that this is some of the most forbidding language that could be put in a newspaper. He said
that the American Planning Association must have a listsery and there might be more creative
ways to draw people's attention to advertisements.
A motion was made by Commissioner Jacobs, seconded by Chair Foushee to close the
public hearing and approve the proposed amendments, with the changes by the Commissioners,
to Article 2 of the Zoning Ordinance to clarify the language and clearly articulate the procedures
for amendments to the adopted Comprehensive Plan.
VOTE: UNANIMOUS
b. Subdivision Regulations, Zoning Ordinance, and Atlas Amendments to
Create a New Zoning Ordinance Overlay District and Incorporate Flood Protection
Standards
The Board considered recommendations from the Planning Board on proposed
amendments to Orange County Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance, Subdivision Regulations,
Zoning Ordinance and Zoning Atlas.
Planning Director Craig Benedict said that this public hearing was left open until tonight
for any additional information and comments. It has been asked of the County to incorporate the
flood ordinance into the zoning code and subdivision ordinance where it applies. FEMA has
0
recommended that the County make changes within the original ordinance and put it in the place
in order to stay eligible for the National Flood Insurance Program. This would create a new
zoning overlay district, which would map the flood plains and put it on the zoning maps. He
made a PowerPoint presentation.
Board of County Commissioners
April 21, 2009
AGENDA ITEM: 513
PUBLIC HEARING
Flood Protection Standards as
• Text Changes to Subdivision Regulations and Zoning Ordinance, and
• Atlas Amendments to create a new Zoning Ordinance Overlay District.
Orange County Planning Staff
Presently: Freestanding Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance
Proposed: Incorporate Flood Damage Prevention standards into Zoning Ordinance &
Subdivision Regulations at
Suggested by: State Attorney General's Office and the County Attorney
Further, FEMA and North Carolina Emergency Management has recommended several text and
map amendments to address various necessary changes in order for the County to continue to
remain eligible for participation within the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP)
Proposal Includes:
1. FDPO text into Zoning Ord.
2. Creating a new zoning overlay district reflecting the adopted February 2, 2007 FIRM,
3. Reaffirming all FIRM amendments (LOMA, LOMR, & SOMA) since 2007,
4. FDPO text into Subdivision Regulations
Typical Existing Flood Plain Data
Planning Board Recommendation
At their March 4, 2009 meeting, the Board voted eight (8) to two (2) to recommend approval of
staff's proposal regarding:
•incorporating the amended FDPO text into the Zoning Ordinance text;
•Creating a new Zoning Overlay District — Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHA);
•Affirming the various amendments to the FIRM Map; and
"Correcting definitions and references in the text of the Subdivision Regulations to reflect FDPO
terminology.
Administration Recommendation:
•Receive the Planning Board recommendation,
•Close the public hearing, and
r, AS,
•Adopt the resolution (Attachment One (1)) that amends the FDPO, Zoning Ordinance text,
Zoning Atlas, and Subdivision Regulations as detailed within the abstract
Commissioner Gordon asked why the two members of the Planning Board voted against
this and Planner Glen Bowles said that one voted against it because she was concerned that the
County's regulations exceeded FEMA's, and she was also concerned about an enforcement
case she was involved in. The other negative vote was against that vote.
Commissioner Jacobs said that on page 75, some of the concerns were addressed in
the memo about how to deal with maintenance to private roads and farm lanes. In looking at the
Planning Board minutes, he said that it would be nice, if there is a minority vote, to see the
names of the people who voted in the minority.
Commissioner Jacobs said that the reason he pulled the February 23rd minutes from the
consent agenda was because he did not understand the first paragraph about his comment. He
asked for clarification on this.
Craig Benedict said that the question was whether people within 500 feet of the affected
property would be affected by this and he answered that they would not, but the zoning code
requires that the property owners be notified.
Commissioner Yuhasz said that at the last Quarterly Public Hearing, he expressed
concerns about adopting these changes into the zoning ordinance, particularly with respect to
zoning on bona fide farms. He said that the Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance was designed
to do something different than the zoning ordinance and it is not wise to include these
requirements within the zoning ordinance. He thinks that there are likely to be unintended
consequences to people as the zoning regulations are enforced through and in these flood
plains. He will vote against this for those reasons.
Commissioner Jacobs said that there was considerable discussion by the Planning
Board about the way in which this was or was not to be applied to bona fide farming. He asked
Geof Gledhill for his opinion about how the County should regard bona fide farms and regulating
flooding on land that is used in bona fide farming operation through the zoning ordinance.
Geof Gledhill said that a Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance is a zoning ordinance
because it meets the definition of a zoning ordinance. This is the main reason that the
Administration recommendation is to put this into the zoning ordinance. He thinks that Orange
County has two zoning ordinances right now. The bona fide farm exemption, in his opinion, is
not likely to be significant, even if there is a challenge to the application of the flood damage
prevention regulations to bona fide farming operations. He said that the fact that the North
Carolina Land Use Regulation Authority exempts bona fide farms and these federally- sponsored
and federally- funded flood damage prevention regulations do not recognize that is, in his
judgment, an issue that could be addressed by the General Assembly.
NO PUBLIC COMMENT
A motion was made by Commissioner Hemminger, seconded by Commissioner Jacobs
to close the public hearing, and adopt the resolution (attachment one) that amends the FDPO,
Zoning Ordinance text, Zoning Atlas, and Subdivision Regulations by:
a. Incorporating the amended FDPO text into the Zoning Ordinance text;
b. Creating a new Zoning Overlay District — Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHA) for
inclusion on the Zoning Atlas;
c. Affirming the various amendments to the FIRM (future SFHA Overlay District) that
FEMA approved on February 2, 2007;