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HomeMy WebLinkAboutAgenda - 02-02-1999 - 10dORANGE COUNTY BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS ACTION AGENDA ITEM ABSTRACT Meeting Date: February 2, 1999 Action Agenda Item No. /O -j SUBJECT: High School Construction Standards Task Force Recommendations DEPARTMENT: County Manager/Budget PUBLIC HEARING: (Y/N) BUDGET AMENDMENT: (Y/N) ATTACHMENT(S): Task Force Report INFORMATION CONTACT: Steve Halkiotis, Task Force Chair, 732 -8126 Rod Visser, Asst County Mgr, ext 2300 Donna Dean, Budget Director, ext 2151 TELEPHONE NUMBERS: Hillsborough 732 -8181 Chapel Hill 968 -4501 Durham 688 -7331 Mebane 336- 227 -2031 PURPOSE: To receive a report from the High School Construction Standards Task Force concerning recommendations for the physical space profile and other standards to be observed in the design and construction of future new high school space in Orange County. BACKGROUND: In September 1997, the Orange County Board of County Commissioners convened a High School Construction Standards Task Force. This six - member task force included two representatives from the Board of County Commissioners and two representatives from each of the two School Boards. • Orange County Board of County Commissioners: Moses Carey, Stephen Halkiotis • Chapel Hill - Carrboro Board of Education: Elizabeth Carter, Ken Touw • Orange County Board of Education: Susan Dovenbarger, Rick Kennedy In developing standards for future high school construction in Orange County, the task force used North Carolina Department of Public Instruction (DPI) guidelines for a "typical high school "; space profiles for East Chapel Hill High School; and information developed by Orange County Schools staff members. In keeping with the charge from the Board of County Commissioners, the task force considered in its discussions: • The ability to expand a new high school's capacity from 1,000 children to 1,500 • Location of a new high school • Energy efficiency standards and day lighting • Cost control and construction management The task force agreed that the DPI guidelines were reasonable standards to use at the local level. In the draft report from the Task Force, Appendices A and B include square footage standards as outlined by the State, modified to reflect focal needs as recommended by the Task Force. DPI guidelines are viewed by the State as minimum space requirements, and in many functional areas, Orange County standards allow for more space to provide greater flexibility to meet the educational specifications that will be developed for any new high school's program of instruction. FISCAL IMPACT: Receipt of this report has no direct, immediate fiscal impact. However, the Board's decision at a subsequent meeting to adopt these recommendations, or a modified set of standards, will significantly affect the design and construction cost of the new high school in Orange County, and any other future new high school space that may be needed. RECOMMENDATION(S): The Manager recommends that the Board receive the report as information at this time, and provide direction to staff on modifications (if any) needed to the Task Force's recommendations. The final high school construction standards would then be prepared for formal adoption by the Board of Commissioners at a future regular meeting. Orange County, North Carolina January 1999 i 4 Table of Contents Background Capacity School Sites Interior Building Space Allocations Classroom Standards Media Center Standards Physical Education Standards Administration Standards Student Support Areas Standards Staff Support Areas Standards CafeterialFood Service Standards Commons /Circulation/EntriesBuilding Support Standards Cost per Square Foot Other Facility Considerations Technology Infrastructure Energy Efficiencies Materials 1 1 1 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 Appendices Appendix A — Space Allocation/Square Footage Assignments (1,000 Student Capacity) 6 Appendix B - Space AllocationlSquare Footage Assignments (1,506 Student Capacity) 9 Appendix C — Estimated Cost of New High School 12 Appendix D — Energy Efficiency in Public Schools 13 High School Construction Standards Background 5 In September 1997, the Orange County Board of County Commissioners convened a High School Construction Standards Task Force. This six - member task force included two representatives from the Board of County Commissioners and two representatives from each of the two School Boards. Orange County Board of County Commissioners Moses Carey Stephen Halkiotis Chapel Hill - Carrboro City School Board Elizabeth Carter Ken Touw Orange County School Board Susan Dovenbarger Rick Kennedy In developing standards for future high school construction in Orange County, the task force used North Carolina Department of Public Instruction (DPI) guidelines for a "typical high school "; space profiles_ for East Chapel Hill High School; and information developed by Orange County Schools staff members. The task force paid particular attention to: • The ability to expand a new high school's capacity from 1,000 children to 1,500; • Location of a new high school; • Energy efficiency standards and day lighting; and, • Cost control and construction management. The task force agreed that the DPI guidelines were reasonable standards to use at the local level. Appendices A and B include square footage standards as outlined by the State, modified to reflect local needs as recommended by the task force. DPI guidelines are viewed by the State as minimum space requirements, and in many functional areas, Orange County standards allow for more space to provide greater flexibility to meet the educational specifications that will be developed for any new high school's program of instruction. Capacity The capacity of the Orange County standard high school is 1,000 students with the ability to expand to 1,500 students in future years as necessary. School Sites The March 1998 North Carolina Public School Facilities Guidelines report recommends a high school site have a minimum of thirty usable acres plus one usable acre per each 100 average daily membership (students). The minimum school site for a 1,000 - student high school is forty acres, and for a 1,500 - student high school, it is forty-five acres. 1 b Minimum acreage refers to usable land, land that can be developed. Additional acreage should be considered to account for areas that cannot be built upon, such as steep slopes, wetlands, rights -of -way, easements, setbacks, buffers, or poor soils. Another reason to consider additional acreage is the need to meet requirements imposed by local ordinances. Restrictions governing the ratio of land that can be disturbed within a development and the permitted amount of impervious surface will affect the ultimate size of the site In addition, acreage for on -site parking needs should also be considered. Spaces should be provided for all staff, itinerant specialists, and visitors. Parking should be provided for one -third or more of the student population. Community use of the facility and physical education fields could possibly increase the size of the school site. For example, if a stadium and spectator parking are anticipated, an additional area of ten acres or more may be necessary. The expanding number of high school athletic teams is another reason for a larger school site. In addition to football and soccer teams, athletic facilities may also be required for lacrosse and field hockey teams. The Orange County high school standard profile cites a range of 40-60 acres, to accommodate the potential acreage additions that may be necessary because of specific site topography, configuration, or athletic facilities. Interior Building Space Allocations 1. Classroom Standards The Orange County standards are within the ranges provided by the State Department of Public Instruction and provide for technology to be integrated into the classrooms. Square footage for regular classrooms allows for five computers and ranges from 850 to 950 square feet per classroom. Square footage for other classrooms - science, exceptional children, arts education, and workforce development - is based on the function that each serves. The narrative below provides additional information not detailed in the Appendices. Remediation and Resource Labs - One or more small -group classrooms should be provided for remediation, conferencing, guidance, and testing for groups up to twelve. Some smaller rooms may also be needed in addition to the 450 square foot rooms to allow for smaller group activities. Orange County standards provide for 900 -1,800 square feet for this function, depending on the design capacity of the high school. Exceptional Education - Programs for exceptional children vary depending on local factors which may result in spaces that are larger than the DPI minimum guidelines. Additional support spaces may be necessary for exceptional education purposes depending upon the program. Specialized spaces, such as cooking areas, toilets, bath/shower rooms, laundries, observation rooms, and special equipment to accommodate certain disabilities may be required. Orange County standards provide for 1,250 -3,300 square feet for this function, depending on the design capacity of the high school. Instrumental and Vocal Classrooms - The State Department of Public Instruction facility guidelines indicate that their square footage guidelines for both the Instrumental Classroom and the Vocal 2 7 Classroom/Music Library may be small. Some references recommend 10 -18 square feet per singer for Vocal Rooms (more if choreographed) and 25 -35 square feet per student for Instrumental Rooms. Class sizes for these programs are often large; 40 -80 students or more is not unusual. The Orange County standards provide for a range of 2,800 -3,600 square feet for these classrooms. Dance Classroom - Dressing rooms and access to showers for dance students are desirable in high schools. If located adjacent to the gymnasium locker rooms, this space can be combined. 1,800 -2,000 square feet are included in the Orange County standards for this function. Workforce Development - Facilities for high school Workforce Development programs are often large, extensively equipped, and more expensive than regular classrooms because of their similarity to industry. Square footage included in the appendix indicates the guidelines as outlined by DPI. A basic high school vocational education program must offer at least three of the workforce development programs. Many high schools offer all seven programs including agricultural, health occupations, business, family and consumer sciences, marketing, technology, and trade and industrial. The number and types of laboratories depend on local factors. More than one laboratory for a program such as family and consumer sciences education may be necessary in larger schools. Another factor to consider is the co -use of the darkroom of a school. A larger - than- standard darkroom with additional storage could serve art and science programs as well as workforce development programs. The Orange County high school standards assume that all seven programs may be provided. Space is allocated for each, with the total ranging from 10,750 to 16,100 square feet. 2. Media Center Standards The capacity for the media center of the school should be ten percent of the average daily membership of the school. State guidelines recommend that the media center be located on the ground floor, be single story, and convenient to all learning areas of the school. Minimum support areas include offices, work/production rooms, conference rooms, periodical storage, audiovisual equipment storage, and spaces for professional collections. State guidelines recommend that the media center's location should not preclude future expansion of the facility. Orange County standards provide for 7,740 to 8,740 square feet for this function, depending on the design capacity of the high school. 3. Physical Education Standards The State square footage guidelines for high school physical education facilities vary. Orange County gymnasium standards include space for two play courts, spectator seating, dressing, and shower areas, storage, and a lobby. Showers should be available for both physical education and athletic programs. In addition to the main gymnasium, Orange County standards provide for an auxiliary gym of 6,500 square feet in the 1,500 student profile, in keeping with DPI recommendations to incorporate this space for high schools with 1,200 or more students. 4. Administration Standards The size of the Central Office will vary according to staffing. Partition construction should allow for flexibility of recommended space. Orange County high school standards provide for a range of 2,200- 2,350 square feet for administration. 3 8 5. Student Support Areas Standards The State provides space guidelines for smaller high schools with one guidance counselor. Larger schools require additional counselor offices, and 3 or 5 offices are included in the 1,000 and 1,500 student Orange County high school profiles, respectively. The reception area may need to be expanded to handle the number of students who may use catalogs and other materials in the guidance center. Areas designated for other student services may house social workers, psychologists, or other health professionals. Overall student support space ranges from 1,550 to 1,850 square feet. 6. Staff Support Areas Standards DPI recommends combined or shared office and workspace areas for teachers. This provides for more efficient and flexible use of offices and workspaces. Guidelines state that efficiency can be significantly enhanced by providing teacher office /planning areas in an area separate from but near to the classroom. By providing a separate space for planning, telephoning, and other work, classrooms are available for all periods of the day. In addition, workspace should be provided for instructional, lab, and clerical teacher assistants. One office /workspace per projected itinerant teacher plus an appropriate number for volunteers and student teachers is recommended. One or more centralized workroom(s) is /are recommended for copy machines, specialized computers, and other equipment and supplies that are not typically located in teacher offices /workspaces. Faculty size and building layout will determine the size and number of lounges. It is recommended that limited kitchenette facilities be included in each lounge. Orange County standard profiles provide for a range from 4,760 to 8,433 square feet for staff support space, depending on the school's design capacity. 7. Cafeteria/Food Service Standards The minimum guidelines for nutrition facilities are based on a traditional program that includes full - service kitchen and seating to accommodate the entire student body in shifts. Dining room area may be reduced for schools with open lunch policies, although this is not assumed in Orange County standards. The dining area size is determined by dividing the number of participating children by the number of seatings multiplied by the square footage per pupil (size = ADM / number of seatings x square foot per pupil). For the Orange County standards, three seatings are assumed for the 1,000 - student high school while four seatings are assumed for the 1,500- student school. 8. Commons /Circulation/Entries/Building Support Standards This area includes corridors, stairs, school commons areas, entries, mechanical areas, and storage. Corridors receive a high volume of traffic during class changes. Wide, generous corridors of 12 feet significantly enhance safety and security. Commons, not corridors, should be designed as the social center for students. Location and design of commons areas are more important than size. Bus rider entries and automobile rider entries should receive equal attention. DPI square footage guidelines for building support areas vary from school to school. For Orange County standards, a larger allowance for circulation and building support is provided at the high school level than at the elementary (33 %) or middle school (35 %) level. The high school profile allows 45% of other building square footage for these functions. 0 9 Cost per Square Foot $110 per square foot for construction is the 1998 assumed cost of high school construction. Prevailing market factors, inflationary impacts, and the use of alternative design such as the unitary systems approach should be factored in, as appropriate for future high school planning. Other Facility Considerations 1. Technology Infrastructure The State Department of Public Instruction encourages school systems to install up -to -date technology infrastructure for use by all students, faculty, and staff. When funds are not available for the installation of complete systems, the State recommends that school systems provide empty conduits and cable trays. In addition, space should also be allocated for local and wide area networks, file servers and other equipment. Wiring closets may be replaced with fiber -optic cable. This may be a more cost efficient manner to provide connectivity. For planning purposes, the Department of Public Instruction suggests a cost allowance for technology infrastructure of $8.25 per building square footage. This is consistent with the construction standards adopted for elementary and middle schools in Orange County. 2. Energy Efficiencies During the planning process, special attention should be given to creating fiscally sound energy efficiencies. Ways to achieve this include: • Choosing efficient lighting systems and energy management controls, • Considering solar orientation, earth integration, and plantings and landscaping in siting the facility, • Selecting energy efficient heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems; and • Exploring solar energy including day lighting and passive solar heating. Life cycle cost analyses should be used when choosing energy systems. Appendix D provides further detail as presented by the County Engineer to the High School Construction Standards Task Force. 3. Materials Construction materials should be selected based on low maintenance and high durability. The presumed life cycle of each new high school is a minimum of fifty years. 5 10 High School Construction Standards Appendix A Space Allocation /Square Footage Assignments (1,000 Student Capacity) 1000 student ca aci Square Footage Total S uare Ft From To # rooms From To "Re7gular room with 5 computers 850 950 22 18,700 20,900 Science Labs, Prep and Storage Physical Science 1,200 1,200 1 1,200 1,200 Biology 1,200 1,200 2 2,400 2,400 Physics 1,200 1,200 1 1,200 1,200 Earth Science 1,400 1,400 1 1,400 1,400 Chemistry 1,500 1,500 1 1,500 1,500 Storage/Pre Rooms (Biolo , Chemistry, Physics) 250 1per 2 labs 1 21 500 1 500 Remediation & resource labs 450 450 11 450 450 Exceptional Children Exceptional Children Self- Contained (8 to 12 student cap 800 1,200 1 800 1,200 Exce tional Education Resource Room (for groups up to 450 450 1 450 450 Arts Education Instrumental Classroom w/ lockers 1,800 2,100 1 1,800 2,100 Vocal Classroom 1,000 1,500 1 1,000 1,500 Instrument storage room 400 600 1 400 600 Music Library 200 200 1 200 200 Instrument Repair 150 150 1 150 150 Office (each) 150 150 1 150 150 Uniform Storage 400 600 1 400 600 Practice Room 55 60 1 55 60 Ensemble Practice Room 150 200 1 150 200 Visual Arts Classroom 1,200 1,500 1 1,200 1,500 Kiln /Clay Storage 40 60 1 40 60 Art Material Storage 80 150 1 80 150 Theater Arts Classroom 1,800 2,000 1 1,800 2,000 Theater Arts Auditorium 8 /seat; capacity 1/3 to 1/2 ADM 333 to 500 seats 2,667 4,000 Stage, Storage & Dressing Rooms 3,000 5,000 1 3,000 5,000 Light, Lock Vestibule, Lobby, Concession 800 2,000 1 800 2,000 Dance Classroom (including storage) 1,800 2,000 if 1,800 2,000 11 High School Construction Standards Appendix A Space Allocation /Square Footage Assignments (1,000 Student Capacity 1000 student cap acity Square Foota e Total Square Ft From To # rooms From To Workforce Development Agricultural Education 2,500 3,000 1 2,500 3,000 Business Education 1,200 1,400 1 1,200 1,400 Family and Consumer Sciences Education 1,400 2,000 1 1,400 2,000 Health Occupations 2,000 2,500 1 2,000 2,500 Marketing Education (including store) 1,500 2,000 1 1,500 2,000 Technology Education 1,300 2,200 1 1,300 2,200 Trade and Industrial Education 850 1 3,000 1 850 3,000 Media Center Main Room 5 sq ft per ADM 1 5,000 5,000 Support Areas 2,000 2,000 1 2,000 2,000 Video Studio 400 400 1 400 400 Control /Editing 260 260 1 260 260 E ui ment Storage 80 80 1 80 80 Physcial Education Gymnasium Play Area 2 play courts 62 x 100 court 12,400 12,400 Spectator Seating 400 per 500 per 100 seats 100 seats 4,000 5,000 Gymnasium Dressing, Shower, Storage, Lobby 3,000 3,000 Wrestling (competitive) 3,000 3,000 1 3,000 3,000 Resistive Exercise (weight lifting) 2,000 3,000 1 2,000 3,000 Auxilliary Gymnasium recommended for high schools with 1,200 or more students Administration Principal's Office 200 200 1 200 2CC Assistant Principal (each) 150 150 2 300 300 Reception Area 400 400 1 400 40C Secretary 150 150 2 300 30C SIMS 9 -12 200 200 1 200 2CC Other Student Services 200 200 1 200 20C Workroom/Storage 200 200 1 200 200 Conference Room 200 200 1 200 20C Record Storage 100 100 1 100 lOC General Storage 100 100 1 100 1CC 16 High School Construction Standards Appendix C Estimated Cost of New High School Student Capacity Total Square Footage 1000 1500 Total Square Ft Total Square Ft From To From To 151,049 182,710 211,487 251,345 Construction Cost Cost Per Square Foot $110 $16,615,381 $20,098,063 $23,263,554 $27,647,943 Site Acquisition Acres 40 50 45 60 Average Cost Per Acre $30,000 $1,200,000 $1,500,000 $1,350,000 $1,800,000 Site Development As a percentage of Construction Cost 10% $1,661,538 $2,009,806 $2,326,355 $2,764,794 Fees As a percentage of Construction Cost and Site Development 10% $1,827,692 $2,210,787 $2,558,991 $3,041,274 Moveable Equipment As a percentage of Construction Cost 5% $830,769 1 $1,004,903 $1,163,178 $1,382,397 Technology Cost Per Square foot $8.25 $1,246,154 (includes scaling and equipment for voice, video : and data distribution systems) $1,507,355 $1,744,767 $2,073,596 Construction Contingency As a percentage of Construction Cost and Site Development 5% $913,846 $1,105,393 $1,279,495 $1,520,637 Start-Up Costs Non - personnel; one time start-up costs $399,927 $483,754 $559,946 $665,477 Total Estimated Cost =$24,695,346 $29,920,112 $34,246,330 $40,896,177 12 Energy Efficiency in Public Schools 17 Appendix D Overview The following outline of technologies, strategies, tools, and issues does not present any new concepts for school construction standards and financing policy makers. Rather, the emphasis here is to present those concepts in a single simple document that indicates that creating fiscally sound energy efficiencies and achieving real savings in energy and energy technology expenditures are a matter of planning and balance. Energy Savings Tools and Strategies • Energy Efficient Lighting - efficient lighting types (fluorescent, metal halide, high pressure and Lighting Design sodium), proper lighting levels, lighting controls (occupancy sensors, level controls, etc.), task lighting, multi -stage lighting, etc. • Energy Management Controls - Thermostats, HVAC setback controls, etc. • Siting. - solar orientation, earth integration, plantings/landscaping • Energy Efficient Heating, Ventilation - High efficiency motors, fuel selection, system design, and Air Conditioning zoning, thermal storage, heat reuse natural convection • Building Shell - color, thermal mass, insulation, location of windows, window glazing (diffusion, high transmittance, etc.) interior and exterior reflectance, ceiling height • Solar Energy - daylighting and passive solar heating Important terms and concepts for developing energy savings strategies - Electrical Energy-cost components -Peak demand charge, time of day rates, usage costs • Energy use goal - The lowest target for or limit of a building's energy use (in British Thermal - Units [BTU's] per square foot per year) Town of Chapel Dill Energy Ordinance sets goal at-30% less than NC State Building Code requirements US Department of Energy Building Energy Performance - Standards range from 36,000 BTU's per square foot per year for elementary schools to 50,000 BTU's per square foot per year for high school gymnasiums Energy use budget - The upper limit of building's energy use in BTU's per square foot per year Life cycle cost analysis - The annualized cost of installing or constructing, operating and maintaining any component or feature of building over its useful life or some portion thereof deemed appropriate in analysis 13