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Home My WebLink AboutAgenda - 04-21-2009 - 6a]RANGE COUNTY QOARD OF GtJMMISSIONERS ACTION AGENDA ITEM ARSTR.ACT Meeting Dade: April 2~ , 2009 Action Agenda Item No. ~°~ SUBJECT: Transfer Station Site Search 1=ollow-u Report DEPARTMENT: Solid Waste Management PUB~.IC HEARING: YIN} No ATTACHMENT~S~: Provided ender Separate Cover in Binder a. CJlver, Inc. Reporf -~ ~nvironmenfal ~4ssessmenf B. Ulver, Inc. Report ~-analysis of Harding fo Ocrf-of~Counfy 1~ransfer Sfalions C. ~Iver, Inc. Reporf Alfernafive ~"echnalogies D. Solid Wane Staff Report -Seeking Governmental Partnerships F. S W~ B Memoranda -April 2g~9 F. ~a} Confingency Planning 41 ver, Inc. Report ~b)A-greernenf Lefler between Orange Coc~nly and Womble Carlyle Sandridge ~ Rice INFORMATION CONTACT: Laura Blackmon, County Manager, 2452396 Gwen Harvey, Assistant Manager, 245-230 Gayle v11'rlson, Solid Waste Management Director, 968-2885 PURPOSE: To provide follow up information on the solid waste transfer station site search and associated parallel track process as directed by the Board of County Commissioners on January, 22, 2099, and obtain feedback and direction on recommended next steps. BACKGROUND: At the BCCC meeting on January 22, 2049 the solid waste transfer station site search was discussed and the following f~edbeck and direction was provided to County .management end staff. s Proceed with the evaluations o the two sites and report back the various findings, including the environmental assessments, property appraisals, surveys, etc. ® Investigate on a parelle track passible alternative approaches, partnerships, and methodologies for solid waste disposal in Orange County, in consultation with the Solid Waste Advisory Board and other interested citizens z ® Qnce a site is selected, form an advisory board and include in its mission addressing the concerns of citizens, with the goal of minimizing impacts on the citizens, and invite the towns to participate in the process of minimizing impacts. The followin sections of the a ends abstract res and to direction received from the Site Evaluation 54 west, LLC. -Site 45~ The property survey is complete and the property has been confirmed as 142.71 acres in size. The property appraisal is complete and the market value of the 142.71 property to be $82D,DDg for $5,~46lacre}. The appraisal of the S.o1 parcel which is also owned by west 54, LLC. apart of which would be used for an entranceviray to the transfer station} is complete and the market value is $115,040 for $14,35?lacre}. Regarding the environmental review of the property, discussions with Qlver, Inc., and the County's Environmental end Resource Conservation Department and fihe Planning Department led to following action steps. 1} Use County's right of entry to conduct Surface water Assessment County Sail and Erosion Control Division} 2} Conduct Environmental Assessmenfi SEA}, including examining available hisfiorical data and information submitted by the public conducted consistent and in compliance with the State Environmental Policy Acfi ~SEPA} and County ordinances ~4lver, Inc.} 3} Qlver, Inc. submit a[I available data resulfiing from environmental assessment to County Planning, who then submits the data to the State Clearinghouse various State review agencies} ~Qlver, Inc. and Planning} 4} Conduct professional jurisdictional wetlands assessment and biological survey 4Qlver, Inc.} 5} Delay cultural and archaeological survey until site decision made by B4CC. Since fihe transfer sfiation will be a County facility and ground disturbing acfiivifiy would definifiely occur, sfiaff will be obliged to follow the County's cultural and archaeological policy once an affirmative decision to proceed with this site is made ~ERCDIPIanning} 6) County receives and evaluates State Clearinghouse Report (Planning) ?'} Planning issues either ~1 } FQNSi Finding of No Significant Impact} or ~2} Requirement of an ElS ~Envirorimental impact Statement.} Prior to issuin either a FQNSI ar EIS, Planning may re nest additional clari in information or anal sis of Qlver, Inc., in response to recent questions about local data sets employed. Steps 1-4 have been completed. Step ~ happens after the final site selection. The County is on hold for Steps ~ and ?. As of this agenda item, the State Clearinghouse has ~nat issued its report to Planning but it is expected shortly. Planning anticipates it would take about 3-5 days fram receipt to review the Report and make an initial determination. Even if Planning were to issue a Ft]NSI, the ~UCC as the project "applicant" could still submit to a~n ElS voluntarily. A formal EIS is a more expensive operation that would entail developing a final proposed site plan and would take an estimated ?5-9D days to complete, See Attachment A: Aver inc. Environmental Assessment) Site D56 DvVASA ~ Site l59 The DUVASA Board of Directors in a letter dated Dctober ~4, 2DO8 informed the County that it would not allow entry to their 43 acre parcel for purposes of conducting various assessments, surveys, etc. Therefore, no such evaluations, assessments or surveys have been conducted. In a lVlarch ~2, 2409 letter to the County lUlanager DwASA further indicated, in the absence of an identified property to swap, it has no interest in consideration of a land-swap option as an alternative for further County pursuit of this candidate transfer station site. SWAB and Community Exploration of Possible Alternative Approaches, Partnerships and Methodologies for Solid Waste Disposal Alternative vUaste Transfer Approaches Diver, inc. has presented a detailed analysis regarding the financial hand other} implications of Bela ing or not developing a local transfer station. Duch discussion occurred with regard to this y topic in SWAB ~ meetings that included various citizens groups, residents and other interested persons. Diver, Int.'s analysis was amended as a result of some of the input submitted in this forum. Staff also recommended revisions to the analysis partially in response to the worsening budgetary environment. first, Diver, inc. was directed to reduce the property to be acquired to 25 acres although acquiring the entire ~ 43 acres should still be considered. Second, Diver, inc. was directed ta~ reduce the size requirements of the transfer station itself to the minimum needed to function properly but still retain the state of the art enclosed design. The~analysis reveals it will be mare expensive far the hauling of waste from Drange County to existing regional transfer stations than to the Hwy. 54 candidate site. The analysis found the County's Inter-local Dvvern~nent partners with the .exception of Hillsborough} will incur significant additional costs to haul to an out-of-county transfer facility. A recent staff inquiry with the City of Durham staff indicted Drange County could not realize a preferential tipping fee at the City of Durham transfer station. Another recent inquiry with wake County staff indicated a passible discussion among the South 111lake Landfill Partners to consider the nation of the wake County landfill hosting one or more neighboring jurisdictions waste. As a result of this reasonably positive, though non-committal, response fram wake County the County has asked Diver, inc. to include within the hauling 4 analysis consideration of the economics of the vlrake Gaunty for a ChathamlAlamance County} landfill being a final destination for ]range County's transferred waste. See Attachment B Technological Alternatives to Land filling The Solid vllaste Advisory Board and elver, Inc. have evaluated the short and mid-term potential for innplementation of a variety of alternative technologies to manage grange County's waste, considering both grange County only and regional partnership options. Both have concluded the existing technological alternatives are Iong-term planning options and hold little promise with regard to the County's current waste management disposal situation. See Attachment ~ Engagement of Surrounding Potential Jurisdictional Partners Staff has engaged its counterparts in the following jurisdictions with regard to their interest in entering partnerships relative to waste transfer and disposal, alternative technologies, and other possible solid waste management endeavors: Chatham County City of Durham Lee County Alamance County wake County See Attachnent D Solid waste Advisory Board Reviev~ and Response Consistent with BaGG uidance the Solid wane Adviso Board also assumed a key role in the g rY additional analysis and discussions by providing the forum for continued exchange of information and discussion of issues and as a platform for public input. The S,wAB has conducted three meetings exclusively dedicated to these issues and has heard from county residents, community groups, alver, lnc., private waste companiesltechnology vendors, and a statewide environmental group. In Apr`~l the SvICAB conveyed a memorandum attached} to the BCGC regarding alternative technologies and alternative transfer station hauling analysis. The SWAB intends to continue providing a forum in which solid waste issues such as alternative technologies can be discussed and considered. See Attachment E Contingency Transfer Alternatives Remaining Capacity The most recent annual survey March X009} of the landfill indicates various operational and prograrnn~atic steps taken described in the attached report} over the past year have had substantive impact on remaining landfill capacity. Capacity management measures are the least disruptive and costly of actions that can be taken to address the undesirable situation of the landfill reaching capacity before the new transfer station is available. While the recent survey unexpectedly indicated about a year additional capacity staff must confirm this result given the degree of change and the significance of additional capacity to the decision making process. A second survey is being scheduled with results to be reported to the BUCC. Contin enc Plannin There are three approaches to hvw grange County will handle the locally collected waste should the landfill reach capacity pr'~or to the availability of a new transfer station: • Reduce the quantity of incoming waste to the .landfill by eliminating non-lnterlacal government partner customers a C]nce capacity is reached, divert al[ government and private customer waste to out~of- county regional transfer stations ® Develop a temporary waste transferldiversion operation at the landfill 4non-landfill temporary waste transferldivesion locations would be much mare difficult, costly and time-consuming to permit} The details and implications of each option are presented in~the attached Ulver, Inc. report. However, it appears extending landfill capacity through capacity management planning is far preferable to the extent it can be achieved. See Attachment F(a) NEXT STEPS After the State Clearinghouse Report has been received, reviewed and ruled upon by the Planning Department, County Management will bring that information back to the BC~CC for discussion as part of the final site selection process for the waste transfer station. ~7nce the B4CC has approved a final site far the waste transfer station staff will proceed expeditiously to create a citizens Advisory Committee consistent with .the report recommended at the January 2~ BCC meeting, as amended to include inviting the towns to participate in the committee with the goal of minimizing negative impacts for ail entities involved. The County may also need the services of special counsel to handle litigation potentially emanating from any of the solid~waste disposal alternatives now under consideration or which may hereafter be considered. The County Attorney recommends the County employ the~firm o Womble Carlyle Sandridge and Rice for this purpose as provided in the letter agreement that is attached. The County will incur no expense by employing Womble Carlyle unless it engages that firm in necessary covered litigation See Attachment F(b) (Womble, Carlve Letter) FINANCIAL. IMPACT: There will likely be substantial costs to the County in the overall land acquisition, design, and development .af a selected site and the permitting and construction of the actual facility along with any ancillary features the B4CC may authorize. There are also costs associated with the various surveys, appraisals, analyses, and contingency implementation strategies that involve outside vendors and consultants. RE~oN[~IF~DAToV~S~: The Manager recommends the board: ~ . Receive the Solid Ullaste Transfer Station Site Search Follow lip Report r 2. Provide feedback and direction to County Management on the site evaluation "due diligence" performed to date 3. Provide feedback and direction to County Management on contingency planning options far solid waste disposal 4. Authorize the Gounty Attorney fo execute the March, ~ ~ , Zoo9 letter of agreement between the County and ~1llomble Carlyle Sandridge & Rice to handle litigation on behalf of the Gounty arising from o related to the County's Solid, vUaste Transfer Station siting process 5. Direct Gounty Management to bring back to the BoGG the ruling from the Planning Department pending receipt and review of the State Clearinghouse Report on the Environmental Assessment of candidate site oSG. SYf~ urF r ~ ~j y / 14' ~.~p~ t S ~i,I ~ f ~a t~ ~~ 17~~~_ Ps ~.IS~ \t~® CIJN`~ T NSF STATE APRIL 16, 2009 Prepared for: Orange County, North Carolina '~ ~\4s a \~h ~ax~% Orange County PO Box 17177 Chapel Hill, NC 27516-7177 Prepared by: OLVER INCORPORATED Olver Incorporated 8720 Red Oak Boulevard, Suite 505 Charlotte, NC 28217 Project Number 20151 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1.0 SUMMARY OF SITE INVESTIGATION ACTIVITIES ...................................................'I 2.0 OVERVIEW AND STATUS OF EA PROCESS ............................................................2 3.0 SUMMARY OF AGENCY COMMENTS REGARDING WEST 54 LLC EA ..................3 3.1 NCDENR -Division of Natural Resources Planning and Conservation, Natural Heritage Program (NHP) .............................................................................................. 3 3.2 NCDENR -Division of Water Quality: Basinwide Planning Unit and SEPA Program ............. 3 3.3 North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission -Habitat Conservation Program ................ 3 3.4 NCDENR -Division of Waste Management: Superfund Section ..................................... 4 3.5 NCDENR -Division of Waste Management: Compliance and Hazardous Waste Section........ 4 3.6 NCDENR -Division of Water Quality: Surface Water Protection (SWP) ........................... 4 3.7 NCDENR -Division of Environmental Health ..............:............................................ 4 3.8 Orange County ERCD ...........................................................:........................... 5 3.9 N.C. Department of Cultural Resources -State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) .......... 5 4.0 SUMMARY OF PUBLIC COMMENTS REGARDING WEST 54 LLC ..........................5 C 5.0 WETLANDS DELINEATION SURVEY AND FLORA AND FAUNA SURVEY (SITE 056) ..............................................................................................................................5 6.0 PENDING ACTIVITIES RELATED TO THE WEST 54 LLC (SITE 056) EA ................6 7.0 LIST OF EXHIBITS ......................................................................................................7 t 0~,~A l~ '''<<o le6<.~~C4 i Apri116, 2009 '1.® Sunnme~~ty ®~ '~~ Itvv~sT'~~-~r~®na CTIV6'~'IES The following activities have been completed in conjunction with the evaluation of the West 54 sites (Site 056 and Site 759). ^ County obtained right of entry to the West 54 LLC property (Site 056) from Owner. ^ The County Soil and Erosion Control Division conducted a Surface Water Identification Determination (SWID) for the West 54 LLC property (January 16, 2009). ^ An Environmental Assessment (EA) was prepared for the West 54 LLC property. This document was prepared in accordance with the North Carolina Department of Administra- tion's standardized guidelines for the development of an Environmental Assessment complying with the State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA). • EA documents were submitted to the County Planning and Inspections Depart- ment for review and submittal to the State Environmental Review Clearinghouse (SCH) on February 17, 2009. The SCH manages the review and notification process. • The County Planning Department submitted the document to the SCH on February 19, 2009. The EA included the findings from the County's SWID, dated January 16, 2009. SCH published the availability of the document and circulated it to state/local agencies and the public fora 30-day review and comment period. The comment period ran from February 20, 2009 to March 20, 2009. • After the 30-day period, the SCH considers the comments received and provides the information to County Planning Staff. SCH received comments from the following agencies and members of the public: 1. North Carolina Department of Environmental and Natural Resources (NCDENR): Division of Natural Resources Planning and Conservation: NC Natural Heritage Program; 2. NCDENR: Division of Water Quality: Basinwide Planning Unit and SEPA Program; 3. North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission: Habitat Conservation Program 4. NCDENR: Division of Waste Management: Superfund Section 5. NCDENR: Division of Waste Management: Compliance ®ta~ya ~ gO~a ~A 17 y.+ ~''<<e ~.~ ~`°' 1 Apri116, 2009 ~~~; ~ - ~ ~. ~!R!~~~'~~~Y~t~~°~~i~~V~~ i~~ ~~~~~'~.r~~~l~l ~a~~ ~e-~~® ®If®~~e~'~v1~~3.~i ~f~~ ~`~' C~" a~ ~~.`~~A a T ~ ~ s 6. NCDENR: Division of Waste Management: Hazardous Waste Section 7. NCDENR: Division of Water Quality: Surface Water Protection 8. NCDENR: Division of Environmental Health 9. Orange County Environmental and Resource Planning Department (ERCD) (March 31, 2009) 10. Laura Streitfeld on behalf of Preserve Rural Orange 11. Attorney Jim Conner on behalf of Orange County Voice (included comments from Michael M. Hughes, P.E., and Mark Seelinger, PWS, of the Swamp School). 12. North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources: State Historic Preservation Office (comments received on April 3, 2009 by County Planning Department) ® A preliminary draft EA for the OWASA property (Site 759) was prepared. To date, access (right of entry) to the site has been denied by OWASA; thus, the EA and site investigation process for this property were put on hold. ® A property boundary survey was completed for the West 54 LLC property by Summit Consulting. The survey is dated February 27, 2009. C ® An appraisal for the West 54 LLC property was completed by Cushman & Wakefield. The adjoining 8-acre parcel adjacent to NG 54 was also appraised. ® As a result of the comments received from the ERCD, County Planning Department, and the State Agencies regarding the EA for the West 54 LLC property, a Flora and Fauna Survey and a Wetlands Delineation Survey were performed by Hal Owen & Associates, Inc., on Apri12, 2009. 2.® 1/E12V9E1IY AR1® ~Tl~,Td9S ®~ PAR®CESS The primary purpose of the EA is to provide enough information to determine if a planned project has a level of impact on the environment requiring the preparation of an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) or if a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) is the appropriate conclusion. The SCH manages the review process and notifies potentially affected state/local agencies and the public of the proposed development activities in their jurisdiction/local area. The process offers a means for agencies with expertise and/or the public to review the EA documents prepared for the proposed activity. and offer comments regarding the adequacy/accuracy of the impact analysis. The C 2 Apri116, 2009 end result of the process is to provide decision makers with the information that would enable them to make an informed decision of the environmental consequences of their actions. The County Planning Department will consider the comments received from the SCH, the public, and other County staff, and document its findings (i.e., FONSI, additional information is required, or that an EIS is required). Agency and public comments (as provided by the SCH) resulting from the review of the EA for the West 54 LLC site are attached (see Section 7.0 -List of Exhibits). 3.® .7UMMARY CIF AGiEt~CY 4:OMMENTS ~'iEGARDING ®®EST 5`F Iod.V E/y 3.1 NCDENR -Division of Natural Resources Planning and Conservation. Natural Heritage Program (NHP) ^ The Haw River Aquatic Significant Natural Heritage Area is in Collins Creek downstream of the project area and has been documented to support the Federal Species of Concern and State Endangered Brook Floater (a type of mussel) as well as the endemic and federally Endangered Cape fear shiner (a type of fish), and the globally rare septima's clubtail (a dragonfly). ^ Suggested a survey to determine if suitable habitat exists for the brook floater, Cape Fear shiner, and the septima's clubtail. If habitat is found, coordination with NFIl', U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, N.C. Wildlife Resources Commision, and N.C. Plant Conservation Program (and possibly other agencies) will be required. ^ These species are known in Collins Creek downstream of site; thus, all sediment and erosion control measures would need to ensure that the habitats downstream of the site are not affected. ^ NHP suggests avoiding vernal pools to avoid destroying amphibian habitats. 3.2 NCDENR -Division of Water Quality: Basinwide Planning Unit and SEPA Program ^ No specific comments, suggestion to minimize the use of impervious surface and to use permeable surfaces when possible. 3.3 North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission -Habitat Conservation Program ^ Cites the potential for habitats for the brook floater, state threatened creeper, state special concern notched rainbow downstream of the site and two significant Natural Heritage 3 April 16, 2009 r ~~~4 ~ ~~til1'f~ ~"~.~'t3--Y"-~~~.~ lq i ~~='.'1~f` ~~a_@~ll .~~l'1_: fi'~ '1f 4t~ °4~®J.~~.~ ~~I,~~R~L{~ ~t7 Y-i[ ~''Y~~-'~r~ n ~ ~~~~~~i~~~~~~ Areas downstream of the site (Haw River Aquatic Habitat and the Lower Cane Creek Slopes and Bottom). ^ Suggests performing aaste-specific wetlands and stream survey and avoiding sensitive areas. ^ Suggests providing a 100-foot buffer of native forest surrounding perennial streams and 50-foot buffer surrounding intermittent streams and wetlands. 3.4 NCDENR -Division of Waste Management: Superfund Section ^ Noted that two hazardous waste sites located near property, which are not expected to affect project (proposed transfer station) and project is not expected to affect sites. 3.5 NCDENR -Division of Waste Management: Compliance and Hazardous Waste Section ^ Will require a transfer station permit from NCDENR. ® If hazardous waste is generated as part of construction, hazardous waste generator permits/requirements apply. ^ Well Construction Permit will be required. ^ Erosion and Sediment Control Permit will be required for construction. (_ 3.6 NCDENR -Division of Water Quality: Surface Water Protection (SWP) ^ SWP performed a site visit on March 25, 2009, and noted a wetlands complex in parcel. The proposed access road may cross this complex. A Permit would be required for the road crossing; either a General Isolated Wetlands permit or a Genera1401 Water Quality permit, depending on if the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers ([JSACE) determines that the wetlands are jurisdictional or isolated. ^ Commented that the National Wetlands Index map is not a reliable source to make a determination of the presence or absence of wetlands. 3.7 NCDENR -Division of Environmental Health ^ Depending on the number of employees, the water well maybe considered anon-transient, non-community public water system and would require Public Water Supply Section (PWSS) permitting and approval. 4 ~ ~ Apri116, 2009 3.8 Orange County ERCD The Orange County ERCD recommends the following: ^ A wetlands delineation survey to avoid impacting potential wetland areas with construction. ^ A flora and fauna survey to be completed to identify any environmental sensitive areas. The survey should include portions of the streams that may be affected on site including Collins Creek's tributaries. ^ A Phase I Cultural Resource Survey prior to construction. 3.9 N.C. Department of Cultural Resources -State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) Recommends a comprehensive survey be completed by an experienced archeologist to identify and evaluate significance of potential archeological remains that could be damaged or destroyed by the proposed project. This survey should be completed and submitted to the SHPO for review and comment in advance of any construction activities. ~4.® SdJMiV1ARY Oi` PUBLIC ®nnnn~iVTS Et~/~1tDIBdG EST 54 The EA lacks sufficient information. Critical information is missing, critical information is wrong, and critical information is misleading; and that the project does. not satisfy a FONSI-fmding of no significant impact. The project will have significant environmental impacts and that a full Environmental Impact Analysis should be required for the project (see attached exhibit for details). 5^® ETLE!®®®S ~L'i®GRi~'®®® ~Vi~V G H M9®® L®RM ~®®® NV~®M i7 iiRY~ 6 (SL7'i~ ®J®~ As a result of the Environmental Assessment process and as previously noted under the Summary of Site Investigation Activities section of this report, a Flora and Fauna Survey and a Wetlands Delineation Survey were performed on April 2, 2009 by Hal Owen (licensed Soil Scientist and Senior Environmental Scientist) of Hal Owen & Associates. The wetlands survey further delineated the extent of possible wetlands that had been previously noted in the assessment and the County SWID in the drainage way on the eastern and western sides of the site: This preliminary delineation is shown on the attached Site Plan exhibit. It recommended that this preliminary delineation be surveyed and submitted to the USACE for review and jurisdictional determination. The Flora and Fauna Survey revealed no evidence of endangered species in the proposed area of disturbance. However, the reports note that the streams on site have the potential for Creeper 5 April 16, 2009 ~it~~R~~~~g.-~ ~~I d®r~~~P~ ~~~. tl f{ ®~f v~~0)~® 0~+ ~ ~~A4 ~a`~~ ~~ C 1~i.~` :{ Q ~~,V~` e n ~ i. mussel habitat, although no mussels were seen the day of the survey. The Creeper mussel is considered a state threatened species and not federally listed as a species of concern. The stream on the eastern side of the site (adjacent to the access road) is not expected to have enough water in it to support mussels. The final Wetlands and Endangered Species Report is attached (see Section 7.0 -List of Exhibits). The conceptual site plan was revised based upon the new wetlands information in order to avoid impacting sensitive areas. An 80-foot buffer was maintained from the wetlands' boundaries as delineated by Hal Owen & Associates. However, the access road will cross the potential wetlands area noted on the eastern side of the property. See Site Plan exhibit. This road crossing will require a permit from either the State DWQ and/or the USACOE. 6. ~~®'~vG CY~v~~l~s ~~.~7'E®°~® 7'~IE Est 54 (~r~ ~6) ^ The areas delineated during the wetlands determination will be recorded by a surveyor. The USACE will be requested to make a jurisdictional determination to confirm the boundaries of the wetlands and streams identified on the West 54 LLC site and to determine whether the wetlands identified are isolated or jurisdictional wetlands. The two sets of wetland determination forms and three sets of stream determination forms, along with supporting documentation and maps, would be submitted to the USACE. A site visit by a representative of the USACE would review and confu-m the delineation work. This process typically takes a minimum of one month from the time the information is submitted to the time the USACE will visit the site. ^ County Planning staff will review the results of the wetlands determination, the Flora and Fauna Survey, the revised Site Plan, and will make a determination related to the EA (i.e. FONSI, additional information is required, or that an EIS is required). ^ If the site is selected, a Cultural .Survey will be completed prior to construction. ^ If the site is selected, aPre-Construction Notification form would be submitted to NCDENR DWQ and to the USACOE to apply for any required permits. This permitting process requires approximately 90 days to process. The USACOE may require mitigation for the impacts associated with the road crossing. Mitigation could include payment to a mitigation bank, in lieu fee programs, or alternatively could include restoration, enhancement, creation, or preservation of wetlands. ®~~P ~ ?.0 1vIS'i' ®F X~i166T~ ^ Exhibit No. 1-Environmental Assessment for the West 54 LLC property ^ Exhibit No. 2 -Agency Review Comments Submitted from the SCH ^ Exhibit No. 3 -County Comments ^ Exhibit No. 4 -Public Comments ^ Exhibit No. 5 -Wetland and Endangered Species Investigations Report ^ Exhibit No. 6 -Revised Site Plan and Parks and Natural Areas Map Apri116, 2009 APPLICATIOPI FdR EAiVIRQAiI~iE)"T'PAL A5SESSHIEIdT Project Name Orange County, NC Solid Waste Transfer Station Applicant Board of County Commissioners Orange County, North Carolina Address .200 South Cameron Street Post Office Box 8181 Hillsborough, North Carolina 27278 Phone (919) 732-8181 . Owner West 54 LLC (Dennis and Lynda Howell) " Address 1098 Burning Tree Drive Chapel Hill, NC 27517 ~ Phone Location of Property Located in Southwest Orange County off of NC-54 FOR DEPARTMENT USE ONLY Date received Datc accepted/rejected Summary Comments Reviewed by ~~ C I e CEEdER~1.L SITE INF'ORM~STIOlY TO BE COMPLETED BY RPPLICAAiT, WITH ASSISTANCE FROM PLRNNIYdG' DEPARTI~2tT AS YdEEDED A. Zoning and. use of adjacent property. North Agricultural/Residential South Commercial and Agricultural/Residential East Agricultural/Residential West Agricultural/Residential 8. Topographya -562 highest elevation lowest elevation 540 general direction of slope vanes Estimate ~ of property with 0 - 5 ~ slope ~95% 5 - 15 ~ slope ~5% 15 - 25~ slope more than 25$ slope -(Required onl y far the portion of the site associated with or impacted by the proposed activityl C. Drainage Are there any~streams~or drainage easements located an the property? Yes Is any of the site located within a: Watersupply Watershed. No Water Quality Critical Area No ~Flaodplain No Describe A SWID report has been completed by the County Planning and - Inspections Department. Five features were identified as subject .~ to stream buffer regulations. D. Does the property contain any of the fallowing Inventory Natural or Cultural Resources? (As identified in the "Inventory of Sites of Cultural, Historical,. Recreational, ~~ Biological, and Geological Significance in the Unincorporated Portions of Orange County" or the "Inventory of Natural Areas and Wildlife Habitats of Orange County, North Carolina".) yes no a. ,cemeteries x b. archaeological sites x .. c. historic sites x d. areas of geological significance x e. designated natural areas x f. designated habitat ~ x g. other x For each "yes" answer above, please indicate location on site plan and complete the following,~with the assistance of the Orange County Environmental Planner. Also complete Attachment A. (1) Type of resource Inventory reference na. or page Description of Resource (2) Type of resource • Inventory reference no. or page Description of resource (Attach additional sheets if needed) II. ~.'O BE COMPLETED BY A.PPLIGAYdT A. PROJECT DESCRIPTIOAa 1. ~ Describe proposed use of property The property would include a 250 ton per day solid waste transfer station. 2. Number of lots 2 . 3. Number of structures 2 4. Estimated square footage of area to be graded far development of attached residential units (excluding roads, but including parking areas) N/A 5. Estimated square footage of area to be raded for ~ acres non-residential use (excluding roads) -O 6. Estimated area to be graded for roads -4 acres 7. Road. Type: Public Private Class A Class B ~a,ooo~. Class C Total road. length 4,000 ft. 8. Hours of operation for commercial or industrial use Approximately 7AM-4 PM Monday through Friday; 7:30 AM to 12 PM Saturday J H, STATE PERPSTTS RE¢iJIRED 1. Does the project involve the mining of earth products? No If sa, how many cubic feet of material are expected to be excavated? Has an application far a~Mining Permit been submitted to NCDRCD? Please attach rnap indicating expected extent of proposed activity. a. Does the project involve generation or storage of hazardous or toxic wastes, as identified by the Environmental 'Protection Agency? (A listing of all hazardous materials is available from the Planning Departmen. t,)- _No ' Describe the wastes to be generated. How much material is expected to be generated per month? Will any material be treated onsite? Volume? Will any material be stored onsite? ' Volume? Where will disposal of the material take place? How will materials be transported to the disposal site? What measures are proposed to protect water quality and air quality in case of spills? l~ 3. will the project involve a lead applicatioa system. for ' treatment of wastewater? No If yes, describe Has an application for a non-discharge permit been submitted to the NC Department of Environmental Management or Orange County Department of'Environmental Health? 4. Is a. septic tank system proposed which has a design capacity of more than 3000 gallons per day? No If yes, describe Has an application for a non-discharge permit been submitted~f to the NC Department of Environmental Management or Orange County Department of Environmental Health? 5.' Does the activity involve sludge disposal? No If yes, where is the source of the sludge? Describe where and how the sludge is being disposed. Has a NPDES permit from the NC Division of Environmental Management been issued? 6o water Usage '. a. Estimated no. of employees_~8 x 25 gpd = -400 gpd Separate septic system and drainfield to treat this sanitary waste. b. Estimated water use for climate control gpd c . •Praces s water 500 -1.000 gpd This is the estimated water for the wash down system. $ consumed ~. $ discharged to septic system $ discharged to surface {including storm sewers) (describe: ) $ evaporated . 100 $ reclaimed/reused Recycling of this water to be evaluated during design phase. $ other 100 $ 0 9Pd d. Water used for cooling, heating, etc., in association with production or manufacturing ~ reused ~ consumed ~ discharged (describe: ) . ~ other 100 $ 900 - 1,500 gpd Total Water Usage e. Desc=ibe source of water A well will be drilled on-site and groundwater used. ATTACHMENT A TO HE COMPLETED ONLY IF INVENTORY'SITE(S) IS/ARE IDENTIFIED IN I.E. (ATTACH ADDITIONAL SHEETS IF NECESSARY) (1) a. Impact on Resource from Proposed Development b. Froposed Mitigation (2) a. Impact an Resource from Proposed Development b. Proposed Mitigation .. ~.~~~~ ~~C~~~~ 0 L ~~ v ~ } ;-: °~~ {~t~~~~~~~ ~~ ~~~~~ J Prepared for: ®range C®unty, 6d®rth Car®lina Chapel Bill, N®rth Car®lina f \;,th ~RC4l/ _- ~ Prepared by: `~~ ~~~ ~ : ~ ~~~ ;~~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~ L INCORPORATED www.olver.com Project Number 20151 COVER SHEET Date: February 2, 2009 Title of Activity: Orange County, NC Solid Waste Transfer Station Submitted By: Board of County Commissioners Orange County, North Carolina 200 South Cameron Street Post Office Box 8181 Hillsborough, North Carolina 27278 Responsible State: Orange County Planning Department Agency and Contact: Robert Davis 306-F Revere Road Hillsborough, North Carolina 27278 Type of Document: Environmental Assessment r~ Applicable Rule: r, Chapter 40 Orange County Environmental Impact Ordinance ,~' ~ Background: In the case of the proposed Orange County waste transfer station, the DENR's Division of Water Quality and Division of Waste Management have indicated that an EA and SEPA approval will not be required because the ~ proposed transfer station operation (250 tpd) is less than 350 tpd required for such analyses. SEPA coordinators have also confirmed that an EA would ~ ~ not be required in this particular case. Despite the fact that an EA is not ~ required by state regulations, it is required by the Orange County ` Environmental Impact Ordinance and was completed as part of the due i ~ diligence for this siting. The attached Environmental Assessment (EA) document reviews the environmental impacts of the construction and operation of a 250 ton per day solid waste transfer station located in the western part of Orange County, North Carolina, off of NC Highway 54. The EA contains a project description, review of the existing environment, the need for and alternatives to the project, environmental impacts associated with the i t~ ~~ ., project and mitigation measures for those impacts. ~~ Environmental Assessment 1 Site 056 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1.0 INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................1 1.1 Project Description .........................................................................................1 1.2 Purpose and Need for the Project ....................................................................... 2 2.0 ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS ..................................................................................:....3 2.1 Waste to Energy Alternatives ............................................................................. 3 2.2 Site Selection .........:...................................................................................... 3 3.0 EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PROJECT AREA ...............4 3.1 Topography .................................................................................................. 4 3.2 Soils ...........................................................................................................4 3.3 Land Use ...................................................................................................... 5 3.4 Wetlands ..................................................................................................... 5 3.5 Prime or Unique Agricultural Lands ..................................................................... 6 3.6 Public Lands and Scenic, Recreational, and State Natural Areas .................................. 7 3.7 Areas of Archaeological or Historical Value ............................................................ 7 3.8 Air Quality .................................................................................................... 7 3.9 Noise Levels ..................................................................................................7 3.10 Water Resources ............................................................................................ 8 3.10.1 Groundwater Resources .......................................................................................................................8 3.10.2 Surface Water Resources ....................................................................................................................8 3.11 Forest Resources ............................................................................................ 9 3.12 Shellfish or Fish and Their Habitats ..................................................................... 9 3.13 Wildlife and Natural Vegetation ....................................................................... 10 3.14 Environmental Justice ................................................................................... 10 4.0 PREDICTED ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF PROJECT ......................................11 4.1 Topography ................................................................................................ 11 4.2 Soils ......................................................................................................... 11 4.3 Land Use .................................................................................................... 11 4.4 Wetlands ................................................................................................... 11 4.5 Prime or Unique Agricultural Lands ................................................................... 12 4.6 Public Lands and Scenic, Recreational, and State Natural Areas ................................ 12 4.7 Areas of Archaeological or Historical Value .......................................................... 12 4.8 Air Quality .................................................................................................. 12 4.9 Noise Levels ................................................................................................ 12 4.10 Water Resources .......................................................................................... 13 4.10.1 Groundwater Resources .....................................................................................................................13 4.10.2 Surface Water Resources ..................................................................................................................13 4.11 Forest Resources .......................................................................................... 14 ~p 7 4 ` Environmental Assessment 'tea @aso~c~ 11 Site 056 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 4.12 Shellfish or Fish and Their Habitats ................................................................... 14 4.13 Wildlife and Natural Vegetation .....:................................................................. 14 4.14 Environmental Justice ....................................................:..........:................... 15 4.15 Introduction of Toxic Substances ........................:.................:........................... 15 5A MITIGATIVE MEASURES .................................................................:...................`.....16' 6.0 REFERENCES ..............:............................................................................................17 7.0 EXHIBITS ...................................................................................................................18 8.0 PERMITS, LICENSES, AND APPROVAL REQUIREMENTS ....................................18 9.0 APPENDICES ............................................................................................................18 ®t,~a` , ~06Ap 1T aZ Environmental Assessment ~O''TG ~°so~~cs 111 .STte ~56 a® 'i' C R®®~V~O®,® 1.1 Project Description The County currently disposes of solid waste from residents and businesses at the existing solid waste landfill on Eubanks Road. This landfill is expected to reach capacity and close in 201 L ~ A recent study completed by Gershman, Brickner & Bratton, Inc., (GB&B) concluded that there is not enough waste generated within the County to achieve the economies of scale necessary to make an alternative waste processing technology cost-effective. Based on the study, the Orange County Solid Waste Advisory Board determined that the best solution at present would be to continue with the planned transfer station; and when the County's existing municipal solid waste landfill reaches final capacity, waste will have to be transferred out of the county for disposal. The transfer station will consist of an enclosed metal building (160 feet by 160 feet) and scale house (20 feet by 20 feet), which will sit on a 149-acre parcel of land in western Orange County ~ ~ (County). The construction of the facility will result in disturbance of less than 20 acres of this land. There will be eight parking spaces at the facility and an area of equipment storage. The ~ roads, equipment storage area, parking spaces, and buildings will result in approximately 200,000 square feet of impermeable surface. The site will be graded prior to construction and designed to protect the quality of the stormwater runoff. The wastewater generated at the site will be hauled to ~ ~ the local wastewater treatment plant, and the sanitary wastes will be treated on site with a septic system. After being weighed on a scale system, trucks that enter the facility will unload their wastes on a tipping floor inside the building and then exit. The building will be enclosed to minimize odor and ' control dust and litter. The wastes will then be pushed into enclosed and watertight trailers atop long-haul vehicles, located below the tipping floor. Approximately 190 tons of waste, on average, ' will be loaded daily. The transfer station will be designed with a capacity of 250 tons per day to handle surges in collection vehicle delivery. At the end of each day, the tipping floor will be i emptied completely and all wastes will be stored in containers in the trailer storage area. The wastes will be transferred to anout-of-county landfill where it will be unloaded and disposed. The ~, County plans to solicit bids on waste disposal once the site is acquisitioned. A conceptual site plan layout for this site is presented as Exhibit A. The transfer station shall only accept solid waste that is generated by households, institutions, commercial, and some industrial establishments from within Orange County. Explosives, pathological and biological wastes, and other hazardous wastes are not acceptable wastes for ,t Environmental Assessment ~;~ a ~p.e `°` 1 Site 056 1.2 processing at the facility. The site will also have a special wastes handling area with dumpsters for C. tires, batteries, white goods, etc. Purpose and iVeed for the Project In the past, the siting of new landfills has been the solution to the increased need for disposal facilities. However, in recent years a number of factors have made the siting of new landfills increasingly difficult, such as decreasing amount of suitable land available, legal barriers, potential long-term environmental concerns, and mounting public opposition. The process is further restricted by new permitting regulations required by state agencies. The nationwide trend in solid waste disposal has been toward construction of larger, more remote, regional landfills. Currently, the waste generated in Orange County is disposed in the solid waste landfill located on Eubanks Road. In Fiscal Year 2007-08 the County disposed of 55,420 tons of municipal solid waste in its landfill. Approximately 7,100 tons of waste generated in Orange County is hauled out of the County by various private disposal companies for disposal. The landfill is expected to close in 2011 at which time there will be no municipal solid waste disposal options within the County. The County is implementing an integrated solid waste management strategy to achieve a 61 percent waste reduction goal. The portion that is not recycled or composted will have to be taken to anout-of-county landfill or processed by an alternate technology to reduce volume. l In anticipation of the current landfill's; closure, efforts have been made by the County to identify an alternative waste processing technology for use in the County. It was determined that the best near-term solution would be the construction of a solid waste transfer facility for the County. See Section 2.0 for more details on this determination. The decision to build a solid waste management transfer facility to haul the County's wastes to a landfill facility outside of the. County comprises just one element of the. County's overall plan for managing waste. The proposed plan, along with the County's .Solid Waste Management Plan adopted in 1997, is an integrated approach which includes sources reduction efforts, recycling, composting, new collection and financing strategies, and public education programs to encourage involvement in all aspects of waste management, from generation through the disposal. C 2 Environmental Assessment Site 056 L.a® ~ILTIVl~®®A~' Y ~S 1®@9is i S'a7 2.1 Waste to Enerav Alternatives As mentioned previously, GB&B conducted the Alternative Waste Processing Assessment1 to explore reasonable alternatives to landfill disposal of municipal solid wastes in Orange County. The study concluded that at Orange County's currenf level of solid wastes generation (less than 250 tons per day), the cost of financing, building, owning, and operating awaste-to-energy plant would be in the range of $100 per ton of refuse processed after sale of electricity generated from the heat recovered from incineration and sale of scrap metal recovered from the residual ash. Based upon the estimated costs of constructing and operating the transfer station, transport, and landfilling at a regional private-sector disposal site, GB&B concluded that it was not economical in the short term to .consider astand-alone waste combustion facility to handle waste from only ;. Orange County. It was also concluded that the other emerging technologies investigated in the ~. ~ study are at present not mature, practical, proven, or appropriate for managing large quantities of i ~ mixed solid waste. Significant permitting issues may prevent or significantly delay the ~ implementation of any waste-to-energy process. Based on these findings, the Orange County Solid Waste Advisory Board recommended that solid waste management efforts concentrate on getting the County's transfer station sited, permitted, designed, built, and operating, as well as continuing the County's successful and aggressive recycling efforts that are reducing the amount of waste to be landfilled. 2.2 Site Selection Once it was determined that the best option for the County would be the construction of a solid waste transfer station, the next step was determining the site of the facility. Through the process of collaboration between the Orange County Board of County Commissioners (BOCC) and the public, three categories or sets of criteria were developed and applied in the evaluation of possible transfer station sites. These categories include exclusionary criteria, technical criteria, and community-specific criteria. ` ~ Briefly, exclusionary criteria include the stipulation of areas where development is prohibited by federal, state, or local laws or regulations. Exclusionary criteria also include consideration of land use, zoning requirements, watershed protection, and other factors that may significantly impact the ' environment, facility costs, or project implementation. Technical criteria include specific engineering, operation, and transportation parameters that should be considered to assure that sites ~ htto://www.olveccomloran eq county/PDF%20files/Alfemative Technologies Assessment %200range%20County%20NC%208-15-08pdf ®apnaL ~ Eppo IP ____. ____. _..... __ II ~ ' Environmental Assessment 3 'pro QpLp~ap Site 056 are feasible from a technical design, environmental, and economic prospective. The community- specific criteria consider the impacts that the facility will have on the surrounding community. This set of criteria underscores the priority that the public placed upon environmental justice considerations; impact upon adjacent land use; proximity to schools, churches, and recreation sites; and the number of residents impacted. Using weighted scoring based on these criteria, 242 potential parcels were narrowed down to ten, which would undergo further consideration. Once these were discussed further and public comments were heard, the sites for the transfer station location were narrowed down to the Site 056 (Howell Property) or Site 759 (OWASA Property) by the BOCC. Each site is being simultaneously negotiated for purchase by the County. However, only one site will be purchased for transfer station use. Site 056 is the topic of this environmental ~. 3.1 3.2 assessment. Site 056 was one of the two sites selected because it is undeveloped and heavily wooded, can be directly accessed from NC Highway 54, and is freely offered. The site has minimal floodplain and/or steep slope encumbrance; ample space for the construction of the transfer station facilities; and further provides excellent buffering from adjacent land uses and residents. XISTIIVG ENIi/IR®IViV1E1~T~-L 1F1~1 CTERISTICS ®1= P,R®JIECT REA Topography The site is flat to gently sloping and elevation ranges from approximately 540. feet to 562 feet across the site with the construction of the transfer station to be at approximately 554 feet. See Exhibit B.1 for the site's location within the USGS White Cross quadrangle. There are a few, small areas of the site that have a slope greater than 10 percent. This information, along with detailed elevation information regarding the site, was obtained from the 2007 North Carolina Department of Transportation LiDAR Data Release, which are both displayed on Exhibit B.2. Using Orange County's 2007 Flood Hazard Polygon information and Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) maps (FIlZMettes), it was determined that the site will not encroach on any floodplains. See Exhibits C.1 and C.2 for copies of these FIRMettes. Soils According to information provided. by the Orange County Planning Department and the United States Department of Agriculture's Web Soil Survey of Orange County, North Carolina, the site location is comprised of the soils summarized in Table 1 below and shown in Exhibit D. C 4 Environmental Assessment Site 056 3.3 Land Use The site is referred to as "Site 056" and is composed of two parcels of land totaling approximately 149 acres. One of the parcels is approximately 142 acres and will be the location of the facility building. The second parcel is approximately 7 acres and will contain the facility's access road to NC Highway 54. The site is heavily wooded, undeveloped, and will be accessible from NC Highway 54. The site is located to the north of NC Highway 54 and west of Berry Andrews Road. The project vicinity is composed primarily of residential, open space, transportation corridors, and commercial uses. According to the information from Orange County regarding county zoning districts, the site is located entirely within Orange County jurisdiction. Exhibit E is a map of the site's zoning within the County. The. County's GIS identifies the proposed site and the surrounding areas adjacent and near the site as zoned for agricultural and residential use with small parcels located to the south of the project site along NC Highway 54 zoned for commercial use. 3.4 Wetlands There are no mapped wetlands located directly within the project site according to the United States Fish and Wildlife National Wetlands Inventory. There are several wetlands located in the vicinity of the proposed project site. See Table 2 for a summary and Exhibit F for the location and descriptions of the wetlands in the vicinity of the proposed site. Errvironmental Assessment 5 Site 056 \. 1/~. C Exhibit F also includes the areas with the soil type. Chewacla loam.. _This_soil_is a poorly drained---- .--(~ soil that under certain conditions may be habitats for wetland flora. However, the area of the ~ property that contains this soil type was inspected and no wetlands were identified. l A feature was identified by the Orange County Erosion Control Division staff in the process of ~, completing the Surface Water Identification for the property, which may or may not meet the ~ criteria of a wetland. This feature is not located in an area of disturbance for the project and would ~. not be expected to be impacted by project operations. Additional information is provided. in the Surface Water, Identification Report (see Appendix A). 3.5 Prime or Uniaue Agricultural Lands ~ The site is wooded and is not currently being used for agriculture. The areas adjacent to the site C, ~; are also heavily wooded or used for commercial purposes. ~ According to information from the National Resources Conservation Service, the three soil types found at this site would not be considered prime or unique agricultural lands. As shown in Table ~ 1, the site's primary soil type, Lignum Silt Loam (Lg), has a land capability classification of " 2w" ~ indicating that this area may experience excess water for agricultural purposes during the. growing season that would cause crop damage or that the site may experience excess water during. winter ~ months that would adversely affect deep-rooted perennial crops. Herndon Silt Loam (HrB) has a ~ classification of " 2e" indicating the soil is slightly eroded and would require some management or l soil conservation practices. The Chewacla Loam (Ch) is classified as "4w," which means it has (, frequent or continuous amounts of excess water during the growing season causing some moderate crop .damage... ~ Therefore, it is determined that there are not prime or unique agricultural soils at the site or in the (. immediate surrounding area of the site. ~ /,. (. 0`'~a` ~ e.on ~A ... ( V a^ .. Environmental Assessment * r \ ~e ~..o~~' 6 Site 056 3.6 Public Lands and Scenic. Recreational, and State Natural Areas The information provided by the Orange County Planning Department on park locations indicates that there are no designated park lands, recreational areas, or state natural areas located within the project area. To the northwest of the proposed site, approximately l.S miles away, is the Cane Creek Reservoir, which is considered a natural and wildlife area. Approximately 4 miles to the east is another natural area - Pickards Mountain. The closest park is the Hank Anderson Community Park located 6 miles to the east, and the Springhill Park is located about 8 miles to the southeast (see Exhibit G). 3.7 Areas of Archaeological or Historical Value According to the Orange County Planning Department, there are not any known archaeological or historical resources located within the proposed project site. There are several historic sites located in the areas surrounding the proposed site (see Exhibit H and see Table 3 for a summary). The site will undergo a Historical Value Survey prior to acquisition to determine if any archaeological or historical properties in the vicinity will undergo any significant effects due to the transfer station. TABLE 3 Historic Sites in Project Vicinity Ernest Crawford House 0.1 miles Crawford Service Station 0.1 miles Degnim House 0.9 miles Andrew House 1.0 miles Joel Crawford House 1.5 miles 3.8 Air Quality The project site is located on an undeveloped, wooded lot. Air quality at the site is considered good as no nearby industries emit air pollutants. Farmland adjacent to the site is currently used for the land application of biosolids from the Orange Water and Sewer Authority (OWASA). Sludge basins owned by OWASA are located to the east of Site OS6. 3.9 Noise Levels The proposed project site is located off of NC Highway S4 where there is some traffic noise. There is a feed supply store located to the south of the proposed site and OWASA's sludge basins located east of the proposed site. A stone quarry is located approximately 3.S miles east on NC i~~ 7 Environmental Assessment Site 056 3.10 Water Resources 3.10.1 Groundwater Resources According to the Water Resources Investigation Report 00-4286, the primary aquifer in the vicinity of the project area is located in the metavolcanic bedrock. A shallower aquifer exists within the soil zones above the bedrock (e.g., regolith) but is unreliable in quality and quantity. Wells are typically cased at least 50 feet, and the average well yield and depth are approximately 17 gpm and 200 feet, respectively. Wells located in fracture zones generally yield higher than average. Groundwater recharge in the vicinity of the project area (the Haw River Watershed) is 6.4 inches/year or 477 gallons/day/acre. Currently, there is not any potable well on the property. Neighboring residences and farms rely on groundwater for their water source. 3.10.2 Surface Water Resources The project area is located in the Cape Fear River Basin. The headwaters of the basin are the Deep and Haw Rivers. Approximately 1.5 miles on the west of the proposed project site, Cane Creek is located, and located approximately 0.5 miles to the east of the project site is Collins Creek. To the northwest of the proposed site, surrounding the area around the Cane Creek Reservoir, is a tract of land that has been identified by the Orange County Planning Department as being a critical and protected watershed. A Surface Water Identification (SWID) request was filed with the County to determine if the surface waters located near the proposed project site are subject to the stream buffer ordinance as described in the County Zoning Ordinance. At this site, five features were identified as subject to the buffer regulations. This will require a 65- to 80-foot undisturbed buffer along both sides of the water feature, which will be calculated per the referenced zoning regulations. For the .features that originate within the .parcel, the beginning point was flagged for reference. All of the features were identified on a map by the County Planning and Inspections Department. There were several isolated pools located in the parcel identified as a sixth feature. Although this feature did not meet the criteria for the stream buffer ,regulations, it may meet wetland criteria and will require follow up with the United States. Army Corps of Engineers (USACOE) (see Section 3.4). The correspondence from the County's Planning and Inspections Department is located in Appendix A. ~.,o p~? 4 Environmental Assessment ~.~o °' 8 Site 056 3.11 Forest Resources A site-specific flora and fauna survey will be conducted on the site prior to acquisition and will help the County determine in part, which, if any, forest resources may be significantly affected by utilizing this site for the solid waste transfer station. Generally, using information from the North Carolina Natural Heritage Programs (NIA') inventory, the White Cross 7.5-minute USGS quadrangle contains the following forest communities: ^ Basic oak-hickory forest ^ Dry-mesic oak-hickory forest ^ Mesic mixed hardwood forest ^ Piedmont monadnock forest 3.12 Shellfish or Fish and Their Habitats As stated above, there will be a flora and fauna survey conducted prior to site acquisition that can help determine the location of any shellfish or fish habitats that may be affected by site development. Using the NHP inventory for this White Cross quadrangle, there indicates the presence of three freshwater mussels: ^ Alasmidonta varicosa (Brook Floater) ^ Lampsilis cariosa (Yellow Lampmussel) ^ Strophitus undulates (Creeper) The Brook Floater and Yellow Lampmussel are considered endangered in the state and are a federal species of concern. Both of these species have a distribution in Orange County in the Eno River Subbasin that is located over ten miles from the proposed project site. The Creeper is state- threatened and is located within the Eno and Little River subbasins within Orange County as well as the Cane Creek subbasin, which includes the proposed project site. There is also one species of fish listed as inhabiting this quadrangle according to this inventory,. the Carolina Darter (Etheostoma Collis). This is considered a species of special concern in the state. However, according to the County's Comprehensive Plan, the Carolina Darter has been moved from the current list of threatened and endangered species to the historic list of species as it has not been observed in the County for over 20 years. Please see the attached species descriptions in Appendix B. 9 Environmental Assessment Site 056 The flora .and faunal survey mentioned above will. also -allow the County to determine whether impacts from the construction and operation of a solid waste transfer station at this site will significantly affect the wildlife and natural vegetation of the site. As indicated previously, the site is .wooded and the quadrangle that the site is located .within contains the types of trees as indicated in Section 3.11 (oaks, hickories, and mixed hardwoods). In addition to this vegetation, the NHP inventory also indicated two species of vascular plants within the quadrangle that are considered rare within the state. The first species is Phacelia covillei (Buttercup Phacelia) and is also listed as a federal species of concern. According to an inventory by the NHP and Triangle Land Conservancy, this plant has been documented as recently as 2008 in the Lower Haw River State Natural Area located approximately 16 miles southeast of the proposed project site. The second species is Enemion biternatum (Eastern Isopyrum), which, according to the County's comprehensive plan, has been moved from the current list of rare plant species within the County to the historic list as it has. not been. observed. for more than 20 years within Orange County. The NHP inventory also indicates the presence of a bird -Vireo gilvus (Warbling Vireo) - in the quadrangle, which is considered a rare species within the state. See the species descriptions in Appendix B. 3.14 Environmental Justice Prior to narrowing the candidate sites down to the final two, the sites were ranked with respect to a variety of criteria including environmental justice, which was most heavily weighted. In this case, 2000 census data were used to rank the sites regarding potentially vulnerable population groups including: minority populations, age (<18 years and >65 years old), education (>25 years old without a high school diploma or its equivalent), and low income populations (living below the poverty level}. This was done by calculating the number of people per acre for each population group located within a 1000-foot radius of the site. For each candidate site, the population densities for each of these population groups were added together, and the total value ranked from highest density (1 ranking) to lowest density (10 ranking) for the ten sites. This site was determined to have a low density of vulnerable populations, and as such, is not expected to place a disproportionate burden of potential environmental consequences on any one group of people. ~~n ®- _ -_ /A 1~ C `~ Environmental Assessment ~~f/b @pYp~+~` 10 Site 056 ~0® ~iC®'Y O 10~® ^tl ®'itl®~Y~T/'~Y0 ~~Y~M i S ®~ ^ Y~®~i~Y ^ 4.1 Topoaraphv The project will have minimal effect of the existing topography. The site will undergo grading to provide a more level and usable area for facility operations and erosion control. All runoff from the developed portions of the site will be directed to a 10-year stormwater pond with emergency spillway and riser barreUdewatering device that will be constructed to .the south of the transfer station building. The site will not undergo changes that will increase the amount of runoff on the site (only approximately 200,000 square feet of impermeable surface will be added); and therefore, increases of frequency or flow of water in the intermittent streams located on the site is not expected. 4.2 Soils ;' As mentioned above, the proposed site will be graded prior to construction. Approximately 5,000 -cubic yards of soil will be cut for grading purposes, and 5,500 cubic yards of soil will be required for fill dirt. As a result, approximately 500 cubic yards of fill dirt (from off site) will be required ~ .for grading of the site. BMPs will be used during construction to ensure that chemical spillage is minimized, and soil is not contaminated. Long-term effects to soil in the area are not expected due to .the facility being fully-enclosed; and facility policy will prohibit the long-term storage of r chemicals outside. 4.3 Land Use According to the County's Zoning Ordinance, transfer stations may be located in all Zoning Districts in the exclusive planning jurisdiction of the County where governmental facilities and office buildings are located. This parcel is located within the exclusive planning jurisdiction; and r therefore, there are no conflicts with zoning or planned'use for the development of this site into the transfer station. 4.4 Wetlands ' Site development will not result in the impact of wetlands in the vicinity of the project. There are no wetlands within areas to be disturbed by the project construction or operation of the transfer ' station. A stormwater management plan will be in place during both construction and operation of the facility. 'A u s Environmental Assessment ' 11 Site 056 ~'~~b Gaso~~c 4.5 Prime or ~lniaue Agricultural Lands There are no impacts on prime or unique agricultural lands at the proposed project site. since no prime or unique agricultural lands were identified on the property. 4.6 Public Lands and Scenic. Recreational, and State Natural Areas There is no impact anticipated for the natural areas located in the Cane Creek Reservoir, the Pickards Mountain area, or the Hank Anderson Community Park in Carrboro. 4.7 Areas of Archaeoloaicai or Historical Value If the Historical Value Survey identifies any resources at Site OS6, the North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources, Division of Archives and History, will be contacted prior to construction for recommendations. The County will proceed based on these recommendations. The project is not expected to impact historical features adjacent to the project area. 4.8 Air Quality The facility will have minimal impact on ambient air quality. The facility shall be fully enclosed and the heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems will be provided to maintain indoor air quality and minimize potential air emissions. The building envelope will be constructed from environmentally-preferable materials that minimize life-cycle environmental impacts, resource depletion, and human toxicity. The project will generate up to 70 vehicle trips per day. This includes county, municipalities, and commercial haulers and tractor trailers. hauling refuse to the landfill. While currently there are no ;trucks entering the property, adjacent to the property, along NC Highway S4, the average daily traffic count is greater than 8,000 vehicles per day. The collection vehicles will be restricted to certain County roads to reach the property, in order to avoid travelling down scenic roads or bike routes between the collection areas and the transfer station. The transfer station is located approximately 12 miles from the waste generation centroid. The expected increase in carbon footprint as a result of the additional mileage than currently travelled is minimal. Air quality impacts during construction are expected to be minimal. Emissions from construction vehicles will represent ashort-term air quality impact from dust and equipment emissions. 4.9 Noise Levels The proposed project will increase noise levels over current conditions. However, this increase will be limited to the noise associated with the collection vehicle and tractor trailers entering and ®~arA ~^ C ~. .. Errvironmental Assessment ~ rrb ~pi,~~°~ 12 Site 056 leaving the site. The transfer building will be totally enclosed and constructed with an acoustic building shell (interior insulation and liner panel system) to contain noise within the building. On- site traffic and noise levels will be controlled by maintaining the natural wooded buffers around the site. 4.10 Water Resources 4.10.1 Groundwater Resources No public water or sewer is available at the site. A groundwater well (or wells) will be drilled to provide water for consumption, washdown, and fire protection. A storage tank will be built on site and sized appropriately to ensure adequate water for fire protection. Daily water usage is expected to be in the range of 500 to 1,000 gallons per day. Based on the size of the property (142 acres) and the previously discussed recharge rate of 477 gallons/day/acre, the water usage at the, site is not expected to have an impact on the quantity of water available to the neighboring residences or farms. A separate septic tank and drain field system will be designed to handle the minimal sanitary wastes generated at the facility. The effect of this waste system is not expected to be greater than a residential septic system. The concept of a pump and haul system for the washdown water has been approved by the Division of Waste Management and Division of Water Quality. No solvents or similar type cleaning fluids will be used in washdown operations of the transfer. No long-term outdoor storage of waste or other materials will be allowed. 4.10.2 Surface Water Resources ~ BMPs, including bioretention to improve storm runoff quality, will be implemented in the development of stormwater management and control measures for those areas outside of the building envelope. Wastewater will originate during normal facility operations primarily from equipment and tipping floor cleaning and sanitary wastes. The washdown system would be designed with storage and containment for the capture of all wash waters resulting from station operation. Wastewater, meeting standards established by the County, will be hauled to a public wastewater treatment facility for disposal. No washdown water will be discharged on site. Environmental Assessment 13 Site 056 Wastewater associated with this project will have no adverse effects on surface or groundwater at the site as the facility will be designed so that the tipping floor area will be totally enclosed. As referenced in Section 3.10, a SWID survey ident~ed several features as subject to the stream buffer section of the County's Zoning Ordinance. As such, construction of the waste transfer station will adhere to these regulations. and the appropriate buffers calculated and left undisturbed to protect these waters. Follow up with the USACOE regarding the isolated pools located in the parcel will be completed prior to construction. However, construction is not planned to impact the area referenced by the County Staff as requiring USACOE input. 4.11 .Forest Resources If the flora and fauna inventory conducted prior to site acquisition indicates any forest resources of significance that maybe affected by this transfer station, the appropriate agencies will be contacted for recommendations. C The construction of the transfer station will result in the loss of approximately 20 acres of trees, but the majority of the site will remain wooded. The remaining wooded area is of the same habitat r type as that to be cleared prior construction. Project design will include erosion management ~ practices, and long-term effects from the removal of these trees are not expected. 4.12 Shellfish or Fish and Their Habitats As stated above, if the survey identifies any significant shellfish or fish habitats in the vicinity of the site, then the proper agencies will be contacted for guidance. However; there are no perennial surface waters located in the project area, and the creeks located nearby are not expected to be effected. Therefore, no impacts are expected for these three species of freshwater mussels and one species of fish. 4.13 Wildlife and Natural Vegetation If it is determined by the flora and fauna survey that the transfer station placement will significantly affect the wildlife and natural vegetation of the site, the appropriate agencies will be contacted prior to construction. for recommendations for mitigation. Only a portion of the site will be cleared for the construction of the transfer station building, parking spaces, access road, and equipment storage (approximately 20 acres of the approximate 149-acre site). The surrounding wooded area, which is the same habitat type, will remain intact. 1°<. I~ 11 ,,ff Environmental Assessment ~' ~ 1'-h Site 056 r _., ? r ~ t ~ -- r ~ o- ~ n y 4.14 Environmental Justice In order to ensure that all groups of people in the community are aware of and potentially involved in the waste transfer station project, the County has included the community in several of the stages of the development of the proposed waste transfer station.. They have conducted several public meetings and heard comments from the public regarding the project and siting process. A website2 to inform the public of progress during the siting process was created. A Community r Advisory Group (CAG) is under development that includes residents from the vicinity of the proposed waste transfer station. The purpose of this group is to keep the community involved in the process from the construction of the transfer station through to its operation. This group may act as a mediator for concerns and comments from the public regarding the project. Members of ' the CAG create a direct pathway from the impacted community to the consulting team, Solid ' Waste Management, County Management, and the BOCC. 4.15 Introduction of Toxic Substances No toxic substances will be introduced during the construction of the project. During operations, the transfer station will be operated in accordance with applicable regulations, and BMPs designed to assure that toxic substances will not be introduced to the environment. These practices include: ^ Waste prohibition: By permit and regulation, the facility cannot accept any hazardous, toxic, or radioactive waste. ^ Load inspection: Orange County Solid Waste Operations Staff will conduct inspections on the refuse to assure that the material received is in accordance with allowable waste by the permit issued by NCDENR for the transfer station. A program of random visual inspections will be in place to check for unsuitable materials. Any material that cannot be demonstrated to comply with the facility permit will be rejected. In addition, all loads dumped on the tipping floor are visually inspected by operations staff to assure that unsuitable material is not placed in trailers for transport to the. landfill. ^ Collection of wash water, contact water, and spills: The transfer station building is designed to capture all tipping floor washdown water, as well as any contact water that may drain from the refuse. The containment system would also contain any spills of any toxic materials. The wastewater from the containment system is going to be pumped and hauled to a wastewater treatment plant. Any contamination to the wastewater (as a result of a spill) could be treated prior to its release to a public wastewater treatment plant. z http://www.olveccom/orangecounfy/ i ..~>^4~~~~,, Environmental Assessment 15 Site 056 It is anticipated that the construction and operation of the Orange County Solid Waste Transfer Station will have no significant impacts to the project area. This section reviews the mitigation measures that are incorporated into the siting; design, construction, and operation of the facility. In order to mitigate and prevent these adverse consequences, the following actions are proposed: ® BMPs will be used during construction to ensure that chemical spillage is minimal, and soil is not contaminated. The facility will be enclosed, which will further protect soils in and around the solid waste transfer station. ® The Historical Value Survey will determine if any significant archaeological and historical resources are located at this site. If so, the NC DCR, Division of Archives and History, will be contacted prior to construction for recommendations. ® The impact on air quality from the facility is not significant, and the system is designed such that emissions from the facility will not pose a health risk. An HVAC system will be installed to protect indoor air quality as well as decrease potential air emissions. The building envelope will be constructed from environmentally-preferable materials that minimize life-cycle environmental impacts, resource depletion, and human tonicity. ® The flora and fauna survey will determine if significant detrimental impacts will be caused by the transfer station in terms of the forest resources, shellfish and fish habitats, and wildlife and natural vegetation at the proposed site and its surrounding areas. If this survey indicates significant impacts on these natural resources, the appropriate agencies will be contacted for recommendations. ® The building will be designed in a way to decrease noise reaching the outside. In addition, the lot will remain heavily wooded, which will buffer the surrounding area to any on-site traffic and noise levels. ® In order to protect surface water and groundwater, BMPs will be implemented to improve storm runoff quality at the site. Wastewater will be managed in a way that does not allow for the contamination of water resources prior to its hauling to the public wastewater treatment facility for disposal. A separate septic tank and drain field system will be designed to handle the minimal sanitary wastes generated at the facility. No solvents or similar type cleaning fluids will be used in washdown operations of the transfer. No long-term outdoor storage of waste or other materials will be allowed. Environmental Assessment 16 Site 056 (; i ^ The stream buffer regulations in the County Zoning Ordinance will be followed to protect the surface water resources identified in the SWID survey. ~®® 1~E~E92Et~lCES EPA's EnvironMapper Store Front: http://www.epa.gov/enviro/html/em/ FEMA Map Service: http://msc.fema. gov/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/FemaWelcomeView?storeId=10001 &catalo ' g~Id=10001&lan~;Id=-1&userTy e~--G Land Capability Classification for Agriculture in British Columbia, MOE Manual 1. Ministry of Environment and Ministry of Agriculture and Food. Kelowna, British Columbia, April 1983. Natural Resources Conservation Service, Web Soil Survey: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda. gov/app/ North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT). LiDAR Data Release (Shapefile). May 2007. North Carolina Natural Heritage Program: http://www.ncnhp.ortJ ~ Orange County Zoning Ordinance: http://www.municode.com/resources/ ag tewaY.asp?std=33&pid=13166 Orange County Planning Department GIS Data, 2008. . Orange County,NC. MapFldHazAr, Flood Hazard Polygons (Shapefile). 2006. r~ Orange County, NC. Zoning Districts (Shapefile). 'June 2008. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, National Wetlands Inventory: http://www.fws.gov/nwi/ i Cunningham, W.L. and C.C. Daniel, 2001. "Investigation of Groundwater Availability and Quality in Orange County, NC." U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigation Report 00-4286. r~ c ~~ ®~~°yt ' Eeby ~P U Environmental Assessment °° 17 Site-056 <<b iCnso~~ 7® XI~It~I'rS ^ Exhibit A ^ Exhibit B.1 ^ Exhibit B.2 ^ Exhibit C.1 & C.2 ^ Exhibit D ^ Exhibit E ^ Exhibit F ^ Exhibit G ^ Exhibit H Conceptual Site Plan Layout Site Location Map Site Topography and Slopes Site Firmette maps Site Soil Map County Zoning Map Wetlands Map County Parks Historical Resources EI~N117'S~ 1®ICEI\ISES! ~-h1® PPR®VAI~ Ed~U11tE9VIEN°i'S Table 4 presents a summary of the permits, licenses, and approvals required for 'the construction and operation of the facility. TABLE 4 Permits, Licenses, and Approval Requirements for Construction and Operation of the Solid Waste Transfer Station . Solid Waste Management Facility Permit , , NC Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources Environmental AssessmentlFinding of No Significant Impact Orange County. Planning and Inspections Department Building Permits Orange County Planning and Inspections Department Site Plan Approval Orange County Planning and Inspections Department ~.® ^ APPENDIX A -Surface Water Identification Determination," Orange County Planning and Inspections Department, Erosion Control Division, January 16, 2009 ^ APPENDIX B -Natural Heritage Program Species of Interest Descriptions Environmental Assessment 18 Site 056 ( I I ~ I 1 I (~ - ,~ - _ ~~ { ~~. ~ v '~ r j : rrJ r r a .~ F-. '~~ '~stiv ~ ,. s• ~5 It`r Ir`_i '1 '.`'L- f r t'1 ' f 4''. / ~t~ 1 T , G "1 yy ~ ~ I ( i7 '4~~.. ~ C ,Lp 'fir ~'.Y ~ f - - dr ~ 11 1 l• tl -,• f.•i. 'y~~. 1 ~f / J~ far ):. 4''f CE~ ~~4C_ lJ L} ~F ./ ~.: I htM ~1 W+r ~y;~ ~ ;/`~ ,r .F ~ `v ~ f'1 2`" i ~ ... ~ X "..- '~ ~ ^'~. ~ ;f 1.~u0~. ~,,. P /~-~~cP~H LSI' J t ~ ~ ~ n ' r r `i( 4 i - ~~r r,t \`~~ I r ~^ ~ s ~ I-~c. „a ~~ rl ''u pp rtt1 ,] yT OJ ~,4.... 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C ~/~ l ~/ l (~ __ C Appendix A Surface Water Identification Determination", ®range County Planning and Inspections Department, Erosion Control Division. January 16, 2009 c c ~. , r c c c c c c c c c c r ,_ (. ~. ~. ~. ~. /" i l l Page 1 of 3 ORANGE COUNTY PLANNING & INSPECTIONS DEPARTMENT Craig N. Benedict, AICP, Director Administration 245-2575 ~p°ntY of ®f Erosion Control Division ~~` ¢ ~ °s 306E Revere Road (919) 245-2586 ~_ ~ ~ P O Box 8181 ~. (919) 644-3002 (FAX) ~, Hillsborough, NC 27278 www.co.orange.nc.us ~°~~h ~°_°~~°° ,~ r~~ ~ Gayle Wilson P.O. Box 17177 Chapel Hill, NC 27516 Re: .Orange County Zoning Ordinance Surface Water Identification Haw River Unprotected Watershed PIN 9739-67-3056, TMBL 6.26..5 PIN 9739-64-5698, TMBL 6.26..27 West 54 LLC Property To Whom It May Concern: This letter serves as confirmation of an on-site surface water identification made by Orange County Erosion Control Division staff for the referenced parcels. Orange County enforces a stream buffer along streams and water features in the County per the Orange County Zoning Ordinance (see Section 6.24.1 Additional Requirements for Lots Outside of Watershed Protection Areas, as amended on May 20, 2003). The evaluation showed that there are several water features on the parcel in question that are subject to buffer regulations. The water features are approximately referenced on the attached aerial photograph /map. The subject water features will require a 65' or ~ 80' undisturbed buffer along both sides, calculated per the referenced Zoning regulations. These undisturbed buffer areas shall be measured from the top of the stream bank, outer edge of wet, marshy areas, or outer edge of;the floodplain where applicable (see below): S:\\ErosionControlDivision\2009\CapeFear\011609.TM6~6.26..5&6.26..27.West54 January 16, 2009 Page2of3 OR OR S:\\ErosionControlD ivis ion\2009\CapeFear\011609.TM BL6.26..5&6.26..27. W est54 ® Suter 'STVidth ® Sut~~:.r ~fidth ® ~ ® Suft'er ~Niclth q ~ Page3of3 The following is a description of how the buffers affect the property: 1. Feature A, a previously mapped stream segment, is present in the field and therefore subject to buffer regulations. The beginning point has been flagged in the field for reference. 2. Feature B, a previously mapped stream segment, is present in the field and therefore subject to buffer regulations. The beginning point has been flagged in the field for reference. '' 3. Feature C, a previously mapped stream segment, is present in the field and therefore subject to buffer regulations. This feature does not originate on the parcels in question but instead passes through, so the beginning point has not been flagged. 4. Feature D, a previously unmapped wet, marshy area, is present in the field and therefore subject to buffer regulations. The beginning point has been flagged in the ~ field for refierence. ~ ~ 5. Feature E, a previously mapped stream segment, is present in the field and therefore subject to buffer regulations. This feature does not originate on the parcels in question but instead passes through, so the beginning point has not been flagged. r 6. Feature F, a previously unmapped water feature, designates the beginning of several isolated pools draining towards Feature A. These pools do not meet the necessary criteria to be deemed subject to stream buffer regulations, however they could possibly meet wetland criteria and should be looked at by the US Army Corp of ~ ~ Engineers. The contact information for the Raleigh Regional Office of the USACE is Andy Williams at (919) 554-4884, Ext. 26. If you have further questions about the application of the Zoning Ordinance to this property, or how to calculate the buffer lengths, please contact Current Planning Staff at 919-245- 2575. Sincerely, G~ ~~ Wesley Poole Erosion Control Officer I Attachments: Aerial Photograph /Map Relevant Text from Zoning Ordinance cc: File S:\\ErosionControlDivision\2009\CapeFear\011609.TMBL6.26..5&6.26..27.West54 C C C C ~ , C C C C C C C C. C C C C C C C C C C C C C ~ ( C C C ~~ , i ~, t~ ~~ r~ ~, r~ ~, ~, ~ , ~~ i ,, i~ ~~ '~ 6.23.7 Amended 9/18/01 5/20/03 *Amended 1-17-95 Amended 5/21 /97 ~ountP of r + ,~ it 'a ~ 5z 6 ~~~Ib jai°~~~ Stream Buffer Excerpts i=rorr, Orange County Zoning Ordinance STREAM BUFFERS a) Definition See Article 22 Stream Buffer b) Permitted Uses Within Stream Buffers The following uses are allowed as a matter of right in stream buffers. All other uses are prohibited, except as provided in Article 6.23.10 of this Ordinance. 1) Above-ground and .buried utility lines for local distribution of electricity, telephone and cable television service, accessory and appurtenant apparatus such as poles, guy wires, transformers and switching boxes, and individual or community wells. Individual or community wastewater disposal systems are not permitted in stream buffers. Public water and sewer lines are permitted only as allowed by the Orange County Water and Sewer Policy, and may be located within stream buffers only to the extent necessary to cross the stream buffer as closely as possible to perpendicular. 2) Public and private streets, bridges and railroad rights-of- way, provided that they enter and exit the buffer area as nearly perpendicular as possible. c) Land Disturbance and Planting of Vegetation 1) Area within a stream .buffer which is subject to serious erosion may be .disturbed for the purpose of planting and maintaining erosion-resistant vegetative cover. 2) Existing forested areas or any other healthy vegetation cannot be removed from a stream buffer, except where replaced with vegetation resulting in comparable stormwater runoff velocity and quantity one year after planting. M:\Erosion Control Div\Stream Calls\Zoning Text.012005 An exception shall be allowed for golf courses where the line of play crosses a stream buffer. Only trees which obstruct the intended line of play may be cut, provided stumps and root (~ mass are not removed and trees which are cut can be removed in a sensitive manner which minimizes additional disturbance to the stream buffer. 3) New vegetation shall be planted to capture non-source pollutants before they reach the. perennial stream, as per applicable Orange County Standards. Amended 9/1s/o1 d) Calculating Width of Stream Buffer Those streams identified by FEMA as having floodplains shall have stream buffers calculated from the outside edges of the floodplain. 1) How to Calculate Slope a. Draw 250' length perpendicular lines, at 200- foot horizontal intervals along the entire length of the outside edges of the stream, or the outer edge of .the FEMA floodplain, whichever is greater. b. Determine the elevation at either the stream bank itself (1) or the outer edge of the FEMA floodplain, whichever is highest, and at the point 250' from the stream or FEMA floodplain, whichever is applicable, along the perpendicular line (2). c. Subtract (1) from (2). d. Divide c. by 250. e. Multiply d. by 100. f. Perform this calculation for both sides of the stream or floodplain. Hereafter, the number derived in'e. will be referred to as "slope value." 2) Method A -Stream Buffer Based on Slope and Groundcover The width of the buffer shall be a minimum of fifty (50) feet from each edge of the floodplain. In addition to the fifty (50) foot buffer, an additional 15 feet shall be added to the 50-foot buffer (65 feet total) where the slope value is less than 7.5%, as measured 250 feet from the edge of the floodplain. For slope values 7.5% and greater, as measured 250 feet from the edge of the floodplain, an additional 30 feet shall be added to the 50- foot buffer (80 feet total). These calculations shall be made from each side of either the stream bank or floodplain, whichever is greater. ~_ M:\Erosion Control Div\Stream Calls\Zoning Text.012005 3) Method B -Stream Buffer Based on Slope and Groundcover ~~ ~~~ i~ i, ;; i~ r~ ~~ ~~ ~, i~ ~~ ~; ~~ ~, ~~ STREAM BUFFER WIDTH (IN FEET) BASED ON SLOPE AND GROUNDCOVER 1 Slope Value Type of Groundcover Grass Wood s 2 to 4.9 100 50 5 to 9.9 150 100 10 to 14.9 200 100 15 or greater 250 150 In addition to the buffer zone resulting from the calculations below, a stream buffer shall include any portion of a floodplain as defined in the Orange County Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance, by special survey by a registered engineer or surveyor, or by alluvial soils as designated in the Orange County Soils Surve . The required stream buffer zone shall not be limited to one calculation, but. shall be based on calculations made at points where topographical and ground cover conditions change based on an anal sis of the site. e) Minimum Buffer Width Required DISTRICT MINIMUM STREAM BUFFER WIDTH* UNIV-CA The buffer width adjacent to streams shall be calculated for both Method A and Method B, and at any given point along the stream, the width of the buffer shall be the larger. of the two. The same method shall be used to calculate the buffer around the reservoir itself. New structures shall be located at least 1.50' from the reservoir or outside of the stream buffer, whichever is greater. UNIV-PW The buffer width shall be calculated for both Method A and Method B, and at any given point along the stream, the width of the buffer shall be the larger of the two. CANE-CA The buffer width adjacent to streams shall be the width calculated using Method A. U-ENO-CA The same method shall be used to calculate the buffer around the reservoir itself. New structures shall be located at least 150' from the reservoir or outside of the stream buffer, whichever is greater. U-ENO-PW The buffer width shall be as calculated using Method A, or 150', whichever is less, L-ENO-PW except where density exceeds 1 du/ac and impervious surface exceeds 12%. BACK-PW -Where density exceeds 1 du/ac and impervious surface exceeds 12%, the buffer width shall be calculated as above, but shall not be less than 100'. CANE-PW The buffer width shall be the width calculated using Method A, or 150', whichever is LITTLE-PW less. HYCO-PW FLAT-PW HAW-PW JORDAN-PW M:\Erosion Control Div\Stream CaIIs~Zoning Text.012005 6.24 Additional Requirements for Lots Outside of Watershed Protection Areas Amended 9/18/01 6.24.1 In areas not identified on the Official Zoning Atlas as Watershed Protection Amended Overlay Districts, a stream buffer a minimum of 50 feet in width shall be 9/18/01 established along both sides of streams identified by any of the following s/2o/os means: 1) shown as solid blue lines or as broken blue lines on the USGS Quadrangle maps, 2) shown as a water feature in the Orange County Soil Survey, or 3) a water feature identified by a field determination of County staff trained in surface water identification through the North Carolina Division of Water Quality (NCDWQ. Stream buffers shall extend around the perimeter of all other water features if any portion. of the stream buffer of a stream touches the water feature. Disputes pertaining to water feature decisions by County staff shall be filed directly to the NCDWQ. Stream buffers for Soil Survey streams shall only be calculated using Method A as explained in Section 6.23.7d. ARTICLE 22 -- DEPIPIITIONS Amended 1 /4/94 9/18/01 5/20/03 Stream Buffer - A stream buffer is an area of land adjacent to a stream or a FEMA-identified floodplain, whichever is greater, which, except as permitted in Article 6.23.7 of this Ordinance, must remain undisturbed in its natural state. Streams are identified by any of the following means: 1) shown as solid blue lines or as broken blue lines on the USGS Quadrangle maps, 2) shown as a water feature in the Orange County Soil Survey, or 3) a water feature identified by a field determination of County staff trained in surface water identification through the North Carolina Division of Water Quality (NCDWQ. Stream buffers shall extend-around the perimeter of all other water features if any portion of the stream buffer touches the water feature. Disputes pertaining to water feature identification decisions by County staff shall be filed directly to the NCDWQ. Stream buffers for Soil Survey streams shall only be calculated using Method A as explained in Section 6.23.7d. Amended 5/20/03 Water Feature - A prominent aspect or characteristic of a geographic area that exhibits ,verifiable. evidence of a presence of water in the soil. Examples of water features. include, .but are not limited to, ..perennial and intermittent.. streams, lakes, ponds, reservoirs, springs, artesian wells, ..irrigation wells, marshes or swamps, wetlands, and natural drainage ditches (non-ephemeral). ~/ { C C C C M:\Erosion Control Div\Stream Calls\Zoning Text.012005 appendix Natural Heritage Program Species of Interest Descriptions c: <~ c ~' c c c c c ~. C C C: C C. C. C ~_ C C C C C. C C C C. C C C C C ~ ~. C C C C No1~th Carolina Mussel Atlas ~,. •r •-.. r.. I ~ _°~. Spet~ies .~n~ formatr'on and Status :~~~~.,„~.:;..':~,_ IMIt,DLIFE SPECIES & COHSERYATION brook floater Alasmidonta varrcosa (Lamarck, 1819) (interior} (exterior) Please Nate: Red text is defined in the Glossary Page 1 of 2 Description Lamarck described the brook floater in 1819 GC? t0 from the Schuylkill River in Pennsylvania. This .SE'leii species has a fairly small, thin, rhomboidal shaped shell that rarely exceeds 70 mm in length, 40 mrn in height, and 30 mm in width. The conspicuous posterior slope is broad and flat to slightly concave, with numerous short, low corrugations radiating toward the posterior margin at right angles to the growth lines. The periostracum is yellowish or brownish with numerous dark green or black rays. The nacre is glossy, bluish white and grades into a pale orange in the umbo area. The hinge teeth are poorly developed. Each valve has one small thin, triangular pseudocardinal tooth and lateral teeth are lacking. or vestigial. This species has a bright orange foot. Distribution (see map) The brook floater is found in Atlantic Slope river basins from the Savannah River Basin in South Carolina north to the St Lawrence River Basin in Canada. It has also been found in the Greenbrier River (Ohio River Basin) of West Virginia. It is considered more common in the northern park of its range. Distribution by County: Catawba River Basin: Burke Co. (Linville River, Warrior Fork, and Johns River subbasins); Pee Dee River Basin: Surry Co. (Mitchell River Subbasin), Randolph Co. (Caraway Cr. and Little River subbasins), Montgomery Co. (Little River and Barnes Cr. Subbasins); Cape Fear River Basin: Moore Co. (Deep River), Chatham Co. (Rocky River Subbasin}; Neuse River Basin: Orange Co: (Eno River Subbasin) NOTE: All headwater areas that flow into these occupied habitats should receive special management. Habitat Preferences This species inhabits medium size streams and rivers. It prefers clean, swift waters with stable gravel, or sand and gravel substrates. However, individuals found near the mouth of the Linville River in North Carolina were observed in sandy/silty substrate in cracks between boulders along a steep bank, in 1 to 3 feet of water and relatively slow current. Life History The brook floater is a bradytictic breeder. Gravid females have been found from August through May. Identified fish hosts include blacknose dace, golden shiner, longnose dace, margined madtom, pumpkinseed, slimy sculpin and yellow perch (Shultz and Marbain 1998) Return to Top of Page Return.to S~ecies_ List llttps//www.nev~rildlif'e.arg/pg07_WildlifeSpeciesCoi~/pg7bl al_S.lltrn' 1 /5/2009 North Carolina Mussel Atlas Return to Mussel Atlas home page Page 2 of 2 http://www.ncwildlife.org/pg07_WildlifeSpeciesCon/pg7bl al_8.htin 1/6/2009 North Carolina Mussel Atlas Pale 1 oft Species .~nfarrnotr'vn ant Stal~us WILDLIFE SPECIES 8 CONSERVATION yellow lampmussel Lampsilis carioca (Say, 1817) Please Note: Red Text is defrned in the G/oss~ Description Say described this species in 1817 from the G4 t0 Schuylkill River in Pennsylvania. The ~~'Ii~" periostracurn is smooth, shiny, and usually yellow with some brownish freckling or patches on some surface areas. Rays may be present -usually o.n the posterior slope but rarely may extend toward the anterior end,: resulting in over half the shell being rayed. Females are obovate or subovate resulting in a rather short high shape. Mates are elongate and elliptical. Shells may reach 130 mm in length (Johnson 1970). The nacre is usually white to bluish white. Britton and Fuller (1979) and Fuller and Bereza (1974) add that a distinguishing characteristic of female yellow lampmussels is the development of the mantle, anterior to a larger darkly pigmented "eyespot," into a strongly developed flap of tissue on each mantle lobe. Also, the ventral margin of the marsupium is darkly pigmented (Britton and Fuller 1979). Distribution see rna The yellow lampmussel is found from the lower Ottawa River, Canada eastward to the Sydney River, Nova Scotia then south to the Ogeechee River Drainage Basin in Georgia (Johnson 1970). Atone time this species probably ranged throughout most of the Atlantic Slope drainages in North Carolina; however, historical records provided by Johnson (1970) come from the Coopor-Santee, Waccamaw, Cape Fear, neuse, Pamlico, and Chowan drainages. It appears that this species has been recently extirpated from the Black River in Sampson, Bladen, and Pender counties and from Ruin Creek in Vance County. Distribution by County: Pee-Dee River Basin: Montgomery Co. (Little River Basin). Waccamaw River Basin: Columbus Co. (Lake Waccamaw). Cape Fear River Basin: Randolph Go. (Deep River); Moore (Deep River); Chatham (Deep River); Lee Co. (Deep River); .Harnett Co. (Cape Fear River); Cumberland counties (Cape Fear River}. Neuse River Basin: Person Co. (Flat River Subbasin}, Durham Go. (Flat and Little river subbasins}, Orange Go. (Eno River Subbasin), Johnston Co. (Little River Subbasin). Tar River Basin: Granville Co, (Tar River Subbasin), Franklin Co. (Sandy Cr. Subbasin and Tar River), Nash Co. (Swift and Fishing creek subbasins and Tar River), Edgecombe Co. (Fishing Cr. Subbasin. and Tar River), Halifax Go. (L. Fishing and Fishing creek subbasins). NOTE: All headwater areas that flow into These occupied habifafs should receive special management. Habitat Preferences The yellow lampmussel can be found in many different habitats; however, it appears to slightly prefer the shifting sands downstream http://www.ncwildlife.org/pg07_wildlifespeciesco~~/p~7bla1_15.htm 1/6/2009 (interior) (exterior) North Carolina Mussel Atlas Page 2 of 2 from large boulders. in relatively fast flowing,. medium sized rivers and medium to large creeks.. Life History This species is considered to be bradytictic (~rtmann 1919, Alderman 1988). The alewife or another migratory fish has been suggested as the host fish fot the yellow lampmussel (Johnson 1947). This may be true for some populations of this mussel species, but there must also be freshwater host(s), since this species can be found in isolated creeks and rivers in North Carolina. Retum.to Top of Page Retu.rn_to Species List Return. to Mussel Atlas home~page I~ttp://www.newildlife.org/pg07 wildlifespeciescoi~/pg7blal_15.htm 1/6/2009 C C ~~ (. C. ~. i (_ ~. C North Carolina Mussel Atlas ~= ~~~ Species Infarma~ion and StQtus =~~ "'"'' wILDLIfE SPEtIES & CflN5ERYATIflN creeper Strophitus undulates (Say, 1817) {interior) Please Note: Red text is defined in the glossary Page 1 of 2 Description Shells of the creeper tend to be rather thin and ~O t0 fragile. Specimens may reach over 100 mm in ,Sf1@ff length in North Carolina. The periostracum is generally smooth and shiny. The color may range from yellowish to dark brown. Green rays may extend over the entire surface of the shelf: The anterior end is rounded and the posterior end is rounded except a straight margin may exist near the terminus of the posterior ridge. The dorsal margin is straight with the umbos extending above this margin. The ventral margin is irregularly rounded. Growth rests are clearly evident when the shell is held toward a bright light.. The posterior slope tends to be roughened even on shells tending to be smooth. Lateral teeth are absent and the pseudocardinal teeth are vestigial in each valve. The nacre tends to be iridescent and ranges in color from gray to blue. The nacre may be extensively colored salmon. Distribution (.see map) The range of the creeper includes both the Atlantic Slope and the Interior Basin. It is found through the Mississippi and Ohio drainages from Central Texas to Lake Winnipeg, Canada. In the Atlantic Slope it.occurs from the Savannah River in South Garolina to the St. Lawrence River in Canada (Johnson 1970). Distribution by County: French Broad River Basin: Transylvania Co. (Little River Subbasin, French Broad River), Henderson Co. (Cane. Creek Subbasin, French Broad River), BuncombeCo. (French Broad River}. Broad River Basin: Polk Co. (Green River). Pee Dee River Basin: Union Co. (Goose Cr. Subbasin), Stanly Co. (Bear Cr. Subbasin), Montgomery Co. (Barnes and Densons creek subbasins, Little River Subbasin), Randolph Co. (Caraway Cr. Subbasin). Cape Fear River Basin: Moore Co. (Deep River Subbasin), Chatham Ca. (Rocky River Subbasin, Buckhorn Cr. Subbasin), Alamance Co. (Stinking Quarter Cr. Subbasin), Orange Co. (Cane Cr. Subbasin}. Neese River Basin: Orange C.a. (Eno and Little river subbasins), Person Co. (Flat River Subbasin), Durham Co. (Flat and Little river subbasins), Wake Co. (Crabtree, Swift, and Middle creek subbasins), Johnston Co. (Middle and Swift creek subbasins, Little River Subbasin), Nash Co. (Moccasin and Turkey creek subbasins), Wilson Co. (Moccasin, Turkey, and Contentnea creek subbasins), Jones Co. (Trent River Subbasin}. Tar River Basin: Person Ca. (Tar River Subbasin), Granville Co. (Shelton and Cub creek subbasins, and Tar River Subbasin}; Vance Co. {Ruin and Tabbs creek subbasins), Franklin Co. (Sandy, Fox, and Crooked creek subbasins), Nash Co. (Stony and Swift creek subbasins, Tar River Subbasin}, Warren Co. (Fishing and L. Fishing creek subbasins), Halifax Co. (L. Fishing Cr. 5ubbasin). Roanoke River Basin: Person Co. (Mayo Cr. Subbasin), Caswell Co. (Country Line Creek http://www.newildlife.org/pg07_wildlifes~eeiescon/pg7blal 20.htm. 1/6/2009 (exterior) North Carolina Mussel Atlas Page 2 of 2 Subbasin), Granville Co. (Aarons Gr. Subbasin). NOTE: All headwater areas that flow into these occupied habitafs should receive special management. Habitat Preferences This species has been taken from silt, sand, gravel, and mixed substrates. Throughout its range it has been found from headwater streams to large rivers and lakes to a depth of 4 meters (Gordon and Layzer 1989). Life History This species is a long term brooder with gravid females being found throughout the year (Gordon and Layzer 1989). Hermaphroditic creepers have occasionally been found (van der Schalie 1970).' Ellis and Keirn (1918) identified the green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus) as one fish host, and Baker (1928) identified the creek chub (Semotilus atromaculatus) and tFte la.rgernouth bass (Micropferus salmoides) as other fish hosts. Return to Top of Page Return to Species List Return to Mussel Atlas home;pa~e http://www.ncwildlife.org1pg07_wildlifespeciescon/pg'T61 a 1 _20.htm 1 /6/2009 ;_ ,, ~~ , ~,~ ;~ ~~ ~, ~~ i ~, (~ (! ~; (~ ~~ ~, ,, The Virtual Aquarium of Virginia Tech--Perches and Darters ~~-l~ ~ir-~u~~ ~c~u~rium Physical Description: • Eyes almost on top of head • Rounded fail fin • Elongate,, somewhat compressed body • Terminal mouth and short, rounded nose • Dark blotches and speckles on body • Yellow-brown body • Dorsal and tail fins with rusty color • Other fins clear or pale yellow • Green and yellow iridescence around head Similar species: • Carolina darter (Etheostoma Collis} Mean body size: • Adults are 25-40 standard length Habitat: • Warm pools and slow runs in streams, over sand and gravel Distribution in VA: • Roanoke drainages Food Habits: Insects and other invertebrates Reproductive Habits: • Mature by age 1 or 2 • Spawning occurs March to April • Eggs attach to gravel on bottom http.//www, cm.vt,edu/efisl~/families/carolinadart.html Page 1 of 2 1 /6/209 Carolina Darter, Etl~eostomrr coflis _ _ __ The Virtual Aquarium of Virginia Tech--Perches and Darters Page 2 of 2 • Fecundity is unknown Population Status, Economic, or Ecological Importance: • Threatened status in Virginia References: Jenkins, R.E and N.M. Burkhead.1993. Freshwater Fishes of Virginia. American Fisheries Society, i3ethesc http,//www.enr.vt.edu/efisl~/families/carolinadart.html 1/6/2009 PLANTS Profile for Phacelia covillei (Coville's phacelia) ~ USDA PLANTS U~~~ United States Department of Agria,itur9 "- Natural Resources Conservation Service ?!~NT~ S J Page 1 of 3. ~ ~ ~ _ ~~' You are here: Home /PLANTS Prorile 7F' Name Search ~,1 L~ ~'t'~ ~ ~~~~ ~~ Scientific Name t Go , O State Search o Advanced Search O Search Heip Phacelia covillei S. Watson Coville's phacelia Click on the Image below to enlarge it and download a high-resolution TIFF file. h Alternative Crops t> Characteristics Symbol: PHC030 D Classification Group: Divot Famfly: Hydrophyllaceae b Culturally Significant puration: Annual P Distribution Update Growth Forb/herb Habit: b Fact Sheets & Plant Guides Native t= Invasive and Noxious Status: L48 N Weeds t= Links P Plant Materials Publications P Threatened & Endangered ty Wetland Indicator Status D 40,000+ Plant Images D Submit Your Digital .Images D Complete PLANTS Checklist h~ Slate PLANTS Checklist 4 Advanced Search Download D Symbols for Unknown Images: Plants Phacelia covillei S. Watson D. NRCS S#ate GSAT Lisls rV ~! Britton, tV.L., and A. Brown. 1913. An Illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions. Voi. 3: 7D. Courtesy of Kentucky Native Plant Society. Scanned by. Omnitek Inc. Usagq Requfr~meDts. D NRCS State Plants Lists See all the Phacelia thumbnails at the PLANTS Gallery D PLANTS Posters Distribution: ;i,R~ Phacelia covillei S. Watson -. "'~~ .r tY Crop Nutrient Tool D Ecological Site Information System D Plant Materials Web Site Other NRCS Tech More n Class Data Docun httpalplants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=PHC030 1/7/2009 \. ~. - ~ ~. ~. i .. North Carolina County Level Distribution for phacelia covillei (CovilIe`s phacelia) ~ USD... Pale l of 2 UJ~~ United Stains Onparimeni of Agriculture Scientific Name ~:`~ Go ~ State Search County Distribution o Advanced Search a Search Nelp phacelia covillei S. Watson - Coville's phacelia D Alternative Crops in the state of North Carolina D Checklist D State PLANTS Checklist h Advanced Search Download Our county data are based primarily on the literature, herbarium specimens, and conf D Symbols for Unknown observations. Not ail populations have been documented, however, and significant ga Plants distribution shown above may not be real. Please use the Distribution Update module D NRCS State LSAT Lists data by adding your new distribution information to PLANTS. Remember that only net naturalized populations are mapped! D NRCS State Plants Lists D PLANTS Posters Time Generated: 01/07/2• D Characteristics D Classification p Culturally Significant D Distribution Update D Fact Sheets & Plant Guides h Invasive and Noxious Weeds D Links h Plant Materials Publications D Threatened & Endangered D Wetland Indicator Status D 40,000+ Plant Images D Submit Your Digital images Complete PLANTS h Crop Nutrient Tool D Ecological Site Information System D Plant Materials- Web 5ite- Other NRCS Tech http://plants. usda.~av/java/couuty?state_name=North%20Carolina~statetips=37&symbol=... 1/7/2009 ~. '. C C C C C C C C C C C ~~ < ( . C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C i ( I r i i ;~ r , i ~; ~~ i t LAPIN: Enernion biternaium (Eastern false rue anemone) . THE ~aal,~Nt"E'.5]' P. ' ~ T" f ~~ y a sit, ~~~,. r. ~ ~ F ;.~ _.~ ~. NATIVE PLANT DATABASE Search for native plants by scientific Warne, common name or family. If you are looking for, try the CpmbinatiQn Search or our Recommended ~pe~ies lists. Name search: scientific or common names Famil Acanthaceae Acanthus Famil "k'ti Enemion biternatum Raf. Eastern false rue anemone, Eastern false rue-anemone Ranuncutaceae jt3uttercup Family. Synonyms: tsopyrum biterrtatum USDA Symbol: ENBI USDA Native Status: Native to U.S. Open, many-stemmed perennial,, 8-16 in. hight. Loose clusters of white flowers with five petal-like sepals are borne on slender stems from leaf axils. White, anemone-like flowers in small clusters at ends of stems or on stalks rising in axils of alternate leaves. Leaves are divided into three segments and then into three leaflets. Grows in large patches. This small, herbaceous perennial,,, long known as Isopyrum biternatum, .. _... m ................... grows from thick, tuberous, fibrous roots. It may be confused with Rue Anemone (Thalictrum thalictroides), which has opposite or whorled stem leaves just below the flowers, 5-10 petal-like sepals,, and.fruit with one seed. FROM THE IMAGE GALLERY 1 photo.(s1.avai(able in the gallery http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result:php?id~lant=ENBI Pale 1 of 2 E; E; not sure what you are FI IN M go H• 9o Sl 0 ___ _ - 811 RE 1 /6/2009 Btoodwor NPIN: Enemion biternatum (Eastenl false nie anemone} PLANT CHARACTERISTICS Duration: Perennial Wabit• Herb~~~ Size Class: 1-3 ft.' BLOOM INFORMATION Bloom Color: White Bloom Time; Apr ,May DISTRIBUTION Pale 2 of 2 USA: AL , AR , FL , IL , IN , IA , KS , KY , MI , MN , MS , MO , NY , NC , OH , OK , SC , SD , TN , VA , WV , WI Canada: ON Native Distribution: S. Ont. to MN, s. to n.w. FL, AL, MO Ei OK Native Habitat: Rich or calcereous uroods ft thickets; floodplain woods USDA Native Status: L48,(N.j.,, CAN(N,} GROWING CONDITIONS Light Requirement: Part Shade ,Shade Soil Moisture: Wet Soil Description: Moist to mesic soils Conditions Comments: Nak Available PROPAGATION Description: Not Available Seed Collection: Not Available Seed Treatment: Not Available Commercially Avai L• .yes ADDITIONAL RESOURCES USDA: Find, ~nemiop~t~itQrnQtum in USDA Plants FNA: Find ~n~Rllnn_bi.#eFpofttm in the Flora of North America (if available) Google: Search Google for EnQmipn.,bit+?rnptum METADATA Record Modified: 2007-07-01 Research' By: TWC Staff G~, bask i~ ~2tl07 lady bird Johnson wildflower center 1 4801 la u~osse avenue austin, texas 78734 1512.232.0100 `~ \. littp://www.wildflower.org/plantsh~esuIt.php?id~laut=ENBL 116/209 All About Birds: Warbling Vireo Page 1 0l'2 C'UItNELL LAB flf f~RNITHC~LUf~Y Warbling Vireo Vireo gilvus Order PASSERIFORMES -Family VIREONIDAE For complete Life HJstory Information on this Summary Page - D e t a i 1 e d Page species, visit Birds of North Am~r~a_Qn{{Re. Menu ~ Description ~ Sound a Conservation_$taku$ ~ 4thdr Nantes ~ Cool Facts ~ Full detailed. speci.~~ a~c4unk A drab bird of riparian woodlands, the Warbling Vireo is more easily heard than seen. It has' no distinctive fieldmarks, but its rapid warbling song with a accented, high-pitched last note is relatively .....easy to recognize. ' ; i (~ r i i i~ i Description • Small drab songbird. • Back grayish green. • Underparts whitish, may haue yellowish tinge to flanks. • Eyebrow dull white. • Grayish line through eye. • No wingbars, tail spots, or eyering. • Size: 12-13 cm (5-5 in) • Wingspan: 22 cm ('9 in) • Weight: i0-16 g (0.35-0.56 ounces) Sex Differences Sexes alike. Sound At~Qu~ thy:. maA ~q Play, sound frprn this species Song a rapid jumble of rising and falling notes, usually ending in an accented, higher-pitched note. "If I sees you, I will seize you, and I'll squeeze you till you squirt!" Call a nasal "eeah." »listen.to songs of this species Conservation Status ~2-~~~ ' Warbling Vireo tom about the~hotogr~phS toi Populations generally stable or slightly increasing, but may be decreasing in some areas, e.g., California. 1~1tp:L/www.birds.co~~nell.edu/AllAboutBirds/BirdCuide/Warbling_Vireo.littnl 1/7/2009 All About Birds: Warbling Vireo Page 2 of 2 Other tVames Vireo melodieux (French) Vireo. gorjeador (Spanish) Cool Facts ® The Warbling Vireo may be made up of two or three species. The eastern and western forms differ slightly in size, bill shape, genetics, molt strategies, wintering areas, and possibly voice. Western birds are slightly smaller, have smaller, darker bills, are more olive-green on the upperparts, and have a darker crown than the eastern birds. Sources used to construct this page: Gardali, T., and G. Ballard. 2000. Warbling Vireo (Vireo gilvus). In The Birds of North Air -erl.4e, No. 551 (A. tol Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA. Full detailed_~pecies account> http://www.birds.eornell:edu/AllAboutBirds/BirdGuide/Warbling_Vireo.html 1/7/2009 ~~-_ ~\ dvF SfATgy M -~ ~`•e;;~ North Carolina Department of Administration Beverly Eaves Perdue, Gavernar March 26, 2009 Mr. Robert Davis Orange County Transfer Station c/o Orange Caunty Planning P.O. Box 8181 Hillsborough, NC 27278 Britt Cobb, Secretary Re: SCH File # 09-E-0000-0228; EA; Construction of a Solid Waste Transfer Station in - Bingham Township in western Orange Caunty on NC 54 Dear Mr. Davis: The above referenced environmental impact information has been submitted to the State Clearinghouse under the provisions of the State Environmental Policy Act. Attached to this letter for your consideration are the comments made by agencies and members of the public in the course of this review. .` , ;; _: . ' ' If any: further er~vlrant'n~r!tal review documents are prepared for this project; they should be fox~varded to - ~ - this office for intergovernmental review. Should you have any questions, please do not hesitate to call. Sincerely, ~/ ~ / ~,,,~" ~ Valerie VV. McMillan, Director State Environmental Review Clearinghouse Attachments cc: Region J Matting Address: Telephone: (979)807.3A25 Location Address: 1301 Mai! Service Center Fax (919)733-9571 116 West Jones Strect Raleigh, NC 27699-1301 State Courier;Y51-Oi-00 Raleigh, North Carolina e-matt va/erie.w.mcmillan adoa.nc.gov An equal Opportunity/A~rmative Action Employer C 0312612009 14:12 9197153060 NCISENR PAGE 01116 ~ *'. ~-' i Noah Caacolina ~.?epa~ecrnent t~FEztuimnment and Natural Resources Bevetiy Eaves Perdue ~ovornax ME,MQR~f,I~IDUh~I Tt~: PROM: RE: j)A,~'E: Valerio McMillan State Glearingaaouse Ntelba McGree EriVitalutnental evicw Coordinator 04-0228 F.A Proposed Waste Transfer Station tan Prange County March 2G, 2004 Dct Free~x-~ 5ecrccary :,.. , .The l~~g„ariment QiF Enviraninent and Natural Resources ku'~s viewed the gropcsed project TIC attael>ed efl7~tarnerit3 ~ g result of this review. ..~. ~~...,~. The department supports continued oo4t°diua.#ivn with the ~.G. Wildlife Resources Gomrnission, the NG ZtiTatulzal Heritage Program and Ua Fish ~d wildlife Service in order to ma~ciunzxe oppozwnitic~ to avoid and minimize environmental impacts. Wanking dii~otly with otar resources agencies in providing fi><rthar cla~tifieation prior tv $nali2ing tlaa FON9X will prevent delays and assist our regulatory divisigns in tha permit stage: Thank you for the oj~portunity to respond, Attachments 1fi01 R/fell $enrics Ceriber, Re(eigh, North Cst4titt~ 27699.4649 ~0 C~O1111`~l. PI58ne:949-733-49841 FpX: 9h9-715-3080 -crrernet wunn+.enrs~tate.rrc.us ~~~~y~jr Rn Equst ODDUrtunity IAffumethro Actlon Employer - 50°k Recycled 410°6 Pest Caneurnar P&per [.y LiE~~ @3!26!20@9 1a: 12 9197153@6@ NCDFJJ,R PAGE @2116 ,~ f ~ • ~'I i(. I;! (, - Nof~h ~~llna pepal#men1; of Environment and Natural Re$curces [~ivlsiosl of ~eitural Resources Planning a>ld t:4nsetti-~ttan Dee Freeman Beverly Eaves Perdue Linda Pasrsatl secretary GOVemor Director March 1$, 2809 _MEMOiiANDUM - Tp; Melba McGee, QENit Environmental Coordinator FFt4tN: Katie Armstrong, NG Natural Heritage Program "' SU6aE~1'; F~4 - Proposed Wasfie Transfer Station, Orange County ,, i :,~ REFERENCE: project No. ti9-0228 '`~ ~~ '~ q. E '. ' 1 The "NC Natural Heritage Program (NHP has reviewed they; Environrental Assessment (EAy f+5r the proposed waste transfer station in southern grange County. Tf1;e hIHP 1^eCOgnixes that this project has the potential to iillpact several federally and state iistQ~ speues a(n~ d at least one AgUBtiC Signtfit~nt Natural ,. Heritage Area (l~SI~HA~. ACCgrding to hIHP data; one" pb~saiat~~n of the Federal Species "of Concern and State Endangered brook floater (Atvsmfd~-nta variaosoj was found iry Collins Creek one 6cm upstream and one km down5ir+~am of Old Greensboro Road (SR ti005j, dowrl`sn'eam of the proposed waste transfer site near NC-5~4 and Orange Grove Raad. 1Ne have na evidence that Collins Creek has been surveyed farther upstream, closer to NC~54. Additionally, lire portion of Collins Creek that supports brook Hooter and the area, downstl'eam to the Naw i'tivrtr are considC:red part 4f the. Haw River A-quatiC HAbitBt Significant hlatural Heritage Area. A significant natural heritage area (SNMAa is an :area of land or water identified by NHP as being important for pr+dteCtton of the state's biodiversity. Significant Natural Heritage Areas Contain ©ne or more high-quality or rare natural Communities, rare species, andjand sp+et'tal animal habitats, This Aquatic Significant Natural Heritage Area (ASNHP~) is Considered t4 he of national significance beca~+se it contains one of just a few known sites for the endemic and Federally Endangered Cape Fear shiner (Nprrapts mekFstocholos~. The globally rare 5eptima's clubtail (Gamptaus sep#lmar) is also {sresent. Although It is within the extent crf the map af~Parks and Natural Areas (Exhibit G of the EA}, the map neglected to Include the portion of Ct-11in9 Creek ghat has been designated Haw River Aquatic Mabitat 5ignifcant 1ya~tural Her1~Be Area. This is acka ds ~ unto SNHAwh ch are inc uded on the map. Bottom S1VHA (labeled Came Creek Reserv4ir~ and t: ~. All species Usted above are expected to be sensitive to sedimentation, runoff, and changes in hydrology that might af#ect the flew of Collins"Greek and Its tributarles~' at feast two of which originate within the ~~ '„° ,; Raleigri, North Carolina 27699.1841 '1{' ltilt?'~~I't~~Ii~. 1$D1 Mai[ Senrlce Center, Phone: 919-715-4195 ti FA?~ 919-715-3660 lntentet: www.oneNCNattrrally.orH ~~+~~ j ,; RnEquat OppmtunRy t AfORnONve Astron Emp{~~ Nalurd Reams Planning and ~camavoli~ f 0312612009 14:12 9197153060 NCDENR PAGE 03116 March 1$, Z049~ EA- Pro{Sp$9d Waste Transfer Station. ~rar~gB GQUntY Qroiecc No. oe~ans project area. NHP i$ cancemed about ii»pacts to sensittae and rare species as well as direct water quality impacts of canstru~tion. The use of Natural Heritage Program data should not be sub5tltuteCi for actual field Surveys. We recommend caref-~i surveys for these species if suitable habitat is present within the prvjett area: if rare species are efitountered during surveys, we request that inforntation about these occurrences be submitted to NC Natural Heritage Program at the address shown on our letterhead. Care should be taken to avoid impacts tob$ C s drat d pwith~ t eaUS F sh and~Wildli#e Serv~'ce, NCt Wi dli e~ permitting and mitigation should ro rlate. Resources Commission, end NC Plant Conservation Program, as app p Lastly, the EA states that a Surface Water Identification report identified several isa(ated pools (Feature F in Appendix A of the EAR that did not meet the criteria ft-r stream buffer regulations. These upland pgois pften offer significant habitat value far breeding amphibians since their sdasanal nature excludes fish populations tt-at might othervuise prey nn 3ittRhibian offspring. The FA states that approximately ZO acres aut~of the 149-acre parcel will be cleared. The NHP entourages Prange County to avoid sert5ltive habitats such as these i#the Waste transfer station ig ultimately sited on this property. Please contact me (91@-715-7gQ8, katie ~~~'+~tmna!~nc~'nail~r~~ if yuu have any additional questiaris. cc: Susan. ilUalser, Qrange Goun~Y Voices :" Laura'Streitfeld, preserve Rural Qr;si:1~, 1601 Mail SeNlc,~ Center. Raleigh, North Carolina 27899.1601 jwj~~ (.;i1XO~lX1~. Phone; °19-715-41951 FAX: 919-7i5~3~0 interne#: www.aneNCNatura~hr•anJ ~,~~~~I~~`,~ An Egaaf 4ppammtry lAftttttsatlus Aston Employer Nmuul Rnsmnt~ Flomin9 tmd ta~sdvata 03/25/2009 14:12 9197153060 NCDENR PAGE 04!16 Q. Bever~r Eaves Peedus Governor pebcuary 27, 24Q4 i~~c~~A'NDUM ~q,; Me1]~. McGee Iyepamnent of En~rironme~t an/d Natural ~tesourccs TRRU: bianne ftcid, Supervisor ~ ~asinwidc Plaiming Unit and SEP.A Pcogrdt~x'-~~ ~gy FR4I~: Hannah ~utallings, SFPA Cooxdiuabrnr 1~ ""` ~agiawidc Plauniztg Uisit sad SBPA program STJBJEGT: Qrari$e Coutriy - V4"astc Tzansfer Station D'WQ#14144; la~tf~9.4~ Dee Fresma~ Ssaretary The Division of Water Quality (UY~TQ)'has zevierwcd the subject project and does tfbt objet UO this p~Po~ and o$brs the rOCC8$: follawimg rotnrncnts to aid t1fC ~avaty tin its piarmuig p .-:~, 1.. I~WQ encourages the CAUn1.y Itt~rt the.:a~naurn ofimpci'+nous surface caseated ut ' gibe and e~actrage the use of pErvious pavement to the exttnt pass~~le. ~~ 2_ 17Wt'~ is pleased with aev~al of the pi'oabtive mb$s that the County will impleitnent for this praj~t: a. that a stormwatcr managem~t'it files will he sR p]ace during both Gcrostructiozt and opaafiion of tl~ faoility, iateluding use of scdunent and erosirns ccmttol maeswres CQ prevent fou]ing of local watetv~ays; b. Chat the County has had its pump and haul systcnS fur washdown urastnwater preapproved ttnrough out L7ivision and the Division of Waste Mana~zldent end tlt~ this wastewater wi11 be trsnsfecred to a County- owned WWTF for treatment; amid c, t1~at ZbG ~~ty has enacn-ed that appropriate buffers will t;~emaiya, ~vesite. P1eaSb etmtact me at $~7-6434 if I can be of any additional help. ~`hanlc you. ~C: D3I1TLy SI1311:1'1- ~0 4897 Mil SCfYICP, Certar, Raiaigh, I+lOtth CeroRn9 27699.1617 ~liaix 572 R. 5elisbuty Sc Rale(gh, NDrgt Carn~na 276(}4 an$ • C Phone:919~9D7-qD0'IFAX999-8ti~~Ga82tCustaner8erv~aa:1~77.623~67dg ~~t-~~Y}~'1~~0 ~ lmemetwww.nGwatergvardyfl~g I/~,I~~~(~~ ~/ An Equal 6pportunity t ~4tfrtlt4~llve hcfian Em315y4~' f~ ' i~ 03f 26f 2009 14:12 9197153060 NCDENR PACE 05f 16 ~ ~'a. ~arc~lir~a ~Vi~~.~ife ~sa~.rces ~an~.n~ss~on ~ Gordon ~.lviyezs, Executive Dirc~Coi' >~z~~vt~ ?t7: Melba McGee, Environmental Coordinator' - Ofl3ce of Legislative and Tntergovernrnental Ai~'$irs pB,QM; Shari )r. Bryant, Piedmont Region Coordinator -~~°"'~ I~ahitat Conservation 1'ragram DATE; l.3 Mauch 20t)9 SI~37EiCT: E>xvironmental AsseSSrnent for Solid Waste Transfer Station. Grange t",ounty, No+~ CamIina, T)T3NR Project Na, o9-G2~8• i ~ rertssion {NGvUItC}have reviewed the Biologt9ts with d1c Alorth;Caro6ina Wildlife Resources Co , ,. subject document and we ere familiar witty the habiiritvalues ttf the are~• clot comments are provided in arcordanee with previsions of the 1~ish and Wildlife Coordination Act (4$ Stat. QIJ1, as amended; lfi U.S.C. fi61 eC seq.), North Carolina Fatvimnmerttai Policy Aot {G.S.113A-1 through 113A•10; i NCAC 25), and North ~rglirra General Statutes {G.S.113-13I et s~~.). Change County Proposes to conswct a solid w~te transfer station o» a 149 acre site. 'r'otor disturbed area would be less than 2U aCi`CS, The proposed project includes eonstnrctiott bf act enclosed metal boilding, scale ]cause, equipment storage, roads and P~$ areas. Ranoff froth developed areas of the site would flow to a i 4 y~ stormwater pond. Wastewater generated at the site would be hurled to die local wastewater t1'88ttttent plant, and. sanitary wastes treated with. an on-site septic system. The purpose of the ptdj ect is tit provide a transfer facility from which to haul the Cgtrnty's wastes to a landfill facility outside of rite Cauttty This transfer station rs ono eleitl~Crtt of the County's Overall plan for managing waste. Th$ site drains to Colons Creek in the Cage Fear Itivor basin. There are records for the federal gpeeies of concern and state endangered bcaak floater (.41asr~J~anrAV~'lcosa} in Collins Creek. The Significant Natural )<iEritage firua-1~aVvRivet' flgrsatic Idabitat-~ located on Collins Cr'eck downstream of the proposed site. It appears a portion ofthe situ may drain to Cane Cr~eelc. There are t'ea,~rds for the state threatened creeper (Straphirus uncfulafus) and the state special concern notched rainbow [Tr~llvse constrJcta} in Cane CC~k. Itt addition, the Significant Natural Heritage ,P-.rea-Lower Cane Creek Slopes and Bottom - is located on Cane Creek downstream of the proposed site. The applicant indicates the site is forested and five features wvore identified ~ subject to the County zoning stream buffer ordinance which requites a 65 tit 84 foot undisturbed buffer along bosh sides of a watEr featttre. No perennial streams wvere idenfified in the project area. In addition, a site specific flora rend fauna survey will be conducted ott the site. zf the survey indicates the proposed pit-ject would ~ IY~ailing Addre,+ts: Division of Inlaitid Fisheries ° 1721 Mai Service Center ' Raleigh, NC 27G99-1721 Telephones (919} ?07-022a ° FeR~ (919'707.0028 03f26f2009 1d: 12 919?153060 NCDENR PAGE 06f1a Page 2 I3 March Z0~ ,gp-solid Waste'Trrnsfer Stat[an Fro,}ectt*fo. 04-0228 significantly affeot natural vetloa and wildlife at the site the applicant pions to contact the appr4priat~ ggencies for mitigation rocommandatians, . Although we will cone~er with ~ p~j we offar tke following recommendations tofarther minimize impacts to aquatle and terrestrial wildlife resources. ~ Although US~xS Soil Survey and Natiotlal pVe~Clund Invenroory maps provide general int'ormadon regarding stream and wetland resources, these are of~ not inclusive of all stseamS and wetlands that are present. It is not clear,uhetlier n site specific suruey has been rrr~iduclQd ~ determine presenr,.E of streams and wetlands within tlye project boundaries. Therci''ore, if one has not already lpeen dace, a site specific sui'~cy of wetlands and streams within tho prr»ject boundaries should be performed prior to site design and cgnstruction. If voredands andlor 6toCams ~ found, the project should be coordinated with the U•S- AMY ~rPs °f Engineets and file ~'C' plvlsian of Wai~cr Quality. Site dcsiga and eotts#Nation should avoid impacting these t~s©urces to the maximum extern practicable, ~ Maintain s tnullmutn l Od-foot undisturbed, native, foisted buffor along perennial streams, and a 50-foal buyer along intermittent streams and wetlands. Mainta'ming undisturbed, forested litiffer9 slang these areas will mmimiza impacts to aquatie slid tsrreslrlal wildlife resources, wats~ qu$lily, and aquatic habitat both within and downstream of the project area. In addition, wide riparian bn help maintain s"trcatYi bank stability and tract pollutants associated with stormwater runoff ~~~ ~ Thank you for th+e oppgrtunity to comment on this projcck Tf ~@~cait be Qf fi,Irther assistance, ;sY.>~ 441.7dx5. please contact oiir off ce at (334 03126/2009 14:12 9197153960 NCDENR PAGE 07116 (~ ~ .~....~ ...~ Tina Da artrrtent~~f nv~ nt and Nat~trai ~~sourcea Nnrth Daly R pivisian afi V~BSte {~anagernent Dee prer3rnan 8ev$tiy Eaves Perdue Dexter R. Matthews Secrete-y GovemGt' t~irec6ar MBMp~AI~tI)UM 1"Ot Melba McGec verntnental Affairs office of Legislative & T>1Lerga FROM: Dexter Matthews I~ireCtor Iy,4TE: Match 25, 2449 SUBJECT: Frojcct Numbct: 09-422$ Cowry: Or~t't~ The Waste Mai~tagemcnt division has reviewed aid commented tm the soave refercmccd prt}jcct. Plegse find eraclased cc-mmeota~ _ . - ". ,.,., Should you havo additional t]tie9Cit~t7.", Tease feel ~~ to cantaCt duT office. nRl'Nihm Enclosures 76A6 Meil 5etvics C~tke~, R$tet¢I1~ tdaN- Cstpilna 2?59.4646 ~~ ~`,~p],1/Aa. Ptwne:919•5~8~84ti0 ~ FAX: 919~715~4081 t Im~in9t; wuaw.wastenotnc.m8 ~~~ a*~~i~~ j!~ MEwrei ~Paomn+h~~t~t;msfGredatibr~ 6mpare~ 03!2612009 14:12 9197153066 NC~ENR ... ~~~ i , N rah Carolina ~e~~t~mant a# En~+ranment and ~11atu~ai F~asources PAGE 0816 o 17exter Mattt>ews, pirector Diutslon afi W~S'~ M~oagemerrt ~~ fryaeman ~~ret2ty nvem0f ~~~~,~ March 24, 2049 Ti4: Dextei R Matthews, Lyivision of Wa9te Iyg~gemeAt ~Rf}~,SGH: Jas„k butler, P. E., Chief, N. ~. gad Section FR4lti+j: S. F'canch, ~viroarttcntal C~~st~ Supertund Section. Si7B]EGT: (7ren8e ~"mt3` Solid''11Vaste Traa9fer ~tatiotj X gave e~pteted tlse review of the at~~ p,f'oa~mation on the subject pro,~cct for the pmximitj+ toy CERCfiT,S oz inactive bazardanss waste si'6c~• The subject project evolves the Guru of awarehouse-like tx~ii~nS ~ a scats horse sin ~ 149-acre e Copy. 'f'hc site is located alot~ Ham` $'~. '~ aP°n gorse! ita ~ ! wad from trucks +~ wateztig~at trailers. These inside the wsrahobts~~wtves tmlaadin$ ~. '~ie ge~ject ttail~s would be stared ®ufillc until ttansPorted tcs oat out of plus waste sites pawl would tae gervcd by a we11 ~d ge~tia system. Qnly were idenlif. iCd to ~+e within a Earn`-mile radite~ of the Prdaect` Hoth~ ~ ~ ~~ G$ bcea rec~nt]y ixansfeEt~d fig '~ NC Diviaion 4described below sect are clettrne~ on the ~aza~rdous Sites Branch (II~SB}. These sites ere adached map. •'ibe 4W ~A-Hello '~'ee~t Qtt~' site (NONCD OQQ ?-24'~ is located gbout 3.~ act It hss patral~ hy~~d'o~ ~~ter coatamination that miles asst +af the proj is T~ittg rex~nedi~d. 'thaTalbests Fatrd Must # 3 5itc ~LtiTQNCD Q44 257'7 is located about 449 feet west ofthe Project's entrance. it is pending. imresCigutxon by the 1~iC IHSB. star reviewing the file information, Ti believe it is u~~tY the project will affect the sites or vice versa. If yule have any questions, please call me at X419) 5U8- 8~t55. ' ._..~ ~~ ~ttachme~ats ~: 3im 8ateson ~ Caroj' a 1646 Mail S~ioe ~er~r, Raleigtr, laarti•+ ~preiina 27699184~6~st~notnC.~rg a~~~''i~it~ >ahone: 919-569-&bQ41FAX: 919 X15-~66111nteme ~e~ , An Eque~ C-PPawnlgrlA$IKt~tloe Mean fimplayer• ~ 96 RecYdad 114 4L Pa3k Can9ucnar Paper 03/26!2009 14:12 9197153660 NCDENR PAGE 09116 ~r ~ 1 ~~ .,,, r, S( -'~~ if~ "_ .o iF(r ~ +~ .~ ~~ '~w t ~`t - • _1 d"1 ~ ~,.,a ~ '.'" .`ti ;141 ,r-.~'r'~~ ~ ~"` ,~r ~~ `~ fit' ~` ~ ~'`, y 7 ~1 ~ ~,• ~ , 2 { r .rr- ~ .. ~ o ~. , ~~ --~ O ;4 f~-f f/4J,..,,.~'~ ;'"~~' fir. ! .a `tip 1 ~ .;.'~ ~',./ `J "~;.~.`~: f. ~±i•d. ~' /'+~~ '"` ~ v ~`.~ ;, 'i, 'rte r'' ff``~. ~ s~• ,~ ~L~~_~~ ~~~ ``~. ,y ~. t ~~ •-.;~*. . ~!~ •,1~ _~~ W ~ 'Y o. .~ wLL ~~ ~•r ~ ~~ ,; o -, ~ 4 ~ ~ _ .~ ig 1 ~~, K .4 o ,`` "' ~~ ..- ~ti. . ~;. ~~: 111 r j"1 ~ [L,p~q - ~ ~'Z`.: i `, ; `t~ ..~ r!~^`t . ~ ~ ~ h..:. 03/26/2009 14:12 9197153060 NCDENR PAGE 10!16 M2~rd~ 18, 2t~ti9 ~l~04~~ T4: , ~hr~5 MaITiott, Ernrtronmental Senior ,pecaaii~ t=R~y: Uatiald Herndon, ilornpt'~ance OFfific+;r SU~EG"f= Orange Count~-Transfer Station - prar-ge [:aunty Pik review fihe attached informeClon for the O Piea~ Meet ~nae iao oom$mertt on any issues ime~neci o nclt mentioned send ar faac fftis Fagg ~ me by Ma ~ ns or new more relating ~ ~ofiid ~ ~ ~~~ ~ ~i ~~e(~~9 sas-i35a2 Th~x yon. If yo have rn~a ictf'Qlmalion, call rn 1. [~ you know efi any existing rrandidnns tct ttte oommvnity, which would a an adverse impec~t pn this _ _. ... .... ... ... _ wljtfRPt ; 3. i:'lease iist the nearest waste manage~netit faciiiLy (G+r t'aalitries) peni~itted bo acr~pt waste fmm this ~t'eyect. e u 1646 Mail Service Center, Raieigh, ~#or~ Carolina X7699-16~ Pt7anep 91~u~- ~ -$m Ot11~~~ aaage+~i~e $ p~mea On eua~~um~~~4w~+dtaa~-nc.6rg ~ nr- +vau know of arn- adverse impacts this project would have on #te commuii!Cy~ 0312612009 1d: 12 9192159060 NCDENR PAGE 11116 ~,.~... ~ ~ and Natural Resource North Carolina l~epairtirtent of Envlron plvismn of Waste Menagetltent peg Freeman 8evetiy E01t65 Perdue iaexter R i~tm~ $~cretary Govem~' Airectot }arch 16, 2409 x. T0: Dexter Matth+ewe, TiireotoY . DlWisian of Waste Man~,~t-t fta~n: Ted ~}riae, S~tPerulsor , Eastern Rtgion Complianr~ >d ~: RCRA Gomrnents on the proposed Q~ge Cowry T~~' StBtian t>raject # A9.1IZ28 The }~yardaua Waste Srxtion has nwiewtd the sub3eet project. Orange Cotutty plena #o cott~uct a solid waStz trattsfar St~ion. Tha transfer station will sonstst of ~- ea-eionoct metal building {l t'r0 fCet try 160 feet'j and scssla hotase (20 few by Zd feet), which will sit 4n a 1 d9 oral: parcel of feted in western drangc CvottLy, The tratrsfhr station shnU Only accept solid wr>ste that is $~ by householda~ in6ttt?~ons, eornmercial. ®rd came iadttsr~l estaltlishmt~s from within tarmt8e Calmly. 'Eeploarve4, padtologicel attd hiaidgieal washes, and ether Ita~2td4~ vvastcs are aot ~r,:eptabite vda~zes.lor j~~ at .the facility.. T1rc stte will also }lave a sP~18i waste hattd}i>yg area a+ith dampater9 for tit+ts, '., batteries, white gatxis, ~• ~ : y`'t . t3rartpe Coamty wil! Wend try scGwe a Solid Yftasta Mru~emGRt paciticy permit from tl~e i?ivisitm'a 5ptid Waste Scctiaa. Solid waste appears in be the mast liteety waste to ba generated in tsanatrueting this proJoct. The ~n~ ~ reminded that if motion, rebuildhr$, +~' demaUdon of stntcturC6 daetlts, the tx~tti chat is generated Wilt meat tgcely be a solid wash, and tl+e Courtly must deterR-ine if tht wash is a hazardous waste. . The Calmly is retfair-ded that if the Cottttty g~~~'2z4 paunch of hazardous wash m a ~t~' m~'~ ~° ¢°~ waste r.; S~tian (kTWS) must be notified, and the Cum mw;t comply with the y~,ati gttantrty generator rettntretrtettta. I f the County generates "f .~ 22t1~ pounds crf hazaY~lons waste in a calendar momh. the INNS moat be notified{ and the Couttry must comply with dte lame 4{ttantity $eneratot t$qu6remenrs. The Bazanlous Waste Section hsa na abjection w tht 4saft plea Should erry questiarts tu~ise, ptea~se contact me at 419.506-857. 164$ Mai! Service &errtt:r, R6leigtl, I~~ Caro~'ma 2769.7646 drill (,'clri?11P1'd Phone: 919b96.8dOD ti FAX: 419716-ttiB411ntemet; vnMU~.vrastenotnc.org ~~i~l~t~~ An Ei1unJ Oppnuudt(51~emstfw 11tlan E,nplerar 03!26/2009 1a: 12 ~ 9197153060 NCDENR PAGE 12!16 State of Nolrth Carolina Ciepartment i1f1j Eo~varnttrot~It tad lYatoral Resources ttevietving oin~,~gg~Is~Fh Reaior~a (.1ffi~ IAi1'ERGO'VE4tNMEA1TAL liEYI~W - PEL4,Ti~CT COt1+lMEtWT9 Pro1ea Nwnbc'i~ ~Duc date: -- -- '~ After ravtew of thisproicet li has boot detetttitPCd the! the ENR pcrmit(6I bnruor approvals indicotsd tnaY, ncod ~' ~ obiairted M ardor for this 1~~ to comply with Nori1r ~. Cnrollnr 4aW c~sttans nglarding those permits should be tnidresseti to the ReBinnai OFfice indis~ m+ ~''a''~ ofine farm. All appiigdotts, inrbrmadmt and gntdatirrts _...w.~ ........._ ,a.,,e ~.,a .,~.,snlre are available ikm iha came Itegiafl8l lNCtee. . Normal Process Time $PECtAL AFPLICATTdN PRt7CEOUEtES m itEQUlA.1:htEidTS (statutory time limn) ~~~ (~ Petmft to eatsttuM e4 operate westewgkY iroetmam tacitltiea, sewer sy~n eztenslotw ~'c't+'m' ~~ Application 90 d~ before ltdgiit CDnSkuytion m award afeonouuction cotnracts, tLr-sdo Irtaptxiian. t'oat-oppiicatiGil tectniical COnfCfon~ u~l• 30 days [~ ~Ys} (+t net tllsefiatgiag huo ntlste sutt4ne waters, Application 180 days bafots txgMactivity. 4n-ati4 inas>~6~ Preapplicalien NPDF:3 • permit to diaramrl~c Mta aurfnce water andtm• ~nftsea~ usual. Additfarally, obmin permit to nottshua tvasss-Ynter ~•t~ ~ ~ permit to aperot0 gat! eansutre! tva~eovruer meititi~ pt~rxs7t ibcility-gmsted oflet' NPDfiS. Reply time. 34 days after rcacipt oP (NtA} diseitargUtfi tma stns cutface warms. pjp~ m lease ofNPDfiS~ imm+g-whici+ever is tmer. (~ VltsterUaePaemit Ptaappltcadon technimt coafcrence usually nacoaaary ~ ~ (WA} Wall Conspveumr Permit ~POtttplete appilcatian muss ba temival and permit i3dUCd peioe t8 the Maudladan ofa wait. 7 days (I5 days) Applimtian espy must be salved an each edjacam eiparien pmprtty arnica. ~] Dred>peand Ftli Pemric 4n•alte ittspactrot', pra.apptication canfeditbt vcual.Filling rnayrequite fin.9omctu oe Fill frnnr tl,+r.l7apattmetd of hdmtniekailonand Podsrai 5S daYs {5i1 days) f~tedge and Fi11 Fermis. Pormit m cmtsosml & aperrde hit Poltutwtt Abrtt AppNanlatl tn41iK Ue su¢mnted and pcrrnit reocivrad prior m °DOa~°n ~ opctdtiQn of rite sautes. If a pelnlit is requUed in An 9o days CJ fact! hies and/or F,mir:ion Soarses as pa' t9 A NCAC tires withcwl local zoning, !hart there arc additissial requirauertb and (2Qd71DD duo x.0300} cimctincs (2Q.t}t t3). Permitter oauranua operate Ttat~ar~Lion Faerltty a9 ,4pptiaalon must be subtnitmi at least 40 days prim to ooaavrrcdarr m ~ 4Q days ~ per 15 A NCAC (2ltt}80o, 2Q.O1i01) modiSicetion of the svelte. Any opcrt humiarg asaociatcd veldt subject propasa) trmsst be in cotnplianx with t5 A NCAC xl).t40D ~ ~":-`~'' _ t7omo11ticn or tzaovsrians otatttrctruca soniaitdng asbestos trnuecinl mustbe In epmplianea with t5 A (~ ~y, (;~ NGAL` 3tF.11 l o (aa (t t vrfiich rcgaitt8 twdFisadmr mug Nth ~ dam) rnmavat prior to dontolitiao, Camsct Asbestos Conttai roup 414.707.5950. C:} 2t?.oBUO Solana Pmrnttrequirod ender IS A NCnC 71rc Sedimrnmtioa Pollution Control Act of 1973 mtr3t bs property eddt>raacd for any land diatur6ing acciv'rty. An crosiart ~ riadimcntatitm sonsroi plan will be requited !!alts ormore setae to bo dismrhat Plan Ala) with proper Regional 4A':cc (Lund txiialfry 20 dgya sectmn} At it~r#t ~o ?stye bttrforo b€6innine, ketivity. A fee of;BGS fw the first acre or any part ofnn nerve, M expl+esa neviaw sprier! la Sao d~q ar61nb1c wrlh additional ILLS, ~ Sedimentralon and erosion Cartrtoi must Ht addtrssed in accordance with NC1~dT's Nrproved ptoProttt. Parttatlar attemfon should ba given to (30 days) ' draign and Matellatlon ofsppropdnte txKimetcr aedimont trapping devirea ere wen ss stable smnttuanu' crxrvearsactta and mniats. tDmsltc Mspatian usual. 5ttrety hood filed with F.NR Bond amotmt varies i ;"1 Mining Pettttit wirtt Carpe mina ofd n[artbEr of acres of afie~ii land. Any are ntlned grca[ar then one acre anrst ba penalaed, The appropriate bond mast be received 30 date (tl0 days} heiitre the permit can ttc issued. '_~ North Carolina Burning permit qn-site It-speatlan ~ N.C. t]tvision Fomst Itaveurees if permit exeear~ A ,days I dqy {NrA} .. I • ~pccisl Gramd Clearance Htaning Permit - 22 On-site ittaprstloo by N,C. Division Forest ResotieCea tequieed `if snore dtatt eve ecrp9 ofgrousdcieatMg activitka era inwlved. Inapxtiona shanld be i d (NIA counties in coasts! N,C. wlih aeganle sails n~queared m least tart days i;efare actual twm is plarmed ° =l ii RefmMgFadtities NIA N~A~dey9 ( If permit nquirtxl, applicsgrn do degg $€i11te begin e4>t9tdlte4len. Applicant rolls! !lire N.C. gnalifitd th~iitlePtac p~rare pia, i~pcctomattuctign, . certify wastruetion ie aeeQletjpg tq ~R approved pions. May also reguao t~ ~-~. fCty Psratit petrol! Mr-der masgNiio wnttvl pcvgram. And a X104 Prnnh From Cotpa err Engineers. An inspection of aim is netasassry to verif}t Haeard Ctcsaiflcotlon. !i 34 days (rib loyal minimum tLe fli'S3ilb.b0 moat ttCCOmpatty the ~_(prahcatlon. An additional IHfArI[<iM0 rM tLt4et MI O M.,•M.MOJ. fy tr.w fefirl ivnleYT Mar .a/ttt tfw IM1n{t..Ir 09/2612009 14:12 9197153060 NC?SENR PAGE 13f 16 Normal Ptov#s Time {ninta@D7Y bmc limp) gP~C1A-4 At'PLicATibN PAti~taU[tE5 or REZ}U~NTS pRRMtTS bond oPSS ~ with ENR running m Stave aCNC canditjat~ ttuat (aendanr+nznt be pi E~ file r+ttety 1°~ As drill oratory otii ar i3~ wzi) ~ permitm ~ a any woo opet~cd'~Y drill 4i~~' ~. ip°" encdDding to la'NR roles aHd rogulatiors. aaays iortoi~eoED~lt ENR of last 1 ftt !0 days rUA t, icai FacPlaiOt-ea Patrnft ~Ce ~ ~ Apptisn#~ tiled w ~ tomt. Ayplicacion tiny tetoar. Na amtsiard apptia~ M~ inc desetiPtiotia aiuewrt stu is dtarged. t5.~0 days NIA Cl P o F ri ertan Apiftt~dasi fcd bas on fa~ct+t~ ~ prnaf oi'owoorshtQ P ] 5ratc teicc9 ~lutsauetian pcmtlt ~ ~ ~rawiags o roc 60dari 130 s , N~'~ 55 da9s C-~l 401 water Quattt9 Cettifi~~ ~ it aemmparry epptlcn6on f {150 days) [~ C:AMA YEraiit Eat MAlQR devciopreeM ee t S2SO.OD {2S d4Y41 S5D.D0 t!s mist DC.COntli~ aPPi{e0tioa l1 tu,1bSA Permit tm~ MINt~R acvetopiNent nea~ta to ba mmrttJ ar d®> Pir~ae notify: Uw>Ytaew o ~„~ aendetic monumctss are tonetrd im runaar , praJaa are 2768? Rdetllt NC 27Erit N.G Geoacuc Sutvcy, 8~ ~_ !.'J wlih'!Wc 15A. Sahdb4p~' 20.0100. . ('.] kbendonmcnt oi`any vretta, ~ iw~ moat be in ar~ordsr>m ~ ~~ d MaraQa tanks t{,tsTs) a~ atromntat awing arty ~~ of tka pre ar niBtatal ofticc i1 tiga~ if orphan' w-d+ ~ NatlAcation P ~~ ~tiienccw{ditSANCAC2H1000{~WStDrtt+~r~t~)s~airsd~ ' ~ Tar Pomltso or N~8 Rlparien 6u1Eat 14nleo ~la~ orstain to dre comment ~16~y) -....n.,,neafi, (ettadl addhtoMi pages ad a~amY• estlotias re~arciint~ th®se pet~mits should be >tddressed to the Regi.+~nal ~lffice marked below. ~ ' na1 CDffi~ As6eviife gegii~vasxl Oft6ee 2090 Us Highway ?o Swsnnanaa;I~3C 2$77$ x$28} 29b•450i1 ^ Fayetteville Re$tanal®lte 714 22S'Narth Green Street, ~ayeite+ritle, NC 28301-5043 {910} 433-3304 Ct MooireBV~tlfe Regional pf~ice 61 D East Center ~,,veaue, Suite 34 t lvitaoresvillc, t`tC 28115 {704} 663-1699 e1g~ Xtegional ~ $a0 ~iarrett Drtve; Suite 141 Raleigh, NC 2?b49 (919}791.4244 mash`®gton ite~3anal ~Qil~ee qq3 W2lshinQtan Squane Mats 1Nassbingt~+n, NC 27889 1252)946-646t ^'6'~ilmitagton >F,tegxa 12? Cardinal give Ext$nei6ri w11111tIt~tDtt, ~~+ ~r$Q05 (914} 73b-7215 ^ Winst~a-Se1em l~a~~ t'~~!'dce Sgg y~sughtawn Street Winstatn-Sateen, t3C 2714'7 {336 771-51504 03!2612009 14:12 9197153060 NCbENR PAGE 14126 ange co. transfer 5tak~on Snbje+et: orange oc. traus~' station ~ (` Ferana: Danny Smith •dann~r.~nnith~~nemail.net~' Date:. ~~, 25 Mar 20bg 17:9:34 -004 ~~Ia~neh.StalliinB~~''ai].a~ 7~a:lVtelba McGee ~Me1ba.I+rlcGee a(~n~cmai],net~, Ha~~ Staltin,gs +CC: Iauren,~i~'~P°Qn(u~ncmeilnet Melba, Lauren wit~,y~r$poon of RRO conducted a e~.te visit o~raet h A rroposed roadaoYOssinB large wetland complex witk~in the footprint of tY~e ~' of this =~alG nera1l~01sWa~®r Qaality ~ertigi~cationu{dependsnif$theeY]9ACg laimdit permit as ,Turieda~tional or as isaiatedy. Proffer str~rmwater management tturing construct on and past eOn,structicm at4~wat.er tNCG13bb~~) With respect to EA. fey yndicatad in the text of the EA that t7aepWet.l ~c is noL InvOntaxy tap does not indiaatie th9 gresessee of wetlands an the ma . a delineation and is not a mesningEui accurate tvayF to pravid® data co i?EN&. k'urther, the Sai]. Survey indiaate8 a hydric soil iChewaala~ . Ha~trar, the EA explained chat thin gplYgar~ did not contain wetlands...This maY be a precise statement but it ie not en accurate depiction of 'the site. one should not rnnke determinations an the presence or essence og wetlands ~ased'ori i~PI ittap®. let me know it you need any aaditie+nal information thanks dant~y ~-mpil coxx~eapox~6ence to and frc~~t this afldrese may be subject t:a the North Carolix~. ,~~~~, . public Records Law axtd may be disclosed to third parties r ~;~ C ~. ~~. 3f2612©04 7:5$ ~lN( ~ ~f ~ 03/26!2009 1d: 12 9197153060 NCbFJJR PAGE 15!16 'C1~EPA-RTIUI~N1' CAF EN~'{RONMENT Ahla Rrole um ~ r NATURAL }~~~t~UR~E~ .09-o~2a . . , .. pi'1/1~1~3~1 +C~~ ~i~lulRaN~lEt~1'Af.•HEAL"fH :~ Ctru~,r ~~ange Inter-+P~enay Project Revie~l Response Project Marne ~i~°"'e County BQard ~vf. Type of Prt~ject Conatruction_~oli~ V~'Vaste ~rttnafer Ste#ion_~fa et in ' .~' missio C , . Rin~1s7~1 'I<'Dwf1911~1t loer[tla!l, • oa C 54' in Town bf • srr. Gcrnments p>•OVi~eQ by: ~ • '• .[~ Regional Pnogcarn Perron • . ' ® Regional SUpe+rrvi~r ¢r~r Pubt9a Water Supply Sactit5n, Q, t?,entraLCfffice program person ' ~ . :. Name 14ltcliaei Don~las-Rsleif~h YiU 'Date: 03I051~Q09 ~ . . ~- Telephone number; ~-~"~1'~ prvgn3m within C?ivlsior4 of Envimnmental Neaith: . [~ Publia Water Supply . ~' (^" Other. Nsme of F'ragram: .. .Response (check all applic~bfe~: ^ Na Qbjacrtion to project as propt~ed Q Na comme~ • Q tnsutfl~ient infr~rmation to cornpl®t® review ~ Comments attabhed sea c~-mntents belavl- ~ ~~ ~• ~~ ~.~~ ~~ _~ ~ ' . • t~ublicy~Fater Supply Saran ' , ', 6rwlronment~ RetriBW CborclinaMr t`or tip ' • . ' divl'sian of ~nvirotfnental Health ~' ... • "' ; :~:. ..: 03126/2009 14:12 9197153660 NCDENR .DEP~R~'Etd1° t}F ~~iVtR~t~~~t~T ~4i;±la 1V~T9JF~A-L R~S+CIUR~E~ ' DiV1~1+~P~ ~-F ~,~ti/fRC3M11N6~1~'~AL ~EAL~'~1 PAGE 16116 Prcj~ct Number os~4}22a County • Bran e • • ., tnier-Agency Project Revlew RQsponae • • Project Name• Oram ~-ounte~Baartl•oE •. Tjlpe of Prb}eCt '•' Coast[~uet~on SotiB ~Cotrt 1 lion Waste'fcau~fer' Station d8 tPse+ i Bing1-a~ Town~t~ location on NC S~ ~'~ ' p~~'arrbora. ^ The eppl'~nt should be. ad~ed b the Division +Df Enavifironme-ttai H~lth p or two the improvements muet be •app Y ~ ~ S CpntreGt ~sr the initiation of construction (e6 ~quiied tsy 15A NCAC 18G .03tldet $eq.}: For information, contact the Public Water Supply erection, (S19} • • 733-2321: • ~j This proje~ viii be ci~tfied as a nan-c:ommuct'iriy public wafer e-~ppiY and must comt~ly with stale end federal drinking weber rnonitcritl9 on,e9lg 733 232'1 „formation the appl'ic;3nt shauid contact the Public Watsr;3upP Y ( } osed, wa wits recommend elo~ure of feet of ^ If this project is constructed as prep • adjacent vvet®ra to the harvest of shelttish. Flu infOrlrrt8ti0n eegard'mg the sheiifi~h ' sanltatidn program, thg'aPPlicant should car-~ot the Sttellf`ish 5anttation Section at (252) -...: ® The sAif dispersal ®rea(s} proposed for this project may produce a m4squitci ~tireeding pmblent. For tnformdp°n concerning +spprof-Nato mosq~atm cantrai measures, the applicant sha~+id• contact the Rubiic Health Pest Manageme~ Sep°n at {919) 733-6~~Q?• ^ Th@ applicant should lee edvi5ed titet prime to the removal err deme-flion Qf dilapEda~ ~ ' structures,. an extensive rodent cx~ntrol program may fee nec~ssaN in •arder to prevent the migrettt~tl ttf the rodents to adjacent areas. For information r,Qnceming rodent control, corttact the local health department or the Public f•teatth Pest Management SectiGn et (918) 7$3•~t~7'. • ^ The•epplicant ShC-uld tae etivlsed to contact the lace! health department regarding their requtroments for septic tank instaltatior-s (85 required under 1SA NG~4C 18+4. 19t)0 et. sap.). nor information concerning septic tank and Omer on-site waste disptreel•meths3ds, contact the Un~Sife wastewater S~cti+m at (519} 733-2895. . ~ ^ ' 'fhe appliceilt should bye •acivised to contact the lot~l health department• regarding •the sertitary f~clltlkles required for. this project . ^ If existing water lines will be relocated durmg the construction„plans for the weber line • retoce6on mti5t be submftt'ed to the Division of EnvirorSrYt~ertai Health, Public Water Supply Section, Technical Services Branch, 1834 Mail Service Center, f#alelgh, Plorth . Caroline 276991634, X919} 733-2321- ® For Regional attd Central Qffice comments, see the reverse side• of this form. • • • Jim McRight - PUVSS 031t35i2~D09 Reviewer , SeciionBranch • ~ ~~ C .,a.SfAT£r. . ~° ~`~°~ ~ ~ ~~ North ~aralXna Department of Cultural Resources State Historic Preservation ©ffice Peter B. Sandbeck, Administrator Beverly fiaves Penitte, Governor office of Archives and 1-listory Linda A. Carlisle, Secmtary Division of Historical Resources Jef&ep J. Cmw, Deputy Secretary Dnvid Brook, Director Maxch 30, 2009 Robert Davis Orange County Planning & Inspections Department PO Box $1$1 Hillsborough, NC 2727$ Re: Purchase and Construction of a Solid Waste Transfer Station in Bingham Township, Oxange County, CH 09-0330 Dear Mr. Davis: We have received notification from the State Clearinghouse concerning the above project. The document states that the proposed project area will undergo_~.n..histori~cal value.survey..,prior.to,acquisition ~~~,"~ ` to determine if any archaeological or historical properties, including stttiictuies, an the viciriity,will under~e~~arip significa~.t effects due to the transfer station. We concur with this recommendation, as our map research indicates that the.project area has a, high probability for the presence of historic period archaeological resources. An 1891 map indicates there may have been gold mining activities in the vicinity as well. We recommend that a compxehensive survey be conducted by an experienced archaeologist to identify and evaluate the significance of archaeological remains that maybe damaged ar destroyed by the proposed project. Potent:tal effects on unknown resources must be assessed prior to the initiation of construction activities. Two copies of the resulting archaeological survey report, as well as one copy of the appropriate site forms, should be forwarded to us for review and comment as soon as they are submitted by the consulting archaeologist and well in advance of any construction activities. A list of archaeological consultants who have conducted or expressed an interest in contract work in North Caxolina is available at www arch der state.ne.us f consults.htm. The archaeologists listed, or any'other experienced archaeologist, maybe contacted to conduct the recommended survey. _ - The above comments axe made pursuant to Section '106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and "une ' Advisory Council on. Historic Preservation's Regulations:far Compliance with Section 106 codified at 36 CPR Pai:t 500. ... _ . ~ :.. • . ~ ~. • ... ..... ' . t iocadoa:109 EastJones Street, Raleigh NC 27G01 Mailing Address: dG17 Mail Service Center, Raleigh NC 27G99.4G17 Telephone/Fax: {~119J 807-G570/fl07-G599 2han1~ you for your cooperation and consideration. I£ you have questions eancerning the above comment, please contact Renee Gledhill-Earley, environmental review coordinator, at 919/807-6579. In all futuxe r cornrnunication concerning this project, please cite the above xe£erenced traclting number. Sincerely, ®~~X eter Sandbeck cc: Clearinghouse ~.. ORANGE COUNTY ENVIRONMENT AND RESOURCE CONSERVATION DEPARTMENT MEMORANDUM TO: Robert Davis, Current Planning Supervisor From: Rich Shaw, Land Conservation Manager Date: March 31, 2009 Re: Environmental Assessment for Proposed Solid Waste Transfer Station Thank you for the opportunity to review and comment on the Environmental Assessment of a site being considered for the proposed Orange County Solid Waste Transfer Station. The Environmental Assessment (February 2009) was conducted for Site 056, which is comprised of two adjacent parcels (151 acres total) located on the north side of NC 54, approximately 1,500 feet west of the intersection of NC 54 and Orange Grove Road. The Environmental Assessment (EA) provides an excellent overview of the property and its known environmental and historic/archaeological resources. The EA points out, however, that three additional surveys of the properly have yet to be conducted: a) wetlands delineation, b) flora and fauna survey, and c) Historic Value survey. a) Wetlands -the EA states the proposed development will not disturb streams that were identified by the Orange County Erosion Control Division (Page 14). But the ,.,.~ Erosion Control Division also noted in its findings that.+~hare are severa!• isolated pools .- ,, -.. -.°~Y` located in the southeastern part of the property that drair~~to-an-identifed-stream: ~ The •~ County staff advised that those pools could be wetlands and should be evaluated by the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACOE). Some of those pools are clearly visible on aerial photos of the property contained in the EA report. The EA states "Fol%w up with the USACOE regarding the iso/ated poo/s %ated in the parcel wi/l be comp/eted prior to construction, However, construction is not p/armed to impact the area referenced by the County Staffas requiring USACOEinput." It appears that the access road to the transfer station identified on Exhibit A would cross through the area with possible wetlands. It's likely that the facilities could be designed to avoid the wetlands, but ERCD feels the wetland survey is needed before one should conclude that the development would not affect the wetlands. b) Plora and Fauna -the EA identifies a number of significant plants and animals known to exist in the White Cross area based on inventories maintained by the NC Natural Heritage Program. No such species of plants or animals are known to exist on the subject property. The EA states on Page 9 "A site specific flora and fauna survey will be conducted on the site prior to acquisition...", and on Page 10 "The flora and fauna survey wi/l a//ow the County to determine whether impacts from the construction and operation of a solia' waste transfer station at this site wil/significantly affect the wildlife and natural vegetation of the - site." ERCD concurs with that fi_ndnq, and recommends that the planned survev include streams that could be affected by the proposed development, including tributaries of Collins Creek-a downstream portion of which is a designated Natural Heritage Area known to support federally and state listed species (Haw River Aquatic Habitat),. ~ Environment and Resource Conservation PO Box 8981 /306-A Revere Road Hillsborough, NC 27278 (919) 245-2590 c) Cultural and Archaeological Resources -the EA identifies a few historic sites located in the vicinity of the subject property, however no historic or archaeological resources are known to exist within the proposed project site. The EA states on Page 6: "The site wil/ undergo a Historic ~a/ue Survey prior to acquisition to determine if any archaeo%gica/ or historical properties in the vicinity will undergo any significant effects due to the transfer station" and on Page 12: "If the Historic l/alue Survey identifies any resources at Site 056, the North Carolina Department of Cultura/Resources, Division of Archives and History, will be contacted prior to construction for recommendations " Prior to any construction, a more detailed Cultural and Archaeological C & A) survey of the property should be conducted consistent with Orange County's Cultural and Archaeologicalical Survey Ordinance. C & A surveys (or Phase I Cultural Resources Surveys) are conducted under the guidance of the NC Office of State Archaeology. That ofFce receives the survey findings and provides guidance on how to proceed. For any questions, please contact Tina Moon, ERCD Cultural Resources Specialist at cmoon@co.orange.nc.us In conclusion, ERC® feels that these additional planned surveys are necessary to avoid any significant adverse impacts to naturaB and cultural resources. Let me know if you have any questions or would like to discuss these findings. cc: David Stancil Tina Moon Environment and Resource Conservation PO Box 8181 /306-A Revere Road ~. Hillsborough, NC 27278 (919) 245-2590 ow~~o ~~' "~~°' .~~~,. Beverly laves Perdue, Governor Lmda A. Carlisle, Secretary Jeffrey J. e,~w, Deputy secretary March 30, 2009 Robert Davis Orange County Planning & Inspections Department PO Box 8181 Hillsborough, NC 27278 office of Archives and History Division of Historicnl Resources David 8roo1;, Director Re: Purchase and Construction of a Solid Waste Transfer Station in Bingham Township, Orange County, CH 09-0330 Dear Mr. Davis: We have received notification from the State Clearinghouse concerning the above project. ,' i The document~states•that the~proposed-project area wiU undergo an historical value survey,p~ior to,acquisition to determine if any archaeological or historical properties, including structures, iu the vicinity will tandergo any significa~.t effects due to the transfer station. We concur with this recommendation, as our map research indicates that the.praject area has a, high probability fox the presence of historic period archaeological resources. An 1891 map indicates there may have been gold mining activities in the vicinity as well. We recommend that a comprehensive survey be conducted by an experienced archaeologist to identify and evaluate the significance of archaeological remains that may be damaged or destroyed by the proposed project. Potential effects an unknown resources must be assessed prior to the initiation of construction activities. Two copies of the resulting archaeological survey report, as well as one copy of the appropriate site forms, should be forwarded to us fox review and comment as soap as they are submitted by the consulting archaeologist and well in advance of any construction activities. A list of archaeological consultants who have conducted ox expressed an interest isi contract work in North Carolina is available at wwty arch dcr state.nc.us/cansults.htm. The archaeologists listed, or any•other experienced archaeologist, may be contacted to conduct the recommended survey. The above comments axe made pursuant to Seetion'10G of the National Historic Preservation Act and the Advisory Council oi~ Historic Preservation's Regulations •for Compliance with Section 106 codified at 36 CFR Part 800. .. ~~ ~ ~ - ~. ~ ~ ;~ • . _ ~, • ... .... . . ~.,•. North Carolina IJepartment of Cultural Resources State Historic Preservation Office Peter B. Sandbeck, Administraror Location: 709 EastJones Soccer, Raleigh NC 27601 Mas7ing Address: 4677 Maii Service Cente ,Raleigh NC 27699.4417 Telephone/Fax: (919) 807-4570/807-6599 Thank you for your cooperation and consideration. If you have questions concerning the above comment, please contact Renee Gledhill.-Earley, environmental review coordinator, at 919/807-6579. In all futuxe ~' commuy~ication concerning this project, please cite the above referenced tracking number. Sincerely, ~~ eter Sandbeck cc, Clearinghouse C James L. Conner II Attorney & Mediator March 16, 2009 State Clearinghouse N.C. Department of Administration 1301 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1301 Re: SEPA Environmental Assessment ORANGE COUNTY WASTE TRANSFER STATION Received Date: 02/20/2009 SCH #:09E00000228 Dear Clearinghouse: I offer the following comments on this Environmental Assessment on behalf of my clients, a group of residents who live, operate businesses, and work farms in Orange County near the.,prgposed_groject.~.. ,...:~ . .. ~ .,.. - The Environmental Assessment submitted for the Orange County Waste Transfer Station is inadequate under the standards established by law and regulation, for all the reasons set out in this letter and its attachments. In order to meet the requirements of law, the EA should be rewritten and resubmitted for comment. In addition, the EA itself when read with these comments establishes that the proposed project would cause significant environmental impact and that an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) should be prepared. A thorough list of errors, omissions, and misrepresentations is attached to this letter as Appendix A. In the interest of brevity and readability, this letter will address only the most important problems with the EA. WETLANDS. The EA represents that the nearest wetlands to the site are nearly a half mile from the proposed facility. EA § 3.4. The EA also represents that "there are no wetlands within areas to be disturbed by the project construction or operation of the transfer station:' EA § 4.4. With 51 words, the EA dismisses wetlands as being of no concern. Id. 311 E. MAIN STREET DURHAM NORTH CAROLINA 27701 1001 CANAL DRIVE CAROLINA BEACH, NORTH CAROLINA 28428 PHONE: 919-749-9943 ~ FAX: 919-688-2426 State Clearinghouse March 16, 2009 Page 2 \ This is flatly wrong. A large (about four acres), important vernal pool system-a type of protected wetland-is located under and immediately adjacent to the actual proposed building footprint and cerkainly well within the area to be graded for access to the building by heavy trucks. See Exhibit A, attached; compare EA Exhibit A, "Site 056 Plan Layout:' This vernal pool system is directly connected to navigable waters of the United States, and so are wetlands protected by Section 404 of the Clean Water Act and Corps of Engineers regulations. See Exhibit B, letter of certified wetlands delineator. In addition, "the hydric soils and hydrophilic vegetation at the site, typical of the upland wetlands of the Piedmont, appear to extend far beyond the water surface because of the flat topography. An abundance of aquatic life was observed at the site including frogs, frog eggs, and salamander eggs as well as other wild life such as turkeys (the remains of a kill), bobcat scat, turtles; and deer and raccoon foot prints." Exhibit A, Letter of M. Hughes, P.E. In fact, nearly the entire site is composed of the lignum soil series, which is partially hydric and characterized by water within 12 to 30 inches of the ground surface. This misrepresentation regarding wetlands is very important. This misrepresentation would be important in any EA because of the environmental, ~~ ~ - legal, and project feasibility impacts of wetlands being present on the site. It is _~ ~ , even more important to this project because the presence of wetlands on a site was an exclusionary criterion in the site selection process. See Exhibit C, Exclusionary Criteria Chart. That is, the presence of these wetlands on this site should have excluded this site from any consideration for the location of this project, under the county's own standards. ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS Failure of the EA to discuss alternatives The Environmental Assessment Guidelines promulgated by the Clearinghouse require that the alternatives analysis in an EA "discuss all reasonable alternatives to the proposed project, including the alternative of no action:' This EA discusses only one alternative. It fails to discuss even a reasonable range of alternatives, much less all alternatives.. There is no discussion of the `no action' alternative. The only alternative discussed is waste to energy. State Clearinghouse March 16, 2009 Page 3 The most important omission is discussion of the private vendor option. Members of the public have presented evidence to the County that private vendors stand ready to handle the county's garbage production at a lower cost to the County than the cost of building and operating this facility. See Exhibit D for a chart showing this. No waste transfer station in Orange County would be required (the vendors operate existing transfer stations in neighboring counties). This option would not require siting any facility, and is therefore essentially the `no action' alternative that the applicant is required to discuss in the environmental document. In addition, it has been demonstrated to be a practicable alternative, and its omission is therefore absolutely unjustified. It is worth noting that the consultant that prepared the EA is the same consultant that will be involved in design of the waste transfer station. This is a consultant with a vested interest in discounting other alternatives. This alternative was clearly known to the County and its consultant prior to preparation of the EA. This failure to discuss or even acknowledge this alternative makes the EA inadequate. Misrepresentation of the sitincLprocess - The EA describes a site selection process that sounds thorough and thoughtFul. The EA describes `collaboration' between the County Commissioners and the public, and describes a process with three sets of criteria that narrowed 242 sites down to this one and one other. Significantly, the EA was prepared by the same consultant that conducted the site selection process. The proof of this process, however, is in the pudding. This vaunted process has resulted in the same poor decision that is typically reached in local government processes without such elaborate trappings: a location was chosen that was as far from the concentration of voters as possible and that makes sense in no other way. This can be seen from the comments herein. It can also be seen from comments by the Orange County Solid Waste Director to the press recently: "As far as Bingham sites, I think I'll keep my opinion to myself on how wise it is for those to be the final sites," said Orange County Solid Waste Management Director Gayle Wilson. "However the Board of Commissioners' criteria -that they developed is what led us to those sites. It wasn't a staff recommendation. It was their own set of priorities that resulted in those properties being identified. Are they open to reconsideration? Idon't know. Maybe. I even hope so. But that's where we are now, and we'll see where it plays out." Independent Weekly, March 11, 2009. State Clearinghouse March 16, 2009 Page 4 \ This news article contains a good general description of this .flawed .and failed site selection process. A copy is attached as Exhibit E. The newspaper concluded "that process has failed again. This time, commissioners determined the technical and community criteria,. and their weighting, then directed Olver to follow them when judging .potential sites. Yet the consultant's puzzling results pointed to larger flaws in the evaluation process:' Id. Contrary to the EA's assertions of community collaboration,. the site selection process has been fraught with community outrage. The leaders of the three towns in Orange County (Chapel Hill, Carrboro, and Hillsborough) have not participated in the decision-making. The sites were scored by consultants unfamiliar with the area and raised many questions from the community. The evaluation process was changed midstream. Written community input forms were abruptly discontinued. Contrary to the representations of the consultant, most residents near the proposed site were entirely unaware of the county's plan until the decision had been made. The proposed site has, as the EA asserts, a willing seller-one who appears to be using the process for financial gain and to secure commercial zoning for his adjacent property. ._ . - _ ~. , A full analysis of the severe problems with the siting process is beyond the scope of this EA comment letter. The important point to take away is that the description of the siting process in the EA creates a completely false impression. This was a process that was illogical, convoluted, directly opposed by the community at large, and that ultimately resulted. in a badly flawed selection. FAILURE TO ACCURATELY DESCRIBE THE PROPERTY AND THE SURROUNDING AREA We have already discussed the serious mistake the EA makes with regard to wetlands on the property. Unfortunately, this. mistake is typical of other elements of the misunderstanding of the site and its surroundings shown in the EA. The.. Fro claims that there are no farmlands of significance. To the contrary, this is one of two prime farming communities in Orange County. , There are viable, working farms near the site, including several that are historic, having been farmed by the same family for many generations. These farmers are opposed to this site. for the waste transfer station for many. reasons, not least of which is their safety as they take their farm equipment on the rural roads that would be used by dozens of garbage trucks and large transfer trucks every day State Clearinghouse March 16, 2009 Page 5 under the proposal. See Exhibit G, Letter from Maple View Farm; see a/so, Exhibit E, Tndy article. The EA also fails to correctly inform the reader that this site is located on a rural two lane road, that the site does not perk, that the site has no access to public water or sewer, that the site is far from the primary infrastructure grid, that there is no rail line nearby (important for waste transfer stations), and that there are adjacent businesses that will be adversely impacted by this operation. Among the local businesses is a retreat center located on an adjacent property, the business of which would be destroyed by a busy garbage operation next door. Further, though the Fro correctly states that the zoning here is rural/residential, it fails to give any attention to this. This proposal would locate this busy, industrial operation in the most protective zoning category in the county. The proposed waste transfer station will be surrounded by private homes and the Retreat Center, that rely on .this zoning designation. These residents and businesses must and gladly do-restrict what they do on their land to keep it quiet, rural, and residential. In an amazing act of government arrogana:e, the County has decreed that it can put anything it wants to, = anywhere it wants to, regardless of the effect on legitimate landowner uses of the surrounding land that have relied upon the protection of that zoning. There are many other, smaller mistakes and misrepresentations. All of it shows two things: first, a consultant that has no local knowledge (and has either never been on the site, or lied about the wetlands); second, a process that, far from being careful and deliberate, is on a fast track to approval of an inappropriate site, eyes closed to the truth. OVERALL, THESE DEFICIENCIES REVEAL AN EA WITH INADEQUATE INFORMATION. This EA lacks sufficient information. Critical information is missing. Critical information is wrong. Critical information is misleading. Pursuant to 01 NCAC 25 .0506(c), the Clearinghouse should inform the applicant that "the document has been determined to' lack sufficient information. Supplemental documentation which providesadequate information`should be submitted to the Clearinghouse for review and comment:' In short, the Clearinghouse should require that the applicant submit additional information. Once that information is submitted, the resulting State Clearinghouse March 16, 2009 Page 6 environmental document, presumably with more complete and accurate information, should be put back through the comment process. SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT .This project does not satisfy a FONSI-finding of no significant impact. To the contrary, this EA considered along with these comments evidence a project that will have profound environmental impacts. This project will bring masses of human garbage to a location that has not previously experienced it. This project will bring clearing, logging, grading, trucks, and construction to a site that has not experienced it before and to a community that has never experienced it on this scale. Most importantly, this project will transform that rural, beautiful community into an industrial and commercial area-transforming an area known for wildlife, bicycling, historic farms, dark night skies, and peace into just another noisy, dirty, smelly commercial and industrial area. This is environmental impact of the most significant and important kind. For these reasons, a full Environmental Impact Analysis should be required for this project. Clearly, the planners of this project have a poor understanding both of the property and:cor~munity into which they wish to insert ~, this project and of the potential environmental impacts of the project. The specific purpose of the N.C. Environmental Policy Act is to "ensure that government agencies seriously consider the environmental effects of each of the reasonable and realistic alternatives available to them:' N.C. Gen. Stat. §113A-1; Department of Transportation u. B/ue, 556 S.E.2d 609 (N.C. Ct. App. 2001). The more complete and thorough analysis of an EIS is required to fulfill this mandate. Put another way, a Finding of No Significant Impact is not justified here for two reasons. First, the anticipated impacts of this project are quite significant. Second, the information presented in the EA is far too inadequafie, erroneous, and untrue to form any basis for a finding of no significant impact. Therefore, pursuant to 01 NCAC 25 .0506(c)(2), "[b]ased on the comments submitted, the clearinghouse shall advise the [county] as follows: ....the document does not satisfy a finding of no significant impact and an EIS should be prepared:' State Clearinghouse March 16, 2009 Page 7 Respectfully submitted, James L. Conner II _.~~. Comments on Env6ronmertta! Assessment of CD~°ange County Transfea~ Stat6on Sher !)56 (VI/+eSt 5~ LILC~ , .: . To. State Clearinghouse N.C. Department of Administration 13g1 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27fi99-1301 From; Laura Streitfeld Preserve Rural Orange 3141 Morrow Farm Lane Chaps) Hil{, NC 27516 Email: laika@mebtel.net Phane (919) 801-7294 Cate: March 24, 2009 Re: Orange County Transfer Station Site 056 Environmental Assessment SCH#: ®9E40®40228 RECEIVED DATE: OZ/Zq/2009 _ ' TYPE: SEPA Envirbhr~en~af Assessment ~ ~~~~=' REVIEW CLOSE DATE: 03/ZO/Z009 APPLICANT: Orange County Transfer Station DESC: Construction ofi a Solid Waste Transfer Station on a tract in Bingham Township in western Orange County location on NC 54 in the Town ofi Carrboro REGION: J COUNTY: Orange CONTACT: Robert Davis PHONE: (919)245-2580 http:llwww.doa.state.nc.us/ciearin~c /ebuiietin.asox Please n®te. Location as stated an the DOA Clearinghouse website description above is incorrect. Bingham Township in western grange County is not in the town of Carrboro. C®NTEI`dTS ~sg p6'~9y1e.~~rrle~~i '4s®~m~.~y~~.~`! sesraeavseasa pa,~>~..~ ~ayG ~~?g IT. Co~ttments on ii~A .7Prottons ... gages 4 - Page 2 Im General Cotttttaen~~s Orange County's selection of Site g5fi, the lir/est 5~ I.LC property in Bingham Township far a waste transfer station would transform a historically rural and agricultural area into an industrial zoneo Rural residents and farmers driving tractors across Highway 54 would be . faced with tractor-trailers and collection trucks six days a week on a two- lane undivided road and narrow country. roads. Increased truck traffic, airborne particulate matter and 200,000 square feet of impermeable surface would have a significant impact on air and water quality, and on regional drinking water supplies originating in the Collins Creek, Haw River and Cane Creek watersheds. A two story industrial facility operating six days a week in a rural zone would also be"a source of noise and light pollution. The 143-acre heavily wooded site is almost six times greater than the 25 acres originally proposed. for a transfer station and buffer, and the county has cited the possibility of unspecified future uses of the property, which has several areas of wetlands. The site is has no municipal water or sewer service and is 12 miles from the center of waste generation, interstates and rail access, Comments- Orange County Transfer Station Site 056 Environmental Assessment Laura Streitfeld, Preserve Rural Orange Page 3 Bingham Township: Cluster of government operations County residents in the immediate area bear the burden of negative environmental impacts from a cluster of government operations from which they do not receive services. 'The add'atiian of a transfer station must be considered in this context, and in recognition of the likelihood of secondary cumulative effects of sprawl and of future unspecified uses by the county of the 14~-acre site, as proposed by county staff. Cane Creek Reservoir and OWASl4, Sewage Sludge Twenty years ago farmers' land was bought and taken by eminent domain by the Orange Water and Sewer Association to create Cane Creek Reservoir west of the project area, supplying water for Chapel Hill and Carrboro but not for Bingham Township. On the property next to Site 056 to the east, OWASA stores and spreads municipal sewage sludge from sewer service provided to fawn residents and businesses, service that is not provided to Bingham Township. Ul~C Research Resource pacility ~, _ For four decades the University of Narth Carolina at Chapel Hill has operated the Research Resource Facility on nearby Orange Chapel Clover +Garden Road. The lab animal research facility incinerator generates annually recorded toxic pollutant emissions including mercury and propylene oxide. The UNC facility is currently undergoing a $27 million expansion with plans for 10 or more buildings housing hundreds of dogs and pigs, new roads, and planned use of 1000 gallons per day of well water. From the facility`s animal waste lagoons, up to 10,000 gallons of treated wastewater per day will be sprayed onto fields and woods above a tributary that feeds into Collins Creek. Comments- Orange County ~'ransfer Station Site 056 Errvironmentat Assessment Laura Streitfetd, Preserve Rurat Orange Page 4 =I. ~ t'~e0'tts on EA ~ectlol1ASe ~ " 3.~ Existing Environmental Characteristics of Project Area 3.9 Noise Levels Reference to the American Stone Quarry is misleading. While there are trucks that enter and exit the stone quarry.3.5 miles east of the project area, almost all trucks leaving the quarry turn east on Highway 54 toward Chapel Hill rather than west toward Site 056, according to company employees. There is little or no noise or related truck traffic at the project area from the quarry and trucks located 3,5 miles east. 3.10 1i4later liesoorces ~.1®.1 Caroa~nstwater ftesou'rces Groundwater recharge in the project area, rather than in the vicinity needs to be examined closely. ,;, , , 4.~ ~re~lictecl En~ri~~nrnental Effects of the i~royect '(~ ~.~. Tapography "Minimal efFect" cited, with no numerical or comparative data. 4.3 Land Use According to county Planning staff, the "exclusive planning jurisdiction" means that the county may build a government facility anywhere in Orange County regardless of zoning and without rezoning. Stating that there are na conflicts with zoning does not address the proposed industrial facility's inconsistency with current land use and the property's zoning, which is agricultural residential, ~AT ~4 ~tla n~s Several areas of wetlands are identified~irr the SWID in Appendix A, one of which drains into the stream located along the proposed access road, and these areas merit further investigation before any determination is made as to impact. Camments~ Orange Cauniy Transfer Station Site. OS6 Erxviranmental Assessment Laura Streitfeld, Preserve Rural Orange ~, Page 5 ~.~ AHr t~ualOty "Minimal impact on ambient air quality" is not a scientific calculation, and does not provide data on how current air quality, previously described in section 3.i3 as "good," would be affected. The impact of increased truck traffic would be compounded by a transfer station requiring multiple open doorways for trucks to enter and exit to dump trash, allowing particulate matter to become airborne and dispersed. The carlson footprint should be calculated in terms of enegagrams per year, according, to the EPA. There is no. calculation of the carbon footprint for Site 056 in megagrams per year. In reference to the carbon footprint, the expected increase is only described as "minimal." 4.9 iVoise levels The transfer building is described as "totally enclosed." Enclosed transfer stations have multiple large doorways which remain open during hours of operation for trucks to enter and exit on two levels, while trash is being dumped and loaded. With several open doorways large enough for collection trucks, tractor-trailers and earth-moving equipment, the transfer station cannot fully "contain noise within the building." ~.~~.~ ~rY#iAndYY Alter i~e.7V4i r~I~ii~ According to Olver Incorporated, Orange County's planning and engineering consultant, the amount of water necessary for fire protection would be approximately 200,000 gallons, to be collected from rainwater running off the roof and stored on site. Given low welt capacity in the area and drought conditions, it is questionable how long it would take to fill the tank to ensure adequate water for Ere protection. Projected well water use of up to 1500 gallons per day as well as fire protection water supply use should be closely examined in terms of feasibility as well as the potential impact on neighboring wells. The presence of eight employees and 7p truck drivers each day at the station six days a week suggests that the effect of the waste system would be far greater than a residential septic system. The septic system capacity should be further examined in the- prcject area. Comments- Orange County TransfeY Station Site 056 Environmental Assessment Laura Streitfeld, .Pt-eserve Rurc~I Or^gr~ge Page 6 •'!'a~~ i^.11vpt°BI~~~".11ta1 ~61st$Cfs. ~a~plete anel cu~rerat i~a~ormatian ®n thy: sitia~~ p~®c~ss is nsat available to- the public. orange County's planning and engineering consultant, sJtver Inc., created a transfer station website to inform the public during the siting process. This environmental assessment of Site 056 was received by the NC DQA an February 20, 2009, and as of a week before the closing date of March 20, 2009 it was not posted on the county's transfer station website. tJther than posting the environmental assessment (after I notified county Solid Waste staff last week), it appears that the website has not' been updated since December 2008. Missing are dates of upcoming county commissioners' meetings with scheduled presentations on the transfer station, as well as several months of approved minutes from county commissioners' meetings. The consultant's calculations in applying criteria have not been posted or made public, and representatives of ~Iver Inc. did not return repeated Gaits from a reporter inquiring about the site selection process.' The seller's price and restrictive terms and conditions of sale were not made available by county .staff to county commiss~pners or the public prior. to the ~l county's decision to pursue Site 056 in December 2008. Letters from the seller to county staff referenced terms and conditions of environmental significance, including: limiting road access to Teer Road rather than NC 54, which would send trucks on a narrow country road that runs along Cane Creek Reservoir, and would necessitate an easement to the landlocked 143 acres through OWASA property; and immediate rezoning of seller's adjacent road front 8-acre property from agriculturaljresidentiat to commercial zoning. . Comments- Orange County Transfer Station Site 058 Environmental Assessment Laura Streitfeld, Preserve Rural Orange Page 7 AppendBx A Surface iNater Identif~catiom Ci'eterminatflon Feature A ~ The stream is a tributary of Collins Creek, listed as impaired by the EPA and there is the risk of further impairment by runoff from trucks on the access road and impermeable surfaces, Feature F- Pools draining toward Feature A should be looked at by the Army Corps of Engineers to determine whether they meet wetland criteria. Comments- Orange County Transfer Station Site 056 ~nvironmentaI Assessment Laura Streitfeld, Preserve Rural Orange /' ~.. Marc Seelinger, PWS "~~ THE ~ ~ ~ _ The swamp school 621 Starburst Lane ~ . ; Raleigh, NC 27603 r- S(~}-~QQL 919-302-6900 March 10, 2009 Ms. Susan Walser 2224 Western Park Lane Hillsborough, NC 27278 Reference: Orange County Solid Waste Transfer Station Site 056 Orange County, North Carolina Dear Ms. Walser: At your request I have preformed a preliminary investigation to determine the presence or absence of wetlands on the referenced property. For your consideration, I offer the following observations. The presence of hydric soils is a major determinant for the presence of wetlands. The Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) has published a soil survey for Orange County. A Custom Soil Resource Report for Orange County, North Carolina, Orange County Solid Waste Transfer Station is attached. The NRCS has identified that the majority of the site is composed of the Lignum soil series. This soil series is partially hydric and has hydric inclusions of Wehadkee in depressions on flood plains. ' !, The site photography that you sent me indicates a number of depressional areas ti~at ire inundated. If is a reasonable expectation that these areas would contain inclusions of the~~hydric~Wehadkee~~series:''The photography documents a prevalence of hydrophytic vegetation. This would meet all three criteria that define a wetland pursuant to the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACOE) WetlandsDelineation Manual (1987). The suspected wetland areas are adjacent to an unnamed tributary to Collins Creek. The unnamed tributary appears to be a relevantly permanent water with perennial flow. It is shown on the US Geological Survey as a "blue-line" stream. Collins Creek is a relevantly permanent water that flows directly into a traditionally navigable waterway, the Haw River. Pursuant to the recent USACOE Guidance on Jurisdictional Waters, the unnamed tributary and the adjacent wetlands would be considered "waters of the US"and subject to regulation under the Federal Clean Water Act. Please note that the USACOE, the NC Divison of Water Quality and the US Environmental Protection agency are the final authority as to the determination of what wetlands and waterways are subject to Federal and State regulation. It is strongly urged that these agencies be consulted though the Jurisdictional Determination process for verification of this assessment. Please let me know if you have any further questions. Sincerely, Marc Seelinger, PWS 'The Swamp School Attachment l,.jSDA United States "'- A product of the National Ct.ISt® ®1' @S®Urce =-~ Department of Cooperative Soil Survey, ~' Agriculture a joint effort of the United Report for States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State Natural Resources agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Conservation Stations, and local participants service Orange County Solid Waste Transfer Station %~ `` Soil surveys contain information that affects land use planning in survey areas. They highlight soil limitations that affect various land uses and provide information about the properties of the soils in the survey areas. Soil surveys are designed for many different users, including farmers, ranchers, foresters, agronomists, urban planners, community officials, engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers. Also, conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in recreation, waste disposal, and pollution control can use the surveys to help them understand, protect, or enhance the environment. Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose special restrictions on land use or land treatment. Soil surveys identify soil properties that are used in making various land use or land treatment decisions. The information is intended to help the land users identify and reduce the effects of soil limitations on various land uses. The landowner or user is responsible for identifying and complying with existing laws and regulations. :.Although soil.surv_ey. lpfs~rmation can be used for general farm, local,. and .wider area planning, onsite investigation is needed to supplementthis information in some cases. Examples include soil quality assessments (httpa/soils;usda.gov/sqi/) and certain conservation and engineering applications. For more detailed information, contact your local USDA Service Center (http://offices.sc.egov.usda.govllocator/app? agency=nres) or your NRCS State Soil Scientist (http://soils.usda.gov/coritact/ state_offices!): Great differences. in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils are seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are too unstable tote used as a foundation for buildings or roads.. Clayey orwet soils are poorly suited#o use as septic tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil poorly suited to basements or .underground installations. The National Cooperative Soil Survey is a joint effort of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including fhe Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) has leadership for the Federal part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey. Information about soils is updated periodically. Updated information is available through the NRCS Soil Data Mart Web site or the NRCS Web Soil Starvey. The Soil Data Mart is the data storage site for the official soil survey information. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means ~~ ,~ 2 for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc:) should contact USDA's, TARGET Center at .(202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write toUSDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. 3 ~~ Preface ....................................................................................................................2 How Soil Surveys Are Made ..................................................................................5 Soil Map ..................................................................................................................7 Soil Map .............................................................................................................. ..8 Legend ..................................................................................................................9 Map Unit Legend ................................................................................................10 Map Unit Descriptions ........................................................................................ 10 Orange County, North Carolina ...................................................................... 12 Ch-Chewacla loam .................................................................................... 12 GeC-Georgeville silt loam, 6 to 10 percent slopes .................................... 13 HrB-Herndon silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes ........................................... 14 Lg-Lignum silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes ............................................... 15 Soil Information for All Uses ............................................................................... 17 Suitabilities and limitations for Use .................................................................... 17 land Classifications ........................................................................................ 17 ric Ratin b Ma Unit..... Y 9 Y p ...................................................................... 17 ,: Soil Reports ........................................... ~ ........................... 22 ~ ; ...._. Land Classifications ........................................................................................ 22 Hydric Soils ................................................................................................. 22 Water Features ............................................................................................... 32 Water Features ............................................................................................ 32 References ............................................................................................................ 36 '~ 4 ovv oil r Soil surveys are made to provide information about the soils and miscellaneous areas in a specific area. They include a description of the soils and miscellaneous areas and their location on the landscape and tables that show soil properties and limitations affecting various uses. Soil scientists observed the steepness, length, and shape of the slopes; the general pattern of drainage; the kinds of crops and native plants; and the kinds of bedrock. They observed and described many soil profiles. A soil profile is the sequence of natural layers, or horizons, in a soil. The profile extends from the surface down into the unconsolidated material in which the soil formed or from the surface down to bedrock. The unconsolidated material is devoid of roots and other living organisms and has not been changed by other biological activity.. Currently, soils are mapped according to the boundaries of major land resource areas (MLRAs). Mt_RAs are geographically associated land resource units that share common characteristics related to physiography, geology, climate, water resources, soils, biological resources, and land uses (USDA, 2006). Soil survey areas typically consist of parts of one or more MLRA. ~_. . The soils.and mincellaneous..areas..in:as~trvey ~rPa.occur in an orderly pattern hat is related to the geology, landforms, relief, climate, and natural vegetation of the area. Each kind of soil and miscellaneous area is associated with a particular kind of landform or with a segment of the landform. By observing the soils and miscellaneous areas in the survey area and relating their position to specific segments of the landform, a soil scientist develops a concept, or model, of how they were formed. Thus, during mapping, this model enables the soil scientist to predict with a considerable degree of accuracy the kind of soil or miscellaneous area at a specific location on the landscape. Commonly, individual soils on the landscape merge into one another as their characteristics gradually change. To construct an accurate soil map, however, soil scientists must determine the boundaries between the soils. They can observe only a limited number of soil profiles. Nevertheless, these observations, supplemented by an understanding of the soil-vegetation-landscape relationship, are sufficient to verify predictions of the kinds of soil in an area and to determine the boundaries. Soil scientists recorded the characteristics of the soil profiles that they studied. They noted soil color, texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and amount of rock fragments, distribution of plant roots, reaction, and other features that enable them to identify soils. After describing the soils in the survey area and determining their properties, the soil scientists assigned the soils to taxonomic classes (units). Taxonomic classes are concepts. Each taxonomic class has a set of soil characteristics with precisely defined limits. The classes are used as a basis for comparison to classify soils systematically. Soil taxonomy, the system of taxonomic classification used in the United States, is based mainly on the kind and. character of soil properties and the arrangement of horizons within the profile. After the soil scientists classified and named the soils in the survey area, they compared the Custom Soil Resource Report r individual soils with similar soils in the same taxonomic class in other areas so that ~~ they could confirm data and assemble additional data based on experience and research. The objective of soil mapping is not to delineate pure map unit components; the objective is to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. Each map unit is defined by a unique combination of soil components and/or miscellaneous areas in predictable proportions. Some components maybe highly contrasting to the other components of the map unit. The presence of minor components in a map unit in noway diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The delineation of such landforms and landform segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas. Soil scientists make many field observations in the process of producing a soil map. The frequency of observation is dependent upon several factors, including scale of mapping, intensity of mapping, design of map units, complexity of the landscape, and experience of the soil scientist. Observations are made to test and refine the soil- landscape model'and predictions and to verify the classification of the soils at specific locations. Once the soil-landscape model is refined, a significantly smaller number of measurements of individual soil properties are made and recorded. These measurements may include field measurements, such as those for color, depth to bedrock, and texture, and laboratory measurements, such as those for content of sand, silt,. clay, salt, and other components. Properties of each soil typically vary from one point to another across the landscape. Observations for map unit components are aggregated to develop. ranges of._ _. _r. characteristics fiir.the components. The aggregated values are presented. Direct _ measurements do not exist for every property presented for every map unit component. Values for some properties are estimated from combinations of other properties. While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some of the soils in the area generally are collected for laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil scientists interpret the data from these analyses and tests as well as the field-observed characteristics and the soil properties to determine the expected behavior of the soils under different uses. Interpretations for all of the soils are field tested through observation of the soils in different uses and under different levels of management. Some interpretations are modified to fit local conditions, and some new interpretations are developed to meet local needs. Data are assembled from other sources, such as research information, production records,. and field experience of specialists. For example, data on crop yields under defined levels of management are assembled from farm records and from field or plot experiments on the same kinds of soil. Predictions about soil behavior are based not only on soil properties but also on such variables as climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are predictable over long periods of time, but they are not predictable from .year to year. For example, soil scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of accuracy that a given soil will have a high water table within certain depths in most years, but they cannot predict that a high water table will always be at a specific level in the soil on a specific date. After soil scientists located and identified the significant natural bodies of soil in the survey area; they drew the boundaries of these bodies on aerial photographs and identified each as s specific map unit. Aerial photographs showtrees, buildings, fields, roads, and rivers, all of which help in locating boundaries accurately. r ''~~ 6 ®iI The soil map section includes the soil map for the defined area of interest, a list of soil map units on the map and extent of each map unit, and cartographic symbols displayed on the map. Also presented are various metadata about data used to produce the map, and a description of each soil map unit. ,~, ` .. t•rtt..; ,....... 7 35° 56' 46" 35° 55' 53" ~r 35° 55 52" ~' Map Scale:1:7,800 if printed on A size (3.5" x 11 ") sheet m N Meters ~ ,~~ 0 5D 100 20D 300rm, Feet 0 300 600 1,200 1,BD0 Custom Soil Resource Report Soil Map m a M n ~ n Custom Soii Resource Report MAP LEGEND Area of interest (AOI) Area of Interest (AOI) Soils ~~ Soli Map Units Special Polrrt Features V Blowout ® Borrow Pit X clay spot 0 Closed Depression x Gravel Pll „ Gravelty Spot ® Lendgll /t Lava Flow ,~, ~Marshorswamp 5t Mlne or Oueny Q Miscellaneous Water ~. Perennial Water ~ Rock Outcrop } Saline Spot Sandy Spat _ Severety Eroded Spot 0 sinkhole SlldeorSlip ~ sodlc Spot w Spoil Area ~ Stony Spot MAP INFORMATION ~ Very stony spot Map Scale: 1:7,BD0 if printed on A size (8.5" >< 11") sheet. ~ Wet Spot The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:20,000. ~ other Special tine Features Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map Gully measurements. short steep slope Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service ~~~~ other Web Soll Survey URL: http:/hvebsollsurvey.nres.usda.gov ~~ Coordinate System: UTM Zone 17N NA083 Political Features p 001es This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of Water Features the version date(s) listed below. }~;•. Oceens Sall Survey Area: Orange County, North Carolina ,,-.. Streams and canals Survey Area Date: Version 8, Mar 20, 2007 Transportation {ift Rolls Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 6/16/2006 ,.~.. ' • interstate Highways The orthophoto or other base map on which the so(I Ilnes were ,^,, us Routes compiled and digitized probably differs from the background Imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting Ma)or Roads of map unit boundaries may be evident. ^ focal Roads Custom Soil Resource Report ~, .. a nit Le end Orange County, North Carolina (NC135) Map Unii: Symbol Map Unit Name Acres in AOI Percent of AOI Ch Chewacla loam 1.9 1.2% GeC Georgeville silt loam, 6 to 10 percent slopes 2.1 1.3% HrB Herndon silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes 15.6 10.1 t_g Cignum silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes 135.0 87.3% Totals for Area of Interest 154.6 100.0% ap lJnit escripti®ns The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in a soil survey represent the soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions, along with the maps, can be used to determine the composition and properties of a unit. A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or more major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic ... class there are precisely defirtetd; limits forthe properties of thesoils: On the landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the characteristic variability ~~- . of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some observed properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class. Areas of soils of a single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without including areas of other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every map unit is made up of the soils or miscellaneous areas for which it is named and some minor components that belong to taxonomic classes other than those of the major soils. Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They generally are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the scale used. Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas are identified by a special symbol on the maps. If included in the database for a given area, the contrasting minor components are identified in the map unit descriptions along with some characteristics of each. A few areas of minor components may not have been observed, and consequently they are not mentioned in the descriptions, especially where the pattern was so complex that it was impractical to make enough observations to identify all the soils and miscellaneous areas on the landscape. The presence of minor components in a map unit in noway diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate pure taxonomic classes but ratherto separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. The delineation of such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If ~ 10 Custom Soil Resource Report intensive use of small areas is planned, however, onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas. An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions. Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil properties and qualities. Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement. Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness, salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas shown on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series. Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas. These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups. A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all areas. Alpha-Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example. An association is made up of two or more geographically associated soils or .miscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present or anticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered practical or necessary to map he soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The pattern and relative proportion ~of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar. Alpha- Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example. An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas that could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar interpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can be made up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made up of all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example. Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil material and support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example. 11 Custom Soil Resource Report ®range ~®unty, North Carolina ~~~ Ch-Chewacla loam Map Unit Setting Elevation: 200 to 1,400 feet Mean annual precipitation: 37 to 60 inches Mean annual air temperature: 59 to 66 degrees F Frost-free period: 200 to 240 days Map Unit Composition Chewacla and similarsoils: 85 percent Minor components: 5 percent Description of Chewacla Setting Landform: Flood plains . Down-slope shape: Concave Across-slope shape: Linear Parent material: Loamy alluvium derived from igneous and metamorphic rock Properties and qualities Slope: 0 to 2 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to Transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high (0:57 to 1.9& in/hr) .. - :....,.. -- - ....__ . ~ {;. Depth to water table: About 6 to 24 inches Frequency of flooding: Frequent Frequency of ponding: None Available water capacity: High (about 11.5 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability (nonirrigated): 4w Typical profile 0 fo 4 inches: Loarn 4 to 26 inches: Silty clay loam 26 to 38 inches: Loam 38 to 60 inches: Clay loam 60 to 80 inches: Loam Minor Components Wehadkee, undrained Percent of map unit: 5 percent Landform: Depressions on flood plains Down-slope shape: Concave Across-slope shape: Linear 12 Custom Soil Resource Report GeC-Georgeville silt loam, 6 to 10 percent slopes Map Unit Setting Elevation: 300 to 750 feet Mean annual precipifation: 37 to 60 inches Mean annual air temperature: 59 to 66 degrees F Frost-free period: 200 to 240 days Map Unit Composition Georgeville and similar soils: 90 percent Description of Georgeville Setting Landform: Hillslopes on ridges Landform position (two-dimensional): Summit, shoulder Landform position (three-dimensional): Side slope Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Convex Parent material: Residuum weathered from slate and/or metavolcanics and/or argillite ..:... __ ; ,i _., .. Properties-and~q~atities...................•.....::... __; , . ;. Slope: 6 to 10 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high (0.57 to 1.98 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Available water capacity: High (about 9.2 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability (nonirrigated): 3e Typical profile 0 to 7 inches: Silt loam 7 to 70 inches: Silty clay loam 70 to 44 inches: Clay 44 to 53 inches: Silty clay loam 53 to SO inches: Loam 'I 3 Custom Soil Resource Report HrB-Herndon silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes Map Unit Setting Elevation: 320 to 700 feet Mean annual precipitation: 37 to 60 inches Mean annual air temperature: 59 to 66 degrees F Frost-free period: 200 to 240 days Map Unit Composition Herndon and similar soils: 85 percent Description of Herndon Setting Landfonn: Interfluves Landfonn position (two-dimensional): Summit Landfonn position (three-dimensional): Interfluve Down-slope shape: Convex Across-slope shape: Convex Parent material: Residuum weathered from slate and/or metavolcanics and/or argillite Properties and qualities ,, .. Slope: 2 to 6 percent - ~ - = Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high (0.57 to 1.98 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Available water capacity: Moderate (about 7.4 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability (nonirrigated): 2e Typical profile 0 to 3 inches: Silt loam 3 to 9 inches: Silt loam 9 fo 14 inches: Silty clay loam 14 to 34 inches: Silty clay 34 to 48 inches: Silty clay loam 48 to 80 inches: Silt loam 14 Custom Soil Resource Report Lg-Lignum silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes Map Unit Setting Elevation: 200 to 1,400 feet Mean annual precipitation: 37 to 60 inches Mean annual air temperature: 59 to 66 degrees F Frost-free period: 200 to 240 days Map Unit Composition Lignum and similar soils: 85 percent Minor components: 2 percent Description of Lignum Setting Landform: Interfluves Landform position (fwo-dimensional): Summit Landform position (three-dimensional): Interfluve Down-slope shape: Convex Across-slope shape: Linear Parent maferial: Residuum weathered from metavolcanics and/or residuum weathered from argillite . Properties and qualities Slope: 0 to 3 percent Depth to restrictive feature: 40 to 60 inches to paralithic bedrock Drainage class: Moderately well drained Capacity of fhe most limiting layer to Transmit wafer (Ksat): Very low to moderately low (0.00 to 0.06 in/hr) Depth to water fable: About 12 to 30 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Available water capacity: Moderate (about 8.2 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability (nonirrigated): 2w Typical profile 0 to 2 inches: Silt loam 2 to 12 inches: Silt loam 12 to 39 inches: Silty clay 39 to 56 inches: Silt loam 56 to 80 inches: Weathered bedrock Minor Components Wehadkee, undrained Percent of map unif: 2 percent Landform: Depressions on flood plains Down-slope shape: Concave Across-slope shape: Linear 15 Custom Soil Resource Report (~ - .. _ ,~ . 16 soil Information for II Uses suitabilities and Limitations for Use The suitabilities and Limitations for Use section includes various soil interpretations displayed as thematic maps with a summary table for the soil map units in the selected area of interest. A single value or rating for each map unit is generated by aggregating the interpretive ratings of individual map unit components. This aggregation process is defined for each interpretation. Land Classifications Land Classifications are specified land use and management groupings that are .;--. assigned to soil areas because combinations of soil have similar behaviorfor specified practices. Most are based on soil properties and other factors that directly influence the specific use of the soil. Example classifications include ecological site classification, farmland classification, irrigated and nonirrigated land capability classification, and hydric rating. Hydric Rating by Map Unit This rating indicates the proportion of map units that meets the criteria for hydric soils. Map units are composed of one or more map unit components or soil types, each of which is rated as hydric soil or not hydric. Map units that are made up dominantly of hydric soils may have small areas of minor nonhydric components in the higher positions on the landform, and map units that are made up dominantly of nonhydric soils may have small areas of minor hydric components in the lower positions on the landform. Each map unit is designated as "all hydric," "partially hydric," "not hydric," or "unknown hydric," depending on the rating of its respective components. "All hydric" means that. all. components listed for a given map unit are rated as being hydric, while "not hydric" means that all components are rated as not hydric. "Partially hydric" means that at least one component of the map unit is rated as hyric, and at least one component is rated as not hydric. "Unknown hydric" indicates that at least one component is not rated so a definitive rating for the map unit cannot be made. Hydric soils are defined by the National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils (NTCHS) as soils that formed under conditions of saturation, flooding, or ponding long enough during the growing season to develop anaerobic conditions in the upper part 17 Custom Soil Resource Report (Federal Register, 1994). Under natural conditions, these soils are either saturated or ~ inundated long enough during the growing season to support the growth and reproduction of hydrophytic vegetation. The NTCHS definition identifies general soil properties that are associated with wetness. In order to determine whether a specific soil is a hydric soil or nonhydric soil, however, more specific information, such as information about the depth and duration of the watertable, is needed. Thus, criteria that identifythose estimated soil properties unique to hydric soils have been established (Federal Register, 2002). These criteria are used to identify map unit components that normally are associated with wetlands. The criteria used are selected estimated soil properties that are described in "Soil Taxonomy" (Soil Survey Staff, 1999) and "Keys to Soil Taxonomy" (Soil Survey Staff, 2006) and in the "Soil Survey Manual" (Soil Survey Division Staff, 1993). If soils are wet enough for a long enough period of time to be considered hydric, they should exhibit certain properties that can be easily observed in the field. These visible properties are indicators. of hydric soils. The indicators used to make onsite determinations of hydric soils are specified in "Field Indicators of Hydric Soils in the United States" (Hurt and Vasilas, 2006). References: Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States. Federal Register. September 18, 2002:; Hydric soils of the United:States Hurt, G.W., and L.M. Vasilas, editors. Version 6.0, 2006. Field indicators of hydric soils in the United States. Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 18. Soil Survey Staff.1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for making and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation Service. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436. Soil Survey Staff. 2006. Keys to soil taxonomy. 10th edition. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. (~ 18 Custom Soil Resource Report Map--Hydric Rating by Map Unit o m iM N m m n r. 35° 56' 46" 35° 55' 53" 35° 5545" 35° 55 52" ~' Map Scale:1:7,800 if pdnted on A size (8.5" x 11 ") sheet ~+ iM iV `' N Meters n ~ 0 50 100 200 300 Feet 0 300 600 1,200 1,800 ~\_ Custom Soii Resource Report MAP LEGEND Area of Interest (AOI) Q Area of Interest (AOI) soils Q Sall Map Units Soil Ratings Q Ag Hyddc Q Partially Hyddc >7,tq Nol Hyddc Q Unknown Hyddc Not rated Drool avaliabie PolRical Features p Cfties Water Features oceans ~ "' ~" - "' ' ,..,.. streams and canals Trnnsportatlon Ralis N' Interstate Highways ,.v US Routes .'~: McJorRoads ~::; Local Roads MAP INFORMATION Map Scale: 1:7,80D If pr(nted an A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. The soil surveys that comprise yaurAOi were mapped at 1:20,000. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservatlon Service Web Sofl Survey URL: http:/lwebso(Isurvey.nres.usda.gov Coordinate System: UTM Zone 17N NAD83 This product Is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Sall Survey Area: Orenge County, North Carol(na Survey Area Data: Version 9, Mar 20, 2007 Date(s)'eerial imageswere;photogrephed: 6/16/2006, Tha orthophoto or other hose map on which the soli Ilnes were complied end digitized probably differs from the background Imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundedes may be evident j ~( Y~ Custom Soil Resource Report Table-Hydric Rating by Map Unit Hydric Rating by Map Unit Summary by Map Unit- Orange County, North Carolina Map unit symbol Map,unit name _ Rating Acres In AOI Percent of AOI Ch Chewacla loam . , , , . ; _ .. ._ Partially. Hydric - ,.:, _, . _ . , _ 1.9 1.2% GeC Georgeville silt loam, 6 to 10 percent slopes Not Hydric 2.1 1.3% HrB Herndon silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes Not Hydric 15.6 10.1 Lg Lignum silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes Partially Hydric 135.0 87.3% Totals for Area of Interest 154.6 100.0% Rating Options-Hydric Rating by Map Unit Aggregation Method: Absence/Presence Tie-break Rule: Lower 21 Custom Soil Resource Report '~ ail Rep®rts The Soil Reports section includes various formatted tabular and narrative reports (tables) containing data for each selected soil map unit and each component of each unit. No aggregation of data has occurred as is done in reports in the Soil Properties and Qualities and Suitabilities and Limitations sections. The reports contain soil interpretive information as well as basic soil properties and qualities. A description of each report (table) is included. Land Classifications This folder contains a collection of tabular reports that present a variety of soil groupings. The reports (tables) include all selected map units and components for each map unit. Land classifications are specified land use and management groupings that are assigned to soil areas because combinations of soil have similar behavior for specified practices. Most are based on soil properties and other factors that directly influence the specific use of the soil. Example classifications include ecological site classification, farmland classification, irrigated and nonirrigated land capability classification, and hydric rating. _ ,...~ This table lists the map unit components that are rated as hydric soils in the survey area. This list can help in planning land uses; however, onsite investigation is recommended to determine the hydric soils on a specific site (National Research Council, 1995; Hurt and others, 2002). The three essential characteristics of wetlands are hydrophytic vegetation, hydric soils, and wetland hydrology (Cowardin and others, 1979; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1987; National Research Council, 1995; Tiner, 1985). Criteria for all of the characteristics must be met for areas to be identified as wetlands. Undrained hydric soils that have natural vegetation should support a dominant population of ecological wetland plant species. Hydric soils that have been converted to other uses should be capable of being restored to wetlands. Hydric soils are defined by the National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils (NTCHS) as soils that formed under conditions of saturation, flooding, or ponding long enough during the growing season to develop anaerobic conditions in the upper part (Federal Register, 1994). These soils, under natural conditions, are either saturated or inundated long enough during the growing season to support the growth and reproduction of hydrophytic vegetation. The NTCHS definition identifies general soil properties that are associated with wetness. In order to determine whether a specific soil is a hydric soil or nonhydric soil, however, more specific information, such as information about the depth and duration of the water table, is needed. Thus, criteria that identify those estimated soil properties unique to hydric soils have been established (Federal Register, 2002). These criteria are used to identify map unit components that normally are associated with wetlands. ; The criteria used are selected estimated soil properties that are described in "Soil ~(~ ' 22 Custom Soil Resource Report Taxonomy" (Soil Survey Staff, 1999) and "Keys to Soil Taxonomy" (Soil Survey Staff, 2006) and in the "Soil Survey Manual" (Soil Survey Division Staff, 1993). If soils are wet enough for a long enough period of time to be considered hydric, they should exhibit certain properties that can be easily observed in the field. These visible properties are indicators of hydric soils. The indicators used to make onsite determinations of hydric soils are specified in "Field Indicators of Hydric Soils in the United States" (Hurt and Vasilas, 2006). Hydric soils are identified by examining and describing the soil to a depth of about 20 inches. This depth may be greater if determination of an appropriate indicator so requires. It is always recommended that soils be excavated and described to the depth necessary for an understanding of the redoximorphic processes. Then, using the completed soil descriptions, soil scientists can compare the soil features required by each indicator and specify which indicators have been matched with the conditions observed in the soil. The soil can be identified as a hydric soil if at least one of the approved indicators is present. Map units that are dominantly made up of hydric soils may have small areas, or inclusions, of nonhydric soils in the higher positions on the landform, and map units dominantly made up of nonhydric soils may have inclusions of hydric soils in the lower positions on the landform. The criteria for hydric soils are represented by codes in the table (for example, 2B3). Definitions for the codes are as follows: 1. All Histels except for Folistels, and Histosols except for Folists. -° Z: Soils in Aquic suborders, great groups; orsubgroups, •- •~ ,,, . Albolls suborder,- Historthels great group; Histoturbels.... •• ~ .: - - - - great group, Pachic subgroups, or Cumulic subgroups that: A. are somewhat poorly drained and have a water table at the surface (0.0 feet) during the growing season, or B. are poorly drained or very poorly drained and have either: w a t e a t t h 23 Custom Soil Resource Report e s u r f a c e 0 0 f e e t d u r i n 9 t h e 9 0 w i n 9 s e a s 0 n i f t e x t u r e s a r e c 0 ~. ~. 24 Custom Soil Resource Report a r s e s a n d s a n d 0 r f i n e s a n d i n a 0 I I a Y e r s w i t h i n a d e p t h 0 f 2 0 i n c ~;;_ 25 Custom Soil Resource Report h e s 0 r a w a t e r t a b 1 e a t a d e p t h 0 Q 5 f 0 0 t 0 r I e s s d u r i n 9 t h e 9 r 0 w i 26 Custom Soil Resource Report ~4 n 9 s e a 5 O n i f s a t u r a t e d h Y d r a u 1 i C.r Ci O n d u c t i v i t Y K s a t i s e Q u a t 27 Custom Soil Resource Report 0 r 9 r e a t e r t h a n 6 0 i n h r i n a I a Y e r s w i t h i n a d e p t h 0 f 2 0 i n c e 28 Custom Soil Resource Report s 0 r iii. a w a t e r t a b I e a t a d e p t h 0 f ~. 0 f 0 o t 0 r I e s s d u r i n 9 t h e 9 r 0 w i n 9 29 Custom Soil Resource Report ~. S ~l e a s 0 n i f s a t u r a t e. d h Y d r a u 1 i c o ~_ n d u c t i v i t Y K s a t i s e s s t h a n ~_ 30 Custom Soil Resource Report 6 0 n h r i n a n Y I a Y e r w i t h i n a d _ . ~....., ._. a ,.. ,.. ~p t h 0 f 2 0 i n c h e s 3. Soils that are frequently ponded for long or very long duration during the growing season. 4. Soils that are frequently flooded for long or very long duration during the growing season. References: Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of wetlands and deep-water habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FWS/OBS-79/31. Federal Register. September 18, 2002. Hydric soils of the United States. Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States. Hurt, G.W., and L.M. Vasilas, editors. Version 6.0, 2006. Field indicators of hydric soils in the United States. 31 Custom Soil Resource Report National Research Council. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and boundaries. C Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 18. Soil Survey Staff. 2006. Keys to soil taxonomy. 10th edition. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for making and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation Service. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436. Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands Section. United States Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of Engineers wetlands delineation manual. Waterways Experiment Station Technical Report Y-87-1. Report Hydric Soils Hydric Soils- Orange County, North Carolina Map symbol and map unit name Component Percent of map unit Landform Hydric criteria Ch-Chewacla loam Wehadkee, undrained 5 Depressions on flood plains 283, 4 Lg-Lignum silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes `~`' Wehadkee, undrained 2 Depre"ssions on flood plains 283, 4 Water Features This folder contains tabular reports that present soil hydrology information. The reports (tables) include all selected map units and components for each map unit. Water Features include ponding frequency, flooding frequency, and depth to water table. Water Features This table gives estimates of various soil water features. The estimates are used in land use planning that involves engineering considerations. Hydrologic soil groups are. based on estimates of runoff potential. Soils are assigned to one of four groups according to the rate of water infiltration when the soils are not protected by vegetation, are thoroughly wet, and receive precipitation from long- duration storms. The four hydrologic soil groups are: `.~ Group A. Soils having a high infiltration rate (low runoff potential) when thoroughly wet. These consist mainly of deep, well drained to excessively drained sands or gravelly sands. These soils have a high rate of water transmission. Group B. Soils having a moderate infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of moderately deep or deep, moderately well drained or well drained soils that 32 Custom Soil Resource Report have moderately fine texture to moderately coarse texture. These soils have a moderate rate of water transmission. Group C. Soils having a slow infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of soils having a layer that impedes the downward movement of water or soils of moderately fine texture or fine texture. These soils have a slow rate of water transmission. Group D. Soils having a very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential) when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink-swell potential, soils that have a high water table, soils that have a claypan or clay layer at or near the surface, and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious material. These soils have a very slow rate of water transmission. If a soil is assigned to a dual hydrologic group (A/D, B/D, or C/D), the first letter is for drained areas and the second is for undrained areas. Surface runoff refers to the loss of water from an area by flow over the land surface. Surface runoff classes are based on slope, climate, and vegetative cover. The concept indicates relative runoff for very specific conditions. It is assumed that the surface of the soil is bare and that the retention of surface water resulting from irregularities in the ground surface is minimal. The classes are negligible, very low, low, medium, high, and very high. The months in the table indicate the portion of the year in which a watertable, ponding, and/or flooding is most likely to be a concern. Water table refers to a saturated zone in the soil. The water features table indicates, by month, depth to the top (upper limit) and base (lower limit) of the saturated zone in most years. Estimates of the upper and lower limits;are based rrrainly on obse~vaiions of the water table at selected sites and on evidence of a saturated zone, namely grayish colors or mottles (redoximorphic features) in the soil. A saturated zone that lasts for less than a month is not considered a water table. Ponding is standing water in a closed depression. Unless a drainage system is installed, the water is removed only by percolation, transpiration, or evaporation. The table indicates surface water depth and the duration and frequency of ponding. Duration is expressed as very brief if less than 2 days, brief if 2 to 7 days, long if 7 to 30 days, and very tang if more than 30 days. Frequency is expressed as none, rare, occasional, and frequent. None means that ponding is not probable; rare that it is unlikely but possible under unusual weather conditions (the chance of ponding is nearly 0 percent to 5 percent in any year); occasional that it occurs, on the average, once or less in 2 years (the chance of ponding is 5 to 50 percent in any year); and frequent that it occurs, on the average, more than once in 2 years (the chance of ponding is more than 50 percent in any year). Flooding is the temporary inundation of an area caused by overflowing streams, by runoff from adjacent slopes, or by tides. Water standing for short periods after rainfall or snowmelt is not considered flooding, and water standing in swamps and marshes is considered ponding rather than flooding. Duration and frequency are estimated. Duration is expressed as extremely brief if 0:1 hour to 4 hours, very brief if 4 hours to 2 days, brief if 2 to 7 days, long if 7 to 30 days, and very long if more than 30 days. Frequency is expressed as none, very rare, rare, occasional, frequent, and very frequent. None means that flooding is not probable; very rare that it is very unlikely but possible under extremely unusual weather conditions (the chance of flooding is less than 1 percent in any year); rare that it is unlikely but possible under unusual weather conditions (the chance of flooding is 1 to 5 percent in any year); occasional that it occurs infrequently under normal weather 33 Custom Soil Resource Report conditions (the chance of flooding is 5 to 50 percent in any year); frequent that it is likely to occur often under normal weather conditions (the chance of flooding is more than 50 percent in any year but is less than 50 percent in all months in any year); and very frequent that it is likely to occur very often under normal weather conditions (the chance of flooding is more than 50 percent in all months of any year). The information is based on evidence in the soil profile, namely thin strata of gravel, sand, silt, or clay deposited by floodwater; irregular decrease in organic matter content with increasing depth; and little or no horizon development. Also considered are local information about the extent and levels of flooding and the relation of each soil on the landscape to historic floods. Information orr the extent of flooding based on soil data is less specific than that provided by detailed engineering surveys that delineate flood-prone areas at specific flood frequency levels. 34 Custom Soii Resource Report Water Features-..Orange County, North Carolina Map unit symbol and soli Hydrologic Surtace Month Water table Ponding Flooding name group runoff Upper limit Lower limit .Surface depth Duration. Frequency Duration Frequency Ft Ft Ft Ch-Chewacla loam Chewacle C Very high January 0.5-2.0 >6.0 - - None Brief Frequent C Very high February 0.5-2.0 >6.0 - - None Brief Frequent C Very high March o,5-2.0 >6.0 - - None Brief Frequent C Very high April 1.0-2.7 >6.0 - - Nona Brief Frequent C Very high May 1.5-4.0 >6.0 - - None Bdef Frequent C Very high Juna 4.0-5.0 >6.0 - - None Brief Frequent C Very high Optober A.0-5.0 >6.0 - - None - - C Very high November.'. 1.0-2.7 >6.0 - - None .. , Brief Frequent C Very high December 0.5-2.0 >6.0 - - Noria - Brief Frequent GeC-Georgevllle slit Icam, 6 to 10 percent slopes Georgevllle B Medium Jan-Dec - - - - None - Hr6-Hemdon silt loam, 2 tc 6 percent slopes Hemdon B Low Jan-Dec - - - None - - Lg-Llgnum silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes Llgnum C Medium January 1.0-2.5 2,5-3.5 - - None - None C Medium February 1.0-2.5 2.5-3.6 - - None - None C Medium March 1.0-2.5 2.5-3.6 - - None - None C Medium April 1.0-2.5 2.5-3.5 - - None - None C Medium December 1.0-2.5 2.5-3.5 - None Nona 35 X11 American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). 2004. Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling. and testing. 24th edition. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2005. Standard classification of soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D2487-00. Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of wetlands and deep-water habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FWS/OBS-79/31. Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States. Federal Register. September 18, 2002. Hydric soils of the United States. Hurt, G.W., and L.M. Vasilas, editors. Version 6.0, 2006. Field indicators of hydric soils in the United States. National. Research Council. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and boundaries. Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual Soil Conservation Service. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 18. http://soils.usda.gov/ Soil Survey Staff.1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for making and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436. http://soils.usda.gov/ Soil Survey Staff. 2006. Keys to soil taxonomy. 10th edition. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. http://soils.usda.gov/ Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands Section. ' United States Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of Engineers wetlands delineation manual. Waterways Experiment Station Technical Report Y-87-1. United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. National forestry manual. http://soils.usda.gov/ United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. National range and pasture handbook. http:!/www.glti.nres.usda.gov! United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. National soil survey handbook, title 430-VI. http://soils.usda.gov/ United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2006. Land resource regions and major land resource areas of the United States, the Caribbean, and the Pacific Basin. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 296. / http:Nsoils.usda.gov/ 36 Custom Soil Resource Report United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1961. Land capability classification. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 210. 37 C r ~i~~r~v Michael M. Flughes, P.E. Civil Engineer March 9, 2009 Craig Benedict, Director of the Planning Department Reynolds Ivies, Erosion Control Supervisor Orange County, North Carolina 306F Revere Road PO Box 8181 Hillsborough, NC 27278 Cyndi Karoly, Supervisor NC DENR-DWQ Wetlands and Stormwater Branch 401 Oversight/Express Permitting Unit 1650 Mail Service Center Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1650 Re: Howell Property - Endan erg ed Regulated Wetlands Dear Craig, Reynolds, Cyndi and Jean: Jean Manuele, Field Office Chief US Army Corps of Engineers Raleigh Regulatory Field Office 3331 Heritage Trade Drive, Suite lOS Wake Forest, North Carolina 27587 It has come to the attention of our Bingham Township Community that the property owned by Dennis Howell, d.b.a. West S4, LLC, (PIN numbers 9739673056 and 9739645698) which is the proposed site for the Waste ~- Transfer Station (WTS), known.as Site 056 on Hwy_54 West rhas a vernal pond system which appears, along with its fringe wetlands-and•drainage area, of sufficient size.d;ecological importance to be protected under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act. Further, it would appear that the road that is currently being cut into the property from NC S4 will soon, if it does not already, encroach on the Federally protected wetlands. Attached are photographs of the vernal ponds taken on Saturday, March 7`~. The persons who took the photographs measured the length of the water surface at about 600 paces (approximately 1,500 feet). The width of the water surface was variable and appeared to be approximately 100 feet in some locations. There is a stream that connects one pond area to another; it was flowing at a good rate when the pictures were taken. I have also attached a map drawn from field observations. It is not a surveyed map but it is believed to consistent with the topography and observations. The stream flows southerly from the vernal ponds toward where the road is being cut in. The hydric soils and hydrophilic vegetation at the site, typical of the upland wetlands of the Piedmont, appear to extend far beyond the water surface because of the flat topography. An abundance of aquatic life was observed at the site including frogs, frog eggs, and salamander eggs as well as other wild life such as turkeys (the remains of a kill), bobcat scat, turtles, and deer and raccoon foot prints. We are bringing this to your attention so that you can issue a stop work order on the road construction and any other activity on the site until the appropriate Environmental Impact Analysis is performed, and the requisite permitting procedures are followed. Wa~r~m regards, i ~~~(/ f ~~~~ Michael M. Hughes, PE cc County Commissioners Orange County Voice 8112 Orange Grove Road Chapel Hill, NC 27S1G (919)929-872G C C: C. C C t ~~~~ ,_ ~. ~. ~ ~' _, _~......_ C _ y ~~~~~~~ Michae9 .Hughes, P.E. Civil Engineer February 26, 2009 Craig Benedict, Director of the Planning Department Orange County, North Carolina 306F Revere Road PO Box 8181 Hillsborough, NC 27278 Dear Craig: . It has come to the attention of our Bingham Township Community that Dennis Howell, d.b.a. West 54, LLC, is building a road into the proposed site for the Waste Transfer Station (WTS), known as Site 056 on Hwy S4 West. It would: appear to me that this may be in violation of several aspects of the Orange County Ordinance. The road has been cut in along the property line, leaving no buffer with the adjoining property, the road connection has not been permitted by NCDOT, and Mr. Howell does not have an approved subdivision plan. Attached is a copy of a letter from NCDOT denying a driveway permit application for Howell's project known as the Midway Subdivision. The letter was sent to Michael A. Neal, PE the engineer and applicant acting on behalf of Dennis Howell. Is it not a violation of the Ordinance to commence land clearing for a subdivision without prior approval of the subdivision plans? Would this not fall under the tree protection ordinance as well? ..'.. ::: .... ....vin ~~ ~, , It has been. my experience that a mayor dnveway_ (or roadway),:coimection for a use. such as the pro,~nsd WTS, with its associated trafficvoluines and slow moving trucks, would dictate a properly engineered intersection with Hwy S4, including; 1) a right turn lane into the site, 2) left turn lanes from both directions, 3) an adequate amount of vehicle storage in all the turn lanes, 4) at least 600' of tapered approaches in each direction (10 feet per MPH). to the beginning of the storage lanes, 4) an analysis of the storm water runoff from the new intersection, S) an erosion control plan that appropriately addresses the entire extent of the land disturbing activities to construct all of the required improvements, 6) buffer requirements with adjoining properties, and 7) an analysis of the impacts of the proposed driveway connection and improvements to the inbound and outbound traffic to/from Morrow Mill road and local businesses. It would seem to me that the erosion control permit does not include the full scope of land disturbing activity. Residents fear that Mr. Howell is using the WTS site to pursue commercial development that otherwise would not be permitted. Many believe that Mr. Howell may have a privileged status because the WTS site has been selected by the County Commissioners. Some even suspect that Mr. Howell has already received tacit approval for commercial zoning for in exchange for his cooperation, and the road cut has been allowed at this time to create apre-existing condition to be leveraged for zoning approval at a later time. As you know I have been in this business for many years and my clients have been consistently held to a higher standard than tills. Please advise at your earliest convenience about the County's position on this matter.. Warm regards, ~. ~~ Michael ivl. Hughes, PE cc County Commissioners, Chuck Edwards, PE NCDOT Orange County Voice • 8112 Orange Grove Road Chapel Hill, NC 27516 (919)929-8726 midway property.jpg (1705x2208x24b jpeg) aeasvvt„ ~~ ~+ '°ay.:..w''' STATE OF NORTH CAR©LINA DEPARTN~NT OF `I~;,ANSPORTATIC7N BEVERLY EAVES PERDUE EUGENE A. CONTI, JR. GOVERNOR SECRETARY January 27, 2009 ORANGE COUNTY Michael A. Neal • Michael A. Neal & Associates, PLLC 105 West Corbin St., Suite 201 Hillsborough, NC 27278 Subject: Driveway Permit -Midway Drive Located on NC S4 Dear Mr. Neai: Our office-has revaew+,~e-plans far, the Midway Drive private subdivision road. The puns ~.. "'" n~ _ .~~..__...~ ...: • y`~" •'°` - ~~ '~ provided shows instlffiCi~ siforniation to adequately review' far issuance of a Driveway Permit. 1 must. inform you that the proposed driveway access on NC 54 has been denied. Please find enclosed the Driveway Permit Application and the check in the amount of $50.00, Check # 1012. NCDOT Policy on Street and Driveway Access to North Carolina ~ghways Page 14, section A, General, paragraph 1 states that "All applications for PERMITS shall be accompanied by complete and detailed site plans. Prior to issuance of this Driveway Permit please provide detailed site plans indicating the land use and the internal layout of the proposed site. Please refer to the NCDOT Policy on Street and Driveway Access Page 14, .section B, .Site Plan, for information that mast be included in the complete and detailed site plans. Sincerely, ~ ~~[ ~ / C, N. Edwards, Jr., PE District Engineer Attaclunents _. CNE/DJ7 cc: J.M. Mills, PE, Division Engineer P. O. BOX 766 GRAHAM, NC 27253 i~. i - ~~~®~~~A~S®~~.~~5'~C. SOIL & ENVIR.OTIMENTAL SCIENTISTS • P.O. Box 400, 266 Old Coats Road Lillizigton, NC 27546-0400 Phone (9.10) 893-8743 /Fax (910} 893-3594 •&mail: service(a halowensoil.cam 7 Apri12009 Orange County Solid Waste Management Department r C/O Mr. Ernest Parker ;. Olver, Inc. 1135 Kildare Farm Road ..._ Cary, NC 27511 Reference: Wetland and Endangered Species Investigations Site U56 (West 54 LLC), Approximately 143 Acres Orange County, North Carolina Dear Mr. Parker, ' Hal Owen and Associates; Inc. has conducted an investigation for the subject property, . which is located on the northern side of Hwy S4, in the White Cross USGS topographic map . quadrangle of Orange County, North Carolina, The purpose of this investigation was to ~ ~ determine the existence and°extent of areas that are regulated under Section 404 of the Ciean - Water Act and to 'present ~-our findings on • a hand drawn: •map representing the approximate location and extent of each wetland area observed.• The purpose of the investigation was also to identify areas that contain the habitat needed to support known endangered or threatened plant or animal species. ~ ~. ~ ~ . • All wetland determinations and delineations were made in accordance with the 1987 US .....................Army Carps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual. All stream determinations were made in accordance with the NC Division of Water Quality "Identification Methods for the Origins of Intermittent and Perennial Streams Version 3.1". This report represents my'professional opinion as a Licensed Sail Scientist. but does not represent concurrence by the US Army Corps of Engineers or the NC Division of Water Quality. Wetland Ynvestigation Within the approximately 25 acre. area designated for construction of the transfer station, we identified two streams and three wetland areas (see attached map). Areas that met the criteria o~jurisdictional wetlands were delineated by hanging consecutively numbered (tagging along the wetland Boundary to be survey located. It appears that the two streams have been previously identified iz~ the• field with blue flagging, While at the site we collected supporting wetland determination data required by the US Army Carps of Engineers .in order to conduct a Jurisdictional Determination. We completed two sets of wetland determination• forms and three stream deternuna#ion forms and took photographs. Soil Science Investigations + Wetland Delineations, Permitting, and Consulting HAl • OWEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. It is strongly recommended that the delineated wetlands and streams be verified by the US Army Corps of Engineers. We would be happy to initiate aCorps-approved Jurisdictional Determination by preparing and submitting a package containing a map of the delineated wetlands and steams, processed copies of the wetland and stream data forms that were previously collected at the site, and ~ other supporting documents and maps. A site visit by a Corps representative will likely be required to review the delineation work. A wetland reconnaissance investigation was conducted for the remaining portion of the site. ~ The property boundaries were walked and several traverses were conducted across the interior of the subject site. Areas that appear to meet the criteria for jurisdictional wetlands or streams were observed and are approximately located on the attached map. It is encouraged that you use care and good judgment when working in or around wetland areas. Current environmental regulations require a permit for any activity that impacts wetlands, which include filling, draining, and mechanized land clearing of the wetland area. A permit application prior to construction typically must be submitted to both the Corps of Engineers and the Division of Water Quality if it is anticipated that wetland impacts will occur. The applicant is required to show that all measures have been taken to minimize and avoid wetland impacts. Unavoidable wetland impacts require mitigation and may include the creation of new wetlands, preservation of .existing wetlands, payment iota a wetland fund, or some 'combination. Additional. information about regulatory requirements and permitting can be provided at your ~~ request. Endangered Species Iamvestigation ...... _ • ..... • •• Plant and animal species with federal or state classifications of endangered or threatened status and occurring in the vicinity ofthe subject site were identified. As of 31 January 2008, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service listed four endangered species in Orange County, NC {see attached). However, none ofthese species is shown as occurring within the White Cross • Quadrangle by the North Carolina Natural Heritage Pragrarn (NC NHP). As of 9 January 2009, • the NC i+tHP• does list three species with state classifications of endangered or threatened status as occurring in Orange County and the White Cross Quadrangle. These species are the Brook Floater (Alasmfdonfa varicose)(federal species of concern, state endangered species), the Yellow L,ampmussel (Lampsilis cariosa)(federal species of.concern, state endangered species), and the Creeper Mussel (Strophitus undulatus)(no federal status, state threatened species). These three animals aze lotic species, (stream dwellers) and require specific stream characteristics for their survival. Based on our investigation, it appears that the streams at this site have potential to support only the Creeper Mussel. The Creeper Mussel distribution range includes the Cane Creek subbasin in Orange County; and its habitat preference ranges from headwater streams to large rivers and lakes, and substrates ranging from silt to gravel (see attached description). C .....---...... Sail Science Investigations + Wetland Delineations, Pernutting, and Consulting `.. . }. :, HAL OWEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. It appears unlikely that the streams at this site would support the Brook Floater or Yellow Lampmussei. Both of these species are described to have distribution ranges that include the • ~ Eno lZiver subbasin of Orange County (see attached description). •Their habitat preference appears to be medium to large, fast moving creeks with sandy substrates, although they can be . • ~ found in various other habitats. I appreciate the opportunity to provide this service and trust tha# you wiIl feel free to call ...-.. on ~ine again ~in #lie fiiture:~..If you have any questions or need additional information, please contact me at your convenience. Sincerely, . ... ~ ~ Krissina Newcomb • • ~ ~ Environmentat Scientist I Hal Owen • ~ •: Licensed Soil Scientist . Senior Environmental Scientist ~~~ :.......~-...-.-..-.-..... Soil Science Investigations •~Wetland Delineations, I'ermitting,.and Consulting C ~~. C ~,\ .fir, .~ Wetland Re.c.bnna~ssance. ~ran9e, C~pu~~'y Trans-~`er . ~i-~e. C75C~ I ~, . ~. APc~t _ aoo~.`I .. ~ . . .. ~~ -_.:.... _ I .. -:~-- --~ -.. _._.. . _. ... .. G ~' ~: C ~. C: ~' ~ Orange County.Endangered Species,'Ihreateued Speoies,Federal Speci... ~ hitp;!/www.fws.gov/ric-es/es/cntylist/orange.hlml . • Endangered Species, :7Cbreatened Species,~'ederal Species, of - Concern, and• Caridida~e Species, • . • . ~ ~ • ..~ • ~• .. f ~~. Orange County, North Carolina • . ~ - ..• ~ - ~ . ... .. . ~ ~ -~ .~ ' •~~ . Updated: O1-31-2008 • ~ '• • . Common Name ~ ' .~ Scieatific name Federal Record Status . '~• .' Sfatns . Vertebrate:. ' _ ~ American eel • •• Anguilla rostrata • • • ~ • . ~ FSC Current . . Bald eaa e • . • ~ . • • ~~ 73'aliaeetus.leucocephalus ~•. BGPA Currrent • ' . • Carolina .darter . Etheostoma Collis lepidinion FSC ~• • Current . Red-cockaded woodpecker Picaides borealis ~ E . .: ~ Historic . • • ~ Roanoke bass Am~'loplifes cavifrons FSC Current • Invertebrate: ~~ ~• •••~•~~ ~~~ Atlantic pigtoe _ Fusconaia masoni FSC - -Current Brook floater . Alasmidonta varicasa • FSC Current Dwarf wedgemussel • Alasmidonta heterodon E ~ Current . Cnreen floater ~ ' Lasmigona subviridis. FSC. Current . Savannah iiiliput ' • . Toxolasyna pullus - •FSC Current • Xellow lampmussei Lampsilis cariosa FSC Current - • - - - ----• -• -Vascular Plant: ' Butternut Juglans cinerea .FSC Historic • Creamy tick-trefoil Desmodium ochroleucum FSC Historic • Michaux's sumac Rhus michauxii ~ E Historic Smooth coneflower Echinacea laevigata E Historic Sweet pinesap • ' Monotropsis odorata FSC Current • -~ Torrey's Mountain-mint Pycnanthetrium torrei FSC - Current i Nonvascular Plant: \P Lichen: ~ „f~ a~~~~nn4 ~~•5; aM Orange County Endangered Species,•'ptueatened Species,Pederal Speci... http://www.fv/s.gov/nc-es/es/cntyli st/orange.html Definnions of Federal Status Codes: . E = endangered. A taxon "iii danger of extinction throughout •all. or-a significant portion of its range:" :'• T = threatened. A taxon "likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future -throughout all or a significant portion of•its range." ~ • • - C = candidate. A taxon under consideration for-official listing for which there is sufficient information to support listing. (Formerly "Cl"candidate species) -. BGPA =Bald and Golden Eagle Protections Act. See below. 1 ~ . FSC =federal species of concern. A species under consideration fox Listing, for which there is insufficient . ~ "..information to support listing at this time. These species may or may riot be listed iri the future, and many • •'of these species were formerly recognized as "C2" candidate species. - ~ T(S/A) =threatened due to similarity of appearance.'A taxon that is threatened due to similarity of •• _ __appearance with another listed species and is listed for its protection. Tara listed as T(S/A) are net ... FiologicaIly endangered-or threatened"and are not subject to Section Toonsultation.'See below. j EXP =experimental population. A. taxori Listed as experimental {either essential or.nonessential)~. .Experimental, nonessential populations of endangered species (e.g~;. red wolf}. are treated as threatened species on public •Iand,. for consultation purposes, and.as species proposed for listing on private~land. • P =proposed. Taxa.proposed for official listing as endangered or threatened will be noted as "PE" or ' ~ "PT",respectively. - ~. .~ , Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act {BGPA)': ~ ~ ~ • I ~ ~ •- In the July 9, 2007 Federal Register{.72:37346-37372), the bald-eagle was declared recovered, and removed. (de-listed) from the Federal List of Threatened and Endangered wildlife. This delisfiing took effect August 8,2007. After delisting, the Bald•and Golden Eagle Protection Act (Eagle Act) {16.U.S.C. 6~8-668d} becomes the primary law protecting bald eagles. The Eagle Act prohibits take of bald and . golden eagles and provides a statutory definition of "take"~ that includes "disturb". The USFWS has .: developed National'Bald Eagle Management Guidelines to provide guidance to land managers, . • landowners, and others as to how to avoid disturbing bald eagles. For mor information, visit • httn:/lwww.fws.Gov/mi~ratorvbirdslbaldea~le.htm ~ •` Threatened due to similarity of apnearance(T(S/A ~ In the November 4, 1997 ~FederalR.egister (55822-55825), ,fine northern population of the bog turtle (from ~' New York south to Maryland) was listed as T (threatened), and the southern. population (fram Virginia . south to Georgia} was listed as T{S/A} (threatened due to similarity'of appearance). The T(S/A) • ~ • ••- •• • • • desigaation•bans the_•rollegtio~and-intex~tate-and~Jntemational commercial trade of bog turtles fram the • southern population. The T(S/A) •designation has no effect on land management activities by private landowners in North Carolina, part of the southern population of the species. In addition to its official status a.s T(S/A), the U S. Fish and Wildlife Service considers the'southern population of the bog turtle as a Federal species of concern due to habitat loss. Definitions of Record Status: ~ ~ - Current -the. species has been observed in the county within the last SO years. _ Historic -the species was last observed in the county more than 50 years ago. Obscure -the date and/or location of observation is uncertain. IncidentaUznigrant -the species was observed outside of its normal range or habitat. Probable/potential -the species is considered likely to occur in this county based on the proximity of knows records {in adjacent counties), the presence of potentially suitabie habitat, or both. C C 2 oft 4/1/2009 10:53 AM NC NHP Quad Search NC NHP Quad Search Results http: // 149.168.1.196lnhp/quad.php • Returned .Elements: 12 using: WHETS CROSS [Animal Assemblage 1] [Invertebrate Animal 3] [Natural Community 4] [Vascular Plant 2j [Vertebrate Animal 2] • ~•••' ••'•"•'•" MaJarGroup Scientific Name Common Name •State FederaE State Global ' ~ Quad -Status MMan.- '7 Status Status Rank ~• Rank • Habikat •~ Animal Colonial Wading Bird Assemblage Cotany None None None S3 GNR White Cross-Current Link •lnuertebrate Alasmidanfa varicose :. Animal_... ...... Brook Floater ..................... E FSC S1 G3 White Cross-Current Link _____ Invertebrate l • • Lampsiiis cariosa A i Yetbw Lampmussel E FSC S9 G3G4 White Cross- Link . n ma hlis~rical Invertebrate Strophitus unduta#us ~• Animal Creeper T None S2 G5 White Cross-Current Link Natural Basic oak hickory forest • Community None • None None S3 G4 White Cross-Current Link • Natural Dry-mesic oak-hickory • Community forest None .None None S5 G5 White Crass-Qbscure Link • ~ ~ Natural Mesic mixed hardwood • Community forest (pfedriront subfype) . None . . None Nane S4 G5'r5 White Cross-Obscure trnk Natural Piedmont monadnock Community forest None None Nane S4 G5 White Cross-Current Link .,.. • ., Vascular Fitsmion bitematdm Pl t Eastern lsopyrum SR-P None S2 ~• White Cross- Link an Historical ~ i Vascular phacefia coviltei i ._ Plant • Buttercup Phacelia SR i- FSC ... . 53 . G3 White Cross-Current Link Vertebrate Carolina 17arter - Animal Etheosfoma colds pop. 2 Eastern Piedmont SC: FSC S2 • G373Q White Cross-Current Link Popula6an • Vertebrate Animal Vireo gilvus Warbling Vireo SR None S2B G5 White Cross-Current Link _ NC NHP database updated on: Friday, January 9th, 2009. •••~~•••~~-~~ •~ Sea~cti•performed on Wednesday;••1••April 2009 @ 10:49:27 EAST F~p(anatian of Codes 1 of 1 4/ 1!2009 10:51 A M C C ' ;;~ t ( North Carolina Nlvssel Atlas L _... i http://www.ncwildlife.org/pg07 WildlifeSpeciesCon/pg7blal_$.him ~~~~~~~rr~€~~~~ r~i!rt'~~•~'Ld~ Yi'•ILOtLEFE Spt:CfES 7t< ~{,1MSEB11~3431~t , brook floater Alasr»idonta varicosa (Lamarck, 1819) (exterior) Please Note: Red text is defined in the Glossary Description Lamarck described the brook floater in 18'19 from the Schuylkill River in Pennsylvania. This species ~~~~ has a fairly small, thin, rhomboidal shaped shell that rarely exceeds 70 mm ir4 length, 40' mm in .height; and 30 mm in width. The conspicuous posterior slope is broad and flat to slightly concave, with numerous short, law corrugations 'radiating toward'the posterior margin at right angles to the growth fines. The periostracum is yellowish or brownish with numerous dark green ar black rays. The nacre is glassy, bluish white and grades into a pale .orange in the umbo area: The hinge teeth are poorly developed. Each valve has one small thin, triangular pseudocardinal tooth and lateral teeth are lacking •or vestigial.- This species has a bright orange foot. ~ ._ •. Di tributian see ma -The braok•flaater is found in Atlantic Slope river basins from the Savannah River Basin in South Carolina north to the St•Lawrence River Basin in Canada. Et has.also been found in the Greenbrier River {Ohio River Basin} of West Virginia. It is considered more common in the northern part of its range. Distribution by County: Catawba River Sasin: Burke Ca. (Linville River, Warrior Fork, and Johns River subbasins}; Pee Dee River Basin: Surry Ca. (Mitcheil•River Subbasin}, Randoipfi Co. (Caraway Cr. and Little River subbasins), Montgomery Ca. (Lithe River and~~Barnes Cr. Subbasins); Cape Fear River Basin:.Moore. Ca. (beep River), Chatham Co. (Rocky River ~Subbasin); Neuse River Basin: Orange Ca: (Eno River Subbasin) NOTE: Alt headwater areas thaf flow info these occupied habitats should receive specie! management: Habitat Preferences ' • This species inhabits medium size streams and rivers. It prefers ~~~~~~ ~ • ~• • ~ clean, swift uvaters with stable gravel, or sand and gravel substrates. However, individuals found near•the mouth of the Linville River in North Carolina were observed in sandy/silty substrate in cracks between ' boulders along a steep bank,, in 1 to 3 feet of water and relatively ' slow current. [.ife History . The brook floater is a bradytictic breeder. Gravid females have been found from August through May. Ident~ed fish~hosts include blacknose dace, golden shiner; longnose dace, margined madtom, pumpkinseed, slimy sculpin'and yellow perch (Shultz and Marbain 1998) • ~ (interior) ' .... . . , .solinaMussel Atlas htip:/lwww.ncwildlli'e.or~pg07_WildlifeSpeciesConlpg7b 1 al~lS,br, '~~~e s~~ ~ ~~~uA~ ~_ (inferior) Please Note: Red text is detlned in the G/ossarv Description Say described this species in 1817 from the ~D Schuylkill River in Pennsylvania. The periostracum ~~~ is srriaoth,~shiny, and usually yellow wifh same - brawnishfreckling or patches on same surface areas. Rays may be present -usually on the posterior slope but rarely may extend toward the anterior end, resulting in over half the shell being rayed. Females are obovate or subovate resulting in a rather short high shape. Males are elongate and elliptical. Shells may reach 130 mm in length (Johnson 1970). The nacre is usually white to bluish white. Britton and Fuller (1979) and Fuller and Bereza {1974) add that a distinguishing characteristic of female.yellow lampmussels is the- development of the mantle, anterior to a .larger darkly •pigmented "eyespot," into a strongly developed fiap•of tissue on each mantle tabs. Also, the ventral margin of the marsupium is darkly pigmented (Britton and Fuller 1979). -. Distribution see a~ The~ye8aw lampmussel is found from the lower Ottawa River, Canada eastward to the Sydney River, Nova Scotia then south to the Ogeechee River Drainage Basin in Georgia {Johnson 1970). At one time this species probably ranged throughout most of the Atlantic Slope drainages in North Garalina; however, historical.records provided by Johnson {1970) come from the Cooper-Santee, Waccamaw, Cape Fear, neuse, Pamlico, and Chowan drainages: tt appears'that this species has been recently extirpated from the Black River in Sampson, Bladen, and Pender counties and from Ruin Creek n.Vance Courtly. • ,„r~-. yellow tarnpinussei-~L:am. psilis carrosa (Say, ~I$17) Distribution by. County: Pee-pee River Basin: Montgomery Co. (Little River Basin). Waccamaw River. Basin: Columbus Co. (Lake Waccamaw). Cape'Fear River Basin: Randolph Co. (Deep River); Moore (Deep River); Chatham (Deep River}; Lee Co: (Deep River); Harnett Co. (Cape Fear River); Cumberland counties (Cape Fear River). Neese River Basin: Peron Ca. (Flat River Subbasin), Durham Co. (Flat and Little river subbasins), Orange Co. (Eno River Subbasin}, Johnston Co: (Little River Subbasin). Tar River Basin: Granville Co. (Tar River Subbasin), Franklin Co. (Sandy Cr. Subbasin and Tar River}, Nash Co. (Swift and Fishing creeksubbasins and Tar River}, Edgecombe Co. {Fishing Cr. Subbasiri and Tar River), Natifax Co. (L. Fishing and Fishing creek subbasins). NOTE.•~Alf headwater areas That flow into these occupied haBitats should receive special managemenf. I-iabitat Preferences C C . (exterior) ................ . ' ( , Ndrth Carolina Mussel Af1as ... •T .. .y i http://www.ncwildlife,argfpg07_Wildlife5pecies~on/pg7blal_l5.htir The yellow lampmussel can be found in marry different habitats; however, it appears to slightly prefer the shifting.sand~ downstream from. large boulders in relatively fast flowing, medium sized r.'nrers and . medium to large creeks. . Life History ' ' ~ .This species is considered to be bradytictic (Orfmann 1919, Alderman 1968}; The alewife cir another migratory fish has been suggested as . the host 1"ish~for the yellow lampmussel (Johnson 1947)'. This may be true for some.populations of this mussel species; buE there must also be freslivuater host(s), since this species can be found in isolated _..~ creeks and, rivers in North Carolina. _ . Return to Tap of Page Return to Species List Return to Mussel Atlas home oaae ( . North Carolina Mussel Atlas i http://www.ncwildlife.orgf pg07_WildlifeSpeciesCon/pg7blal 20.h4m ~~~~~~~ ~~~t~ic~~ a;~~ ~~r~~ w'«Q~~ ~~~~ 1~ ~~s~-v~~~ • .~ •~~~~~~ ~~ ~~~~ , ~ creeper Strophitus•~crndulatus {Say, 1817) T .~. I (interior) Please Note: Red text is. defined in fhe Glossanr Description Shells of the creeper tend to~Eie rather ftiin and ~~~ fragile. Specimens may reach over 100 mm in length in North~Carolina. The periostracum is . generaAy srnooth~and shiny. The color may range from yellowish to dark brown. Green rays may extend over the entire surface of the sheq. The anterior end is rounded and the posterior end is rounded except a straight margin niay exist near the terminus of the posterior ridge: The dorsal margin is straight with fhe umbos extending above this margin. Ttie ventral margin is irregularly rounded. Growth rests are clearly evident when the shetE is held toward a bright light. The pasfierior slope tends to be roughened even on sheik tending to be smooth. Lateral teeth are absent and the pseudocardjnal teeth are vestigial in each valve: The nacre #ends to be iridescent and ranges in color from gray to blue. The nacre may be extensively colored salmon. Distribution see trio The range of the creeper includes both the Atlantic Slope and the Interior Basin. It is found through the Mississippi and Ohio drainages from Central Texas to Lake Winnipeg, Canada. In the Atlantic Slope it occurs from the Savannah River in South Carolina to the St. Lawrence River in Canada (Johnson 1970). Distribution by County: French Broad River Basin: Transylvania Co. (Little River Subbasin, French Broad River), Henderson Co. (Gone Craek Subbasin, French Broad River}, BuncombeCo. (t=rench Broad River}.• Broad. River Basin: Polk Co. (Green River). •Pee Dee River Basin: Union~Co. (Goose Gr. Subbasin), Stanly Co. (Bear Cr. Subbasin), Montgorriery Co. (Barnes and Densons creek subbasins, Little River Subbasin), Raridoiph Ca. (Caraway Cr. Subbasin). Cape Fear River:Basin: Moore Ca: (peep River Subbasin), Chatham Co. (Rocky River Subbasin, Buckhorn Cr. Subbasin}, Alamance Co. (Stinking Quarter Cr. Subbasin), Orange Co. (Cane Gr.• Subbasin). Neuse River Basin: Orange Co. (Eno and Little river~subbasins), Person Go. (Flat River.Subbasin), Durham Co. (FEafi and Little river subbasins), Wake Co. {Crabtree, Swift, and Middle creek subbasins}, Johnston Co. (Midd{e and Swift creek subbasins, Little River Subbasin)', Nash Co. {Moccasin and Turkey creek subbasins), Wilson Co. (Moccasin, Turkey, and Contentnea'creek subbasins), Jones Ca. {Trent River Subbasin). Tar River• Basin: Person Co. (Tar River Subbasin), Granville Co. (Shelton and Cub creek subbasins, and Tar River Subbasin), Vance Ca..(Ruin and Tabbs creek subbasins), Franklin Co. (Sandy, Fox, and Croaked creek subbasins), Nash Co. (Stony and Swift creek subbasins, Tar River Subbasin), Warren Co. {exterior} North Carolina Mussel Atlas 7 :4 hup://www.ncwildlife.or~pg07 WildlzfeSpeoiesCan/pg7blal 20.h(tm \. {Fishing and L. Fshing' creek subbasins}; Halifax Co. {L. Fishing Cr Subbasin). Roanoke River Basin; Person Co. (Mayo Cr. Subbasin) Caswell Co.' (Country Line Creek Siabbasin), Granville Co. (Aarons Cr. Subbasin). NOTE: All headwater areas that flow•into these occupied habitats should receive special management. • Habitat-Areferences. This species has been taken from silt; .sand, gravel, and mixed substrates. Throughout ifs range it has been found~from headwater streams to large rivers and lakes to a depth of 4 meters (Gordon~and Layzer 1989). This species is~a tong termbrooder with gravid females being found throughout the year.(Gordon and Layzer 1989). Hermaphroditic creepers have occasionally been found (van der Schaiie.1970). Ellis and.ifeim {'1998) jdentified~the green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus) as one fish host, and. Baker {1928) identified the creek chub (Semotilus afrorriaculafus) and the largemouth bass {IvTicropterus salmoides) as other fish hosts. . ..Return to Top of Page Return.to Species List Return to Mussel Atlas home page C C ~~~ r i i 1 1 I ~ ; , ` ~' ~~ ~~ ~~ ! ~ I ~~, ~,, t ~~~~ ~ t l I i 4 ''~ f r r ~ ` i ,: i `~ I ~ ; El ,. 1 /~ f` 1 r1 .; ; ~ r '~ ~ ~ ~ ~ , r i' ~ 1 ~ . .. , ~~ ~~, l i ~~y~ t j c~~Ii Il i t \. ti ` ` ~ t ` / i /1 ~' ~' r ,EMPLOYE ws ~ , ~~~t, ~ ~ ~``...1r. !% ~ I j ~~ J PARgNOi i r _. t ~ ~r f % f ~ ~ t ~ ~ r~ / i 1 ! ~ ~~ ~1 ~~ `~ ~ `t ~, t j ...~ ~~ l ' ~ 'rttaLER .,, 1 I i t s i l~~ 'i ti ,,'' 1 ,~ ~' STORAGE. i ~` 1 f x i ~ r i ! t ~ I ' ! 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'~ - _ `t `` ~ - NC 54 - ... _. ~~I ~~ it 1~1 i ~ 1 i ~ !"--....-„ >r'r ~ ~ ~ ~ ,,,, f ~~~ ~~ r i i ~ ~ A ~\ ~'' .- ~ ~ . r j ~~ 1 r ~.~ ~~ ,~' ` ~' i 1 I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~, ~r ~.._ r ~ J r ~~ ~ ~ ~~~~ ~ r~'~~~ ~ f~ r~ rJ ~ I I I i' ~ ~ ti'1t /~ r i r r 1 i , ! 1~ ~ t , ~ ~ ~~''~ I , ~ i i II ~'~ `~~ ~ t ~'~~~~~~, ~~ ,fir`` ~, • ~ ~ i ~~ ~ ~ t I ~ 1 '•~ ~ ' , ~ '~,~ `~ f ', ' ,, )I ~ ~ ,~t'~~\1 ~ I i 111 ,.'...~....-..~ ~ ~ ,~ ` V ~l ` * ` .... I ~ l rr ` ! ~~ ! ~ ~ ~ I j ,i ~y ~_,~-.. 1 I /( r J r ``^ ~. ''. ,~, ~ ,~ r j ~ __.____~ ii ~ _~~1 --..... `~ .. ~ 1 NOTES; 1. POTENTIAL WETLANDS AREA DELINEATION AS DETERMINED FROM THE WETLANDS AND ENDANGERED SPEgES INVESDGATION PERFORMED BY HAL OWEN dt ASSOCIATES, INC. pATED 4/7/2009. 2ALL WETLANDS BOUNDARIES AAE APPRO%IMATE ANO WILL BE SUBMITTED FOR US ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS RENEW;AND CERTIFICATION, PRELIMINARY APRIL 15, 2009 __ ~ OLVER INCORPORATED RCS i'=200' ORANGE COUNTY NC sheet No,: ~ ~ ~ Consultants and Environr~ental En ineers Designed; Scnle: , PROPOSED TRANSFER STATION ~ . g . a,,_ DrnWrr JMD Job No,~ 20151 ~ ~~~ RCS WEST 5 LL 11351tiLRAiRE FARM ROAD, SUITE 20D ~ Checked: Dnte~ APRIL 2009 4 C (056) SITE '~,~ GARY, NORTN CAROLINA 27517 t919) 657-0232 SITE PLAN Rev. Description Dnte Hy Fite Nnne: ky„~,yu~,~,~.~ ~ - _ I~ ~ ~ POTENTIAL WETLAND AREAS ~~ WETLANDS BUFFER ~ r DISTURBED AREA - - - - , ~ ~ '' ~~ PRE~NTED IN EA PROPERtt BOUNDARY - - - - I `' , l ~. ' ~ _.. -----~, } r': ! 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'-'' ,c~ ~c~ ar " ?Y's~ _- "a, w~` r'n s: ' •'K'~a- til„ '`~,; ' t - n:a ~: ° ~ _ - ~ ~ _ • LL ~ ~ ~, C ~~ ~ r C V T~ T 9~S 1 A~ TRANSFER, HAUL, & DISPOSAL EVALUATION APRIL 16, 2009 Prepared for: Orange County, North Carolina ---~;~\ ~~ ~. Orange County PO Box 17177 Chapel Hill, NC 27516-7177 Prepared by: '4~ j~ Olver Incorporated OLVER 8720 Red Oak Boulevard, Suite 505 Charlotte, NC 28217 INCORPORATED Project Number zoo 5~ TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1.0 INVESTIGATIVE APPROACH .....................................................................................1 1.1 Option 1 -Direct Hauling to Out-of-County Transfer Stations .:....................................1 1.2 Option 2 -New Transfer Station Development at Site 056 .......................................... 2 2.0 RESULTS OF THE ANALYSES ..................................................................................3 3.0 OBSERVATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS .....................................................................6 4.0 LIST OF EXHIBITS .........................................:............................................................7 ~. l7 52 '''~~n ~.~o`°' l Apri[ 16, 2009 1.® IBdVES'~'IGA7'!VE APPR®/~~ The investigation considered the following two primary courses of action: ^ Direct haul municipal solid waste (MSW) from collection routes to out-of-county transfer stations and to pay their tipping fees, which include facility operations, long-hauling to a landfill, and landfill disposal costs; ^ Build and operate a new transfer station at potential Site 056 (West 54 LLC property), haul the MSW to a regional landfill, and pay the landfill tipping fee. Within each course of action, there are options that have been analyzed. The analysis of each option includes the costs of getting MSW from the collection route to disposal in a regional landfill. 1.1 Option 1 -Direct Hauling to Out-of-County Transfer Stations ^ Costs were estimated for each jurisdiction based on: • Actual collection vehicle type; • Actual crew size and salaries; t' , • . Estimated vehicle maintenance and replacement schedules; • Estimated hauling mileage and speeds (sample routes were actually driven to test for accuracy); and • Actual frequency of trips to the transfer stations based on weekly averages. ^ Each jurisdiction (towns and the County) provided actual operating data and assumptions to use, and reviewed the resulting analyses for accuracy. ^ Out-of-county transfer stations evaluated are owned by the City of Durham and Waste Industries (WI), both located in Durham County. A transfer station owned by Waste Management ('WM), located in Wake County, was not included in the cost analyses because of its proximity to the WI facility (WM costs would be slightly higher). The WM facility was included in the interviews and site visits. ^ Owners/operators of the out-of-county transfer stations .were interviewed regarding five areas: • Facility capacity; • Times of operations; • Operational details (e.g. acceptable waste, environmental controls, etc.); • Local restrictions; and 1 April 16, 2009 ® Contracting terms. ^ The level of compensation for employees of the operating companies of the out-of-county transfer stations was not defined. Therefore, no comparison was made to Orange County's Living Wage. ^ North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR) files for the out-of-county transfer stations were reviewed for permit requirements, inspection reports, and facility problems. ^ Each out-of-county facility was toured by Olver staff. ^ Gate rates at the transfer stations were used in the analyses. Durham officials stated they would not provide a preferential rate for Orange County. Waste Industries stated their gate rate "had little room" for preferential reductions. Waste Management stated that they would be willing to consider preferential rates, but their current gate rate is approximately 10 percent higher than the other two facilities, so Durham and WI gate rates were used. 1.2 Option 2 -New 'Transfer Station Development at Site 056 ^ Construction costs were updated based on site conditions and assumptions providing comparable in-county services to the out-of-county services (strictly transferring MSW to disposal). ^ Capital and operating costs were based on recent bids, preliminary facility layout, and County operating experience. Contingencies of 1 S to 20 percent were added to all costs. ^ Design assumptions retained state-of--the-art features (e.g., fully enclosed building, sized for 20-year growth, etc.). ^ It was assumed that 2S acres of land would be allocated to the transfer station. This provides for significant buffer from the rest of the parcel (122 acres) and is less than 20 percent of the total parcel. ^ Land costs allocated to the transfer station were assumed to be $15,000 per acre. This equates to more than one-third of the appraised value of the total parcel (147 acres) being allocated to the transfer station costs. ^ All personnel compensations were based on Orange County pay classifications. ^ Analyses assumed all new equipment, including backup, for facilities. ^ The disposal site assumed for the analyses was the Waste Industries Landfill in Sampson County. It has a typical landfill operation and is currently the closest regional landfill. The actual disposal facility would be procured competitively. C C 2 Apri116, 2009 ^ The South Wake Landfill, owned by Wake County, was included in some analyses as an example after correspondence with Wake County officials revealed that a regional partnership may become an option in the near to mid-term future. ^ Landfill disposal fees were based on recent bids and gate rates. In addition to the transfer station option located at Site 056, an analysis was performed using Eubanks Road as a reference. Eubanks Road is not assumed to be a candidate for a transfer station. However, it can be used as a reference for comparing the realistic options. Results of the analyses generally show that either option can be implemented. However, each option poses serious considerations that should be addressed. Results are summarized below: ^ The out-of-county transfer stations and the landfills that they use are presently permitted to accept Orange County MSW. ^ All out-of-county transfer station owners/operators indicated they are willing to contract for MSW from Orange County jurisdictions. ^ WI and WM operations have capacity in their transfer stations for the foreseeable future. ^ The City of Durham estimates that it has capacity in its transfer station for only the next two to three years unless it expands the current facility or sites a new one. ^ WM and the City of Durham utilize regional landfills through contracts with WI and Republic, respectively. ^ Waste Industries utilizes their own regional landfill. ^ No facility has significant violations from state or local enforcement agencies. ^ Specific contracting and/or operating considerations would be required for most juris- dictions to meet out-of-county transfer station operating hours, holidays, and weekend operations (i.e., contract requirements for staying open on weekends and staying open later than 4:00 or 4:30 p.m. for special events, etc.). ^ Direct hauling of MSW to out-of-county transfer stations would result in operational higher risks, higher vehicle emissions, and higher costs for all jurisdictions except the Town of Hillsborough. In addition to the analysis of currently-available transfer stations and landfills, Olver investigated the potential for partnering with surrounding jurisdictions for short- or long-term disposal services. 3 April 16, 2009 ~" .. - t _._.~- .. .. ... , ,, .,- k __._ ., __ 7 ~ ` ' r.' ' i~ l~ E e~ f~~'P~~~I~t+ ~ ! N"~~~' l~~.P_ '-~~ Q ®( ~-~IP~ ®®R!J_•_~~ ~~~~~~~"~~~ Chatham and Wake Counties provided examples that may show some promise for developing a new regional solution that is not yet available. Chatham County has recently completed a solid waste disposal feasibility study in an effort to find a reasonable solution to its long-term disposal needs. One solution that was identified as having some benefits is partnering with other jurisdictions in a regional landfill. In addition, recent communications with Wake County representatives revealed that Wake County is working to evaluate options to maximize the revenue potential for its South Wake Landfill, while still preserving the 25-year planned life of the landfill. Wake has stated that the range of revenue generating options will include, but not be limited to, modifying the schedule of rates, fees, and charges to capture difficult-to-handle wastes; increasing the solid waste compaction rate; modifying the configuration and profile of the landfill; accepting special wastes at a different gate rate; and accepting MSW from outside of Wake County such as from Orange County. While there are a number of issues that must be resolved before use of the South Wake Landfill can be confirmed, the potential of working with Wake and/or Chatham Counties are examples of the range of opportunities that might present themselves in the future. These and similar options would not be available if the County did not have a transfer station that is locally sited and controlled. The use of the South Wake Landfill was included in the analyses to illustrate the potential benefit that may be available to Orange County if it retains control over its waste management practices. Figure 1 illustrates the total costs for each option to handle the same amount of MSW that is currently landfilled by the County -escalated for growth. C, 4 Apri116, 2009 TOTAL COST- OFF-ROUTE, TRANSFER, LONG-HAUL & DISPOSAL Sto,ooo -+Q-WI/WMTransfer5tations -m-Durham Transfer Station -i=}-West54Sampson County -e-Eubanks Reference-Sampson County Ssaoo -b..West54-South Wake -e-Eubanks Reference-South Wake 5s,oao 57,000 _. ~~„®_. 56000 ___..______..~_.~.,...,.......____.__...__.._._-___-...,.-.~~..__.__ g _.~-_,.._~... _ ... _ ._.______~. $60W 54,000 .__..._... n __.. .. _._ ... ... .... .. .... ... ...... ... .............. .... _.._.... 53,000 $2,000 51.000 3 2 3 4 6 6 7 8 9 30 11 12 13 34 35 I6 37 ie i9 20 YEAR Figure 1 Relative risks were considered and compared to current risks of using the Eubanks Road Landfill. Table 1 provides a summary. TABLE 1 Relative Risks of Off-Route Hauling ~. ~ '~ 4. ~ ~ P ~ ~ Traffic Jams/Accidents Low Med High High Off-Route Breakdowns Low Med High High Road Construction Low Med High High Poor Customer Service Low Med High High Increased Open Dumping Low Med High High School Bushes Med High Low Low ^ Reduced flexibility to utilize alternative long-term disposal options ^ Less influence on the disposal site operations to ensure environmental protection and community health and safety ^ Reduced ability to take advantage of improved disposal costs at alternate locations ^ Lost opportunities for improved recycling at the transfer station ^ Loss of economic benefits from having local employees 5 Apri116, 2009 r- , } -- -~- -~ ~-~ ° _,,,~.~ ~~ _ r. ,, ~ __ ~'! ~._ ~ ~ _: ~.~~ ~ ~~"~t , ~~ `~ far s ~e~,®®~"--~~ ~ I ~ : ® - ~ ~ ~ 7 _ r + Table 2 provides estimates of air emissions that would result from primary collection vehicles of the County and towns traveling off-route to each transfer station option. Emissions are in addition to emissions traveling to the Eubanks Landfill. ® Both the option to utilize out-of-county transfer stations and the option to develop a new ~, County transfer station are viable options. ® The least costly out-of-county transfer station (City of Durham's} is unlikely to be able to provide capacity for more than a year or two unless the facility is expanded or relocated. ® If a long-term alternative to landfilling can be developed in Orange County before the County could recoup the cost of building a transfer station (the "break-even point"), then developing a new transfer station is not the best option. ® Based on the fmdings of the Investigation of Long-Term Waste Management Alternatives, (see that report for details), it is not likely that along-term alternative to landfilling can be developed before the break-even point of any transfer station option. See Table 3. ® The most promising long-term alternative to landfilling that does not require a new County transfer station would be a regional waste-to-energy facility, located near the center of Orange County, that would import 500 to 1000 tons per day of MSW from surrounding communities, and that would be developed in partnership with the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. ® Any long-term alternative to landfilling will have a significantly higher cost than landfilling. 6 Apri116, 2009 yz r ' ~~. `a4.` A ~ ^ Developing a new County transfer station is the least costly option over a 20-year planning horizon. See Table 3. iles to Landfill -1 way TABLE 3 Comparison of Transfer Station Options' ~. ~~ ~~ 104 31 104 31 ~ N/A ~ NIA TS Site Acres/$ per Ac. 0 0 25/$15K 25/$15K N/A N/A Capital - $Million $4,093,000 $4,093,000 $4,771,000 $4,771,000 N/A N/A Facility Operations -First Yr. z _ $816,500 $816,500 $887,200 $887,200 NIA NIA Haul to Landfill -First Yr. $927,500 $411,500 $927,500 $411,500 Included Included Land611TipFee-First Yr. $1,221,000 $1,710,000 $1,221,000 $1,710,000 Included Included Off-Route Cost- First Yr. $451,300 $451,300 $648,500 $648,500 $1,036,100 $962,700 Total Cost - First Yr. $ITon $60 $59 $65 $64 $64 $62 20-Yr Net Present Value $52,905,000 $45,484,000 $57,029,000 $49,607,000 $65,831,000 $63,382,000 Break Even Point3 Yr 8 Yr 6 Yr 11 Yr 8 N/A N/A For handling the equivalent amount of MSW that is currently landfilled at Eubanks Road Landfill, escalated for growth. 2lncludes Full Operating costs. (i.e., land, engineering permitting, construction, equipment, labor, operations, etc.) 3The number of years it would take to recoup the costs of building the County transfer station. ^ Exhibit No. 1-Economic Evaluation This document is available at http://~~nvw/olver.con~/orangecouniy 7 April 16, 2009 C f=+ ~ !1' L~ U ~a a4 / 9 L ~r 9 ~,. ORANGE COUNTY TRANSFEWHAULIDISPOSALALTERNATNESEVALUATION ANNUAL COST SUMMARY _ ~ s 2009 : 2010 ', 2011 20}2 2013 2014 2015 2016 _. ~ 2017 2018 ~~2019~ ~ 2010 ' 2021 ~ ' 2022 2023 2024 2025 ~ 2026 2027 Y028 .yFGR :THA.UL~OFFROUTE)TD4NNJM7AANSFERSiA11ON .. : ~ .. , ~ _ - ` . ~ :. :. _ .. __ __. _.. . : . ; i rxn al Chapel H91 lden0al R S 231,999 $ 243,721 S 258,035 $ 288,971 $ 282,561 S 288,837 $ 311,835 $ 327,581 $ 344,142 $ 361,530 $ 379,796 S 528 S 56 388,985 $ 164437 S 418,144 $ 172745 E 440,321 S 181 473 462,589 $ 19064 485,940 $ 20f1 5 510,492 $ 210.393 536,285 $ 2 023 $ 563,380 S 232190 S 591,846 $ 243822 ~ es Come a S 95,618 S 100.447 ~ 105522 ~ 110853 ~ 116454 ~ 122.338 E 128519 ~ 135 p12 1418 S 149.000 E . 1 . 6 1 794 308 S 885 S 757 214 $ 720 211 S 686 653 795 571 $ 835,767 S 615 8 $ 327 344,168 $ 361,557 $ 319,824 $ 399,015 $ 419,175 $ 440,354 5 462,603 S 485,876 E 510,530 $ 536,324 S 563,422 E 581,889 S , $ 2 , , , , , Total Cosl , Town of Cerr6cro 320 $ E 48 50,761 $ 53,326 $ 58,020 $ 58,851 S 81,824 $ 64,848 S 68,229 $ 71,676 $ 75298 E 79,102 $ 83,099 $ 87,298 S 8 $ 91,708 S 83 851 S 96,342 $ O88 S BB 101,210 $ 538 $ 92 106,323 E 97214 S 111,695 $ 102 126 S 117,339 S 107286 $ 123,267 $ 112,706 3 Residen9al Commercial , E 44,180 $ 46,412 $ 48,757 S 51,221 $ 53809 S 56,527 S 59,383 E 62,384 S 65,538 $ 68,847 S 72,325 S 428 $ 151 75,980 S 159 079 S 79,81 167 116 $ , 560 $ 175 , 430 S 184 , 193,748 S 203,537 S , 213,821 S 224,624 E 235,973 $ 500 S S 92 87,173 $ 102,083 5 107,241 $ 112,659 S 118,351 $ 124,331 E 130,613 $ 137,212 $ 144,145 S , , , , , Total Cosl , Town atMllshorough ide tlal R S 25,466 8 26,753 $ 28,105 S 28,625 S 31,016 S 32,584 $ 34,230 S 35,969 $ 37,778 $ 39,685 S 41,680 E S 43,786 S 34 138 S 46,008 8 880 5 35 48,334 5 37 872 S 50,776 S 576 S 39 53,341 $ 575 S 41 58,036 S 43,678 S 58,867 S 45,882 S 81,842 $ 4B 01 S 64,966 S 50,636 S es n Commardal $ 19,849 $ 20,852 E 21,905 S 23,012 S 24,176 S 25,396 $ 28,879 S 28,027 8 29,443 S 67 220 $ 30,031 S 70 616 S 32,484. 184 S 74 . 932 S 77 , 81 869 $ , 006 S 86 , 90,351 S , 94,916 $ 99,712 S 104,750 $ 110,042 S 115,602 S 315 $ S 45 47,605 $ 50,010 S 52,537 $ 55,191 S 57,980 $ 60,909 $ 63,967 3 , , , , , , TotelCOSI , Orange Courdy SWM Dept hCl E 3,040 S 3,194 $ 3,355 $ 3,525 $ 3,703 E 3,890 $ 4,086 $ 4,293 $ 4,510 $ 4,737 $ 4,811 S 5,7.28 $ 5,492 $ 547 281 $ 5,770 S 911 $ 5!4 6,061 S 603 858 S 6,368 $ 634 874 $ 6,689E 868 530E 7,027 $ 700 207 S 7,382 S 736,586 S 7,755 $ 772,750 $ eenup Tms Conv. Cenlera E 302,913 S 318,218 $ 334,296 S 351,188 S 10 517 388,928 S 048 S 11 387,570 $ 11606 ~ 407,151 S 193 E 12 427,723 $ 12809 S 448,334 $ 13.456 S 472,036 $ 14.136 8 495,886 $ 14,850 $ 520,940 S 15.60U ~ , , , , , , 16,389 $.~.Z,?1I BBB S 19,000 ~ 19.960 20968 ,4_ 22.028 $._23~,~, $_ C&D ends ~ 8071 S . §,~ 9528 S 10011 E 227 S 681 S 365 941 $ 347 330 . 383 680 S , 066 S 423,430 $ 444,824 $ 467,298 $ 490,908 S 515,713 $ 403 541,769 $ 569,142 $ 597,898 $ 628,106 S 658,841 E 693,180 E 728,203 E 764,985 S 803,647 $ TolelCost 5 315,024 $ , , , , , OtlrerHaulers (Private, Instlhrtlonai, etc,) 158388 E 166 369 S 174775 S 183805 $ 182,882 $ 202,627 S 212,865 $ 223,620 S 234,919 E 248,788 S 25g,2b7 S 212,356 E 288,118 $ 300,572 S 315759 S 331,713 $ 348472 S 366,079 S 384,515 $ 404,008 _ ToleiCOSI(Pmrstedavemgecfeli)udsdlc8ons) S , 6t 9 822 $ S 838 256 $ 988 036,086 $ 1 1,088,435 $ 1,143,428 $ 1,201,188 $ 1,281,BW S 1,325,647 $ 1,392,825 E 1,482,988 $ 1,638,906 $ 1,614,557 $ 1,698,133 S 1,781,830 S 1,871,857 $ 1,988,432 $ 2,065,788 S 2,170,160 S 2,279,808 $ 2,398,995 S 2 a an Tota1O9RouteCOSis-WVWMTranefer , , , ,,,.,•~ . (' , ,- r, :;+ ~`~ ,, ...,, ,,. ~:- . ., :' . " :- '::,~ .. ,._~D~owu.OfFROUTE CDSTS.~IN ADOITIONTO CURRENTOFF;ROUTE CDBTTO EUDANi(8 ;:- ~ . , ... ......;. .. ~. »,u,w .~ ,,.. ,: . .~ b. :~ ..... . ,~.-, _ . , town of Chapel HIB B 238 $ $ 79 82,423 $ 85,734 S 89,118 S 82,761 $ 96,488 S 1,384. E 104,3 S 108,581 S 112,953 S' 117,491 $ ' 122,211 E 127,121 $ 132,228 E 342 043 S 137,540 $ 381 424 $ 143,066 S 381 888 $ 148,814 S 403 433 S 154,782 $ 426 178 $ 161,011 $ 450,168E 167,480 $ 475,468 $ on Hlghvsy54TmnsferSle DurhemTmnsfer8ta9an , S 165,540 $ 175,182 E 186,321 S 186,046 $ 207,386 S 219,315 S 231,928 $ 6 248,238 S 302 491 S 269,287 $ 318 432 S 274,111 S 337 295 S' 289,754 $ 368 128 S 308,256 S 376 888 S 323,812 S 386 925 $ , 418,997 S , 442,268 $ , 468,795 $ , 492,650 $ , 519,804 E 548,629 S 578,904 S Vr11WMTmnsferSl69an E 206,088 $ 217,751 $ 23Q087 S 243,052 $ 258,748 5 271,193 S 288,42 S , , , , , , Town of Carrboro 54TmnsferStetlon hva M S 1,866 S 7,788 S 8,078 E 8,403 $ 8,741 $ 9,092 S 8,457 $ 9,837 S 10,232 $ 10,643 S 100 880 8 11,071 $ 106 484 $ 11,516 E 112 382 $ 11,978 S 118 620 $ 12,469 $ 185 $ 125 12,980 $ 132 104 S 13,k81 $ 139,396 S 14,022E 147,082E 14,588 S 156,182 $ 15,172 $ 183,718 S 15,781 172,714 $ y g DurhemTmnsierSleion $ 61,803 S 65,282 $ 88,960 S 72,819 E 68 522 $ 78,888 E 72 385 E B1,2D1 $ 76 459 E 86,738 $ 755 $ 80 90,521 $ 85 286 $ 95,563 $ 90,065 E , 95,103 E , 100,416 S , 106,017 $ , 111,923 S , 118,149 $ , 124,713 $ 131,632 $ 138,926 S 146,810. S 154,711 $ 163,258 $ WIIWhI Tmnsfer8letion $ 58,096 S 61,387 $ 64,859 S , , , , , ~ Tawn of Hi9s6orouph St B f T $ 16,080 S 17,329 $ 18,026 $ 18,750 S 19,503 $ 20,288E 21,101 $ 21,849 5 22,831 S 23,748 E 24,702 S 25,685 S 26,727 $ 23 222 $ 27,801 $ 24 928 S 28,917 5 26 744 S 30,079 $ 28 672 $ 31,288 $ 30 122 S 32,545 E 32,898 $ 33,8.52 S 35,211 S 35,212 $ 37,868 $ a on rsns er Hlghway54 DurhamTmnsterSte9on $ 9,263E 10,053 $ 10,807 $ 11,818 $ 12,790 S 8 13,825 $ 18 843 S 14,829 $ 20 200 S 16,104 $ 642 $ 21 17,358 S 23 174 $ 18,888 S 24 800 E 20,108 $ 26 528 $ 21,617 $ 28,361 $ , 30,307 $ , 32,312 S , 34,563 $ , 36,887 $ , 39,351 $ 41,964 S 44,734 $ 47,670 S WIMJMTransfer$te9on E 13,175 S 14,173 $ 15,235 $ 16,365 $ $ 17,56 , , , , , , ( mgaCountySWMDept 54TmnsferStaUon ---- vs 40,138 S $ 50,073 S 52,085 $ 64,177 $ 68,354 S 58,618 $ 60,973 S 03,422 S 85,970 $ 68,621 S 71,317 $ 74,245 S 77,228 S 80,330 $ 83,558 S 86,915 $ 2 80,408 S 94,038 6 97,817 S 101,186 E , y uuihamTmnsfar8tedon E 86 651 S 197 929 $ 209862 $ 455 S 222 235 775 5 249 851 S 264,725 $ 280,441 S 287,046 S 314,587 S 333,116 S 352,687 S 373 ,357 S 395,186 S 48,231 $ 442,577 $ 468,275 $ WWJMTrsnsferStatlen 156,350 S E 165892 S 175,982 $ , 1 , , , , Otlrar Haulers @dvata, IrrsBhNanel, etc.) 8t 9 743 $ $ 30 31,978 $ 33,263 $ 34,599E 35,BB9 S 37,435 S 38,939 $ 40,503 $, 42,130 $ 43,823 S 46,584 8 41,415 S 48,320 $ 61,301 S 181 887 8 53,362 S 260 S 111 65,508 $ 181 177 $ 57,736 $ 646 $ 181 80,056 $ 202 897 $ 62,488 $ 214,381 S 84,978 $ 226,671 S e an Hl~tway54Trsnsfer DurhemTmnsferStation , $ 78,788 E 81,398 $ 86,288 S 91,412 $ 96,850 S 102,596 S 106,866 S 115,078E 121,853 S 138 495 E 129,008 S 146 491 S 138,584 $ 930 $ 154 144,543 $ 163 838 $ 152,870 $ 773 238 $ , 183 160 $ , 183,629 S , 204,676 $ , 216,333 S , 228,630 $ 241,605 S 255,291 $ WIANM TmnsferSfaDon $ 88,007 S 93,181 $ 88,647 S 104,419 S 110,514 S 116,951 $ 123,746 $ 130,821 $ , , , , , , All Haulers i 248 $ $ 182 189,569 $ 187,185 $ 205,107 S 213,347 $ 221,919 S 230,834 E 240,108 $ 249,754 S 259,788 S 270,225 S 281,081 E 292,374 $ 304,120 S 566E 959 316,338 $ 015 252 S 1 329,047 8 041 S 1 074 342,268 $ 136 101 S 1 356,017 $ 201 610 S 1 370,320 S 270,755 S 1 385,188 S 1,343,732 $ on Hlghvsy54TransterSle DurtramTmnsfer$ia9an , $ 455,208 8 482,522 E 511,392 8 541,901 S 574,10.0 8 608,202 S 644,188 S 583 $ 733 682,203 $ 776 115 $ 722,359 $ 016 $ 621 764,773 S 868414 S 809567 $ 918444 $ 856871 $ 971250 S 9,823 S 1,026,980 $ , 1,085,794 $ , , 1,147,858 $ , , 1,213347 S , , 1,282,448 $ , , 1,355349 $ , 1,432,261 S 1,513388 S WIIWMTrsnsfer6ta9on 521,714 $ 5 552,381 $ 584791 $ 619008 S 655,142 $ 693,297 $ , , , - LONG,HAULAAm DISPOSALCO5TSpncludingOtfKoutaCasle) _ SUMMARY Of TRANSFER ::: ~ 50438 58731 58025 SB320 59617 59815 60216 80518 69818 67f23 61428 61138 82045 , Annual Tons 57000 57000 57285 57855 57571 58723 57859 59804 58f4B 80498 61405 82328 83281 84210 86173 06151 87143 88150 68172 10210 71283 72332 73417 TranafarCostaatCauntyTmns<erSla6on-Incl~desland,eapffal,equlprtrerd8opem6ans S 200 S 887 888 400 b 100 $ 812 92b 200 5 938,800 $ 939,400 S 953,900 $ 889,000 $ 884,500 S 1,000,700 S 1,017,400 $ 1,034,600 S 1,078,100 $ 1,084,600 S 1,113,800 $ 1,133,800 S 1,154,100 8 0' E 1,175,400 $ 104 700 $ 1 Weal54TmneferSta9on ~ S , 818,500 $ , 828,700 $ , 841,4W S , 854,500 E 888,100 $ 868,700 $ 883,200 8 088,300 $ 813,800 $ 830,000 $ 948,7W S 883,800 $ 1,005,400 S 1,023,900 E 1,043,100 $ 1,062,900 S 1,083,40 , , , Eufrenks Reference Long4iauiCostsFromO00rdyTmnstarSta6on-IncludesequlpmeMandoparetlarrs $ 468 $ 411 423 135 $ 435 467 $ 967 S 447 461,242 $ 474,499 $ 488,643 $ 513,081 S 528,220 $ 543,966 $ 572,328 $ 589,413 S 607,127 E 625,481 $ 662,381 S 698,737 $ 719,257 $ 140,451 S 633 S 1 712 SoulhWake $ , 927 480 5 , 957,466 $ , 888,883 S , 1,021,082 $ 1,054,834 $ 1,088,230 5 1,125,584 S 1,175,807 $ 1,214,712 $ 1,255,613 8 1,317,523 $ 1,361,258 $ 1,406,831 S 1,864,058 $ 1,526,055 S 1,604,638 S 1,851,826 E , , Sampson COUMy-Wade lndusINes , DlsposalCoaletRagionaiLand011 TlppingFee Escalation Rate $ 30 0% E 1,710,000 $ 1,718,560 $ 1,727,130 S 1,735,770 $ 1,748,440 E 1,753,170 $ 1,761,930 $ 1,770,760 S 1,779,600 $ 1,788,610 S 1,787,450 $ 1,806,850 S 1,815,880 $ 140 S 8 1,824,570 S 060 $ 037 2 1,833,680E 119 730 $ 2 1,842,870 $ 900 $ 204 2 1,852,080 $ 293 480 $ 2 1,881,350 $ 386 830 S 2 SoulhWekeLand511 S 20 3 50% S 221,200 S 1 1,270,280 E 1,321,280 $ 1,374,370 8 1,428,570 $ 1,487,010 S 1,546,750 $ 1,608,900 S 1,873,530 E 1,740,780 $ 1,810,710 $ 1,883,470 S 1,96 , , , , , , , , , , , Satr~son County LandNl•Weste indusldes . , TOTAL OFF ROUTE, TRANSFER, HAULAND DIPOSALCOSTS ANNUAL COST ' Net PrssenlValue Tlp~ng Fee Escalation Rate 50% E 00 3 42 198 E 3 527 408 S 3 705 3,892,625 $ 4,089,304 S 4,295,815 $ 4,512,966E 4,740,989 S 4,980,527 $ 5,232,168 $ 5,496,519 $ 5,774,225 S 6,065,972 $ 6,372,461 E 6,694,426 $ 7,032,662 S 7,387,982 S 668 620 7 7,761,262 $ $057 128 S 8,153,399 215 S 8 464 GurhemTrsnsferSfatlon $ 63,382,831 259 831 S 65 tl . $ S 43,00 . 3.50% E , , 3,661,658 $ , , 3,846,665 S 4,041,018 $ 4,245,189E 4,459,680 $ 4,685,001 $ 4,921,715 S 5,170,378 S 5,431,615 $ 5,706,047 S 5,994,343 $ 6,287,210 $ 430 618 $ d 6,615,377E 539 044 S 4 6,949,622 $ 628 783 S 4 7,300,746 $ 478 E 4 735 , { , 846 036E 4 , 4,943,304 S , , 5,043,896 E , , ons WBWMTrsrmter9ta Nkst54•SouthWake $ 89,607,440 S 3,857,148 E 3,716,619 E 3,778,329 $ 3,838,768 S 3 3,903,824 $ 345 8 4 182 3,968,709 S 4 305 280 E 4,026,837 S 586' E 4 447 4,107,193 S 069 S 608 4 4,181,006 $ 761 428' '$ ~ 4 4,287,565 $ 921382 S 4 4,348,704 S 5,iD7,180~ S , , 5,279,483 S , , 5,482,508 $ , , 5,668,6$0 S , , 5,885,192 S , , 6,113,967 S 6,323,071 $ 8,540,457 E What 54Sampaon County $ 57,028,907 ~ $ S 3,684,381 S 389 263 $ 3 3,801,660 $ 439 812 $ 3 3,923,678 $ 492 282E 3 4,060,47 E 3,546,139 S , , 3,602,080 E , , 3,645,901 S , , 3,705,382 E , , 3,716,705 8 , , 3,840,080 $ , 3,905,784 S 3,985,630 $ 4,055,798 S 4,152,006 $ 4,227,036 8 4,322,512 8 4,419,319E 260 87 4,502,284 $ 882 051 $ 5 4,588,098 E 560 $ 6 084 ~ EuhanksRetersnce-SouthWaha $ 45,483,786 S , , 816 478 S 3 , , 525 852 $ 3 , , 3,639,828 S 3,157,854 S 3,880,811 $ 3,984,472E 4,127,143E d,277,581 8 4,820,503 b 4,568,600 $ 4,744,086 S 4,904,883 E 6,095,469 $ 5,268,803 $ 5,472,226 S 5,6 , E , , , , EubardrsRefersnce-9amar^-:aS 52,805,255 , , , , PER TON COST ' S 64 E 65 $ 66 $ 66 S 67 E ~ 6B S 69 S 70 S 70 $ 71 $ 73 S 14 S 75 E A 76 $ 93 $ 77 $ 98 S 79 S 100 $ 80 S 102 E 81 $ 105 $ Wesl N $ 85 $ 86 S 88 $ 70 S 72 E 74 S 78 $ 78 E 64 80 E 65 $ 83 $ 66 E 85 $ 6T $ BB S 61 $ l $ 69 $ 70 E 71 S 72 $ 73 $ 74 $ $ 59 8 BO S 81 S 61 S 62 $ 62 $ 63 E $ 75 $ 77 $ 79 E 81 E 84 $ 81 S 90 $ 93 S 95 $ 9B S h' $ fi0 $ 82 S 63 S 65 S 67 E 68 S 3 70 S 78 E 12 $ 79 E 81 S 84 S B7 $ 90 E 84 S 97 S 100 E 104 E 107 E 111 $ ~- E 82 $ 84 S 66 S 89 S 71 S 74 S $ 7 76 $ 79 E 82 $ 86 $ 88 E 91 S 94 S 87 E 100 S 104 S iD8 E 111 $ 115 S $ 84 $ 6fi $ 89 $ 71 S M tl 5.50% _ _ _ __. ___ _ ___.__ _ ._.....,,.. ..,,, .,,.,. . .~e~m~ c ,..c caw c 1555 asa .t 77:IE n0F S 1973.750. E r~ r' ~.~~.» O N 1 I I !~-I ~ j 'Y d r ~ i ' N a J '~ ~ ~~ m .~ om i ff n . N I O ~ ~ ~ ~ i J ~ I .~; m .-~ = F ~ 0 W LL VI ( ... a-1 .-1 ~ i ~ _ ~ ~ u] F- tr`- ~ > W i I ~v m u. u. ~ O c ~ t~A ~ ~ i r£;s m V ~ J y H ~ ~ Y i h`a O ~ ~ ~ Vf O) N I '. Y" ~ ~ L .{.I y. H N Q ' . I !~ t= to ~ N ~ ~x in ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Y l6 C C N N JQ 1 I I .. ~ ~_I _~ ~ ~ m i i ~~ . ~ a i N o° °o °o °o °o °o °O °o °o °o O O O O O O O O O O ~ i~lF L} ~ t Y ~ ~ i~J} ~ t%} ~ a~/ooo`ti$ rn 0 0 N ~L Q Q 0 W G C ~." 0 U C L O ~, ~ - ® T r~ ~. ~~.. L ... Town of Chapel Hiil.-Residential Waste Collection Off Route Costs: Cost Cates~orv Unit UniE Cost No. Units Annual Costs Personnel ~ Equip Op.ll Annual Salary/Benefits $ 49,188 1 $ 49,188 Collectors Annual Salary/Benefits $ 43,600 2 $ 87,200 Equipment Costs Rear Loader Vehicle Capital Cost $ 140,000 1 $ 20,003 Operating Costs Maintenance Annual Costs $ 5,500 1 $ 5,500 Equip. Liability tz) Annual Costs $ 5,000 1 $ 5,000 Other c3> Annual Costs $ 3,000 1 $ 3,000 Total Cost $ 169,891 No. Hours/Year 2,080 Cost Per Hour $ 81.68 Annual Costs -Off Route Time OC Landfill Hwy 54 TS Durham TS tMMIM TS4 No. Weekly Routes 14 14 14 14 Ave Speed (MPH) 25 35 40 40 Routes TolFrom Transfer Station/Landfill No. One-Way Trips/Rte/Week 3 3 3 3 Ave. Distance (one-way miles) 5.0 10.0 18.1 21.1 Transfer Station Wait Time (Min.) 15 15 15 15 Off Route Labor/Equipment Costs Off Route Miles 10,920 21,840 39,530 46,082 Off-'RouteHours-Travel 437 624 988 1,152 Off-Route Hours - TS Wait 364 364 364 364 Total Off-Route Hours/Year 801 988 1,352 1,516 Cost Per Hour $ 81.68 $ 81.68 $ 81.68 $ 81.68 Annual Costs $ 65,408 $ 80,698 $ 110,450 $ 123,829 Off Route Fuel Costs MPG 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 Cost/Gailon $ 2.00 $ 2.00 $ 2.00 $ 2.00 Annual Costs $ 13.650 $ 27.300 $ 49.413 $ 57.603 'Total Annual Off E~i?ute'Costs $ 79,058 $ 107,998 $ 159,863 $ 181,432 ` " Landfillffransf®r St~iiio~i To Town Operations Center No. One Way TripslRte/Week 1 1 1 1 Ave. Distance (one-way miles) 2.0 13.0 18.1 21.1 Off Route Labor/Eouipment Costs Off-Route Miles 1,456 9,464 13,177 15,361 Off-Route Hours 58 270 329 384 Cost Per Hour $ 81.68 $ 81.68 $ 81.68. $ 81.68 Annual Costs $ 4,757 $ 22,086 $ 26,906 $ 31,366 Off Route Fuel Costs MPG 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 Cost/Gallon $ 2.00 $ 2.00 $ 2.00 $ 2.00 Annual Costs $ 1.820 $ 11.830 $ 16.471 ~ 19.201 Total Annual Off Route Costs $ 6,577 $ 33,916 $ 43,377 $ 50,567 Total Off Route Costs ` Labor/Equipments Costs $ 70,165 $ 102,784 $ 137,357 $ 155,195 Fuel Cost $ 15,470 $ 39,130 $ 65,884 $ 76,804 Total Off-Route Costs $ 85,635 $ 141,914 $ 203,241 $ 231,999 Total Off Route Miles -First Year 12,376 31,304 52,707 61,443 Total Off Route Miles - 20 Years Accum. 319,766 808,820 1,361,826 1,587,544 Route Durham Transfer Station Miles Time Min. Speed (MPH) Southern Village - 20.3 22 55 Meadomont Center 17.6 26 41 Parkside Neighborhood 17.4 22 47 Downtown Chanel Hiil 17.1 27 38 Average .~.-... 18.1 24 45 Average - RTP 36.2 48.5 45 ~ 1. Data source: Memo from Lance Norris to Roger Stanch May 6, 2008 2. Contingency for insurance and/or liability required to be posted on County books 3. General contingency 4. Waste Industries TS used for analyses because Waste Management TS is approximately 1 mile farther. Orange County Transfer Station Evaluation CH-1 April 9, 2009 Town of Cha ,>.., _ .. ,, -; , ~.. pel H~II Commercial Muittfamily Off Route Costs' ~: Cost Cateaorv Unit Unit Cost No. Units Annual Costs Personnel Equip Op.lll Annual Salary/Benefits $ 54,192 1 $ 54,192 Equipment Costs Front End Loader Vehicle Capital Cost $ 224,000 1 $ 32,005 Operating Costs Maintenance Annual Costs $ 7,500 1 $ 7,500 Equip. Liability t2) Annual Costs $ 5,000 1 $ 5,000 Other c3) Annual Costs $ 3,000 1 $ 3,000 Total Cost $ 101,697 No. Hours/Year 2,080 Cost Per Hour $ 48.89 Annual Costs -Off Route Time No. Weekly Routes Ave Speed (MPH) Routes TolFrom Transfer Station No. One-Way Trips/Rte/Week Ave. Distance (one-way miles) Transfer Station Wait Time (Min.) Off Route Labor/Equipment Costs Off Route Miles Off-Route Hours -Travel Off-Route Hours - TS Wait Total Off-Route Hours Cost Per Hour Annual Costs Off Route Fuel Costs MPG .........:....._ , . . . Annual Costs Total Annual Off Route Costs Transfer Station To Town Operations Center No. One Way Trips/Rte/Vileek Ave. Distance (one-way miles) Off Route Labor/Equipment Costs OC Landfill Hwv 54 TS 10 10 25 35 3 3 5.0 10.0 15 15 7,800 15,600 312 446 260 260 572 706 $ 48.89 $ 48.89 $ 27,967 $ 34,504 .. 3.00.... .,.;,c,n,.; 3.00 $ 2:00.._. $;,,,n;:;-,;; 2.00 5.200 $ 10,400 $ 33,167 $ 44,904 1 1 2.0 13.0 1 1 18.1 21.1 Off-Route Miles 1,040 6,760 9,412 10,972 Off-Route Hours 42 193 235 274 Cost Per Hour $ 48.89 $ 48.89 $ 48.89 $ 48.89 Annual Costs $ 2,034 $ 9,443 $ 11,504 $ 13,411 Off Route Fuel Costs MPG 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 Cost/Galion $ 2.00 $ 2.00 $ 2.00 $ 2.00 Annual Costs $ 693 ~ 4.507 $ 6.275 $ 7.315 Total Annual Off Route Costs $ 2,727 $ 13,950 $. 17,779 $ 20,726 Total Off Route Costs Labor/Equipments Costs $ 30,000 $ 43,947 $ 58,730 $ 66,357 Fuel Cost $ 5,893 $ 14,907 $ 25,099 $ 29,259 Total Off-Route Costs $ 35,894. $ . „ , 58,854 $ 83,828.' .$ . .95,616 Total Off Route Miles 8,840 22,360 37,648 43,888 Total Off Route Miles - 20 Years Accum. 228,404 577,728 972,733 1,133,960 1. Data source: Memo from Lance Norris to Roger Stancil May 6, 2008 2. Contingency for insurance and/or liability required to be posted on County books 3. General contingency 4. Waste Industries TS used for analyses because Waste Management TS is approximately 1 mile farther. Durham TS VUIIINM TS4 10 10 40 40 3 3 18.1 21.1 15 15 28,236 32,916 706 823 260 260 966 1,083 $ 48.89 $ 48.89 $ 47,225 $ 52,946 3.00 3.00 $ 2.00 $ 2.00 ~ 18,824 $ 21,944 $ 66,049 $ 74,890 L. Orange County Transfer Station Evaluation CH-2 April 9, 2009 r ~ ~.,~, ~ ~ V ~~O ~~ O~ ~~~ ~~ ~.~ ~ ,, ~ r../ ~ ' .. ~~ 0 ` ~ ~4O 4 ® ~ ~ ~ ~ O ~ ® A ~ ~ ~1 ~~ ~~ ~~ ~' t: ~ O~ ~_ `.I ~`pc' ~, O ~ c' ~ O O O O O O O O O O O O ~ ~ ~ ~ d' M ~ N ~ ~ ~ tfl~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ w 0 0 N Q M ~ ,.. 0 w' 0 c c 0 U c O l~ .,,.,: ~.,~ >.~.. ...,v.,. .... Town of Carboro = Residential Waste Collection Off-Route Costs' ~ Cost Catecrorv Unit Unit Cost. No. Units Annual Costs Personnel Equip Op.l Annual Salary/Benefits $ 38,500 1 $ 38,500 Equipment Costs Automated Side Loader Vehicle Capital Cost $ 220,000 1 $ 32,676 Operating Costs Maintenance Annual Costs $ 7,500 1 $ 7,500 Equip. Liability t2) Annual Costs $ 5,000 1 $ 5,000 Other t3) Annual Costs $ 3,000 1 $ 3,000 Total Cost $ 86,676 No. Hours/Year 2,080 . Cost Per Hour $ 41.67 Annual Costs -Off Route Time OC Landfill Hvw 54 TS Durham TS WIMIM TS4 Collection Days per Week 5 5 5 5 Ave Speed (MPH) 26 43 40 40 Routes To/From Transfer Station Off-Loads per Day 2 2 2 2 Off-Loads per Week 10 10 10 10 Ave. Distance (one-way miles) 4.8 8.7 23.0 22.0 Transfer Station Wait Time (Min.) 15 15 15 15 Off Route Labor/Equipment Costs Off Route Miles (Total Round Trips) 4,992 9,048 23,920 22,880 Off-Route Hours -Travel 192 210 598 572 Off-Route Hours - TS Wait 130 130 130 130 Total Off-Route Hours _ . . .. .... 322.. 340- ... ._. _... . 728 . 702 ` Cost Per Hour ::.'' $ ~.41.6T'.:.. $ 41.67 "$' :~"~ ~:~; 41.67 $ 41.67 Annual Costs $ 13,418 $ 14,186 $ 30,337 $ 29,253 Off Route Fuel Costs MPG 2.40 2.40 2.40 2.40 Cost/Gallon $ 2.00 $ 2.00 $ 2.00 $ 2.00 Annual Costs ~ 4.160 $ 7.540 ~ 19.933 ~ 19.067 Total Annual Off Route Costs $ 17,578 $ 21,726 $ 50,270 $ 48,320 Total Off Route Costs Labor/Equipments Costs $ 13,418 $ 14,186 $ 30,337 $ 29,253 Fuel Cost $ 4,160 $ 7,540 $ 19,933 $ 19,067 Total Off-Route Costs $ 17,578 $ 21,726 $ 50,270 $ 48,320 Total Off Route Miles - 20 Year Accumulation 128,981 233,778 618,035 591,164 1. Data source: Memo from George Seiz to Steve Stewart, May 21, 2008 2. Contingency for insurance and/or liability required to be posted on County books 3. General contingency 4. Waste Industries TS used for analyses because Waste Management TS is 1-2 miles farther. Orange County Transfer Station Evaluation CA-1 April 9, 2009 Town of Carrboro Commercial Mult,fam~ly Off Route Costs' :; Cost Categorx Unit Unit Cost No. Units Annual Costs ~ / Personnel Equip Op.ll Annual Salary/Benefits $ 41,100 1 $ 41,100 Equipment Costs Front End Loader Vehicle Capital Cost $ 215,000 1 $ 31,933 Operating Costs Maintenance Annual Costs $ 7,500 1 $ 7,500 Equip. Liability (2) Annual Costs $ 5,000 1 $ 5,000 Other c3> Annual Costs $ 3,000 1 $ 3,000 Total Cost $ 88,533 No. HourslYear 2,080 Cost Per Hour $ 42.56 Annual Costs -Off Route Time OC Landfill Hwv 54 TS Durham TS WINVM TS4 Collection Days per Week 5 5 5 5 Ave Speed (MPH) 26 43 40 40 Routes TolFrom Transfer Station Off-Loads per Day 2 2 2 2 Off-Loads per Week 10 10 10 10 Ave. Distance (one-way miles) 4.8 8.7 23.0 22.0 Transfer Station Wait Time (Min.) 15 15 15 15 Off Route Labor/Equipment Costs Off Route Miles (Total Round Trips) 4,992 9,048 23,920 22,880 Off-Route Hours -Travel 192 210 598 572 Off-Route Hours - TS Wait 130 130 130 130 Total Off-Route Hours 322 340 728 702 . ._ ... . _ Gost Fer Hour $ 42.56. $ 42.56 $ 42.56 $ 42.56 ~j~ ":.. _ ::. Annual Costs ~ ": ~"~.;t:. $ 13,706 $ 14,490 $ 30,987. $ 29,880. - i... Off Route Fuel Costs MPG 3.20 3.20 :3.20 3.20 Cost/Gallon $ 2.00 $ 2.00 $ 2.00 $ 2.00 Annual Costs $ 3.120 $ 5.655 ~ 14.950 $ 14,300 Total Annual Off Route Costs $ 16,826 $ 20,145 $ 45,937 $ 44,180 Total Off Route Costs Labor/Equipments Costs $ 13,706 $ 14,490 $ 30,987 $ 29,880 Fuel Cost $ 3,120 $ 5,655 $ 14,950 $ 14,300 Total Off-Route Costs $ 16,826 $ 20,145 $ 45,937 $ 44,180 Total Off Route Miles - 20 Year Accumulation 128,981 233,778 618,035 591,164 1. Data source: Memo from George Seiz to Steve Stewart, May 21, 2008 2. Contingency for insurance and/or liability required to be posted on County books 3. General contingency 4. Waste Industries TS used for analyses because Waste Management TS is 1-2 miles farther. (,. Orange County Transfer Station Evaluation CA-2 Apri19, 2009 0°'"" V ~~ :. yr a V rn 0 0 N .Q Q M U 0 W O :.~ c c~ H c 0 U a~ rn c m ~ ~ L ~~~ S~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~0 ``~ G,' s~ o~, ~` o~ ~` o~ ~o ~~ 1 0 0 ~ ~ N N O f ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ _ ~. I~ ,:- Town of Hi)Isborough -Residential Waste Collection Off Route Costs' Cost Category Unit Unit Cost No. Units Annual Costs Personnel Side Loader Rear Loader Knuckle Equip Op. Annual Salary/Benefits $ 38,000 1 $ 38,000 $ 38,000 $ 38,OD0 Rear Loader has 2 crew 1 $ 38,000 Equipment Costs Automated Side Loader Used 4d/w Vehicle Capital Cost $ 220,000 1 $ 32,676 Rear Loader used one day per week. Has 2 crew. $ 140,000 $ 20,794 Knuckleboom used one day per week. Has 1 crew $ 125,000 $ 18,566 Operating Costs Maintenance Annual Costs $ 7,500 1 $ 7,500 $ 5,500 5000 Equip. Liability (~> Annual Costs $ 5,000 1 $ 5,000 $ 5,000 $ 5,000 Other tai Annual Costs $ 3,000 1 $ 3,000 $ 3,000 $ 3,000 Total Cost $ 86,176 $ 110,294 $ 69,566 No. HourslYear 2,080 2,080 2080 Cost Per Hour $ 41.43 $ 53.03 $ 33.45 (sideloader 4d/w; rear 1dfw; knuckle 1diw) Ave rage $/Hour $ 50.44 Annual Costs -Off Route Time OC Landflil Hwv 54 TS Durham TS UVUVVM TS4 Collection Days per Week 5 5 5 5 Ave Speed (MPH) 30 35 40 40 Routes TolFrom Transfer Station Off-Loads per Day 1 1 1 1 Off-Loads per Week 5 5 5 5 Ave. Distance (one-way miles) 11.0 20.0 18.0 20.0 Transfer Station Wait Time (Min.) 15 15 15 15 Off Route Labor/Equipment Costs Off Route Miles 5,720 10,400 9,360 10,400 Off-Route Hours -Travel 191 297 234 260 Off-Route Hours - TS Wait 65 65 65 65 Total Off-Route Hours 256 362 299 325 Cost Per Hour $ 50.44 $ 50.44 $ 50.44 $ 50.44 Annual Costs $ 13,488 $ 19,106 $ 15,775 $ 17,146 Off Route Fuel Costs ,' MPG 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 Cost/Gallom .., "-.... _. $ 2.00 $ .__ . .. ..., ; ; , 2.00 $ 2:00 $ 2.00 , Annual Costs $ 4:576` $ ` 8,320' $ 7.488 $ 8,320 Total Annual Off Route Costs $ 18,064 $ 27,426 $ 23,263 $ 25,466 Total Off Route Costs Labor/Equipments Costs $ 13,488 $ 19,106 $ 15,775 $ 17,146 Fuel Cost $ 4,576 $ 8,320 $ 7,488 $ 8,320 Total Off-Route Costs $ 16,064 $ 27,426 $ 23,263 $ 25,466 Totat Off Route Mlles - 20 Years Accum. 147,791 268,711 241,840 268,711 1. Residential collection crew costs based on Carrboro cost data. Data source: Emails from Eric Peterson, 2-10-09; from Ken Hines, 2-11-09; from Nicole Ard, 2-12-09 Telephone conversation Jreynolds and Khines 2-13-09; email from Blair Pollock 2-24-09 Meeting with Nicole Ard and Ken Hines, March 10, 2009 2. Contingency for insurance and/or liability required to be posted on Cou nty books 3. General contingency 4. Waste industries TS used for analyses because Waste Management TS is 1-6 miles farther. Orange County Transfer Station Evaluation H-1 April 9, 2009 Town of Hillsborough z Commercial ,Multifamily OFf Route Costs' Cost Cateaorv Unit Unit Cost No. Units Annual Costs PersonneF Equip Op. Annual Salary/Benefits $ 38,000 1 $ 38,000 Equipment Costs Front End Loader Vehicle Capital Cost $ 215,000 1 $ 31,933 Operating Costs Maintenance Annual Costs $ 7,500 1 $ 7,500 Equip. Liability~Z~ Annual Costs $ 5,000 1 $ 5,000 Other t3> Annual Costs $ 3,000 1 $ 3,000 Total Cost $ 85,433 No. Hours/Year 2,080 Cost Per Hour $ q',07 Annual Costs -Off Route Time OC Landfill Hwv 54 TS Durham TS WIIVVIUI TS4 Collection Days per Week 5 5 5 5 Ave Speed (MPH) 30 35 40 40 Routes To/From Transfer Station Off-Loads per Day 1 1 1 1 Off-Loads per Week 5 5 5 5 Ave. Distance (one-way miles) 11.0 20.0 18.0 20.0 Transfer Station Wait Time (Min.) 15 15 15 15 Off Route Labor/Equipment Costs Off Route Miles 5,720 10,400 9,360 10,400 Off-Route Hours -Travel 191 297 234 260 Off-Route Hours - TS Wait 65 65 65 65 Total Off-Route Hours 256 362 299 325 Cost Per Hour $ 41.07 $ 41.07 $ 41.07 $ 41.07 Annual Costs $ 10,501 $ 14,875 $ 12,281 $ 13,349 Off Route Fuel Costs .,,,,,MPG 3.20 3.20. 3.20 .3.20 '}/ostiGallon $ 2.00 $ 2.00 - $~ ~:°' 2.00 $ 2.00 Annual Costs ~ 3.575 $ 6.500 ~ 5,850 $ 6,500 Total Annual Off Route Costs $ 14,076 $ 21,375 $ 18,131 $ 19,849 Total Off Route Costs LabodEquipments Costs $ 10,501 $ 14,875 $ 12,281 $ 13,349 Fuel Cost $ 3,575 $ 6,500 $ 5,850 $ 6,500 Total Off-Route Costs $ 14,076 $ 21,375 $ 18,131 $ 19,849 Total Off Route Miles - 20 Years Accum. 147,791 268,711 241,840 268,711 1. Commercial collection crew costs based on Carrboro cost data. Data source: Emails from Eric Peterson, 2-10-09; from Ken Hines, 2-11-09; from Nicole Ard, 2-12-09 Telephone conversation Jreynolds and Khines 2-13-09; email from Blair Pollock 2-24-09 Meeting with Nicole Ard and Ken Hines, March 10, 2009 2. Contingency for insurance and/or liability required to be posted on County books 3. General contingency 4. Waste Industries TS used for analyses because Waste Management TS is 1-6 miles farther. ~~ T°ti f~ Orange County Transfer Station Evaluation H-2 April 9, 2009 ._ _._ 0 ~ ~ O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O In d' M N ~ b9~ Efl~ b4 ~ tfl- l~ ~~ s~ o~, ~~ o~ ~~ o~ ~~o~ ``o s`o ~` o~, ~~ o~ g'U O~, rn 0 0 N .Q Q ,_ 0 ro w c 0 c c~ c 0 U m c O ~~. C .._ Coun S ., _ _ _ ty W Management Dept -,Trash,,Con Centers, C&D Re~ects;Off Route Costs' Cost Cateaorv Unit Unit Cast No. Units Annual Costs Personnel Equip Op.ll Annual ~ $ 38,000 1 $ 38,000 Equipment Costs Front End Loader Vehicle ~ $ 215,000 1 $ 31,933 Operating Costs Maintenance Annual ($ 25,000 1 $ 25,000 Equip. Liability (2> Annual t $ 5,000 1 $ 5,000 Other t3> Annual ($ 3,000 1 $ 3,000 Total Cost $ 102,933 No. Hours/Year 2,080 Cost Per Hour $ 49.49 RECYCLING RESIDUALS 8< TRASH Annual Costs -Off Route Time OC Landfill Hwv 54 TS Durham TS WINVM TS4 No. Routes 1 1 1 1 Ave Speed (MPH) 10 35 40 40 Routes To/From Transfer Station No. One Way Trips Per Year 35 35 35 35 Ave. Distance (one-way miles) 0.5 13.0 17.0 20.0 Transfer Station Wait Time (Min.) 15 15 15 15 .Off Route Labor/Eouipment Costs Off Route..,Miles 35 _ 910. 1,190. ~ : - 1,400 Off-Route Hours -Travel 4 26 30 35 Off-Route Hours - TS Wait 9 9 9 g Total Off-Route Hours 12 35 39 44 Cost Per Hour $ 49.49 $ 49.49 $ 49.49 $ 49.49 Annual Costs -Labor & Equip $ 606 $ 1,720 $ 1,905 $ 2,165 Off Route Fuel Costs MPG 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 CosUGallon $ 2.00 $ 2.00 $ 2.00 $ 2.00 Annual Costs -Fuel ~ 22 $ 569 $ 744 $ 875 Total Annual Off Route Costs $ 628 $ 2,288 $ 2,649 $ 3,040 Total Off Route Costs Labor/Equipments Costs $ 606 $ 1,720 $ 1,905 $ 2,165 Fuel Cost $ 22 $ 569 $ 744 $ 875 Total Off-Route Costs $ 628 $ 2,288 $ 2,649 $ 3,040 Estimated payload -Ton 3 Estimated Total Waste Handled: 105 Orange County Transfer Station Evaluation C-1 April 9, 2009 County SW Management De t =.Trash; Con Ce , _ p nters; C&D Rejects Off Route Costs..' CONVENIENCE CENTERS ROLL-OFFS: Annual Costs -Off Route Time OC t_andfill Hwv 54 TS Durham TS WI TS4 No.Weekly Routes 5 5 5 5 Ave Speed (MPH) 30 35 40 40 Routes To/From Transfer Station No. One Way Trips Per Week 34 34 34 34 Ave. Distance (one-way miles) 10.3 14.4 23.0 24.0 Transfer Station Wait Time (Min.) 15 15 15 15 Off Route Labor/Eauipment Costs Off Route Miles 36,322 50,977 81,324 84,952 Off-RouteHours-Travel 1,211 1,456 2,033 2,124 Off-Route Hours - TS Wait 9 9 9 9 Total Off-Route Hours 1,219 1,465 2,042 2,132 Cost Per Hour $ 49.49 $ 49.49 $ 49.49 $ 49.49 Annual Costs -Labor & Equip $ 60,337 $ 72,498 $ 101,033 $ 105,522 Off Route Fuel Costs MPG 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 Cost/Gallon $ 2.00 $ 2.00 $ 2.00 $ 2.00 Annual Costs -Fuel $ 22.701 $ 31.860 $ 50.827 $ 53.095 Total Annual Off Route Costs $ 83,038 $ 104,358 $ 151,860 $ 158,617 Total Off Route Costs Labor/Equipments Costs $ 60,337 $ 72,498 $ 101,033 $ 105,522 Fuel Cost $ 22,701 $ 31,860 $ 50,827 $ 53,095 Total Off-Route Costs $ 83,038 $ 104,358 $ 151,860 $ 158,617 Estimated payload -Ton 1.8 Estimated Total Waste Handled: 2,999 FRONT END LOADERS: ..__.__..~......,..:_.... .._... Annual Costs -Off Route Time-' ~ ~•-••~- -= - OC Landfill = ''~H~tv 54 TS - Durham TS IIVI TS4 No. Weekly Routes 5 5 5 5 Ave Speed (MPH) 30 35 40 40 Routes To/From Transfer Station No. One Way Trips Per Week 31 31 31 31 Ave. Distance (one-way miles) 9.9 14.2 22.9 24.0 Transfer Station Wait Time (Min.) 15 15 15 15 Off Route Labor/Equipment Costs Off Route. Miles 32,004 45,694 73,949 77,281 Off-Route Hours -Travel 1,067 1,306 1,849 1,932 Off-Route Hours - TS Wait 8 8 8 8 Total Off-Route Hours 1,075 1,313 1,856 1.,940 Cost Per Hour $ 49.49 $ 49.49 $ 49.49 $ 49.49 Annual Costs -Labor & Equip $ 53,1.76 $ 64,992 $ 91,872 $ 95,995 Off Route Fuel Costs MPG 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 CosUGallon $ 2.00 $ 2.00 $ 2.00 $ 2.00 Annual Costs -Fuel $ 20.002 $ 28.559 $ 46.218 $ 48,301 Total Annual Off Route Costs $ 73,179 $ . 93,551 $ 138,090 $ 144,295 Total Off Route Costs Labor/Equipments Costs $ 53,176 $ 64,992 $ 91,872 $ 95,995 Fuel Cost $ 20,002 $ 28,559 $ 46,218 $ 48,301 Total Off-Route Costs $ 73,179 $ 93,551 $ 138,090 $ 144,295 Estimated payload -Ton 6.54 Estimated Total Waste Handled: 10,542 Orange County Transfer Station Evaluation C-2 April 9, 2009 J \. \. County SW Management Dept -Trash, Con. Centers, C&D Rejects Off Route._Costs' C&D REJECTS Annual Costs -Off Route Time OC Landfill Hwv 54 TS Durham TS WI TS4 No. Routes 1 1 1 1 Ave Speed (MPH) 10 45 50 50 Routes To/From Transfer Station No. One Way Trips Per Year 100 100 100 100 Ave. Distance (one-way miles) 0.5 13.0 17.0 20.0 Transfer Station Wait Time (Min.) 15 15 15 15 Off Route Labor/Equipment Costs Off Route Miles 100 2,600 3,400 4,000 Off-Route Hours -Travel 10 58 68 80 Off-Route Hours - TS Wait 25 25 25 25 Total Off-Route Hours 35 83 93 105 Cost Per Hour $ 49.49 $ 49.49 $ 49.49 $ 49.49 Annual Costs -Labor & Equip $ 1,732 $ 4,096 $ 4,602 $ 5,196 Off Route Fuel Costs MPG 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 CosUGallon $ 3.10 $ 3.10 $ 3.10 $ 3.10 Annual Costs -Fuel $ 97 $ 2,519 $ 3.294 $ 3.875 Total Annual Off Route Costs $ 1,829 $ 6,615 $ 7,896 $ 9,071 Total Off Route Costs tabor/Equipments Costs $ 1,732 $ 4,096 $ 4,602 $ 5,196 Fuel Cost $ 97 $ 2,519 $ 3,294 $ 3,875 Total Off-Route Costs $ 1,829 $ 6,615 $ 7,896 $ 9,071 Estimated payload -Ton 3 Estimated Total Waste Handled: 300 Estimated Total Waste Handled by County Programs , 13,946 Total Off Route Miles 68,461 100,181 159,863 167,634 Total Off Route Miles - 20 Years Accum. 1,768,864 2,588,438 4,130,474 # 4,331,251 1. Data source: Rob Taylor, Terry Thomas, Paul Spire 2. Contingency for insurance andlor liability required to be posted on County books 3. General contingency 4. Waste Industries TS used for analyses because Waste Management TS is slightly farther. 5. Source: Terry Case Thomas email dated March 13, 2009. Orange County Transfer Station Evaluation C-3 April 9, 2009 CONVENIENCE CENTERS OFF-ROUTE MILES (ONE-WAY) CC Disposal Location Eubanks Rd HWY 54 Durham TS WI TS WM TS Eubanks 0.5 11.72 18.17 20.18 21.2 Ferguson 10.33 5.82 24.64 23.12 24.8 Walnut Grove 14.08 23.11 20.7 22.87 28.73 High Rock 17.11 21.86 25.57 27.77 36.18 Bradshaw 17.87 5.81 34.63 32.91 34.02 Source: MapQuest ROLL-OFFSS CONVENIENCE CENTER LOADS PER WEEK OFF-ROUTE MILES (ONE-WAY) CC Disposal Location Lds Eubanks Rd HWY 54 Durham TS WI TS WM TS Eubanks 10 5 117.2 181.7 201.8 212 Ferguson 7 72.31 40.74 172.48 161.84 173.6 Walnut Grove 7 98.56 161.77 .144.9 160.09 201.11 High Rock 7 119.77 153.02 178.99 194.39 253.26 Bradshaw 3 53.61 17.43 103.89 98.73 102.06 Total 34 349.25 490.16 781.96 816.85 942.03 Average Miles pee Trip 10.27 14.42 23.00 24.03 27.71 FEL6 CONVENIENCE CENTE R LOADS PER WEEK "" '' ~`~~?~ \^ OFF-ROUTE MILES (ONE-WAY) CC Disposal Location Lds Eubanks Rd HWY 54 Durham TS WI TS WM TS Eubanks 10 5 117.2 181.7 201.8 212 Ferguson 6 61.98 34.92 147.84 138.72 145.8 Walnut Grove 6 84.48 138.66 124.2 137.22 172.38 High Rock 6 102.66 131.16 153.42 166.62 217.08 Bradshaw 3 53.61 17.43 103.89 98.73 102.06 Total 31 307.73 439.37 711.05 743.09 852.32 Average Miles per Trip 9.93 14.17 22.94 23.97 27.49 Total CC Off-Route Miles Per Week 656.98 929.53 1493.01 1559.94 1794.35 Average Total MileslTrip 10.11 14.30 22.97 24.00 27.61 Orange County Transfer Station Evaluation C-4 April 9, 2009 ~~ ~. ~`~ ~ t~ ° ° ° ° ° o o o o o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ~1' c~ N ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ O~ s~o ~~ o~ ~~o , ~, ~~ .- 0 '~` O~ s~o ~` o~, ~~ o~ ~o o~ rn 0 0 N .Q Q ... ~ 0 W 0 G H .~ c 0 U a~ c O C a~ ~ ~ ~~O ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ O~ pp 9~ 'mod ~~ ~L ~ ® ,~, ~ s~o ~ ~~ 0~ ~~ ` O~ ~O 0~ ~ O O O O O O O O O O O O O O 00 O ~O O O O ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ is rn 0 0 N .Q d 7 C O (6 Rf W c 0 s c m F- a c 0 U N c cu L O j ~. WEST 5 T F TI ,neral Assumptions Haul fo Remote Location from Proposed NG 54 Sites Orange Transfer Station, Tonslday Total Siie Area, Acres Distance To Disposal Facility (one-way), miles Transfer Station Life (Yrs) Transfer Station Salvage Value (%) Equipment Life (Yrs) Equipment Salvage Value (%) Assumed Inflation Rate Assumed Borrow Rate Assumed Discount Rate Assumed Investment Rate (for sinking fund) Financing Cost Factor (%) Transfer Station Construction Costs Orange Transfer Station Transfer Station Site Improvements Off-Site Roadway Improvements Ufility Extensions Fire Protection Subtotal • Construction Cost Land Acquistion Engineering, Legal and Administrative Project Contingency Total Estimated Development Cost Financed Cost Orange Transfer Station Annual Debt Service insfer Station Debt Service (Development and Construction) -w,Ton Eauipmerd Cost Orange Transfer Station Equipme~rt Caterpillar 936 Loader, Wheel Caterpillar 1156 Mobil Crane Power Sweeper Shop Tools and Equipment 25 104 20 0,00% 6 35,00% 3,50°/a 5.50% 5.50% 3.50% 0.00% 2.50% Consiruction Inflation LS 1 $ 2,594,950 $ 2,594,95D $ 2,685,773 LS 1 $ 314,650 $ 314,650 $ 325,663 LS 1 $ 40,063 $ 40,063 $ 41,465 LS 1 $ 101,000 $ 101,000 $ 104,535 LS 1 $ 175,000 $ 175,000 $ 181,125 $ 3,225,663 $ 3,338,561 AC 25 $ 15,OOD.00 $ 375,000 $ 388,125 $ 450,100 $ 465,854 %TotalCosts 3,600,663 20% $ 720,100 $ 745,337 $ 4,770,863 $ 4,937,876 $ 4,937,876 1.05 FA 1 $ 329,840 $ 329,840 $ 341,384 EA 1 $ 120,800 $ 120,800 $ 125,028 EA 1 $ 52,350 $ 52,350 $ 54,182 LS 0 $ 7,900 $ - $ - 57,000 57,285 57,671 57,869 58,148 58,439 58,731 59,025 69,320 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,20U $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 7.25 $ 7.21 $ 7.18 $. 7.14 $ 7.11 $ 7.07 $ 7.04 $ 7.00 $ 6.97 Subtotal • Equipmerd Cost $ 502,990 $ '520,595 Contingency % of Equip. Costs 502,990 15% $ 75,449 $ 78,D89 Total Equipment Cost $ 578,400 $ 598,700 Financed Equipmerd Cost . . . . . . . .. .. . . .: ..: . . . • . • . . . . . . . • • . • . • • • • • • • • • • $ 596,700 $ 819,855 $ 761,714 . . . .:. .:. . . ., :. :. .. .:. .:: . . :. . . . . . ::. . . . .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ::....:........:.,,..~...•.•.•.•.•...•...•.•.... E br :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::<::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::r•:::~sr:::~:~:~:::::~:::: i~bhtAnhdaf~lebtSetanbb• ......:....:.......................................................... .P ........................................:.•.•....•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•:::.•.•.•.•.•.•...•.....:............ ............. .:4 .................... . ... .. ......::......•.•...•:..:....... :::::~:::::~:::::::::~::::::::::::: .................. ................... ....... , .......... .........:....................................:............................ :::::::::::i:i~i~3: isi:::E:i:::i~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~E:::::::::.::::::::: ;::::::::::::::::::. ................. ::;: ;:::;:::::: ...................•.•.•.•:..•...............................: , ....... . ....................174 tl00...• .,....•:. ............ .. ~ ~ ...... ::::• •:::::::;:.... , ....::;;..;;:,,;,.;,...... ; ..... ,.;,. ;,;,;,;..:,..... ; .....:: .:~ 0.•.: •.•.•.,..1. ,.....•.•.•:: :. 1 tltl0::::::::::::::•t24 ?A Dgq 1~4 ODB $ ~ ~ ~ ~ :. ,.,..:.,;,; ............... .:.:: :.:.:.:.....: ..... ~7?E OD $ ~ ....:..:...:....:::.:•:.:•:.. , , .......:•: •.:•:•»:...........: .:.:.:.;. .:.:......: ......... .....•::.•. . ........... :....• . •.. 1iD 500 1~8 4 5Q0 50>> : ~ ~'t $ .... ............. ......................................... ......... . ......... . ..... .......................:.•.•.•.•.•...............•.....•,.:...•..•,.:., ........: :......:..:.....~........... . , ..,. , ;.•.•.,.: : :.....,.... .....,...........~ .,.:., ;.:.:.:.:.:. .. .. ....:...: .... . . . .. . ; : .....:.. .:. ...: .•....:.. : .:.>:.>:. . . .......................................... .. . . .. .................. . : ~ 0:........'12!~4kf0.. . 12:000 474 000 ~ 110 40 $ .1 St- .. .....1 i~J.. , .....11~ . . ... .................... .......... .. . ...b .................................................................................... $ ............................................................ ........................................... .. ................... . ... ...................... . .............................................................::. . .............................................•..............:............,•..,..•....:.•..:.,.... ......... ..... .. , ... ........... .. ..........'j ....... ..............:......,.::.. ~.:::.... ... ... ........ . . . .. ........ .............. .. ... ........... ........... .. ........ . ..................~.....:...................:...~.•.........,.., .a1!~..•.~..,,•:..•..... 2.13.. . ...... ... .......... .. . ........ ... ..$...:..:....•...x:X89....~. : ........ .. ... ....... ....:...... .. ......... .........,......!1;88....~.....::.:...:.:.~.t3`..:,$::.•.•.•.•.•.....1.85.. Orange County Transfer Station Evaluation April 9, 2009 TS-1 ~~ ;~ ~~ Haul to Remote Location from Proposed NC 54 Sites Orange Transfer Station, Tonslday Total Site Area, Acres Disiance To Disposal Facility (one-way), miles Transfer Station Life (Yrs) Transfer Station Salvage Value (%) Equipment Life (Yrs) Equipment Salvage Value (%) Assumed Inflation Rate Assumed Borrow Rate Assumed Discount Rate Assumed Investment Rafe (forsinking fund) Financing Cost Factor (%) Transfer Station Construction Costs Orange Transfer Station Transfer Station Site Improvements Off-Site Roadway Improvements Utility Extensions Fire Protection Subtotal -Construction Cost Land Acquisiion Engineering, Legal and Administrative Project Coniingency Total Estimated Development Cost Financed Cost Orange Transfer Station Annual Debt Service -tea ~9 :..................................... .....20d .......•.•..:.. ..,.2420• ~iiiiiiiiii'•``•`•ii'ii:"``~```~ iiiiiiiii: , ...........Unit ..... . ...:'`i`dtOt ................ . ~~>afait::::;:;:;:;€i(j ~''"(i~.~```"'~i~'s~`''.~~~~~~`.i .... nos ::::::::::................................:.......ost .........•.•.•.~:ast.................... 59,617 25 104 20 0.00% 6 35.00% 3.50% 2.50% Construction Inflation 5.50% 5.50% 3.50% a.aD°i° LS 1 $ 2,594,950 $ 2,594,950 LS 1 $ 314,650 $ 314,650 LS 1 $ 40,063 $ 40,063 LS 1 $ 101,000 $ 101,000 LS 1 $ 175,000 $ 175,000 $ 3,225,663 AC 25 $ 15,000.00 $ 375,000 $ 450,100 %TotalCosts 3,600,663 2D% $ 720,100 $ 4,770,863 59,915 60,215 ~3.......... ~0~4 5. ..... ........... ....... .... • ............... ....~O~G... ........... ...... ....... ........202#. .:...... ......... ...........x#t .,......... ......... .. 2;9......... 0 60,516 60,819 61,123 61,429 61,736 62,045 62,355 62,667 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,2110 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 413,200 $ 6.93 $ 6.90 $ 6.86 $ 6,83 $ 6.79 $ 6.76 $ 6.73 $ 6.69 $ 6.66 $ 6.63 $ 6.59 ;nsfer Station Debt Service (Developmend and Construction) ~`,v; ion Equipment Cost Orange Transfer Station Equipment Caterpillar 936 Loader, Wheel Caterpillar 1156 Mobil Crane Power Sweeper Shop Tools and Equipment 1.05 EA 1 $ 329,840 $ 329,840 EA 1 $ 120,800 $ 120,800 EA 1 $ 52,350 $ 52,350 LS 0 $ 7,900 $ - Subtotal -Equipment Cost $ 502,990 Contingency % of Equip. Casts 502,990 15% $ 75,449 Total Equipment Cost $ 578,400 Financed Equipment Cost • • • • • • • • $ 936 340 . : •;:•;. : •.:• .:.:. .:: :.• : ;• ;.•.::: ,• .:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::.:•:•:.;.;.;.;.;.;.,:.:•:•:•:•:•:•:•:•:•:.:•:•>::.»:.:•:•:•::.;.;•;>;;;:.•:.•.•.•.,• •,•:::.•.•.•.•.,•:::......,:.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.,:,•.•.•.•.•.,,,,•.•:..:...•::.•.•::.•.•.•.,•:::.•.•.•.•.•.•., Antrdal E1et~Se~rrd . 4 .....................:....~. , ......................................... , ...... • ............... ...... . ................. . ......................:: ,.....::....::..........:::.......•........ .,,..•.•.•.•.•.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,...,.,.,.,.,., .,................ ,,, ..........................................::...• . ......................... , .... ..........,.,.:...:...:.•.•...............•:.~:..,.....M30 5@0.:.:$: .......... . .......... ~....... , .... , ............ .. • ....... ....... , .......... .. .:::.:,:1tl0 50II.•........,..91 500.......,..: ,. ,.,. .......,.,,,.,.~.,...,.,.,,~.•:.....•...,~.::.....$.•:.:.:,;.X34,.~~0,,, ....... .... ........ .................... .................... ..... ........... ............•..... .,..,......... ... ...::..,. .. .........,.,.,. .,..,........ $.,.,,•.•:1~4,1~QU;,;;$:;;.;:;:;:;1~€,!1!i#:•;$:.:.:.:.>;~34 t0i#:.:~:.;:.;:.;~341Ob .................. .........:.. .. •.........:...A . ::::~::::::;:::~;i. 1II0: 1151 $ ,002 ................... . :......::.•.... ......:..,............ ....,...,.:.. ...•,~+ .:......: .. •:.p..::.::.:164 600:::::;:::::::~6484D•: r• ~:•~::.:.:.•,,;;,,.,',isi:i:i:i:i:::iii:i;isi:::i:iiiii i:i::i:i:i:i:i:i:::i:iii:;:~i:iiiasisisisisisisisiii;iisisisisi:i:i:i:iii:i:i:i:i:i:i:i:i:i isisi~iasisisisi:::i:::`•i~isisisis !kN IMB11~ .................. .... ....................... ................... ....... .....~ ......::................. • ............... .... ...... ......................... , ................ isii;i;ipi;ipi;i;i;i;i;i;i;i;ipipi;i;i;i;i;i;i:'i;ipiasi :::.........:.....: ........... .......... ........ ~ .. •............ .....•.•. , . .. . ......$..:.•: its 50 ... 4... $ , :p:,,,;,,:::......,.....,,.,,,;,,;; :. ;,... ,,;;; .,,;,,,,;;;,....:.:..,.,..;,;. ...... .... ,.•. ..:.•.•. .. ......... ... ...: .....11b tr......•.•. . .. ~ ......50. 90 ... 'E34 900 $ ~ ...:.:.:.:.:...... ;.•:.•.:•:..:.:.:•:•:.:•.....:.....•.:.:.. •.•.•.•.•. .•.• ...•.•.•.•. .... 3$ 900 9IIi#10R $ $ ~ :...:....:...........•.....•:..:......,...,....... ..•. .•: .,• v.•.•.•.• . ,.. 3 t4II 'k 9 .....•,..•..:::........ ..,. .......::. .. . ~ 9th .............. , .............. ..,. ...,.,.,.,..... ...... ..........., ........ ................ ................................................ . ......................... ... .........................••,.......................................,.........,............... ... ............................................................................................. . 1.T.bt1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ..... . ........... ........................ . ...... ........................................ .......... ......... • ... .. , ...... ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,, ,, , ~ $ 5 $ . . .......... .... , .. ..... , ...~...... ........................................,..... ,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,, ,, 4 ....... ... .... .. ...... .. .........,...... ,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,, ,, ..... .. ....., ...•.. ....... ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ........ .. ..... . ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ......... . , ... . ..... ........ 4..$.......54 .44 . ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,, .................... . . . ........ . . ............•....... ..,. ....•:........ ..........•:......:,,...,........:.... .•: : ........ . ....... • ..... ,•:.,•.•.•: ,.x.4 . ,$......•.......•x,8.4.........•.•..........x.22... . . . . . . . . . . . .~. . , .........,........ . . . . . . . . . . . , .•.•.•.........: ..•......•.•.•.•...... .. x,20 2~~~ ~ ; ~ . ,•:: ,•....:.. ...:.•......:....,.,. . 2,*I~ X17 $ ... .........:.•.. . 2; '[8 :$ .....•.•.•.•.......... ..,..:....... .. 2$4 $ : : : : : $ 3 . . . . . . . . . . . , , . . . . . , . . . , .... :. .:.;.;.:.:.:.:.:. ,.:. .:.;.:.:.:.:.:.; ;::: ::::;:::::::::::; .>: ;:::::::::,:.:: ;.; . :;::::;:::::;::: : ::: ::::::::::::::::: ::.: :.: : : : ::: ::: :: Orange County Transfer Station Evaluation April 9, 2009 TS-2 t .__.._ .... iiii;jA~511:i:i:;iii;iiiiifi~i%i'n'+iifi~i iiSE~i~4+056ii~i~>i~i~ii::i~i~ i~i•~.:45t'i~iii~iEi~E~E~E~EEi~i:~i~:~;~i~i i~:~6~:~iiiiii:ii~i~E~i~i~i~iii~i~i~:`•:`•::i~i~:`•i~E:i~i~:~i~i ..Prat K..g .. •~ urance ................................... ..................... .......... .. ... . ~ .....•.•... .: ....... .. . . 1~,~ ~ • • .. $ ...,... .:. 1~ . ~~ ...:.. .. ~~ X24 ..... , ,•........:..... . , , ..... ,• •...:....:. ............ .. ~0 ~~ ~ 20 ~ 53~ 2~ ~2 390 $U~ $ ~ $ ~3 ~ ' fi ....... ..........•:::......... . 3 24• ...... ................ . ........ .... ... . . :..: ..; .; .•: ... ,.,.....,. ..,....... . ......:;.; , .:. .:. , :.:.:.:.; :.; ;.:.:. . , :.:.:.: . ::: ;::::::::: , .:. .:.:.:.:.: ::: ;. , :::: ..: ::::::::::: ~ 1 . :::: : :::::•:•:.:•. .::•:.: :•>: .:.:.::: :13:: .. . ................................................ . ...... ...... . . . ............. ................ . $ :::::::::488 900: .... ~ . • • :::::.:.:. ..... ~ :.... .,. .531600:.: ~ :::: ~ ,::::;: 0~:: ~aao ::::::::: 7.3 :::: ~~ au ~ ::: s ::::>: ... ,:.: ~ru OQ d .;:.: $ .:.:. . 607 ~ 5A :.:.;:::::::: $ : ::::.:.:.:.:. 64~+~Olk ~ .. .;.: b8 00 3 .: ~ .:.:.:.:. .:. :.> 8 0 i` : •.:.:.:.: :.:. ~ :.:.:. :.:.: :. 1 . ......................... . .... .. ..:..... ...:: . . . ... .,...... .....,.,. ., :•.•... . .. :::.. ..•:.: : ,;,. .:.;:.:. .:,:: . ... . . . , . ..:. ..:.: ............. .:.:. .... , , :.:.: . .......... .:. :.:,::..: .....:..: •... •:.:.:•:.: ......~......:.. .....,.... . :•:• .....!~ ,.,....... .. . ~:•: :.:.:.:.: . „~Zfl::.; ........,f=, $ :•:•:•:• .>: : .:.:.;.;.;b85~?AD,., :.:.: ~!.:.:. .:.:.:: ~ .: :.:.;7~2~3t 0;. Variable Costs Total Haul Miles Fuel:5milespergallon $I il $ 0 40 $ 563,700 $ 566,500 $ 569,300 $ 572,200 $ 575,000 $ 577,900 $ 580,800 $ 583,700 $ 586,600 $ 589,500 $ 592,500 Oil, Lub., Service, Wash, Etc. m e $Imile $ . $ 2.00 0 09 $ $ 329,200 70 000 $ $ 342,400 72 00 $ 356,100 $ 370,500 $ 385,300 $ 400,800 $ 416,900 $ 433,700 $ 451,100 $ 469,200 $ 488,100 Tires: 20,000 mileslset $Imile $ . 0 25 $ , 205 700 ,8 2 $ 75,700 $ 78,700 $ 81,900 $ 85,200 $ 88,600 $ 92,200 $ 95,900 $ 99,700 $ 103,700 Repairs $/mile $ . 0 125 , $ 14,000 $ 222,600 $ 231,600 $ 240,800 $ 250,500 $ 260,600 $ 271,100 $ 281,900 $ 293,200 $ 305,100 License, Tax & Insurance $ . 32 750 $ $ 102,900 47 800 $ 107,000 4 $ 111,300 $ 115,800 $ 120,400 $ 125,300 $ 130,300 $ 135,500 $ 141,000 $ 146,600 $ 152,500 , , $ 9,500 $ 51,200 $ 53,000 $ 54,900 $ 56,800 $ 58,800 $ 60,80.0 $ 63,000 $ 65,200 $ 67,400 ..du.. Dial .... ab a.~osts ............................................ .............................:.:.:.:.:.:.•.:.....:....:......::.....•::::....:.:.::.•............:. ....................... ......................•.....•...•.•,........... ...... ...•.•...•..:.:.:..,.:•:•:.:.::.:.:.:.:•:.:•:•:.:.:.:.:.:. :.. 5560b. ......... •.• .....•:•: .. .: .:.: .:. .... :.:.:.:.. :.. . . ~ ..:..... .. ..,,.... .... 9 ~P ~ .. ... ~ ... .. ...,... .... >3 ~G~Q ... ...... $ ... : ...... .. ~1~ G4~ ....... ...,.•.•..... ~ ....... 9~~~i ~ .... ,. ... ~h ~g~ .. : ... , .. .. ....... .... t t ....... .. ........ ... r ..... .:.. ................ . .• ., :. ~ ......:.... .............. ......,,........... ..... ..::..........::...... . , ....:.:.: :. :.:.:. .:. ~ :.:.:.: :.:. :.:.:. : ~ ,: :.:.: ::,:::::.: :: ?~#::: ::.::;:.: ~ :::: ~: t~~r9~ ;:;:::1, 4:::: ... ~: .... •:•:.:1 d~3•`x bk•:.: ........ ~....... ~......:... ~::::: ........ ::k t46 ~bk:: .... z......,........ Total Haul Cost $Ron 1255500 1317500 1361300 1405900 1454100 1526100 1604600 1657600 1712800 1769600 1829000 $IHaul Mile 21.06 21.99 22.61 23.25 23.91 24.97 26.12 26.85 27.60 28.38 29.19 2.23 2.33 2.39 2.46 2.53 2.64 2.70 2.B4 2.92 3.00 3.09 Transfer & Haul Operations Costs Number Of Transfer Trailer & Tractors Payload, Tons Annual Days Of Operation Round Trip Distances, Miles Availability Factor Average Speetl, MPH r Dad Time, Min. iload Time, Min, ~ .ransferTonnage Initial Design Cycle Time, Hrs. Initial Transfer Rate, tonslday Ultimate Transfer Rate, ionslday Loads Per Day @ %100 of Ultimate Trips Per Day Per Trailer @ 100% Availabiliiy Tractors Trailers 2262't10~;;.<'!:.•:"^:•.•.••• ,.t.,,.,:v 2,334,90& I:I;•• .•' ••~•I;I':s:•::•~':,''••:;::;>::;••,•.;••••:;;'•>; 2,395,1100 2;483,000 2,5'48,700 ;;I••;•.•.:•~ .:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.;::;•••••:,~•••••:,:,.:;,;,;,:: ,3,685,900 2,738200 ••:,•:.:•;.•:..,:;::.,;,;,;,;....,•:.;......,:,;.:,:.:...,•.,,.....,:,:..;;.:;;;;;.;......:...,,;; 2,811'700 2,686,000 2'897,700 8 4179 801) ;::;:;:2x&4.... ... ..~6.8t ......... 39 ~~....... . 4M U3 .. ...... d~.84 ..... .... 431 .. ...... ?~ 5)# ...... , F ; ... 4<y 54... ...... 46.56..........A8~17.......... 4~;i6 1,843,000 1,921,700 1,982,700 2,069,800 2,135,500 2,226,700 2,325,000 2,398,500 2,474,600 2,584,500 2,666,600 22 312 208 90.00% 56 30 20 57,000 62,355 Station Spares Totals 4.55 183 183 9.2 1.8 5 5 D 5 1 6 Orange County Transfer Station Evaluation April 9, 2009 TS-G C s. L w.. ~~. ~,~ ~;t Fa' L ti 9 ~ µ` ~-~ * T w 'i/ fE ~' .. -: r '. ~/ C T S TATI APRIL 16, 2009 Prepared for: Orange County, North Carolina t ~~\ ~~ - ~. nth e~axAt:% Orange County PO Box 17177 Chape( Hitt, NC 27516-7177 Prepared by: ~~ 4'~ ~~~ ~" OLVER INCORPORATED Otver Incorporated 8720 Red Oak Boulevard, Suite 505 Charlotte, NC 28217 Project Number 2D151 __.~~. _~_____~W~~_ ~ LL _. ~ ~-~" _.r.._~,_~..~_ TABLE OF CONTEtdTS ~. PAGE 1.0 INVESTIGATIVE APPROACH ........................................................:............................1 2.0 RESULTS OF THE INVESTIGATION ..........................................................................2 2.1 Mass-Burn .....................................................................................................2 2.2 Refuse Derived Fuet (RDF) ................................................................................4 2.3 Gasification, Pyrolysis, and Plasma Arc ................................................................. 5 2.4 Biomass Conversion to Ethanol ........................................................................... 6 3.0 OBSERVATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS .....................................................................7 (~ .. _~.._,.. .~ ..f.~,.. ~ .~.'~ .. v... _..~.. ,_.,~ The following is a summary of the investigation into the identification of potential technologies for the long- term disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) from Orange County as alternatives to landfilling. In 2008, Orange County retained the services of Gershman, Brickner & Bratton, Inc., (GBB) to assess the availability of waste processing technologies that could be utilized as long-term alternatives to landfilling. A "white paper" report by GBB was evaluated by the Solid Waste Advisory Board (SWAB) in mid-2008 and was issued to the Board of County Commissioners (BOCC) in August 2008. In January 2009, the BOCC directed staff to investigate the potential for long-term technologies including the possibility of partnering with the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (ITNC). 1e® IB®~E~o~B'!~~!®'ll~id~6B~~H6®BrAld~ This investigation used the findings of the GBB report as a starting point and conducted further assessment of these technologies, largely through direct contact with public and industry representatives of specific technologies. The GBB assessment included the recent work of 12 different communities in the United States as they evaluated waste processing technologies (WPT) for their own use. This work by these communities represents the research and evaluation of a total of 80 technology vendors offering 14 different technologies. The following technology vendors, owners, operators, and organizations from outside Orange County were contacted and interviewed by Olver: ^ Northeast Maryland Waste Disposal Authority (7~lMWDA): • Members include six Maryland counties and the City of Baltimore • Operate three waste-to-energy (WTE) facilities since 1985 • Currently permitting for a new mass-burn facility to replace an older technology ^ Covanta Energy, Inc.: • Develop, build, and operate WTE facilities in the United States • One of the largest WTE companies in the world ^ Energy Answers, Inc.: • Develop, build, and operate WTE facilities in the United States • Owns a patented system of waste processing that recovers as much recyclable material from the waste as possible before combustion ^ Waste Management/Wheelabrator Technologies, Inc.: • Major developer, builder, and operator of WTE facilities • Selected by NMWDA to build their new WTE facility April 16, 2009 ® Integrated Waste Services Association: ®• The trade organization for owners and operators of WTE facilities in the United States ® Represents approximately $0 percent of the existing modern WTE facilities in the United States ® Duke Energy Corporation: ® Has a Renewable Energy and Carbon Strategy Office that promotes WTE ® Blue Ridge Environmental Defense League: ® A regional community-based nonprofit environmental organization ® Founding principles include earth stewardship, environmental democracy, social justice, and community empowerment In addition, County staff hosted meetings and discussions with UNC representatives and their consultants regarding their long-term energy management activities, and SWAB hosted meetings and discussions that included some of the above listed organizations, as well as Orange County Voice, regarding this and other solid waste issues. ® ~ ' ~ Each of the technologies investigated has "pros and cons" regarding its performance, costs, and risks. Of those investigated, the following are considered to have the best possibilities as long- term disposal alternatives for Orange County. 2.1 Mass-Burn ® One of the two predominant technologies for WTE facilities in the world. ® Includes integrated furnace/boiler design (waterwall boiler) and modular design (with a hearth-type furnace and a waste heat boiler). ® The integrated design (used in newer facilities such as Montgomery County, Maryland and Fairfax, Virginia) tend to be able to meet higher environmental standards than the modular units (used in some older facilities such as Pittsfield and Agawam, Massachusetts). ® Considered the most "proven" because it has the most varied and demonstrated perfor- mance track record. ® Has one of the lowest risks of technical failure among the WPT technologies. ® Charges un-processed MSW into a boiler or furnace to be combusted and captures heat ~. from the thermal conversion of waste to generate steam. j rp 17 ~ "°r,b Ne~u~~s 2 Apri116, 2009 `~' ^ The steam in turn can either be used to supply industrial processes, or it can be used to spin a turbine to generate electricity, part of which can power the WTE plant with the excess power sold to power companies or other users. ^ Is compatible with waste reduction and recycling programs and any large identifiable re- cyclable material is removed before being placed into the charging hopper. ^ Both bottom and fly ash are generated at a rate of S to 10 percent by volume and 1 S to 20 percent by weight of incoming waste. ^ Ash is usually processed in some manner to recover much of the ferrous metal that was in the waste. ^ Additional processing of ash has been successful in recovering non-ferrous metals and producing light aggregates for construction. ^ Ash must be tested for hazardous constituents and has routinely been found to be a non- hazardous material. A typical mass-burn facility is shown in Figure 1. 3 Apri116, 2009 2.2 Refuse Derived Fuel (RDFI ® The second of the two predominant technologies for WTE facilities in the world. ® Has had more problems than mass-burn and is considered to have higher performance and financial risks. ® In its form as delivered to the combustor, RDF is shredded MSW with ferrous and non- ferrous metals removed. ® It can be further processed to recover glass and other non-combustible material. ® RDF is delivered as "fluff' to a boiler or furnace for combustion, or it can be pressed into pellets before delivering it for combustion. ® RDF production is a separate process from combustion. Therefore, the RDF facility does not have to be co-located with the combustion units, although close proximity improves efficiency of operations. ® Once charged into a boiler or furnace, RDF facilities operate similarly to mass-burn plants, in that they recover heat energy for generation of steam and/or electricity for sale. ® Bottom and fly ash can be processed to recover metals and to produce light aggregate as with mass-burn units. ® Also as with mass-burn, ash must be tested for hazardous constituents and has routinely C been found to be anon-hazardous material. A typical RDF facility is shown in Figure 2. C 4 April 16, 2009 Figure 2 'iiy~i~al i$i~0= Pr~tc ink hee~~i~ ~~ ~ - - - - The. capital costs for these. facilities (mass-burn and RDF facilities) range from $150,000 to $250,000 per design ton on a daily basis (TPD) and are generally considered feasible at plants sized at 1000 to 1200 TPD. However, somewhat smaller facilities may be feasible in certain circumstances, such as where high energy revenue is achievable. Regardless, amass-burn or RFD facility would require a significant regional involvement as an approach to long-term disposal. With operating costs and the sale of recovered energy and materials, the total net tipping fee for a facility of this type would be approximately $100 per ton or more. 2.3 Gasification, Pyrolysis, and Plasma Arc These technologies are grouped together because, unlike the first two technologies that combust the waste material, these have similar processes that produce a combustible gas that is then burned to generate energy. ^ Waste is heated to produce a burnable gas that can be used off site of the gasifier. ^ With gasification and pyrolysis, waste is fed into a gasification chamber, where it is heated in an atmosphere sufficient only to maintain the gasification process (insufficient for combustion) at temperatures in excess of 3000°F. Plasma arc technologies direct intense heat at a relatively small area within a chamber, i where waste is converted to a gas in a starved-air atmosphere similar to other gasification technologies. The intense heat is generated by "torches" that are fed by electrical current. The current heats a process gas to more than 5000°F, which in turn heats waste. ^ At these high temperatures, organic materials dissociate into gases and non-organics will vitrify into aglass-like slag or frit. ^ The slag can be used in light construction applications. ^ The gas can be piped to a combustion facility where it is burned much like natural gas in a boiler or engine. ^ Air emissions are improved over waste combustion technologies. ^ Different forms of these technologies have been tested at various levels since the 1970s. ^ Although pilot plants have been tried with these technologies and small facilities operate in Japan and Canada, performance has not yet been demonstrated with typical MSW over long-term operating periods, nor on a scale that is applicable as a solution for MSW management. ^ Plasma arc facilities have been recently planned for Tallahassee (1000 TPD) and St. Lucie County (3000 TPD) in Florida. However, the Tallahassee project has been cancelled for ®`'~y~~ ~~~'P 5 Apri116, 2009 E _ ~ .._ _~~.. unknown reasons and the St. Lucie County facility has been downscaled to 200 TPD for financial reasons. ® The current risks are exkremely high, and it is likely that these technologies will not perform as hoped. ® Net operating costs have been reported to be in the range of $160 per ton. A typical plasma arc furnace is shown in Figure 3. sYNGASOUT ~l~li>rEv ~ _~ ~, t f _ MSW IN r, iudcKK} - - t - ~;~w ~~ I ~ .., ``" "' ~ ' GASIFICATION ZONE MELTING ZONE CONTROLLED COMROLLED AIR AIR ~, ., ~ri~, PLASMA HEATING 5YSTEM y " PLASMA HEATING SYSTEM 0.6 AND METALOUTLET-1 COKE,LIMESTONE BED 2.4 Biomass Conversion to Ethanol ® Biomass conversion to ethanol is a well known process for producing ethanol as a fuel. ® Alternatively, the biomass can be converted under anaerobic conditions to various hydro- carbon syngas fuels. ®~>~4` ~ ~OOnp u s +~yfrb. @p~p\~a~ 6 Apri116, 2009 ^ The biomass typically used for feedstock in this process is plant matter, coal, or natural gas. ^ Although MSW may potentially be used as a feedstock, there has been limited research or testing with MSW; and there have been no full-scale facilities developed using MSW as a feedstock. ~^® ®~S~A:~/AT'®IVS- AN® ~+®NCLUSI®NS The results of our conversations with representatives of these various organizations, supported by available published literature, were reasonably consistent and in agreement with the 2008 GBB report. These results can be summarized by the following. ^ The overwhelming consensus was that mass-burn technology is the only proven technology that is economically viable at this time. ^ There is considerable interest at this time in gasification technologies, and a more proven track record with MSW is likely to be tested over the next several years. ^ Facilities sized approximately 1000 to 1200 TPD or larger are most likely to be feasible, while facilities smaller than 800 to 900 TPD are not likely to be economically feasible using the best technology. ^ A feasible project for Orange County would require a regional facility that imports MSW from surrounding jurisdictions. ^ The siting, permitting, and construction costs of a new WTE facility would vary with technology, location, and capacity. However, capital cost estimates based on previously implemented projects range from $150,000 to $300,000 per design TPD capacity - resulting in a $150 million to $360 million facility; ^ There have been no successfully implemented WTE projects in the United States for more than 12 years. However, a regional mass-burn facility is being implemented by the NMVUDA that is expected to be 1500 TPD and cost $500 million -equivalent to $333,000 per design TPD capacity. ^ Although operating costs vary with technology, typical costs for Orange County are expected to be in excess of $100 per ton, plus hauling and transfer costs unless the WTE facility is sited in Orange County. ^ Once a site and project financing are secured and all contracts are final for a facility to be developed, permitting and construction is expected to take approximately four to five years assuming no permitting delays. 7 Apri116, 2009 -- ...J_.._. _. ~ ~.__ _. _.. ~_ _ ~_ _ _, ^ Public participation is critical to the success of these projects. Public opposition to the \ siting and permitting of a WTE facility is highly likely. Therefore, the process of public involvement should be considered when estimating the time it may take to implement a regional WTE facility in the County. ^ In fulfillment of its pledge to the American College and University Presidents Climate Commitment, the University has been progressively identifying and evaluating alternative technologies that will result in a more energy efficient and "greener" University. ^ UNC is more interested in emerging technologies that appear to have potential for improved emission performance over the mass-burn technology. ^ A partnership with UNC in a new facility will require more years of technology testing and demonstration of performance than if the County were to implement amass-burn facility on its own. ^ Current interests from surrounding jurisdictions regarding regional waste management opportunities have targeted long-term landfill projects and not the development of a WTE facility. ^ Developing a feasible long-term disposal solution that is an alternative to landfilling will likely take 15 to 20 years or more to become operational. LONG-TERIIB DISPOSAL ALTERNATIVES Summary of Decisions kF ~ L ~ ~ ~ { F ~ ;.i,. ~ ~ Proven Ready to Implement Yes .Requires time to mature Yes Requires Regional Development Yes Yes Completed Requires County Site Yes or a Transfer Station Yes or a Transfer Station Transfer Station Interested Parties County to Develop Potential for UNC & County NIA Schedule for Implementation 10-15 Years 15-20 Years 1-2 Years Cost per Ton $100 + TBD Approx. $60 The result of this review is that processing of waste rather than landfilling has considerable advantages, which are likely to grow as fuel costs rise, landfills fill up, and the release of greenhouse gases becomes increasingly critical. However, this alternative of waste processing is, of necessity, along-term management option that will take years to develop and implement. Using the currently favorable technology (mass-burn), additional MSW waste streams will have to be identified, and partnering agreements reached with other jurisdictions, to make this method economically viable. Alternatively, some of the other less proven methods may have promise for 8 Apri[ 16, 2009 the future but will have to be more fully developed and tested. Either scenario will require public decision-making and comment, site selection, fmance, planning, and time for permitting and construction. Therefore, WTE or other waste processing is a long-term planning alternative. Also, since partnering will likely be a part of any alternative waste processing scenario, it is likely that the transfer station will be a necessity for the foreseeable future. This document is available at http://~~n~~iv/olver. conr/orangecounty 9 Apri116, 2009 C~ C ~~ '; a *_ ~ , t k e. i.. ~} ti~ ~C ~ ~nOT!/ l~ ca -~~~,~~, !.. _.. ....,r. \. \, Memorandum To: Laura Blackmon, County Manager From: Gayle Wilson, Solid Waste Director Subject: Adjacent Jurisdictional Outreach -Observations and Opinions Date: April 10, 2009 At the Board of County Commissioner's January 22, 2009 meeting the BOCC requested several follow-up items, including the investigation of partnerships for alternative approaches. As a means of addressing this request, at least in part, staff has spoken with several contacts and colleagues in adjacent jurisdictions regarding the potential for partnering otherwise in the joint use, ownership; development or operation of facilities, both in the short term and longer term. For the most part these contacts included Solid Waste Directors Environmental Services Directors; positions comparable with mine and generally not Managers or elected officials. Observations and Opinions Alamance County -Contact: Greg Thomas, Alamance County Solid Waste Director Mr. Thomas indicated that Alamance County has determined that their landfill will be their primary waste management methodology for the foreseeable future. The landfill has in excess of 50 years of capacity and is restricted to waste generated within Alamance County. Mr. Thomas is not aware of any serious local discussions regarding consideration of Waste-to-Energy or other technological based alternatives. Mr. Thomas was aware of previous discussions between Orange County and Alamance County (2000 and 2006) regarding Orange County being a customer and/or partner with Alamance County regarding their landfill, but that the decision had been made that the community was opposed and therefore no formal offer of landfill availability was proffered. It was his opinion that there has been nothing of late to occur that would indicate that this position has changed. Chatham County -Contact: Bob Holden, Chatham County Solid Waste Director Chatham County is currently involved in a feasibility study process to examine public and private disposal landfill and transfer station options. The study is being coordinated through the Chatham County Solid Waste Advisory Committee and has been previously provided to the BOCC. One of the reasons for the study is that Waste Management Inc. currently owns and operates the only in-county transfer station in Siler City and Chatham County's agreement with them is soon expiring. County controlled tonnage is about 11,000 tons. Other in-County waste is about 31,000 tons. The study concluded that: ® Technological alternatives to land filling are not viable options at this time and \ should not be pursued ® A landfill or transfer station handling only County controlled waste is not recommended ® A landfill handling all of County waste is more favorable that continued use of an existing private transfer station in Siler City ® A transfer station handling all of County waste appears marginally more favorable that continued us of the private transfer station in Siler City • A landfill or transfer station handling all County waste would require cooperation with in-County municipalities and franchising ® The addition of out-of-county waste would improve the economy of scale and would provide additional revenue to the County o Orange County is among the best potential out-of-county landfill partners Orange County staff will continue communications and expressions of interest toward partnering with Chatham County, either as a customer of a potential new landfill or even an ownership/operational partner. Chatham County Board has just directed the Solid Waste Advisory Committee to hold a series of public input meetings throughout the County to obtain input on the consultants report and the conclusions that an in-county landfill is considered the best long-term waste management option. City of Durham -Contact: Donald Long, City of Durham Solid Waste Director The City of Durham is not currently interested in or considering pursuing technological disposal alternatives. Durham is currently discussing the possibility of privatizing their commercial collection services and de-privatizing their recycling services. They are unsure at this time if any of these changes will occur. Mr. Long is also discussing the possibility of a feasibility study regarding improvements to their waste transfer operations, should the study be funded and approved in the Fiscal 2009/10 budget. Orange County is welcome to be a customer at their existing transfer station. Several sincere attempts have been made over past years to partner or otherwise cooperate with the City. Lee County -Contact: Joe Cherry, Lee County Solid Waste Superintendent Mr. Cherry indicated that he believes Lee County has no short to mid-term interest in technological alternatives to land filling, absent an economic basis for doing so. Lee County currently utilizes a private transfer station in Sanford and will likely utilize the private disposal option for the foreseeable future. Lee County would be receptive to learning about potential options for improving its current waste management practices but is not actively seeking alternatives. Wake County -Contact: Tommy Esqueda, Wake County Director of Environmental Services 2 We have received the following comments from Mr. Esqueda: "Wake County is working to evaluate options to maximize the revenue generation potential for the South Wake Landfill, while still preserving the 25-year planned life of the South Wake Landfill. One - of the many -objectives for evaluating options to maximize revenue potential is to determine if that would allow for a reduction in the $20 per year. household recycling fee charged to single-family residential property owners in Wake County. The range of revenue generating options will include, but not be limited to, modifying the schedule of rates, fees and charges to capture additional revenues for difficult to handle wastes (i.e. mattresses); increasing the solid waste compaction rate to allow for a greater quantity of waste to be accepted over the life of the landfill; modifying the configuration and profile of the landfill to allow for a greater quantity of waste to be accepted over the life of the landfill; accepting special wastes (i..e. municipal sludge), at a different gate rate, that would enhance methane gas production, and accepting municipal solid waste from outside of Wake County such as Orange County. It is understood. that none of these options can be considered for implementation prior to being reviewed and approved by the Wake County Board of Commissioners; the local government members of the South Wake Landfill Partnership; the regulatory staff at NCDENR, and other agencies as may be deemed necessary by NCDENR." As a result of a reasonably positive if non-committal response from Wake County we have asked Oiver, Inc. to include within their hauling analysis consideration of what the economics might be of the Wake County landfill being a final destination for Orange County's transferred waste. C a~ c~ ~` ~~ r ~` _ ~, ~' ry t r t ,F:t _ x ~~ ~ti'l ~G {~ ~r~l[~ cb ,~I ti J... ~~ Memorandum To: Board of Orange County Commissioners From: Solid Waste Advisory Board Jan F. Sassaman, PhD, Chair Subject: SWAB Recommendations Waste Transfer Station and Waste to Energy Date: Apri12 2009 At its January 22, 2009 meeting, the Board of Orange County Commissioners (BOCC) requested that the Orange County Solid Waste Advisory Board (SWAB) hold meetings with the public stakeholders to: • review and consider relative incremental costs to county and municipalities associated with alternative primary disposal locations (i.e., Howell Site, Durham Transfer Station, Waste Industries, etc.); and • explore in more detail potential options for alternatives to landfilling, especially waste to energy (WTE) alternative including those proposed by Orange County Voice (OCV), and to report back to the BOCC at your meeting April 21, 2009. We have held three meetings ~ focusing on the financial issues, some extending beyond scheduled closing, listened to consultants, potential vendors, and citizens, and have reached several preliminary conclusions and .consequent recommendations contained herein. Waste Transfer Station At our February 5 meeting, we heard from OCV of their interest in looking at vendors to handle Orange County's waste in lieu of a county-owned waste transfer station (WTE), and that there is, in OCV's opinion, no need to rush to develop the Howell site. On March 31, we received and reviewed cost analyses from Olver, Inc. and from OCV comparing the incremental costs associated with direct haul to the Howell site and to two out-of-county locations. The Olver, Inc. report demonstrated that while it may be less expensive to haul to Durham for the initial couple of years, in the long run, there are significant savings associated with a county WTS facility. OCV's opinion and analysis did not agree with Olver's analysis. Waste-to-Energy At our March 5 and April 2 meetings, SWAB heard from OCV, a potential vendor (Wheelabrator/Waste Management), a public interest group (Blue Ridge Environmental Defense League), and Olver, Inc. (summary of telephone conversations with additional WTE/alternative technology interests). What the SWAB heard can be briefly summarized as follows: While WTE as a means of dealing with Orange County's waste is very appealing and can provide a means whereby Orange County maintains responsibility for its own waste stream, there is no viable WTE technology that can solve our immediate or our medium- term needs to dispose of solid waste. Technologies are either not proven at the operational scale needed, or require significantly more feedstock than we have available for cost effective operation. ® As a practical matter, it would be virtually impossible to successfully site a WTE or similar facility in Orange County within a time frame that would make alternatives to the transfer station possible. ® If a WTE facility were ultimately developed for Orange County's solid waste, it would in all likelihood need to be located too far away for direct haul of waste, and even more likely out of county as a regional facility, and thus require a WTS. ® The conclusions of the SWAB's memorandum to the BOCC dated September 24, 2008 (attached) are even more germane now. Conclusions With respect to a WTS, despite the difficultyrn comparing the two methodologies for calculating potential incremental costs involved in WTS versus out-of-county direct haul, it is the SWAB's opinion that it is in the best interest of the citizens of Orange County to proceed forthwith with procuring a site and developing a county owned and operated WTS that is not only operationally sound and cost effective, but also environmentally and socially responsible. i ~. With respect to WTE options, it is the SWAB's opinion that these may very well be viable long- term options for disposal of Orange County's solid waste, likely as part of a regional agreement. For the near and medium term, however, the primary focus of the SWAB's activities should include: • completion of the county-wide solid waste management plan, • advising the Solid Waste Department on WTS development, • continued development of our exemplary recycling operations, • activities associated with landfill closure, and • future continued discussions of WTE options, in that order. The Solid Waste Advisory Board hopes that this review is useful to you in your deliberations. We look forward to hearing your response and are ready to continue to assist the BOCC and Solid Waste staff. 2 ~~ w' v v- , i Y ~~ '.t .• . ~~ j; 1~ C S R TAI° i L I L I 1( A L APRIL 16, 2009 Prepared for: ®range County, North Carolina f~` T!~ ~~ ``~:~`~ ~ aY °l~ Orange County PO Box 17177 Chapel Hitl, NC 27516-7177 Prepared by: `~ Otver Incorporated Ot \ /Cp 8720 Red Oak Boulevard, Suite 505 (_ V GR Charlotte, NC 28217 INCORPORATED Project Number 20151 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1.0 BACaCGROUND ...........................................................................................................1 1.1 Options ....................................................................................................... 2 1.1.1 Option 1-Reduction of Waste Intake at the Landfill ............................................................................2 1.1.2 Option 2 -Diversion of All Waste .........................................................................................................2 1.1,3 Option 3 -Combined Landfill and Diversion Operation ........................................................................3 2.0 CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................5 C Contingency Plan i Apri116, 2009 Based upon the landfill volume calculations prepared from the Apri12008 topographic survey, the estimated remaining life of the facility was approximately 38 months (from April 2008) given an annual acceptance rate of 55,000 tons of waste per year (TPA. This established May 2011 as the approximate date when the South Eubanks Road MSW Landfill would reach its permitted capacity (and would, therefore, result in 26 months of remaining capacity remaining from April 2009). Since this time, Orange County (County) has implemented various additional changes in operation to conserve landfill disposal capacity. The additional steps taken to preserve and extend landfill capacity were expanding the use of alternative daily cover from about 3.5 days/week to at least 4.5 days/week, purchase of a larger compactor to increase the in-place waste density (tons of waste per cubic yard of air space), implementation of curbside collection of cardboard (including increased regulated recyclable material ordinance enforcement within the residential sector), and requesting that UNC temporarily divert their waste to anon-county disposal facility. Additionally, the County established two other steps that significantly increased capacity. In the summer of 2008, staff rebuilt the northeast slope of the MSW landfill -reestablishing the permitted grades that had settled due to the decomposition of the waste. The decomposing waste created additional air space that was refilled with waste during the rebuild. This summer, staff intends to complete the last of the rebuilds by reconstructing the southeast slope, which will reclaim permitted air space. Finally, even with the redirection of some of the construction and Demolition wastes to the MSW landfill, the total incoming tonnages have fallen from about 55,000 tons per year to about 47,000 tons for the current year. Based on a new survey in March 2009, the net effect of these actions appears to be to extend the May 2011 capacity date to about July or August of 2012 (including the estimated capacity created by this summer southeastern slope rebuild). These actions and the resulting capacity impacts, if confirmed, will either reduce the need for a contingency plan or at least reduce the duration of a contingency plan. Therefore, the Contingency Plan contained herein defines a hierarchy of additional options available to the County to further conserve landfill capacity over the next 24 to 36 months as required to accommodate implementation of the proposed transfer station or to manage the waste alternatively should the landfill reach capacity prior to the transfer station being available. Staff is in the process of verifying the recent survey calculations, but itrs likely that some additional capacity has been created. Contingency Plan 1 Apri116, 2009 1.1 Options C 1.1.1 Option 1-Reduction of Waste Intake at the Landfill Accept waste from the Interlocal Agreement Partners only (i.e., residential and commercial waste collected by the partners; and in the case of Hillsborough, the commercial-multifamily waste stream, which is collected under a franchise agreement). As previously noted, LTNC's waste stream is already being diverted. Based upon the current waste acceptance rates, this action would result in a 17 percent reduction in the annual waste tonnage disposed at the South Eubanks MSW Landfill. This reduction equates to the conservation of approximately 17,000 cubic yards of air space annually (e.g., conservation of an additional two months of disposal capacity per year) based upon an annual acceptance rate of 55,000 TPY. If this option is implemented, the financial impact to the County would be the loss of approximately $38,200 per month in tipping fees. There would also be an increase in transportation costs for private-sector haulers to transport the diverted waste stream to an out-of-county disposal location. The order of magnitude of the additional transfer, haul, and disposal cost for. the diverted waste stream is estimated to be in the range of $41,500 per month. _ The County may want to consider negotiation of a transfer and disposal rate for waste diverted to a specified out-of-county transfer station to assist the diverted waste haulers, if possible. (Durham has already indicated no preferential rate would be considered.) 1.1.2 Option 2 -Diversion of All Waste Divert all waste to existing out-of-county private-sector transfer stations (Waste Management or Waste Industries) or the City of Durham's transfer station when the permitted capacity of the landfill is reached. Durham staff has indicated that the existing transfer station can probably accommodate an additional 3,500 tons per month and possibly more (the .diversion .rate for Orange County's entire waste stream would be approximately 4,750 tons per month). However, they have also stated that additional evaluation of their transfer operations (consideration of days and time of day that waste from Orange County would be received at the gate) would have to be conducted prior to making a definitive commitment to accept Orange County's waste. Waste Management and Waste Industries have stated that their respective transfer stations have the capacity to accept the County's entire waste stream. Contingency Plan 2 April 16, 2009 The financial impact of this option to the County would be the loss of the entire MSW revenue stream to the County's enterprise fund and the additional direct haul costs incurred by all the partners and private haulers for transporting the waste to an out-of- county transfer station. A summary of the estimated monetary impact is presented in the following table: OPTION 2 Cost Impact Summaryt'~ Off-Route Haul Costs~1(Additional Cost Increase) ~ $48,700 ~ Cumulative total for all jurisdictions ~~ MSW Tipping Fee Revenue (Lost Revenue) ~ $232,800 I Lost revenue to County II Out-of-County Transfer, Haul, and Disposal Tipping Fee~3> (New Cost) Cost to County (Lost Tipping Fees, and the Additional Off-Route Cost and Transfer Station Tipping Fee for that portion of the waste stream collected by the County) $204,300 Cumulative total for all jurisdictions including privates _ $292,300 County cost including lost MSW tipping fees, recycling/sanitation-additional off- route hauling costs, and out-of-county transfer station (transfer, haul, and disposal) tipping fee for County collected waste ~~~ Cost expressed in terms of $2011 ~2~All Jurisdictions c3) Entire waste stream including privates As in the case of Option 1, the County may want to try and negotiate a transfer and disposal tipping fee for all Orange .County waste delivered to a specified out-of-county transfer station, although haulers would be free to utilize anout-of-county disposal facility of their choice. 1.1.3 Option 3 -Combined Landfill and Diversion Operation Continue to receive all waste at the South Eubanks Landfill and temporarily divert all or a portion of the waste stream to anout-of-county disposal facility. Under this option, a temporary waste diversion (topographic feature) would be built on the lined landfill footprint. Waste would be received at the working face of the landfill where the diversion would be located and either loaded into 100 cubic yard trailers for transport to a preselected out-of-county landfill site or disposed on the working face of the active landfill. The diversion would be a grade separation feature constructed by County staff using salvaged roll-off containers, soil bacl~ll, and stone materials. The grade •> ® - _ ~P Contingency Plan `'°nb ~,,.~~°° 3 Apri116, 2009 --- - separation would allow loading of waste into a transfer trailer with an excavator or front- end loader. The actual tonnage of waste diverted on any given day would be a function of operating conditions. Various operating conditions will favor diversion of the waste stream or on-site landfilling. For instance, inclement weather conditions will generally favor landfilling while normal weather conditions will typically favor diversion. Diversion requirements will also be governed by capacity management goals, (i.e., maintaining a specified landfill capacity reserve based upon the transfer station implementation schedule). The combined landfill and temporary diversion operation would be discontinued and .closed when the proposed transfer station becomes operational. All environmental control measures would be maintained in accordance with regulatory requirements currently prescribed under the existing Landfill Operations Permit during operation of the proposed diversion/landfilling operation. One primary benefit of this option is the ability for the County to maintain MSW tipping fee revenues during the period of diversion as opposed to Option 2 where the entire revenue stream would be lost. The other benefit is to avoid the additional hauling costs to the out-of-county facilities per Option 2. See the following table for a summary of cost impacts. OPTION 3 Cost Impact Summaryt'~ 'i Off-Route Haul Costs~2~ $0.00 Cumulative total for all MSW Tipping Fee Revenue (Retained $232,800 County Revenue Diversion and Transfer Cost~2~~3~ (New ~ $79,600 ~ Cumulative total for all jurisdictions including privates O Disposal Tipping Fee~2~~3~ (New Cost) $91,600 Cumulative total for all jurisdictions including privates Cost to County (Diversion, Transfer and $43,100 County cost including recycling/sanitation -transfer, Disposal of County collected waste haul, and disposal costsfor County collected waste stream) diversion ~~~ Cost expressed in terms of $2011 ~Z~AII Jurisdictions ~3~Assumes 90% diversion of total waste stream including C Contingency Plan 4 Apri116, 2009 u~i Based upon preliminary discussions with the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), Waste Management Division, permitting of this type of diver- sion/landfilling operation is not specifically addressed under the current solid waste management regulations and may require a thorough internal review of the law and administrative code to establish fmal permitting and approval requirements. The nature of this operation also poses unique permitting considerations for the Town of Chapel Hill (based upon the County's preliminary discussions with Town Staff). Therefore, if the Board of County Commissioners wishes this option to be given further consideration, a more detailed design of the proposed operation would have to be developed and presented to DENR and the Town of Chapel Hill for their review and determination of final permitting requirements. 2.® C®NCI.l~S101+1 It is recommended that the County approach landfill contingency planning from a capacity management perspective and implement various contingency options based upon remaining landfill capacity and transfer station implementation schedule. A suggested contingency plan and capacity management strategy is presented in the following table: The actions described in the above table are based on the assumption of a 30-month transfer station implementation schedule once a site is selected. Contingency Plan 5 April 16, 2009 C.. ~., ., . . .. . WOMBLE CrARLYLE SANDRIDGE & RICE One West Fourth Street Winston-Salem, NC 27101 Telephone: (336) 721-3600 Fax: (336) 721-3660 vvww yvcsr.com A PROPE55tONAL LtMITEn LIAH111TY COMPANY February 12, 2009 Geoffrey E. Gledhill County Attorney Orange County P. O. Drawer 1529 Hillsborough, NC 27278-1529 Dear Geof: James R Morgan, Jr. Direct Dial: (336} 721-3710 Direct Fax: (336) 733-8394 E-mail: jmorgan@wcsr.com The purpose of this letter is to confum the terms and conditions upon which our Firm will undertake the representation of Orange County, North Carolina, regarding litigation arising out of Orange County .siting of a solid waste transfer station or related issues. In order to enable us effectively to render these services, you will fully and accurately disclose all facts and keep us advised of all developments relating to the matter. You will otherwise fully cooperate with us and will be available to attend meetings, discovery proceedings and conferences, hearings and other proceedings. $ecause the outcome of litigation is subject to the vagaries and risks inherent in the litigation process, it is understood that we have made no promises or guarantees to you concerning the outcome and cannot do sa. Nothing in this representation letter shall be construed as such a promise or guarantee. Our fees will be based on the billing rates charged by each attorney. 'I will be primarily responsible for handling this matter. My time will be billed at the discounted rate of $325 an hour far this case. Associates' dine, if associates work on this case, will be billed at $235 an hour. These are discounted rates that v~re are able .to offer to Orange County as a local government. These billing rates are subject to adjustment from time to time by the firm without prior Notice. Although I will be prunarily responsible far this engagement, various portions of this matter may be delegated to other firm lawyers. In an effort to reduce legal fees, we utilize paralegal personnel. Time devoted by. paralegals to client.matters is charged at special billing rates generally ranging from $120 to $185 per hour, which also are adjusted from time to time. The attachment reflects our policy in regard to billing for costs and disbursements. Our statement far fees and expenses will be rendered to you monthly and wil! be due upon receipt. Any statement which is not paid within 30 days of its date will be considered past due. Past due billings will accrue interest at the rate of 1'/z % per month (18% per annum) until paid. WCSR is a multi jurisdictional law firm representing many clients and handling a large number of complex matters each year. As a result, conflict of interest issues arise and, from time to time, may even include disputes between the firm and our own clients over the handling of a matter. Under such circumstances, we need the ability to seek expert analysis of our obligations from our General Counsel's office or outside counsel without waiving the firm's own attorney client privilege. We believe that seeking expert advice is in our clients' interest as well as our own. Accordingly, in signing this agreement, you consent to our seeking advice from our GEORGIA /SOUTH CAROLINA /NORTH CAROLINA / YIRG[NIA /WASHINGTON D.C. /MARYLAND /DELAWARE February I2, 2449 . Wo~u? Page 2 Cnxr.~rr.r j" Sarmxm~ & RtcE PLLC General Counsel's office or outside counsel of our choosing on legal ethics or related issues that may arise during our representation of Orange County, North Cazolina and that our representation of Orange County, North Carolina shall not,' thereby, waive any attorney-client privilege that WCSR may have to protect the confidentiality of our communication with counsel. At the conclusion of our work for you on this matter, we will return to you, upon your request, any materials you have furnished us in connection with it. Thereupon, we will store files respecting this matter for a minimum of six (6) years following the conclusion of our representation of you in this matter, and we will provide you with access tothose files. upon request. After six years from the conclusion of our representation in this matter, we will review the stored files with respect to whether'they should be retained or destroyed. We disclaim any obligation to provide further notice to you before destroying the files concerning this matter at any time after six years from the conclusion of our representation of you in this matter. We are pleased to have this opportunity to be of service and to work with you. Very truly yours, WOMBLE CARLYLE SANDRIDGE & RICE, a Professional Limited Liability Comparry By: James R Morgan, Jr. AGREED TO AND ACCEPTED: By: Geoffrey E. Gledhill . On behalf of the Orange County, North Carolina